Yan Zhengzai,the mother of Confucius,visited Niqiu(Mount Ni),and fervently pleaded for a son.Yan gave birth to Confucius the following year(551 B.C.).Because of a concavity on the top of his skull at birth that resemb...Yan Zhengzai,the mother of Confucius,visited Niqiu(Mount Ni),and fervently pleaded for a son.Yan gave birth to Confucius the following year(551 B.C.).Because of a concavity on the top of his skull at birth that resembled the sacred mountain,Confucius was given the personal name Qiu(meaning“hill”)and the style name Zhongni.展开更多
Same-sex mounts provide male juvenile golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana)with opportunities to practice heterosexual copulatory skills and are often followed by grooming(post-mounting grooming,PMG).We h...Same-sex mounts provide male juvenile golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana)with opportunities to practice heterosexual copulatory skills and are often followed by grooming(post-mounting grooming,PMG).We hypothesized that juveniles acted as the mountee and provided mounting opportunities to receive grooming from their peer mounter.Here,we observed same-sex mounts among male juveniles(N=5)in a captive group of R.roxellana in Shanghai Wild Animal Park,China,from November 2014 to June 2015.Among 1,044 mounts recorded,45.40% were accompanied by PMG initiated by the mounter and only 3.74% were followed by PMG initiated by the mountee.Mountees were more likely to receive PMG when they performed a mounting solicitation than when they did not,or when they were mounted for a longer time(even if they did not solicit).Over a long timeframe(1 month),mountee’s tended to choose partners who groomed them more often than others after mounting,regardless of how long the grooming lasted.However,whether the mounter groomed the mountee did not predict the mounting direction in their subsequent mount.Our results suggest that,in the context of same-sex mounts,juveniles provide mounting opportunities to receive grooming from peers on a long-term,rather than on a short-term basis.This study provides the first evidence that juveniles’same-sex mounting strategy may be associated with the grooming market in nonhuman primates,which necessitates further investigation with large free-ranging groups due to the limited sample size of individuals and the captive setting of the current study.展开更多
Over the past decades,the expansion of natu-ral secondary forests has played a crucial role in offsetting the loss of primary forests and combating climate change.Despite this,there is a gap in our understanding of ho...Over the past decades,the expansion of natu-ral secondary forests has played a crucial role in offsetting the loss of primary forests and combating climate change.Despite this,there is a gap in our understanding of how tree species’growth and mortality patterns vary with eleva-tion in these secondary forests.In this study,we analyzed data from two censuses(spanning a five-year interval)conducted in both evergreen broadleaved forests(EBF)and temperate coniferous forests(TCF),which have been recovering for half a century,across elevation gradients in a subtropical mountain region,Mount Wuyi,China.The results indicated that the relative growth rate(RGR)of EBF(0.028±0.001 cm·cm^(-1)·a^(-1))and the mortality rate(MR)(20.03%±1.70%)were 27.3%and 16.4%higher,respec-tively,than those of TCF.Interestingly,the trade-off between RGR and MR in EBF weakened as elevation increased,a trend not observed in TCF.Conversely,TCF consistently showed a stronger trade-off between RGR and MR compared to EBF.Generalized linear mixed models revealed that ele-vation influences RGR both directly and indirectly through its interactions with slope,crown competition index(CCI),and tree canopy height(CH).However,tree mortality did not show a significant correlation with elevation.Additionally,DBH significantly influenced both tree growth and mortal-ity,whereas and CH and CCI had opposite effects on tree growth between EBF and TCF.Our study underscores the importance of elevation in shaping the population dynamics and the biomass carbon sink balance of mountain forests.These insights enhance our understanding of tree species’life strategies,enabling more accurate predictions of forest dynamics and their response to environmental changes.展开更多
Soil development may be impacted by periglacial processes that take place in regions where freezing and thawing episodes predominate.Mount Ilgar(2918 m a.s.l.)is a volcanic mass located on the Lesser Caucasus(4090 m a...Soil development may be impacted by periglacial processes that take place in regions where freezing and thawing episodes predominate.Mount Ilgar(2918 m a.s.l.)is a volcanic mass located on the Lesser Caucasus(4090 m a.s.l.).The objectives of this study were to assess how climate influenced the formation of periglacial landforms in Mount Ilgar,identify the morphological characteristics of each patterned ground by periglacial landforms,and investigate the pedological processes,physicochemical,biological,and mineralogical characteristics of the soils that developed on each of them.Non-sorted steps,mud circles,and stony earth circles are examples of periglacial landforms found on the slopes of the hills?küzkoku(2804 m a.s.l.)and Misikan(2674 m a.s.l.)to the north of Mount Ilgar.In terms of soil physical characteristics,the average aggregate stability and clay content of soils created on non-sorted steps are 43.52%and 8.9%,respectively;these values,however,rise dramatically in soils formed on mud circles and stony earth circles.Chemically,the soils generated on the mud and stony earth circles have lower pH values than the soils formed on the non-sorted steps,but they have higher levels of organic matter.The microbial biomass carbon and basal respiration values of the soils generated on mud circles and stony earth circles are high due to the low pH values and high organic matter contents of these soils,which also have an impact on biological activity.The rate at which soils weather is also influenced by variations in their physical,chemical,and biological characteristics.It is found that the quartz mineral is more prevalent in the soils developed on mud circles landforms,despite the fact that the distribution of the basic clay minerals in the soils is essentially the same.Additionally,smectite clay minerals with a 2:1 layer are present,according to clay mineral analysis,especially in soils that are produced from mud circle formations.One may argue that the influence of local microtopographic landforms on soil formations were the primary cause of the differences in soils on periglacial landforms developed on identical geological material and at similar elevations.展开更多
