In this paper,the property degradation micromechanism of Al-5.10Cu-0.65 Mg-0.8Mn(wt%)alloy induced by 0.5 wt%Fe minor addition was revealed by atomic-scale scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersi...In this paper,the property degradation micromechanism of Al-5.10Cu-0.65 Mg-0.8Mn(wt%)alloy induced by 0.5 wt%Fe minor addition was revealed by atomic-scale scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy coupled with first-principles calculations.The results show that the Fe minor addition to the Al-Cu-Mg-Mn alloy leads to a slight reduction of grain size and the formation of coarse Al7Cu2Fe constituent particles.Fe tends to segregate into the T-phase dispersoids,θ'-,and S-phase precipitates by preferentially occupying Cu or Mn sites in these phase structures.The apparent Fe segregation contributes to an increase in stiffness of the T-phase and S-phase but decreased stiffness of theθ'phase.Formation of the coarse Al7Cu2Fe constituent particles and decreased stiffness of main precipitatesθ'containing Fe result in the degraded strength of the Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Fe alloy.Further study reveals that corrosion resistance degradation of the Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Fe alloy is associated with the increased width of precipitation free zones and consecutive grain boundary precipitates.The obtained results have significant implications for the usage of recycled Al alloys and the potential design strategies of high-performance alloys containing Fe.展开更多
Under conditions of increased pollution of water resources,the search for effective and environmentally safe methods of wastewater treatment becomes an urgent task.As noted by many researchers Lemna minor L.and Azolla...Under conditions of increased pollution of water resources,the search for effective and environmentally safe methods of wastewater treatment becomes an urgent task.As noted by many researchers Lemna minor L.and Azolla caroliniana have great potential for biological treatment of wastewater.The present study is devoted to the biological treatment of municipal wastewater of Osh city(Kyrgyzstan)using aquatic plants Lemna minor L.and Azolla caroliniana Willd.Experiments were conducted in concrete basins of treatment facilities.The area of each pool was 1 m^(2),depth 30–45 cm.The temperature of nutrient media ranged from 20 to 35℃,pH from 6.1 to 8.7,and light intensity from 284 to 360 W/m^(2)FAR.The results showed that the cultivation of Lemna minor resulted in the oxygenation of wastewater and,a significant reduction of pollutants and pathogens.At the same time,the use of Azolla caroliniana provided a significant improvement in the physicochemical characteristics of water-reduction of BOD_(5)to 4.3 mgO_(2)/L,disappearance of all forms of nitrogen,as well as improvement of transparency and elimination of unpleasant odor.Thus,both plants showed high potential as biological treatment agents.The obtained data confirm the prospect of their application for a sustainable water treatment system in the conditions of southern regions of Kyrgyzstan.展开更多
Mountainous minority regions in China,characterized by abundant natural and cultural resources,ecologically fragile environments,and often geographically remote locations,pose distinct developmental challenges and opp...Mountainous minority regions in China,characterized by abundant natural and cultural resources,ecologically fragile environments,and often geographically remote locations,pose distinct developmental challenges and opportunities.Despite the complexity and typicality of Chinese mountainous ethnic minority regions in terms of eco-cultural tourism and land use dynamics,the interplay among tourism development,land use changes,and landscape ecological risk in these specific contexts has received insufficient attention.To explore how eco-cultural tourism development in ethnic minority mountainous regions affects land use and landscape ecology,this study investigates the evolution of land use in Southeast Guizhou Province from 1980-2020,integrating GIS spatial analysis,the landscape pattern index and landscape ecological risk index analysis.Over the past four decades(1980-2020),eco-cultural tourism has driven significant land use transformations characterized by substantial expansion of building land,growth of ecological land(notably forest land and water areas),and reduction of cultivated land.Concurrently,landscape ecological risk evolved through distinct phases-showing an overall increase during 1980-2000 with expanding medium-risk zones,followed by stabilization from 2000-2020.Tourism development accelerated these land transitions while fostering multifunctional compound land uses,enhancing both land value and utilization efficiency.Crucially,eco-cultural tourism in ethnic regions demonstrates capacity to reconcile ecological conservation with economic development,providing transferable models for similar regions globally.展开更多
