This research aimed to investigate the effect of pulping conditions and refining intensities of wheat straw to be recommended for fluff pulp production.For this purpose,mono ethanol amine(MEA)was selected as a de-lign...This research aimed to investigate the effect of pulping conditions and refining intensities of wheat straw to be recommended for fluff pulp production.For this purpose,mono ethanol amine(MEA)was selected as a de-lignification agent at three levels of 50:50,25:75,and 15:85(MEA/water,W/V%),and soda-AQ 14 W/V%was used as a reference pulping.To investigate the optimal refining intensity,the obtained pulp was passed through a single disk laboratory refiner from 0 to 6 times and in two different consistencies(1.5 and 2.5 W/V%).Total yield,kappa number,ash content,and the Schopper-Riegler(SR°)freeness of the prepared pulps were investigated.Finally,hand sheets with a targeted basic weight of 70 g/m^(2) were made according to the related standards.The hand sheets were characterized using Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and a field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM).Sheet density,brightness,and mechanical properties such as burst,tensile,and tear indices were also investigated.The FE-SEM photographs showed that the texture of the hand sheet became denser as the refining intensity increased.External fibrillation on the surface of the fibers was also observed,especially on those refined with 2.5%consistency.The results of the chemical composition of wheat straw indicated that wheat straw containing a high percentage of holocellulose is an excellent candidate for the production of fluff pulp.The total yield and kappa number of MEA pulps increased with the decrease in MEA concentration.FTIR results indicated the presence of a peak related to amino groups in the pulp related to MEA pulp.The results also indicated that the mechanical properties of the papers,except for the tear index,were enhanced as the intensity of refining and the pulp consistency during refining increased.展开更多
Four mono-fatty acid esters(Ia～d) were synthesized via the esterification of(3R,4R)-4,7,7-trimethyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3,4-diol(I) with fatty acid chlorides(CH_3(CH_2)_nCOCl, n = 0, 2, 4, 6) and structurally c...Four mono-fatty acid esters(Ia～d) were synthesized via the esterification of(3R,4R)-4,7,7-trimethyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3,4-diol(I) with fatty acid chlorides(CH_3(CH_2)_nCOCl, n = 0, 2, 4, 6) and structurally characterized by means of H RMS, IR, ~1 H-NMR, ^(13)C-NMR and X-ray diffraction. Compounds Ia～d all belong to monoclinic system, P2_1/c space group. Intermolecular O(2)–H(2)···O(1) hydrogen bonds, intramolecular O(2)–H(2)···O(3) hydrogen bonds and van der Waals' interaction between fatty acid ester groups link each of the mono-fatty acid ester molecules into a bilayer structure similar to liposome with the exposed hydrophobic moiety and the sandwiched lipophilic moiety. Especially, compounds Ia～d could be dissoluble or scattered in aqueous solution and showed hydrophilic/lipophilic property-dependent herbicidal activity against the dicotyledon plant rape(Brassica campestris) and the monocotyledon plant barnyard grass(Echinochloa crus galli). At the concentration of 10 mmol·L^(-1), the inhibition rates of compounds Ia～d against the root growth of rape are 31.9, 90.8, 99.5 and 100%, respectively and the inhibition rates against the shoot elongation of barnyard grass are 19.3, 50.0, 80.2 and 100%, respectively.展开更多
The association constant (Ka) values were calculated by the function-strengthen ing neural networks (FNN) for the inclusion complexation of α-CD with mono- and 1,4-disubstituted benzenes. The lnKa predicted by FNN fr...The association constant (Ka) values were calculated by the function-strengthen ing neural networks (FNN) for the inclusion complexation of α-CD with mono- and 1,4-disubstituted benzenes. The lnKa predicted by FNN from Rm, π and σ constants of substituents are in great agreement with the experimental data.展开更多
Aberration of lipid storage in lipid droplets (LD) has been linked with the development and progression of several common metabolic diseases including obesity, type II diabetes,