Aerosol category and its physicochemical properties are key factors influencing its climate and environmental effects.To further enhance our understanding of aerosols in the Himalayas-Tibetan Plateau region,atmospheri...Aerosol category and its physicochemical properties are key factors influencing its climate and environmental effects.To further enhance our understanding of aerosols in the Himalayas-Tibetan Plateau region,atmospheric particulate matter samples were collected at three different altitudes on Mount Qomolangma(Everest).Using an automated scanning electron microscope system,the composition,size,and morphology of 52,349 particles were analyzed.The average mass concentrations of PM_(1),PM_(2.5),and PM_(10)were 0.678,5.054,and 16.698μg/m^(3),respectively.Aluminosilicate particles dominated the samples,accounting for 71.5%to 82.8%of PM_(10)mass and 34.7%to 62.4%of the particle number.Quartz particles,carbonate particles,metal oxides,and sulfates were also observed at different periods.Carbonaceous particles made up a significant portion of aerosols,comprising 2.1%to 9.7%of PM_(10)mass and 10.4%to 45.4%of particle number,with their concentration showing an upward trend with altitude.Small amounts of tar ball particles and fly ash particles were also observed,providing direct evidence of anthropogenic influences on high-altitude regions,even at altitudes exceeding 6000 m.The size distribution and abundance of different particle categories were closely related to the transport trajectories of air masses.The morphology of different particle categories varied,with fly ash particles mainly spherical and carbonaceous particles exhibiting higher irregularity.展开更多
Mount Tai Scenic Area has achieved certain results in the construction of accessible tourism facilities,realizing the exploration of digital and intelligent transformation in traditional mountain scenic areas.In this ...Mount Tai Scenic Area has achieved certain results in the construction of accessible tourism facilities,realizing the exploration of digital and intelligent transformation in traditional mountain scenic areas.In this study,using questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews,the development of accessible tourism in Mount Tai Scenic Area was investigated and analyzed.Some countermeasures were put forward,including strengthening information guidance services,enhancing awareness and skills in accessibility services,improving feedback mechanisms for continuous refinement,and strengthening collaborations in the fields of the disabled and accessibility development,aiming to further promote humanistic care and enhance service satisfaction at the scenic area.展开更多
This study presents a drone-based aerial imaging method for automated rice seedling detection and counting in paddy fields.Utilizing a drone equipped with a high-resolution camera,images are captured 14 days postsowin...This study presents a drone-based aerial imaging method for automated rice seedling detection and counting in paddy fields.Utilizing a drone equipped with a high-resolution camera,images are captured 14 days postsowing at a consistent altitude of six meters,employing autonomous flight for uniform data acquisition.The approach effectively addresses the distinct growth patterns of both single and clustered rice seedlings at this early stage.The methodology follows a two-step process:first,the GoogleNet deep learning network identifies the location and center points of rice plants.Then,the U-Net deep learning network performs classification and counting of individual plants and clusters.This combination of deep learning models achieved a 90%accuracy rate in classifying and counting both single and clustered seedlings.To validate the method’s effectiveness,results were compared against traditional manual counting conducted by agricultural experts.The comparison revealed minimal discrepancies,with a variance of only 2–4 clumps per square meter,confirming the reliability of the proposed method.This automated approach offers significant benefits by providing an efficient,accurate,and scalable solution for monitoring seedling growth.It enables farmers to optimize fertilizer and pesticide application,improve resource allocation,and enhance overall crop management,ultimately contributing to increased agricultural productivity.展开更多
By investigating the ecotone between Mount Tai Scenic Area and downtown area of Tai'an City,the characteristics of such an ecotone are analyzed,serious problems brought by the over-urbanization to local natural en...By investigating the ecotone between Mount Tai Scenic Area and downtown area of Tai'an City,the characteristics of such an ecotone are analyzed,serious problems brought by the over-urbanization to local natural environment,such as destruction of eco-environment,aggravated pollution and degradation of mountainous landscape resources are studied.Then countermeasures for the harmonious development of the ecotone are proposed to better promote the coordinated development of cities and mountainous scenic areas.展开更多