With the rapid development of China's economy and the government's issuance of a series of rural revitalization strategies,the design of rural landscapes has garnered increasing attention.However,some rural la...With the rapid development of China's economy and the government's issuance of a series of rural revitalization strategies,the design of rural landscapes has garnered increasing attention.However,some rural landscape designs have become more urbanized,neglecting the natural ecology,distinctive characteristics,and cultural heritage of rural areas,leading to a homogenized phenomenon.To address issues such as landscape homogenization and cultural erosion in traditional villages,this paper analyzes the current status of ethnic minority village landscapes and integrates landscape design principles to propose design strategies for rural landscapes in traditional ethnic minority villages in Hunan Province.It is intended to better achieve the construction of rural landscapes in traditional ethnic minority villages in Hunan Province.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endoscopic minor papilla intervention(EMPI)is an option for diagnosing or treating symptomatic pancreatic diseases in cases with failed pancreatic duct deep cannulation via the major papilla,pancreas divisu...BACKGROUND Endoscopic minor papilla intervention(EMPI)is an option for diagnosing or treating symptomatic pancreatic diseases in cases with failed pancreatic duct deep cannulation via the major papilla,pancreas divisum with obstruction of the minor papilla,or an abnormal patulous orifice of the minor papilla during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).However,the relatively low pa-tency and small opening of the minor papillae pose technical challenges.AIM To evaluate the technical success,clinical success,stone clearance,and safety pro-file of EMPI for diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic pancreatic diseases.METHODS Patients diagnosed with symptomatic pancreatic diseases and EMPI between February 1996 and February 2023 were included.The primary outcomes were the initial technical success,defined as successful deep cannulation via the minor papilla(DCMP;access of the guidewire to the upstream pancreatic duct via the minor papilla)alone,overall technical success,defined as successful DCMP alone and successful DCMP with additional needle-knife precut minor papillotomy(NKPMP),and immediate clinical success,defined as>50%improvement in abdominal pain after therapeutic EMPI.Secondary outcomes included long-term clinical success at 1,3,and 7 years,pancreatic stone clearance,and procedure-related early and late adverse events(AEs).RESULTS Overall,43 patients,32 with obstructive chronic pancreatitis,8 with pancreatic divisum,and 3 with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm were included.The initial and overall technical success rates were 74.4%(32/43)and 88.4%(38/43),respectively.The immediate clinical success rate was 79.1%(34/43),and the long-term clinical success rates at 1,3,and 7 years were 74.7%,55.3%,and 41.5%,respectively,among the 22 patients with a follow-up period of 57.5(7-266)months.Complete and partial success of pancreatic stone clearance was achieved in 53.9%(7/13)and 15.4%(2/13),respectively.Early AEs included post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP,n=5)and self-limiting bleeding(n=1);surgery therapy was required for 1 case with severe PEP and conservative management for the other 4 with mild PEP.Late AEs included minor papilla stricture(n=1)after endoscopic minor papillotomy and pancreatic duct stricture(n=1)after double pancreatic stent placement;no specific treatment was implemented for these events.CONCLUSION EMPI is feasible,effective,and safe for symptomatic pancreatic diseases,in terms of the technical and clinical success,stone clearance,and incidence and severity of AEs.NKPMP appears to enhance technical success.However,potential risks of developing PEP and late AEs should be kept in mind.展开更多
BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium,particularly prevalent in elderly patients after abdominal cancer surgery,presents significant challenges in clinical management.AIM To develop a synthetic minority oversampling techn...BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium,particularly prevalent in elderly patients after abdominal cancer surgery,presents significant challenges in clinical management.AIM To develop a synthetic minority oversampling technique(SMOTE)-based model for predicting postoperative delirium in elderly abdominal cancer patients.METHODS In this retrospective cohort study,we analyzed data from 611 elderly patients who underwent abdominal malignant tumor surgery at our hospital between September 2020 and October 2022.The incidence of postoperative delirium was recorded for 7 d post-surgery.Patients were divided into delirium and non-delirium groups based on the occurrence of postoperative delirium or not.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors and develop a predictive model for postoperative delirium.The SMOTE technique was applied to enhance the model by oversampling the delirium cases.The model’s predictive accuracy was then validated.RESULTS In our study involving 611 elderly patients with abdominal malignant tumors,multivariate logistic regression analysis identified significant risk factors for postoperative delirium.These included the Charlson comorbidity index,American Society of Anesthesiologists classification,history of cerebrovascular disease,surgical duration,perioperative blood transfusion,and postoperative pain score.The incidence rate of postoperative delirium in our study was 22.91%.The original predictive model(P1)exhibited an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.862.In comparison,the SMOTE-based logistic early warning model(P2),which utilized the SMOTE oversampling algorithm,showed a slightly lower but comparable area under the curve of 0.856,suggesting no significant difference in performance between the two predictive approaches.CONCLUSION This study confirms that the SMOTE-enhanced predictive model for postoperative delirium in elderly abdominal tumor patients shows performance equivalent to that of traditional methods,effectively addressing data imbalance.展开更多