When the training data are insufficient, especially when only a small sample size of data is available, domain knowledge will be taken into the process of learning parameters to improve the performance of the Bayesian...When the training data are insufficient, especially when only a small sample size of data is available, domain knowledge will be taken into the process of learning parameters to improve the performance of the Bayesian networks. In this paper, a new monotonic constraint model is proposed to represent a type of common domain knowledge. And then, the monotonic constraint estimation algorithm is proposed to learn the parameters with the monotonic constraint model. In order to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm, series of experiments are carried out. The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is able to obtain more accurate parameters compared to some existing algorithms while the complexity is not the highest.展开更多
Aim： To investigate wether the corresponding protein of mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase 3 （ART3） mRNA is expressed in human testes and, if so, whether the expression is cell type-specific. Methods： ART3 mRNA was deter...Aim： To investigate wether the corresponding protein of mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase 3 （ART3） mRNA is expressed in human testes and, if so, whether the expression is cell type-specific. Methods： ART3 mRNA was determined in human testes and sperm by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage of ART3 was shown by treating ART3-transfected HEK-293-T cells with phospholipase C. Fluorescent activated cell sorter （FACS）-analyses were used to detect ART3 on mature spermatozoa and immunohistological studies to detect the protein in testes. Results： ART3 protein was shown to be present in testes. It was found on spermatocytes only. It was absent from spermatogonia, spermatids and spermatozoa. The absence of ART3 from spermatozoa was confirmed by FACS-analysis. ART3 protein was detected neither within a seminoma nor on Leydig cells. Conclusion： Here we show for the first time that ART3 protein is expressed in testes in particular on spermatocytes, indicating that ART3 exerts a specific function only required at a particular stage of spermatogenesis.展开更多
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low concentrations of DEHP and MEHP on steroidogenesis in a murine Leydig tumor cell line （MLTC-1） in vitro. The result of flow cytometry analysis revealed that t...The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low concentrations of DEHP and MEHP on steroidogenesis in a murine Leydig tumor cell line （MLTC-1） in vitro. The result of flow cytometry analysis revealed that the proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly increased after the exposure to DEHP. All three genes （P450scc, P450c17, and 38HSD） under study showed an increased expression following exposure to DEHP or MEHP, although some insignificant inhibitory effects appeared in the 10μmol/L treatment group as compared with the controls. It was also found that DEHP or MEHP stimulated INSL3 mRNA and protein especially in the 0.001 μmol/L treatment group. Testosterone secretions were stimulated after the exposure to DEHP or MEHP. Alterations of steroidogenic enzymes and INSL3 in MLTC-1 cells might be involved in the biphasic effects of DEHP/MEHP on androgen production.展开更多
Two novel pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid derivatives of mono-β-diketone named methyl 6-biphenylacetyl-2-pyridinecarboxylate (MBP) and 6-biphenylacetyl-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (BAA) and their corresponding binary co...Two novel pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid derivatives of mono-β-diketone named methyl 6-biphenylacetyl-2-pyridinecarboxylate (MBP) and 6-biphenylacetyl-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (BAA) and their corresponding binary complexes Tb(MBP)3.6H2O and Tb(BAA)3·6H2O were synthesized. The ligands were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and 1H-NMR, and the complexes were characterized with elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis(TG-DTA). The investigation of fluo...展开更多