The subeconomic Mount Novit Zn-Pb-Ag deposit is located approximately 20 km south of Mount Isa,Queensland.In contrast to the nearby Mount Isa,Hilton and George Fisher Zn-Pb-Ag deposits,mineralisation at Mount Novit is...The subeconomic Mount Novit Zn-Pb-Ag deposit is located approximately 20 km south of Mount Isa,Queensland.In contrast to the nearby Mount Isa,Hilton and George Fisher Zn-Pb-Ag deposits,mineralisation at Mount Novit is situated to the west of the regional-scale Mount Isa Fault and is hosted in the Moondarra Siltstone as opposed to the Urquhart Shale.Lower-grade(<4 wt.%Zn+Pb)Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation primarily replaces pre-existing carbonate alteration and veining and consists of pyrrhotite,pyrite and sphalerite with lesser galena.Higher-grade(>10 wt.%Zn+Pb)mineralisation occurs as a matrix supported breccia dominated by sphalerite and pyrrhotite with galena,pyrite,and magnetite.In-situ U-Pb geochronology was completed on apatite and two textural varieties of monazite.Fine-grained(<50μm)subhedral to anhedral monazite is located within highly foliated biotite alteration directly adjacent Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation and yields a mean weighted^(207)Pb/^(206)Pb age of 1527±18 Ma(MSWD=1.06).This age is consistent with the formation of highly foliated biotite alteration during D;deformation of the Isan Orogeny.Apatite from the same fabric yields a lower intercept age of1443±29 Ma(MSWD=1.30).Consistent with previous studies,this age is interpreted to represent the age of a major thrusting event along the Mount Isa Fault that resulted in the cooling of the Mount Novit area below~375℃.Coarse-grained monazite is coeval with Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation and yields a mean weighted^(207)Pb/^(206)Pb age of 1457±11 Ma(MSWD=0.28).Sphalerite from Mount Novit has low concentrations(<1 ppm)of Ge and Ga and a relatively high concentration of In(5 to>10 ppm),possibly reflecting the leaching of the metals from an underlying basement unit.The GGIMFis geothermometer(Frenzel et al.,2016)produced a mean formation temperature of 345±52℃.The timing and temperature of Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation is consistent with the age and cooling temperature of apatite presented in this study.Based on these correlations,we suggest that Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation at Mount Novit was emplaced during an episode of major thrusting along the Mount Isa Fault,with the precipitation of Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation driven by the cooling of the Mount Novit area below~375℃.A key implication of this study is a new model for synorogenic Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation to the south of Mount Isa,which contrasts with the widely accepted regional-scale syngenetic metallogenic model.展开更多
In order to evaluate the ride quality of the soil compactor cab supplemented by the auxiliary hydraulic mounts (AHM), a nonlinear dynamic model of the soil compactor interacting with the off-road deformable terrain is...In order to evaluate the ride quality of the soil compactor cab supplemented by the auxiliary hydraulic mounts (AHM), a nonlinear dynamic model of the soil compactor interacting with the off-road deformable terrain is established based on Matlab/Simulink sofware. The power spectral density (PSD) and the weighted root mean square (RMS) of acceleration responses of the vertical driver s seat, the cab s pitch and roll angle are chosen as objective functions in low-frequency range. Experimental investigation is also used to verify the accuracy of the model. The influence of the damping coefficients of the AHM on the cab s ride quality is analyzed, and damping coefficients are then optimized via a genetic algorithm program. The research results show that the cab s rubber mounts added by the AHM clearly improve the ride quality under various operating conditions. Particularly, with the optimal damping coefficients of the front-end mounts c a 1,2 = 1 500 N · s/m and of the rear-end mounts c a 3,4 =2 335 N · s/m, the weighted RMS values of the driver s seat, the cab s pitch and roll angle are reduced by 22.2%, 18.8%, 58.7%, respectively. Under the condition of the vehicle travelling, with the optimal damping coefficients of c a 1,2 = 1 500 N · s/m and c a 3,4 =1 882 N · s/m, the maximum PSD values of the driver s seat, the cab s pitch and roll angle are clearly decreased by 36.7%, 54.7% and 50.6% under the condition of the vehicle working.展开更多
This paper described the main four basic models of ideal landscape in the Mount Lushan National Park as Kunlunshan model, Xumishan model, Peach flower land model, Christian model. Five typical places in Mount Lushan w...This paper described the main four basic models of ideal landscape in the Mount Lushan National Park as Kunlunshan model, Xumishan model, Peach flower land model, Christian model. Five typical places in Mount Lushan with the ideal landscape characteristics like the East Grove Temple, White Deer Cave Academy, Simplicity and Tranquility Monastery, Lushan Valley, and Villa-cluster of the East Valley were analyzed, and the integration of the basic models for each place was discussed to make the realistic landscape conform to the ideal needs. Moreover, the discussions also involved the characteristics of ideal landscape that are featured in resource, culture, structure, function, process, scale and region. In conclusion, ideal landscape in the Mount Lushan National Park was the product of the interaction between human and nature. Mount Lushan inherits the essence of Chinese traditional culture with a history of more than 1000 years; and it also absorbs the manna of the Western culture as well as the exchanges between nature and humanities together with the conflict and adaptation among different cultures. The natural landscape could be satisfied with the survival demand and cultural taste of mankind by the way of ecological planning.展开更多
Using magnetorheological (MR) fluids in hydraulic engine mount for damping vehicle noise and vibration is opposed firstly, the structure of passive type and its mechanical model are described. The analysis of the expe...Using magnetorheological (MR) fluids in hydraulic engine mount for damping vehicle noise and vibration is opposed firstly, the structure of passive type and its mechanical model are described. The analysis of the experimental data show that the dynamic characteristics of MR mount such as dynamic stiffness and loss angles vary distinctly as the excitation frequency, and MR fluids as one type of attracting controllable fluids are fit for hydraulic engine mounts. The author advises to work out potentialities of MR fluids, the semi control or active control MR fluids filled hydraulic engine mount must be developed.展开更多