The isolation of minor components from complex natural product matrices presents a significant challenge in the field of purification science due to their low concentrations and the presence of structurally similar co...The isolation of minor components from complex natural product matrices presents a significant challenge in the field of purification science due to their low concentrations and the presence of structurally similar compounds.This study introduces an optimized twin-column recycling chromatography method for the efficient and simultaneous purification of these elusive constituents.By introducing water at a small flowing rate between the twin columns,a step solvent gradient is created,by which the leading edge of concentration band would migrate at a slower rate than the trailing edge as it flowing from the upstream to downstream column.Hence,the band broadening is counterbalanced,resulting in an enrichment effect for those minor components in separation process.Herein,two target substances,which showed similar peak position in high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and did not exceed 1.8%in crude paclitaxel were selected as target compounds for separation.By using the twin-column recycling chromatography with a step solvent gradient,a successful purification was achieved in getting the two with the purity almost 100%.We suggest this method is suitable for the separation of most components in natural produces,which shows higher precision and recovery rate compared with the common lab-operated separation ways for natural products(thin-layer chromatography and prep-HPLC).展开更多
This editorial is intended to be a reflection on cardiovascular disease(CVD)burden in European ethnic minorities.In some European countries,ethnic minority realities,due to their recent appearance,are still to be stud...This editorial is intended to be a reflection on cardiovascular disease(CVD)burden in European ethnic minorities.In some European countries,ethnic minority realities,due to their recent appearance,are still to be studied in depth.The experience of several European countries,where the migration processes started earlier,even more than a century ago,can help by being an example.Many studies have shown that major differences in CVD burden exist not only between countries,but also within the same country when considering different social strata and ethnic groups.The CV risk factors underlying heart disease have been well established.Important epidemiological studies have helped us understand that the underlying causes of heart disease as well as the behaviors that can help prevent them are the same.We are now well aware that CVD should be treated by considering a holistic approach.This is why the social determinants(SDs)of health that may worsen the disease burden or that,vice versa,may improve the treatment,and even more significantly,the prognosis of a patient’s illness should be taken into consideration.For ethnic minority patients,this holistic,hermeneutic approach is of importance.Several SDs of health that influence CVDs have been identified but their relevance for the health of ethnic minorities has not yet been clearly defined.In some European countries,most ethnic minorities are largely also religious minorities.Only a few studies have evaluated the role of religion,which is an important SD that affects the probability of having CV risk factors and diseases.Adolescents,particularly those belonging to the second generation,seem to be the weak link.If we believe that these young people are really citizens of their country of birth,then a way of recognizing their belonging to the community starts from a will to better understand their condition,in order to assist them while they grow physically and mentally.Thinking about safeguarding the health of this population should be more than a health task,rather a goal of social justice.展开更多
This study aimed to explore the barriers affecting COVID-19 vaccine uptake among ethnic minorities and to propose strategies to strengthen government initiatives for inclusive vaccination. Grounded in social construct...This study aimed to explore the barriers affecting COVID-19 vaccine uptake among ethnic minorities and to propose strategies to strengthen government initiatives for inclusive vaccination. Grounded in social constructivism, this qualitative study was conducted in the greater Sylhet Division, where many ethnic communities live. Using purposive sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 49 participants, including ethnic men and women, community leaders, and healthcare providers. Two focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted to ensure data validation, and the results were analyzed using thematic analysis, which revealed several factors, such as free vaccinations, media, close community-knit healthcare centers, informal communication that positively influenced vaccine uptake, such as awareness campaigns, informal communication, media involvement, and free vaccine availability. However, socio-economic and technological barriers pose significant challenges, including misconceptions about vaccines, limited access to technology, long distances to vaccination centers, inconvenient service hours, and reliance on traditional medicine. To promote inclusive vaccination, the study recommends establishing localized vaccine camps, improving technological infrastructure such as the Internet and network access, enhancing communication strategies, providing special services for women, the elderly and disabled individuals, and ensuring a reliable vaccine supply. Future researchers could apply longitudinal studies, including a lager study area and broader range of participants to address the missing perspectives in the current study.展开更多