Objective To evaluate whether mono（2‐ethylhexyl） phthalate（MEHP） affects genomic DNA methylation and the methylation status of some specific genes such as patched gene（PTCH） and smoothened gene（SMO） in LNCaP ...Objective To evaluate whether mono（2‐ethylhexyl） phthalate（MEHP） affects genomic DNA methylation and the methylation status of some specific genes such as patched gene（PTCH） and smoothened gene（SMO） in LNCaP cells. Methods LNCaP cells were treated with MEHP（0, 1, 5, 10, and 25 μmol/L） for 3 days. An ELISA assay was preformed to detect genomic methylation, including 5‐methylcytosine（5‐mC） and 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine（5‐hmC） content. A pyrosequencing assay was applied to assess DNA methylation in PTCH and SMO gene promoters. The correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression was assessed. Results The proportion of cytosines with 5‐mC methylation in LNCaP cells was significantly decreased by MEHP（1, 5, 10, and 25 μmol/L） in a dose‐dependent manner（P 〈 0.01）. For genes in the Hedgehog pathway, there was no significant MEHP concentration‐dependent difference in the DNA methylation of PTCH and SMO. Conclusion MEHP might affect the progression of prostate cancer through its effect on global DNA methylation.展开更多
Electronic structure calculation of bulk and monolayer MoS2 has been performed using plane wave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory. The indirect band gap in the bulk MoS2 was found to be 0.9 eV,...Electronic structure calculation of bulk and monolayer MoS2 has been performed using plane wave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory. The indirect band gap in the bulk MoS2 was found to be 0.9 eV, whereas in the monolayer-MoS2 the band gap of 1.57 eV was found to be direct one. The calculated physical parameters of monolayer MoS2 are found to be very close to the bulk MoS2 and compare well with available experimental and other theoretical results. The calculated density of states (DOS) may help explain this change in the nature of band gap in bulk and in monolayer MoS2. A further variation in band gap has been observed in MoS2 monolayer on applying biaxial strain.展开更多
This paper considers the stochastic resonance for a time-delayed mono-stable system, driven by correlated multiplicative and additive white noise. It finds that the output signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） varies non-mono...This paper considers the stochastic resonance for a time-delayed mono-stable system, driven by correlated multiplicative and additive white noise. It finds that the output signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） varies non-monotonically with the delayed times. The SNR varies non-monotonically with the increase of the intensities of the multiplicative and additive noise, with the increase of the correlation strength between the two noises, as well as with the system parameter.展开更多
The extraction of Nd^3＋ and Sm^3＋, including the extraction and stripping capability as well as the separation effect of Nd^3＋ or Sm^3＋, from a sulfuric acid medium, by mixtures of di-（2-ethylhexyl） phosphoric a...The extraction of Nd^3＋ and Sm^3＋, including the extraction and stripping capability as well as the separation effect of Nd^3＋ or Sm^3＋, from a sulfuric acid medium, by mixtures of di-（2-ethylhexyl） phosphoric acid （HDEHP, H2A2（0）） and 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester （HEH/EHP, H2L2（0）） were studied. The distribution ratios and synergistic coefficients of Nd^3＋ and Sm^3＋ in different acidities were also determined. A synergistic extractive effect was found when HDEHP and HEH/EHP were used as mixed extractants for Sm^3＋ or Nd^3＋. The chemical compositions of the extracted complex were determined as Nd.（HA2）2-HL2 and Sm.（HA2）2-HL2. The extraction equilibrium constants, enthalpy change, and entropy change of the extraction reaction were also determined.展开更多
Mono(isopropyl maleate-oyloxyl) diisopropoxyl dysprosium(DM) was synthesized by the reaction of dysprosium isopropoxide with maleic anhydride. Dy-containing polymer(PDM) was obtained by the solution polymerization of ...Mono(isopropyl maleate-oyloxyl) diisopropoxyl dysprosium(DM) was synthesized by the reaction of dysprosium isopropoxide with maleic anhydride. Dy-containing polymer(PDM) was obtained by the solution polymerization of DM using 2, 2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The kinetic study on the polymerization shows that the polymerization of DM exhibits high apparent activation energy(96.3 kJ.mol(-1)), indicating that the activity of DM is low for polymerization. The kinetic equation of polymerization can be expressed as R-P = k(P)C(DM)(1.23)c(AIBN)(0.82). The polymeric solid material shows excellent heat-stability and strong characteristic fluorescence of Dy3+, (4)Fg(9/2) --> H-6(15/2) and F-4(9/2) --> H-6(13/2).展开更多
基金This study was financially supported by Iranian National Science Foundation(project number of 4020345).