Aesthetic value,scientific research value and ecological protection value of world heritage in Mount Longhu,Jiangxi Province was analyzed.And the urgency of protecting Danxia landform was clarified from the perspectiv...Aesthetic value,scientific research value and ecological protection value of world heritage in Mount Longhu,Jiangxi Province was analyzed.And the urgency of protecting Danxia landform was clarified from the perspective of influence brought by tourism development,population explosion,economic development and natural disasters.Planning and management agencies and relevant policy support for the safeguarding of world heritage in Mount Longhu,Jiangxi Province were expounded,as well as protective strategies for different zones and grades according to their scientific research value and protection value.Training for the protection and management of Mount Longhu,and local residents' participation in the training were introduced.Finally,suggestions for the heritage protection in Mount Longhu were given:project construction and management should be stressed,operation activities standardized,ticket management for the Longhu World Heritage improved,and the sustainable development persisted in.展开更多
In this paper,the metal hydraulic engine mount (HEM) with the orifice is presented,the construction of HEM is consist of hydraulic cylinder and the spring on the bottom,its mechanical model is given and dynamics equat...In this paper,the metal hydraulic engine mount (HEM) with the orifice is presented,the construction of HEM is consist of hydraulic cylinder and the spring on the bottom,its mechanical model is given and dynamics equations are set up with considering kinematics conditions and continuous of fluid,the dynamics behavior of HEM including dynamic stiffness of fluid and transferability of HEM are studied here.The example of hydraulic engine mount is calculated,it is shown that the vibration reduction performance of the hydraulic engine mount of this paper is better.The analysis method of vibration reduction behavior for HEM in this paper can be used in designing of the reduction vibration devices and the HEM in this paper can be used in the practical engineering for reduction vibration.展开更多
According to observational daily temperature data from the meteorological stations during 1971-2020,the variations of the extreme temperature event in the Mount Qomolangma(also known as Mount Everest) region in China ...According to observational daily temperature data from the meteorological stations during 1971-2020,the variations of the extreme temperature event in the Mount Qomolangma(also known as Mount Everest) region in China have been analyzed using statistical methods.The extreme temperature indices recommended by the World Meteorological Organization are selected to describe the extreme temperature event.The RClimDEX 1.0 software is used to calculate the extreme temperature indices.There are no tropical nights,and just three summer days at the last 50 years.The frost days are the main extreme temperature events all year round.The temperature in the north slope is more extreme than that in the south slope of the Mount Qomolangma.There is remarkable decadal variation for the extreme temperature indices except diurnal temperature range.There are the warm extremes increasing,however,the cold extremes decreasing with the decadal lapse,which is more remarkable into the 21^(th) century.The tendencies for the extreme temperature indices in the north slope are consistent with those in the south slope.There are statistically significant trends for most extreme temperature indices during the study period.It shows that the warm extremes would be more prominent in the future with the global continued warming.The abrupt changes of the extreme temperature index have occurred mainly in the 20^(th) century especially from the mid to late 1980s and 1990s.The periodic changes in the south slope do not synchronize those in the north slope for the most extreme temperature indices.It is different for most extreme temperature indices between the south and north slope,which has demonstrated that the regional or local changes are not neglectable for extreme temperature research.The results of this study are also the consistent response of extreme temperature event to the global warming.展开更多
With the rapid development of network technology,education informatization has become an inevitable trend in education reform and development.An important aspect of information teaching is the effective integration of...With the rapid development of network technology,education informatization has become an inevitable trend in education reform and development.An important aspect of information teaching is the effective integration of information technology and course teaching.On the basis of fully understanding and considering the learning needs of students,we should clarify the teaching goals of mountain tourism resources,integrate relevant teaching content,select appropriate information teaching strategies and methods,and achieve the optimization of teaching effects,so that students can really effectively play the role of the main body in teaching.In the teaching process of mountain tourism resources,the use of information-based teaching methods is not the more the better,but an effective combination of corresponding information teaching methods should be explored instead,such as learning the formation of Mount Tai through 3D animation,learning the lithology of Mount Tai through VR,etc.,so that not only can students learn easily and efficiently,but the workload of teachers can be reduced as well.展开更多
文摘Yan Zhengzai,the mother of Confucius,visited Niqiu(Mount Ni),and fervently pleaded for a son.Yan gave birth to Confucius the following year(551 B.C.).Because of a concavity on the top of his skull at birth that resembled the sacred mountain,Confucius was given the personal name Qiu(meaning“hill”)and the style name Zhongni.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901083,31872250,and 31401985)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M663796).
