OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of honey mouthwash 12.5% and chlorhexidine solution 0.2%to reduce the rate of oropharyngeal bacterial colonization in mechanically-ventilated patients.METHODS: This study was a rando...OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of honey mouthwash 12.5% and chlorhexidine solution 0.2%to reduce the rate of oropharyngeal bacterial colonization in mechanically-ventilated patients.METHODS: This study was a randomized, single blind, phase Ⅲ controlled clinical trial. Sixty patients newly admitted to internal and trauma Intensive Care Units of the two educational hospitals of Sanandaj city affiliated with Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences were selected by convenience sampling and allocated to two groups of 30 patients using random blocks design. In each group,the mouthwash was applied twice a day for four consecutive days. Swab samples were taken from the mouth and throat of all patients three times a day(pre-intervention, two days, and four days after the intervention) and then the samples were transferred onto the blood agar and eosin methylene blue(EMB) culture plates and investigated for bacterial growth and colonization after 24-48 h.RESULTS: The findings showed that oropharyngeal colonization was not significantly different between the two groups, pre-intervention, two days,and four days after the intervention(P > 0.05). Rinsing with honey mouthwash 12.5% led to the inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the fourth day of the intervention in all samples.CONCLUSION: None of the studied solutions contributed to the reduction of oropharyngeal bacterial colonization. It seems that the growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the honey 12.5% mouthwash in mechanically-ventilated patients need further investigation.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The route of most systemic diseases begins in the oral cavity. Oral health knowledge of mouthwashes and their uses is indispensable for the general population and especially adolescents. The use of mouthwa...BACKGROUND: The route of most systemic diseases begins in the oral cavity. Oral health knowledge of mouthwashes and their uses is indispensable for the general population and especially adolescents. The use of mouthwash by adolescents can be a beneficial adjunct to their oral hygiene routine, providing additional protection against dental diseases and promoting fresher breath. Overuse or misuse of mouthwash, particularly those containing alcohol or other potentially irritating ingredients, may lead to adverse effects such as oral mucosal irritation, dry mouth, or alteration of the oral microbiome. OBJECTIVES: To determine the knowledge, attitude, and use of mouthwash among senior high school students in Kumasi. METHODOLOGY: 120 students responded to a standard questionnaire by a convenient sample technique. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 and MS Excel were used for data management and analysis. The results of the study were presented using tables, bar charts, and pie chart. RESULTS: The ages of the respondents ranged from 14 to 20 years. Out of the 120 participants, 71 students that represent 59.2% of the total, used mouthwash. Majority of the participants (63%) utilized a mouthwash after brushing their teeth. 49% of the participants reported using mouthwash to address halitosis, 37% used it to combat periodontal disease, and 10% used it for relief from a sore throat. CONCLUSION: In general, most of the participants who use mouthwash had excellent knowledge and a positive attitude toward the use of mouthwash.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of decoction derived from the leaves of Nicotiana tabacum(L.)as a mouthwash on minor recurrent aphthous.METHODS: A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial was co...OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of decoction derived from the leaves of Nicotiana tabacum(L.)as a mouthwash on minor recurrent aphthous.METHODS: A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients with minor recurrent aphthous. Treatment comprised of application of tobacco or placebo mouthwash(10 m L 3 times a day) for 5 days. Clinical evaluation included pain level using a visual analog scale and ulcer size on days 1, 3, and 5 were measured. Adverse effects after mouthwash application were recorded, and the oral mucosa was examined by the investigator at each visit.RESULTS: A total of 54 subjects with the mean age(38 ± 10) years fulfilled the study. No minor and major adverse effects were observed. In the treatment group, ulcer pain score was decreased by 79.2%and 93.8% and ulcer size was reduced by 69.1%and 92.2%(days 3 and 5, respectively), which was significantly greater than the control group(P <0.01).CONCLUSION: The decoction prepared with of Nicotiana tabacum leaves, used as mouthwash are well-tolerated and safe, and can be used for the management of recurrent aphthous.展开更多