文摘This research aimed to investigate the effect of pulping conditions and refining intensities of wheat straw to be recommended for fluff pulp production.For this purpose,mono ethanol amine(MEA)was selected as a de-lignification agent at three levels of 50:50,25:75,and 15:85(MEA/water,W/V%),and soda-AQ 14 W/V%was used as a reference pulping.To investigate the optimal refining intensity,the obtained pulp was passed through a single disk laboratory refiner from 0 to 6 times and in two different consistencies(1.5 and 2.5 W/V%).Total yield,kappa number,ash content,and the Schopper-Riegler(SR°)freeness of the prepared pulps were investigated.Finally,hand sheets with a targeted basic weight of 70 g/m^(2) were made according to the related standards.The hand sheets were characterized using Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and a field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM).Sheet density,brightness,and mechanical properties such as burst,tensile,and tear indices were also investigated.The FE-SEM photographs showed that the texture of the hand sheet became denser as the refining intensity increased.External fibrillation on the surface of the fibers was also observed,especially on those refined with 2.5%consistency.The results of the chemical composition of wheat straw indicated that wheat straw containing a high percentage of holocellulose is an excellent candidate for the production of fluff pulp.The total yield and kappa number of MEA pulps increased with the decrease in MEA concentration.FTIR results indicated the presence of a peak related to amino groups in the pulp related to MEA pulp.The results also indicated that the mechanical properties of the papers,except for the tear index,were enhanced as the intensity of refining and the pulp consistency during refining increased.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31460174)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(No.2017GXNSFAA198027)100 Talents Program for Introducing Overseas High-level Talents into Universities of Guangxi Funded Project
文摘Four mono-fatty acid esters(Ia～d) were synthesized via the esterification of(3R,4R)-4,7,7-trimethyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3,4-diol(I) with fatty acid chlorides(CH_3(CH_2)_nCOCl, n = 0, 2, 4, 6) and structurally characterized by means of H RMS, IR, ~1 H-NMR, ^(13)C-NMR and X-ray diffraction. Compounds Ia～d all belong to monoclinic system, P2_1/c space group. Intermolecular O(2)–H(2)···O(1) hydrogen bonds, intramolecular O(2)–H(2)···O(3) hydrogen bonds and van der Waals' interaction between fatty acid ester groups link each of the mono-fatty acid ester molecules into a bilayer structure similar to liposome with the exposed hydrophobic moiety and the sandwiched lipophilic moiety. Especially, compounds Ia～d could be dissoluble or scattered in aqueous solution and showed hydrophilic/lipophilic property-dependent herbicidal activity against the dicotyledon plant rape(Brassica campestris) and the monocotyledon plant barnyard grass(Echinochloa crus galli). At the concentration of 10 mmol·L^(-1), the inhibition rates of compounds Ia～d against the root growth of rape are 31.9, 90.8, 99.5 and 100%, respectively and the inhibition rates against the shoot elongation of barnyard grass are 19.3, 50.0, 80.2 and 100%, respectively.
文摘The association constant (Ka) values were calculated by the function-strengthen ing neural networks (FNN) for the inclusion complexation of α-CD with mono- and 1,4-disubstituted benzenes. The lnKa predicted by FNN from Rm, π and σ constants of substituents are in great agreement with the experimental data.
文摘Aberration of lipid storage in lipid droplets (LD) has been linked with the development and progression of several common metabolic diseases including obesity, type II diabetes,
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6130513361573285)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3102016CG002)
文摘When the training data are insufficient, especially when only a small sample size of data is available, domain knowledge will be taken into the process of learning parameters to improve the performance of the Bayesian networks. In this paper, a new monotonic constraint model is proposed to represent a type of common domain knowledge. And then, the monotonic constraint estimation algorithm is proposed to learn the parameters with the monotonic constraint model. In order to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm, series of experiments are carried out. The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is able to obtain more accurate parameters compared to some existing algorithms while the complexity is not the highest.
文摘Aim： To investigate wether the corresponding protein of mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase 3 （ART3） mRNA is expressed in human testes and, if so, whether the expression is cell type-specific. Methods： ART3 mRNA was determined in human testes and sperm by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage of ART3 was shown by treating ART3-transfected HEK-293-T cells with phospholipase C. Fluorescent activated cell sorter （FACS）-analyses were used to detect ART3 on mature spermatozoa and immunohistological studies to detect the protein in testes. Results： ART3 protein was shown to be present in testes. It was found on spermatocytes only. It was absent from spermatogonia, spermatids and spermatozoa. The absence of ART3 from spermatozoa was confirmed by FACS-analysis. ART3 protein was detected neither within a seminoma nor on Leydig cells. Conclusion： Here we show for the first time that ART3 protein is expressed in testes in particular on spermatocytes, indicating that ART3 exerts a specific function only required at a particular stage of spermatogenesis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81273028)
文摘The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low concentrations of DEHP and MEHP on steroidogenesis in a murine Leydig tumor cell line （MLTC-1） in vitro. The result of flow cytometry analysis revealed that the proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly increased after the exposure to DEHP. All three genes （P450scc, P450c17, and 38HSD） under study showed an increased expression following exposure to DEHP or MEHP, although some insignificant inhibitory effects appeared in the 10μmol/L treatment group as compared with the controls. It was also found that DEHP or MEHP stimulated INSL3 mRNA and protein especially in the 0.001 μmol/L treatment group. Testosterone secretions were stimulated after the exposure to DEHP or MEHP. Alterations of steroidogenic enzymes and INSL3 in MLTC-1 cells might be involved in the biphasic effects of DEHP/MEHP on androgen production.