文摘Same-sex mounts provide male juvenile golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana)with opportunities to practice heterosexual copulatory skills and are often followed by grooming(post-mounting grooming,PMG).We hypothesized that juveniles acted as the mountee and provided mounting opportunities to receive grooming from their peer mounter.Here,we observed same-sex mounts among male juveniles(N=5)in a captive group of R.roxellana in Shanghai Wild Animal Park,China,from November 2014 to June 2015.Among 1,044 mounts recorded,45.40% were accompanied by PMG initiated by the mounter and only 3.74% were followed by PMG initiated by the mountee.Mountees were more likely to receive PMG when they performed a mounting solicitation than when they did not,or when they were mounted for a longer time(even if they did not solicit).Over a long timeframe(1 month),mountee’s tended to choose partners who groomed them more often than others after mounting,regardless of how long the grooming lasted.However,whether the mounter groomed the mountee did not predict the mounting direction in their subsequent mount.Our results suggest that,in the context of same-sex mounts,juveniles provide mounting opportunities to receive grooming from peers on a long-term,rather than on a short-term basis.This study provides the first evidence that juveniles’same-sex mounting strategy may be associated with the grooming market in nonhuman primates,which necessitates further investigation with large free-ranging groups due to the limited sample size of individuals and the captive setting of the current study.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32271872).
文摘Over the past decades,the expansion of natu-ral secondary forests has played a crucial role in offsetting the loss of primary forests and combating climate change.Despite this,there is a gap in our understanding of how tree species’growth and mortality patterns vary with eleva-tion in these secondary forests.In this study,we analyzed data from two censuses(spanning a five-year interval)conducted in both evergreen broadleaved forests(EBF)and temperate coniferous forests(TCF),which have been recovering for half a century,across elevation gradients in a subtropical mountain region,Mount Wuyi,China.The results indicated that the relative growth rate(RGR)of EBF(0.028±0.001 cm·cm^(-1)·a^(-1))and the mortality rate(MR)(20.03%±1.70%)were 27.3%and 16.4%higher,respec-tively,than those of TCF.Interestingly,the trade-off between RGR and MR in EBF weakened as elevation increased,a trend not observed in TCF.Conversely,TCF consistently showed a stronger trade-off between RGR and MR compared to EBF.Generalized linear mixed models revealed that ele-vation influences RGR both directly and indirectly through its interactions with slope,crown competition index(CCI),and tree canopy height(CH).However,tree mortality did not show a significant correlation with elevation.Additionally,DBH significantly influenced both tree growth and mortal-ity,whereas and CH and CCI had opposite effects on tree growth between EBF and TCF.Our study underscores the importance of elevation in shaping the population dynamics and the biomass carbon sink balance of mountain forests.These insights enhance our understanding of tree species’life strategies,enabling more accurate predictions of forest dynamics and their response to environmental changes.