We adopted the response surface methodology using single factor and orthogonal experiments to optimize four types of antimicrobial agents that could inhibit biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans, which is commonly...We adopted the response surface methodology using single factor and orthogonal experiments to optimize four types of antimicrobial agents that could inhibit biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans, which is commonly found in the human oral cavity and causes tooth decay. The objective was to improve the function of marine Arthrobacter oxydans KQll dextranase mouthwash （designed and developed by our laboratory）. The experiment was conducted in a three-level, four-variable central composite design to determine the best combination of ZnSO4, lysozyme, citric acid and chitosan. The optimized antibacterial agents were 2.16 g/L ZnSO4, 14 g/L lysozyme, 4.5 g/L citric acid and 5 g/L chitosan. The biofilm formation inhibition reached 84.49%. In addition, microscopic observation of the biofilm was performed using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The optimized formula was tested in marine dextranase Arthrobacter oxydans KQ11 mouthwash and enhanced the inhibition of S. mutans. This work may be promoted for the design and development of future marine dextranase oral care products.展开更多
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the morphology of titanium implant surfaces on dental plaque biofilm formation and the antimicrobial effects of mouthrinses on dental plaque biofilms regarding these...The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the morphology of titanium implant surfaces on dental plaque biofilm formation and the antimicrobial effects of mouthrinses on dental plaque biofilms regarding these titanium surfaces by using an open biofilm model. The average surface roughness(RA) of three types of titanium surfaces(Smooth, hydroxyapatite(HA), sandblast large grit and acid-etching(SLA)) were tested by atomic force microscope(AFM). Subgingival plaques were collected and cultured on titanium surfaces for 4 hours to 2 weeks. After treatment with mouthrinses, characterization of dental plaque biofilms was tested by field-emission SEM(FESEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM). The results of AFM and SEM showed that the surface roughness and biofilm thickness of HA and SLA surfaces were significantly higher than those of smooth surface. In addition, it was revealed that the mouthrinses were effective on the killing of young dental plaque biofilms, while the more mature biofilm(14-day-old) exhibited a stronger resistance to mouthrinses used in this study. In conclusion, the roughness of titanium surfaces can affect the dental plaque biofilm formation and Colgate Plax and Listerine COOL MINT are effective mouthrinses to kill dental plaques at the early stage of biofilm growth on the titanium implant surfaces.展开更多
Oral health is the pathway to one’s general health and wellness. Mouthwash is a product used as an adjunct to oral hygiene practices as an antiseptic and antiplaque and antimicrobial agent. The awareness of using mou...Oral health is the pathway to one’s general health and wellness. Mouthwash is a product used as an adjunct to oral hygiene practices as an antiseptic and antiplaque and antimicrobial agent. The awareness of using mouthwash solution is so limited worldwide. And maybe there’s effect of mouthwash on commensal flora. The aim of this study is to measure the effect of using Mouthwash solution on commensal flora of the oral cavity. In this study, we determined three groups, the first group is considered as a basic group where Female students are not using any mouthwash, the second group used mouthwash twice daily for two weeks, group number three used mouthwash twice weekly. We take cytological sample scraping from oral cavity. All the cytological sections of all groups stained with Papanicolaou stain and examined the slides under the microscope. The study came out with the following results: The basic group that did not use any mouthwash remained unchanged, while the second group, who used mouthwash twice daily, showed a clear epithelial tissue for any bacteria and a clear background. Group number three, who used mouthwash twice a week, showed countable bacteria in epithelial tissue with a clear background. Finally, the study concluded: Cosmetic mouthwash solution has a bad effect on commensal flora if you over used it and leads to killing all your normal flora in oral cavity as much as therapeutic mouthwash will do.