Multi-objective land allocation(MOLA)can be regarded as a spatial optimization problem that allocates appropriate use to certain land units subjecting to multiple objectives and constraints.This article develops an im...Multi-objective land allocation(MOLA)can be regarded as a spatial optimization problem that allocates appropriate use to certain land units subjecting to multiple objectives and constraints.This article develops an improved knowledge-informed non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II(NSGA-II)for solving the MOLA problem by integrating the patch-based,edge growing/decreasing,neighborhood,and constraint steering rules.By applying both the classical and the knowledge-informed NSGA-II to a simulated planning area of 30×30 grid,we find that:when compared to the classical NSGA-II,the knowledge-informed NSGA-II consistently produces solutions much closer to the true Pareto front within shorter computation time without sacrificing the solution diversity;the knowledge-informed NSGA-II is more effective and more efficient in encouraging compact land allocation;the solutions produced by the knowledge-informed have less scattered/isolated land units and provide a good compromise between construction sprawl and conservation land protection.The better performance proves that knowledge-informed NSGA-II is a more reasonable and desirable approach in the planning context.展开更多
Management of fed-fish culture practices,at present,stands on two broad feed categories,(i)formulated proteinaceous aquafeeds and(ii)the natural resources.Judicious use of the later is gaining popularity since it offe...Management of fed-fish culture practices,at present,stands on two broad feed categories,(i)formulated proteinaceous aquafeeds and(ii)the natural resources.Judicious use of the later is gaining popularity since it offers sustainability to fish culture.Polyculture often targets phyto-and zooplanktonic resources,but mostly ignores periphyton.This review discusses the works on feed diversification performed independently at different times.Fishes,viz.Cyprinus carpio,Labeo rohita and Amblypharyngodon mola were projected as potential candidates for resource-nutrient management with feed diversification in rice fish culture.With C.carpio the rice fish culture called Aji Gnui Assonii in terrace water-logged rice field of Apatani Plateau,Arunachal Pradesh(India)is referred as self-substrating aquaculture practice.This monoculture practice experiences high carp productivity since there remains surplus of resources below the threshold level in these rice fields.Similarly,L.rohita,explores periphytic resources in ponds when substrates are installed.As a result,filter feeders get more foraging aquatic phase intensifying the resources for exploration in pond.This concept is suggested for rice fields with water depth above 50 cm where rice stems act as substrate.With trenches or refuge canals,resource intensification may be managed for more cultivable fishes in rice fields with<50 cm water depth.This model of resource intensification further allows inclusion of Small Indigenous Fish Species(SIFs)-which are rich source of many micronutrients.Thus,integration of SIFs confers huge potentiality for intensification of nutrients,especially protein and micronutrients in rice fields.展开更多
文摘Multi-objective land allocation(MOLA)can be regarded as a spatial optimization problem that allocates appropriate use to certain land units subjecting to multiple objectives and constraints.This article develops an improved knowledge-informed non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II(NSGA-II)for solving the MOLA problem by integrating the patch-based,edge growing/decreasing,neighborhood,and constraint steering rules.By applying both the classical and the knowledge-informed NSGA-II to a simulated planning area of 30×30 grid,we find that:when compared to the classical NSGA-II,the knowledge-informed NSGA-II consistently produces solutions much closer to the true Pareto front within shorter computation time without sacrificing the solution diversity;the knowledge-informed NSGA-II is more effective and more efficient in encouraging compact land allocation;the solutions produced by the knowledge-informed have less scattered/isolated land units and provide a good compromise between construction sprawl and conservation land protection.The better performance proves that knowledge-informed NSGA-II is a more reasonable and desirable approach in the planning context.
文摘Management of fed-fish culture practices,at present,stands on two broad feed categories,(i)formulated proteinaceous aquafeeds and(ii)the natural resources.Judicious use of the later is gaining popularity since it offers sustainability to fish culture.Polyculture often targets phyto-and zooplanktonic resources,but mostly ignores periphyton.This review discusses the works on feed diversification performed independently at different times.Fishes,viz.Cyprinus carpio,Labeo rohita and Amblypharyngodon mola were projected as potential candidates for resource-nutrient management with feed diversification in rice fish culture.With C.carpio the rice fish culture called Aji Gnui Assonii in terrace water-logged rice field of Apatani Plateau,Arunachal Pradesh(India)is referred as self-substrating aquaculture practice.This monoculture practice experiences high carp productivity since there remains surplus of resources below the threshold level in these rice fields.Similarly,L.rohita,explores periphytic resources in ponds when substrates are installed.As a result,filter feeders get more foraging aquatic phase intensifying the resources for exploration in pond.This concept is suggested for rice fields with water depth above 50 cm where rice stems act as substrate.With trenches or refuge canals,resource intensification may be managed for more cultivable fishes in rice fields with<50 cm water depth.This model of resource intensification further allows inclusion of Small Indigenous Fish Species(SIFs)-which are rich source of many micronutrients.Thus,integration of SIFs confers huge potentiality for intensification of nutrients,especially protein and micronutrients in rice fields.