基金supported by Ardahan University,Scientific Research Projects Office(Project No:2020-001)。
文摘Soil development may be impacted by periglacial processes that take place in regions where freezing and thawing episodes predominate.Mount Ilgar(2918 m a.s.l.)is a volcanic mass located on the Lesser Caucasus(4090 m a.s.l.).The objectives of this study were to assess how climate influenced the formation of periglacial landforms in Mount Ilgar,identify the morphological characteristics of each patterned ground by periglacial landforms,and investigate the pedological processes,physicochemical,biological,and mineralogical characteristics of the soils that developed on each of them.Non-sorted steps,mud circles,and stony earth circles are examples of periglacial landforms found on the slopes of the hills?küzkoku(2804 m a.s.l.)and Misikan(2674 m a.s.l.)to the north of Mount Ilgar.In terms of soil physical characteristics,the average aggregate stability and clay content of soils created on non-sorted steps are 43.52%and 8.9%,respectively;these values,however,rise dramatically in soils formed on mud circles and stony earth circles.Chemically,the soils generated on the mud and stony earth circles have lower pH values than the soils formed on the non-sorted steps,but they have higher levels of organic matter.The microbial biomass carbon and basal respiration values of the soils generated on mud circles and stony earth circles are high due to the low pH values and high organic matter contents of these soils,which also have an impact on biological activity.The rate at which soils weather is also influenced by variations in their physical,chemical,and biological characteristics.It is found that the quartz mineral is more prevalent in the soils developed on mud circles landforms,despite the fact that the distribution of the basic clay minerals in the soils is essentially the same.Additionally,smectite clay minerals with a 2:1 layer are present,according to clay mineral analysis,especially in soils that are produced from mud circle formations.One may argue that the influence of local microtopographic landforms on soil formations were the primary cause of the differences in soils on periglacial landforms developed on identical geological material and at similar elevations.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(No.2019QZKK0106)the Basic Research Fund of CAMS(Nos.2023Z004 and 2023Z015).
文摘Aerosol category and its physicochemical properties are key factors influencing its climate and environmental effects.To further enhance our understanding of aerosols in the Himalayas-Tibetan Plateau region,atmospheric particulate matter samples were collected at three different altitudes on Mount Qomolangma(Everest).Using an automated scanning electron microscope system,the composition,size,and morphology of 52,349 particles were analyzed.The average mass concentrations of PM_(1),PM_(2.5),and PM_(10)were 0.678,5.054,and 16.698μg/m^(3),respectively.Aluminosilicate particles dominated the samples,accounting for 71.5%to 82.8%of PM_(10)mass and 34.7%to 62.4%of the particle number.Quartz particles,carbonate particles,metal oxides,and sulfates were also observed at different periods.Carbonaceous particles made up a significant portion of aerosols,comprising 2.1%to 9.7%of PM_(10)mass and 10.4%to 45.4%of particle number,with their concentration showing an upward trend with altitude.Small amounts of tar ball particles and fly ash particles were also observed,providing direct evidence of anthropogenic influences on high-altitude regions,even at altitudes exceeding 6000 m.The size distribution and abundance of different particle categories were closely related to the transport trajectories of air masses.The morphology of different particle categories varied,with fly ash particles mainly spherical and carbonaceous particles exhibiting higher irregularity.
基金Sponsored by Tai’an Science and Technology Innovation Development Project(Policy Guidance Category)(2024ZC042)Research Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for the Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics(2024ZZB018).
文摘Mount Tai Scenic Area has achieved certain results in the construction of accessible tourism facilities,realizing the exploration of digital and intelligent transformation in traditional mountain scenic areas.In this study,using questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews,the development of accessible tourism in Mount Tai Scenic Area was investigated and analyzed.Some countermeasures were put forward,including strengthening information guidance services,enhancing awareness and skills in accessibility services,improving feedback mechanisms for continuous refinement,and strengthening collaborations in the fields of the disabled and accessibility development,aiming to further promote humanistic care and enhance service satisfaction at the scenic area.
基金funded by the Ministry of Education and Training Project(code number:B2023-TCT-08).
文摘This study presents a drone-based aerial imaging method for automated rice seedling detection and counting in paddy fields.Utilizing a drone equipped with a high-resolution camera,images are captured 14 days postsowing at a consistent altitude of six meters,employing autonomous flight for uniform data acquisition.The approach effectively addresses the distinct growth patterns of both single and clustered rice seedlings at this early stage.The methodology follows a two-step process:first,the GoogleNet deep learning network identifies the location and center points of rice plants.Then,the U-Net deep learning network performs classification and counting of individual plants and clusters.This combination of deep learning models achieved a 90%accuracy rate in classifying and counting both single and clustered seedlings.To validate the method’s effectiveness,results were compared against traditional manual counting conducted by agricultural experts.The comparison revealed minimal discrepancies,with a variance of only 2–4 clumps per square meter,confirming the reliability of the proposed method.This automated approach offers significant benefits by providing an efficient,accurate,and scalable solution for monitoring seedling growth.It enables farmers to optimize fertilizer and pesticide application,improve resource allocation,and enhance overall crop management,ultimately contributing to increased agricultural productivity.
基金Sponsored by Tai'an Municipal Scientific and Technological Development Project (20085002)~~
文摘By investigating the ecotone between Mount Tai Scenic Area and downtown area of Tai'an City,the characteristics of such an ecotone are analyzed,serious problems brought by the over-urbanization to local natural environment,such as destruction of eco-environment,aggravated pollution and degradation of mountainous landscape resources are studied.Then countermeasures for the harmonious development of the ecotone are proposed to better promote the coordinated development of cities and mountainous scenic areas.