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extract of <i>Libidibia ferrea</i> L. (228.022-INPA) and a mouthwash formulation against microorganisms of the dental biofilm. The extract of ...This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extract of <i>Libidibia ferrea</i> L. (228.022-INPA) and a mouthwash formulation against microorganisms of the dental biofilm. The extract of <i>Libidibia ferrea</i> L. was prepared and formulated with an alcohol-free mouthwash. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration—MIC was determined by microdilution and cell viability was evaluated through fluorescence. The MICs for the extract were 4.375 μg/mL (<i>Streptococcus mutans</i>), 3.750 μg/mL (<i>Streptococcus oralis</i>), 4.375 μg/mL (<i>Lactobacillus casei</i>). In contrast, for the mouthwash, the MICs were 6.000 μg/mL (bacteriostatic against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and bactericidal against <i>Streptococcus oralis</i>). In 1.250 μg/mL of the extract, the number of viable cells measured by fluorescence tests was 16.47% and 14.12% for <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Lactobacillus casei</i>, respectively. For the mouthwash (1.000 μg/mL), 20.60% of viable cells for <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, and 9.60% for <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> were observed. It can be concluded that the extract and its mouthwash containig <i>Libidibia ferrea</i> L. showed antibacterial activity against microorganisms from the dental biofilm.展开更多
In recent years, more head and neck cancer patients have been treated with radiotherapy. Radiation-induced mucositis is a common and dose limiting toxicity of radiotherapy among patients with head and neck cancers. Pa...In recent years, more head and neck cancer patients have been treated with radiotherapy. Radiation-induced mucositis is a common and dose limiting toxicity of radiotherapy among patients with head and neck cancers. Patients undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck cancer are also at increased risk of developing oral candidiasis. A number of new agents applied locally or systemically to prevent or treat radiationinduced mucositis have been investigated, but there is no widely accepted prophylactic or effective treatment for mucositis. Topical Aloe vera is widely used for mild sunburn, frostbites, and scalding burns. Studies have reported the beneficial effects of Aloe gel for wound healing, mucous membrane protection, and treatment of oral ulcers, in addition to antiinflammatory, immunomudulation, antifungal, scavenging free radicals, increasing collagen formation and inhibiting collagenase. Herein the author postulates that oral Aloe vera mouthwash may not only prevent radiation-induced mucositis by its wound healing and antiinflammatory mechanism, but also may reduce oral candidiasis of patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy due to its antifungal and immunomodulatory properties. Hence, Aloe vera mouthwash may provide an alternative agent for treating radiation-induced oral mucositis and candidiasis in patients with head and neck cancers.展开更多
基金Supported by a grant from the Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Vice chancellor for research(No.ZUMS.REC.1392.40)。
文摘OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of honey mouthwash 12.5% and chlorhexidine solution 0.2%to reduce the rate of oropharyngeal bacterial colonization in mechanically-ventilated patients.METHODS: This study was a randomized, single blind, phase Ⅲ controlled clinical trial. Sixty patients newly admitted to internal and trauma Intensive Care Units of the two educational hospitals of Sanandaj city affiliated with Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences were selected by convenience sampling and allocated to two groups of 30 patients using random blocks design. In each group,the mouthwash was applied twice a day for four consecutive days. Swab samples were taken from the mouth and throat of all patients three times a day(pre-intervention, two days, and four days after the intervention) and then the samples were transferred onto the blood agar and eosin methylene blue(EMB) culture plates and investigated for bacterial growth and colonization after 24-48 h.RESULTS: The findings showed that oropharyngeal colonization was not significantly different between the two groups, pre-intervention, two days,and four days after the intervention(P > 0.05). Rinsing with honey mouthwash 12.5% led to the inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the fourth day of the intervention in all samples.CONCLUSION: None of the studied solutions contributed to the reduction of oropharyngeal bacterial colonization. It seems that the growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the honey 12.5% mouthwash in mechanically-ventilated patients need further investigation.