基金Project supported by the Science Foundation of Hunan Province (05JT1022)
文摘Two novel pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid derivatives of mono-β-diketone named methyl 6-biphenylacetyl-2-pyridinecarboxylate (MBP) and 6-biphenylacetyl-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (BAA) and their corresponding binary complexes Tb(MBP)3.6H2O and Tb(BAA)3·6H2O were synthesized. The ligands were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and 1H-NMR, and the complexes were characterized with elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis(TG-DTA). The investigation of fluo...
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Projects for‘Major New Drugs Innovation and Development’(No.2011ZX09301‐003)partly supported by The Fourth Round of Three‐year Public Health Action Plan of Shanghai(No.15GWZK0202)
文摘Objective To evaluate whether mono（2‐ethylhexyl） phthalate（MEHP） affects genomic DNA methylation and the methylation status of some specific genes such as patched gene（PTCH） and smoothened gene（SMO） in LNCaP cells. Methods LNCaP cells were treated with MEHP（0, 1, 5, 10, and 25 μmol/L） for 3 days. An ELISA assay was preformed to detect genomic methylation, including 5‐methylcytosine（5‐mC） and 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine（5‐hmC） content. A pyrosequencing assay was applied to assess DNA methylation in PTCH and SMO gene promoters. The correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression was assessed. Results The proportion of cytosines with 5‐mC methylation in LNCaP cells was significantly decreased by MEHP（1, 5, 10, and 25 μmol/L） in a dose‐dependent manner（P 〈 0.01）. For genes in the Hedgehog pathway, there was no significant MEHP concentration‐dependent difference in the DNA methylation of PTCH and SMO. Conclusion MEHP might affect the progression of prostate cancer through its effect on global DNA methylation.
文摘Electronic structure calculation of bulk and monolayer MoS2 has been performed using plane wave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory. The indirect band gap in the bulk MoS2 was found to be 0.9 eV, whereas in the monolayer-MoS2 the band gap of 1.57 eV was found to be direct one. The calculated physical parameters of monolayer MoS2 are found to be very close to the bulk MoS2 and compare well with available experimental and other theoretical results. The calculated density of states (DOS) may help explain this change in the nature of band gap in bulk and in monolayer MoS2. A further variation in band gap has been observed in MoS2 monolayer on applying biaxial strain.
文摘This paper considers the stochastic resonance for a time-delayed mono-stable system, driven by correlated multiplicative and additive white noise. It finds that the output signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） varies non-monotonically with the delayed times. The SNR varies non-monotonically with the increase of the intensities of the multiplicative and additive noise, with the increase of the correlation strength between the two noises, as well as with the system parameter.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50674016)the National High Technology Research and Develop-ment Program of China (863 Program) ( 2006AA06Z123)
文摘The extraction of Nd^3＋ and Sm^3＋, including the extraction and stripping capability as well as the separation effect of Nd^3＋ or Sm^3＋, from a sulfuric acid medium, by mixtures of di-（2-ethylhexyl） phosphoric acid （HDEHP, H2A2（0）） and 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester （HEH/EHP, H2L2（0）） were studied. The distribution ratios and synergistic coefficients of Nd^3＋ and Sm^3＋ in different acidities were also determined. A synergistic extractive effect was found when HDEHP and HEH/EHP were used as mixed extractants for Sm^3＋ or Nd^3＋. The chemical compositions of the extracted complex were determined as Nd.（HA2）2-HL2 and Sm.（HA2）2-HL2. The extraction equilibrium constants, enthalpy change, and entropy change of the extraction reaction were also determined.
文摘Mono(isopropyl maleate-oyloxyl) diisopropoxyl dysprosium(DM) was synthesized by the reaction of dysprosium isopropoxide with maleic anhydride. Dy-containing polymer(PDM) was obtained by the solution polymerization of DM using 2, 2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The kinetic study on the polymerization shows that the polymerization of DM exhibits high apparent activation energy(96.3 kJ.mol(-1)), indicating that the activity of DM is low for polymerization. The kinetic equation of polymerization can be expressed as R-P = k(P)C(DM)(1.23)c(AIBN)(0.82). The polymeric solid material shows excellent heat-stability and strong characteristic fluorescence of Dy3+, (4)Fg(9/2) --> H-6(15/2) and F-4(9/2) --> H-6(13/2).