基金supported by the Australian Government Research Training Programfunded by Mount Isa MinesDa Glencore Company and forms part of the Mount Isa Research for Geology and Exploration(MIRGE)project。
文摘The subeconomic Mount Novit Zn-Pb-Ag deposit is located approximately 20 km south of Mount Isa,Queensland.In contrast to the nearby Mount Isa,Hilton and George Fisher Zn-Pb-Ag deposits,mineralisation at Mount Novit is situated to the west of the regional-scale Mount Isa Fault and is hosted in the Moondarra Siltstone as opposed to the Urquhart Shale.Lower-grade(<4 wt.%Zn+Pb)Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation primarily replaces pre-existing carbonate alteration and veining and consists of pyrrhotite,pyrite and sphalerite with lesser galena.Higher-grade(>10 wt.%Zn+Pb)mineralisation occurs as a matrix supported breccia dominated by sphalerite and pyrrhotite with galena,pyrite,and magnetite.In-situ U-Pb geochronology was completed on apatite and two textural varieties of monazite.Fine-grained(<50μm)subhedral to anhedral monazite is located within highly foliated biotite alteration directly adjacent Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation and yields a mean weighted^(207)Pb/^(206)Pb age of 1527±18 Ma(MSWD=1.06).This age is consistent with the formation of highly foliated biotite alteration during D;deformation of the Isan Orogeny.Apatite from the same fabric yields a lower intercept age of1443±29 Ma(MSWD=1.30).Consistent with previous studies,this age is interpreted to represent the age of a major thrusting event along the Mount Isa Fault that resulted in the cooling of the Mount Novit area below~375℃.Coarse-grained monazite is coeval with Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation and yields a mean weighted^(207)Pb/^(206)Pb age of 1457±11 Ma(MSWD=0.28).Sphalerite from Mount Novit has low concentrations(<1 ppm)of Ge and Ga and a relatively high concentration of In(5 to>10 ppm),possibly reflecting the leaching of the metals from an underlying basement unit.The GGIMFis geothermometer(Frenzel et al.,2016)produced a mean formation temperature of 345±52℃.The timing and temperature of Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation is consistent with the age and cooling temperature of apatite presented in this study.Based on these correlations,we suggest that Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation at Mount Novit was emplaced during an episode of major thrusting along the Mount Isa Fault,with the precipitation of Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation driven by the cooling of the Mount Novit area below~375℃.A key implication of this study is a new model for synorogenic Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation to the south of Mount Isa,which contrasts with the widely accepted regional-scale syngenetic metallogenic model.
基金The Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2014133)the Prospective Joint Research Program of Jiangsu Province(No.BY2014127-01)
文摘In order to evaluate the ride quality of the soil compactor cab supplemented by the auxiliary hydraulic mounts (AHM), a nonlinear dynamic model of the soil compactor interacting with the off-road deformable terrain is established based on Matlab/Simulink sofware. The power spectral density (PSD) and the weighted root mean square (RMS) of acceleration responses of the vertical driver s seat, the cab s pitch and roll angle are chosen as objective functions in low-frequency range. Experimental investigation is also used to verify the accuracy of the model. The influence of the damping coefficients of the AHM on the cab s ride quality is analyzed, and damping coefficients are then optimized via a genetic algorithm program. The research results show that the cab s rubber mounts added by the AHM clearly improve the ride quality under various operating conditions. Particularly, with the optimal damping coefficients of the front-end mounts c a 1,2 = 1 500 N · s/m and of the rear-end mounts c a 3,4 =2 335 N · s/m, the weighted RMS values of the driver s seat, the cab s pitch and roll angle are reduced by 22.2%, 18.8%, 58.7%, respectively. Under the condition of the vehicle travelling, with the optimal damping coefficients of c a 1,2 = 1 500 N · s/m and c a 3,4 =1 882 N · s/m, the maximum PSD values of the driver s seat, the cab s pitch and roll angle are clearly decreased by 36.7%, 54.7% and 50.6% under the condition of the vehicle working.