文摘BACKGROUND: The route of most systemic diseases begins in the oral cavity. Oral health knowledge of mouthwashes and their uses is indispensable for the general population and especially adolescents. The use of mouthwash by adolescents can be a beneficial adjunct to their oral hygiene routine, providing additional protection against dental diseases and promoting fresher breath. Overuse or misuse of mouthwash, particularly those containing alcohol or other potentially irritating ingredients, may lead to adverse effects such as oral mucosal irritation, dry mouth, or alteration of the oral microbiome. OBJECTIVES: To determine the knowledge, attitude, and use of mouthwash among senior high school students in Kumasi. METHODOLOGY: 120 students responded to a standard questionnaire by a convenient sample technique. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 and MS Excel were used for data management and analysis. The results of the study were presented using tables, bar charts, and pie chart. RESULTS: The ages of the respondents ranged from 14 to 20 years. Out of the 120 participants, 71 students that represent 59.2% of the total, used mouthwash. Majority of the participants (63%) utilized a mouthwash after brushing their teeth. 49% of the participants reported using mouthwash to address halitosis, 37% used it to combat periodontal disease, and 10% used it for relief from a sore throat. CONCLUSION: In general, most of the participants who use mouthwash had excellent knowledge and a positive attitude toward the use of mouthwash.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of decoction derived from the leaves of Nicotiana tabacum(L.)as a mouthwash on minor recurrent aphthous.METHODS: A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients with minor recurrent aphthous. Treatment comprised of application of tobacco or placebo mouthwash(10 m L 3 times a day) for 5 days. Clinical evaluation included pain level using a visual analog scale and ulcer size on days 1, 3, and 5 were measured. Adverse effects after mouthwash application were recorded, and the oral mucosa was examined by the investigator at each visit.RESULTS: A total of 54 subjects with the mean age(38 ± 10) years fulfilled the study. No minor and major adverse effects were observed. In the treatment group, ulcer pain score was decreased by 79.2%and 93.8% and ulcer size was reduced by 69.1%and 92.2%(days 3 and 5, respectively), which was significantly greater than the control group(P <0.01).CONCLUSION: The decoction prepared with of Nicotiana tabacum leaves, used as mouthwash are well-tolerated and safe, and can be used for the management of recurrent aphthous.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.3147171931271929)+2 种基金the Jiangsu Province and Technology Support Program(No.BE2013662)the Lianyungang Fifth“521 High-Level Talent Training Project”the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘We adopted the response surface methodology using single factor and orthogonal experiments to optimize four types of antimicrobial agents that could inhibit biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans, which is commonly found in the human oral cavity and causes tooth decay. The objective was to improve the function of marine Arthrobacter oxydans KQll dextranase mouthwash （designed and developed by our laboratory）. The experiment was conducted in a three-level, four-variable central composite design to determine the best combination of ZnSO4, lysozyme, citric acid and chitosan. The optimized antibacterial agents were 2.16 g/L ZnSO4, 14 g/L lysozyme, 4.5 g/L citric acid and 5 g/L chitosan. The biofilm formation inhibition reached 84.49%. In addition, microscopic observation of the biofilm was performed using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The optimized formula was tested in marine dextranase Arthrobacter oxydans KQ11 mouthwash and enhanced the inhibition of S. mutans. This work may be promoted for the design and development of future marine dextranase oral care products.
基金Funde by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81371170)
文摘The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the morphology of titanium implant surfaces on dental plaque biofilm formation and the antimicrobial effects of mouthrinses on dental plaque biofilms regarding these titanium surfaces by using an open biofilm model. The average surface roughness(RA) of three types of titanium surfaces(Smooth, hydroxyapatite(HA), sandblast large grit and acid-etching(SLA)) were tested by atomic force microscope(AFM). Subgingival plaques were collected and cultured on titanium surfaces for 4 hours to 2 weeks. After treatment with mouthrinses, characterization of dental plaque biofilms was tested by field-emission SEM(FESEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM). The results of AFM and SEM showed that the surface roughness and biofilm thickness of HA and SLA surfaces were significantly higher than those of smooth surface. In addition, it was revealed that the mouthrinses were effective on the killing of young dental plaque biofilms, while the more mature biofilm(14-day-old) exhibited a stronger resistance to mouthrinses used in this study. In conclusion, the roughness of titanium surfaces can affect the dental plaque biofilm formation and Colgate Plax and Listerine COOL MINT are effective mouthrinses to kill dental plaques at the early stage of biofilm growth on the titanium implant surfaces.