基金supported by "Cities Farming for the Future, RUAF-CFF"funded by DGIS of the Netherlands and IDRC of Canada+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (70503007)the Graduate’s Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincethe Graduate’s Scientific Research Foundation of Central South University of Forestry and Technology (2006bx03)
文摘This paper described the main four basic models of ideal landscape in the Mount Lushan National Park as Kunlunshan model, Xumishan model, Peach flower land model, Christian model. Five typical places in Mount Lushan with the ideal landscape characteristics like the East Grove Temple, White Deer Cave Academy, Simplicity and Tranquility Monastery, Lushan Valley, and Villa-cluster of the East Valley were analyzed, and the integration of the basic models for each place was discussed to make the realistic landscape conform to the ideal needs. Moreover, the discussions also involved the characteristics of ideal landscape that are featured in resource, culture, structure, function, process, scale and region. In conclusion, ideal landscape in the Mount Lushan National Park was the product of the interaction between human and nature. Mount Lushan inherits the essence of Chinese traditional culture with a history of more than 1000 years; and it also absorbs the manna of the Western culture as well as the exchanges between nature and humanities together with the conflict and adaptation among different cultures. The natural landscape could be satisfied with the survival demand and cultural taste of mankind by the way of ecological planning.
文摘Using magnetorheological (MR) fluids in hydraulic engine mount for damping vehicle noise and vibration is opposed firstly, the structure of passive type and its mechanical model are described. The analysis of the experimental data show that the dynamic characteristics of MR mount such as dynamic stiffness and loss angles vary distinctly as the excitation frequency, and MR fluids as one type of attracting controllable fluids are fit for hydraulic engine mounts. The author advises to work out potentialities of MR fluids, the semi control or active control MR fluids filled hydraulic engine mount must be developed.
文摘Aesthetic value,scientific research value and ecological protection value of world heritage in Mount Longhu,Jiangxi Province was analyzed.And the urgency of protecting Danxia landform was clarified from the perspective of influence brought by tourism development,population explosion,economic development and natural disasters.Planning and management agencies and relevant policy support for the safeguarding of world heritage in Mount Longhu,Jiangxi Province were expounded,as well as protective strategies for different zones and grades according to their scientific research value and protection value.Training for the protection and management of Mount Longhu,and local residents' participation in the training were introduced.Finally,suggestions for the heritage protection in Mount Longhu were given:project construction and management should be stressed,operation activities standardized,ticket management for the Longhu World Heritage improved,and the sustainable development persisted in.
基金Supported by National Fund Committee for Study Abroad
文摘In this paper,the metal hydraulic engine mount (HEM) with the orifice is presented,the construction of HEM is consist of hydraulic cylinder and the spring on the bottom,its mechanical model is given and dynamics equations are set up with considering kinematics conditions and continuous of fluid,the dynamics behavior of HEM including dynamic stiffness of fluid and transferability of HEM are studied here.The example of hydraulic engine mount is calculated,it is shown that the vibration reduction performance of the hydraulic engine mount of this paper is better.The analysis method of vibration reduction behavior for HEM in this paper can be used in designing of the reduction vibration devices and the HEM in this paper can be used in the practical engineering for reduction vibration.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) program (Grant No. 2019QZKK0105)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA19070401)。
文摘According to observational daily temperature data from the meteorological stations during 1971-2020,the variations of the extreme temperature event in the Mount Qomolangma(also known as Mount Everest) region in China have been analyzed using statistical methods.The extreme temperature indices recommended by the World Meteorological Organization are selected to describe the extreme temperature event.The RClimDEX 1.0 software is used to calculate the extreme temperature indices.There are no tropical nights,and just three summer days at the last 50 years.The frost days are the main extreme temperature events all year round.The temperature in the north slope is more extreme than that in the south slope of the Mount Qomolangma.There is remarkable decadal variation for the extreme temperature indices except diurnal temperature range.There are the warm extremes increasing,however,the cold extremes decreasing with the decadal lapse,which is more remarkable into the 21^(th) century.The tendencies for the extreme temperature indices in the north slope are consistent with those in the south slope.There are statistically significant trends for most extreme temperature indices during the study period.It shows that the warm extremes would be more prominent in the future with the global continued warming.The abrupt changes of the extreme temperature index have occurred mainly in the 20^(th) century especially from the mid to late 1980s and 1990s.The periodic changes in the south slope do not synchronize those in the north slope for the most extreme temperature indices.It is different for most extreme temperature indices between the south and north slope,which has demonstrated that the regional or local changes are not neglectable for extreme temperature research.The results of this study are also the consistent response of extreme temperature event to the global warming.
文摘With the rapid development of network technology,education informatization has become an inevitable trend in education reform and development.An important aspect of information teaching is the effective integration of information technology and course teaching.On the basis of fully understanding and considering the learning needs of students,we should clarify the teaching goals of mountain tourism resources,integrate relevant teaching content,select appropriate information teaching strategies and methods,and achieve the optimization of teaching effects,so that students can really effectively play the role of the main body in teaching.In the teaching process of mountain tourism resources,the use of information-based teaching methods is not the more the better,but an effective combination of corresponding information teaching methods should be explored instead,such as learning the formation of Mount Tai through 3D animation,learning the lithology of Mount Tai through VR,etc.,so that not only can students learn easily and efficiently,but the workload of teachers can be reduced as well.