文摘Oral health is the pathway to one’s general health and wellness. Mouthwash is a product used as an adjunct to oral hygiene practices as an antiseptic and antiplaque and antimicrobial agent. The awareness of using mouthwash solution is so limited worldwide. And maybe there’s effect of mouthwash on commensal flora. The aim of this study is to measure the effect of using Mouthwash solution on commensal flora of the oral cavity. In this study, we determined three groups, the first group is considered as a basic group where Female students are not using any mouthwash, the second group used mouthwash twice daily for two weeks, group number three used mouthwash twice weekly. We take cytological sample scraping from oral cavity. All the cytological sections of all groups stained with Papanicolaou stain and examined the slides under the microscope. The study came out with the following results: The basic group that did not use any mouthwash remained unchanged, while the second group, who used mouthwash twice daily, showed a clear epithelial tissue for any bacteria and a clear background. Group number three, who used mouthwash twice a week, showed countable bacteria in epithelial tissue with a clear background. Finally, the study concluded: Cosmetic mouthwash solution has a bad effect on commensal flora if you over used it and leads to killing all your normal flora in oral cavity as much as therapeutic mouthwash will do.
文摘This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extract of <i>Libidibia ferrea</i> L. (228.022-INPA) and a mouthwash formulation against microorganisms of the dental biofilm. The extract of <i>Libidibia ferrea</i> L. was prepared and formulated with an alcohol-free mouthwash. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration—MIC was determined by microdilution and cell viability was evaluated through fluorescence. The MICs for the extract were 4.375 μg/mL (<i>Streptococcus mutans</i>), 3.750 μg/mL (<i>Streptococcus oralis</i>), 4.375 μg/mL (<i>Lactobacillus casei</i>). In contrast, for the mouthwash, the MICs were 6.000 μg/mL (bacteriostatic against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and bactericidal against <i>Streptococcus oralis</i>). In 1.250 μg/mL of the extract, the number of viable cells measured by fluorescence tests was 16.47% and 14.12% for <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Lactobacillus casei</i>, respectively. For the mouthwash (1.000 μg/mL), 20.60% of viable cells for <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, and 9.60% for <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> were observed. It can be concluded that the extract and its mouthwash containig <i>Libidibia ferrea</i> L. showed antibacterial activity against microorganisms from the dental biofilm.
文摘In recent years, more head and neck cancer patients have been treated with radiotherapy. Radiation-induced mucositis is a common and dose limiting toxicity of radiotherapy among patients with head and neck cancers. Patients undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck cancer are also at increased risk of developing oral candidiasis. A number of new agents applied locally or systemically to prevent or treat radiationinduced mucositis have been investigated, but there is no widely accepted prophylactic or effective treatment for mucositis. Topical Aloe vera is widely used for mild sunburn, frostbites, and scalding burns. Studies have reported the beneficial effects of Aloe gel for wound healing, mucous membrane protection, and treatment of oral ulcers, in addition to antiinflammatory, immunomudulation, antifungal, scavenging free radicals, increasing collagen formation and inhibiting collagenase. Herein the author postulates that oral Aloe vera mouthwash may not only prevent radiation-induced mucositis by its wound healing and antiinflammatory mechanism, but also may reduce oral candidiasis of patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy due to its antifungal and immunomodulatory properties. Hence, Aloe vera mouthwash may provide an alternative agent for treating radiation-induced oral mucositis and candidiasis in patients with head and neck cancers.