Based on the characteristics of College English teaching in minority classes,this paper analyzes the ideological and political teaching cases of College English courses in ethnic minority classes from four aspects:bef...Based on the characteristics of College English teaching in minority classes,this paper analyzes the ideological and political teaching cases of College English courses in ethnic minority classes from four aspects:before-class,in-class(flipped classroom teaching),after-class,and teaching design feedback(feedback on students’learning situation,teaching content and methods),starts from the three aspects of knowledge impartation,ability improvement,and value guidance,and integrates the course ideology and politics into the theme,language,and reality,so as to form a“one point and three sides”course ideological and political teaching model.展开更多
This paper aims to analyze and evaluate a model of forest conservation and management of ethnic minority (or indigenous) people in central Vietnam, often referred to as the spiritual forest. These forests, called sacr...This paper aims to analyze and evaluate a model of forest conservation and management of ethnic minority (or indigenous) people in central Vietnam, often referred to as the spiritual forest. These forests, called sacred forest or ghost forests by the ethnic minority people in Thua Thien Hue province, have existed for a long time among forest residents. However, they have recently declined, both in quality and quantity, due to various factors, including changes in society, economy, environment, and perception, among other reasons. Based on research conducted in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province with household interviews, group discussions, and field surveys, we find that spiritual forest retains religious and human significance. They are also often among the last remaining natural forests left due to deforestation by human activities. The research results indicate challenges that conservation of spiritual forest may face, while giving recommendations derived from communities for sustainable forest development and conservation in the region.展开更多
With the popularization of higher education in China,the employment situation of college students is more complex and severe.This paper adopts the questionnaire method to explore the employment view of acupuncture and...With the popularization of higher education in China,the employment situation of college students is more complex and severe.This paper adopts the questionnaire method to explore the employment view of acupuncture and tuina undergraduates of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The employment concept of acupuncture and tuina undergraduates in the minority border areas has changed greatly.After graduation,97.95%of students choose to work in fields related to medicine and acupuncture,prefer positions close to home,and are attracted to high-salary companies,among other factors.Therefore,enhancing the competitive advantages of medical students by guiding their career planning,providing employment selection advice,fostering innovation and entrepreneurship,improving basic skills,and offering graduate entrance examination guidance is crucial for broadening their employment opportunities.展开更多
In the field of contemporary sculpture creation,the rich culture and historical depth of Chinese ethnic minorities have attracted the widespread attention of artists.These creations not only emphasize external feature...In the field of contemporary sculpture creation,the rich culture and historical depth of Chinese ethnic minorities have attracted the widespread attention of artists.These creations not only emphasize external features such as ethnic costumes,totems,or life scenes but also touch deep spiritual contents including historical stories,religious beliefs,and living habits of ethnic minorities.This paper discusses the integration process of Chinese ethnic minority themes in figurative sculpture creation and the inheritance of the profound spirit of ethnic groups in this process.At the same time,this paper also places the diversified expression and innovative practice of these themes in sculpture art in the context of the new era for investigation and explores the far-reaching influence of its development on promoting cultural inheritance and artistic innovation.展开更多
Based on basic theories of community participation in tourism development,questionnaires were designed for the field investigation in one of the largest Dong Villages in China,the Dong village in Zhaoxing.Community pa...Based on basic theories of community participation in tourism development,questionnaires were designed for the field investigation in one of the largest Dong Villages in China,the Dong village in Zhaoxing.Community participation in tourism development of the Dong Village was analyzed from the perspectives of residents' participation in decision-making and management,reception and catering services,group performance,making and selling ethnic artworks,protection of village tourist resources and environment.And meanwhile,problems were pointed out as "still maintaining in the early stage of its tourism development,fewer opportunities for its residents participating in tourism development,resource protection being divorced from tourism benefits and so on",on the basis of which corresponding solutions were offered as "expanding the field of participation,improving the level of participation,increasing benefits of local residents;insisting on the principle of "not participating intentionally is the best way of their participation,guaranteeing economic compensation for rural residents;enhancing infrastructure construction;establishing a museum of folk-custom materials;creating a favorable atmosphere of folk cultures;enhancing cooperation with its neighboring villages in tourism development,and creating a "local industrial chain";establishing a research center of cultural tourism development of the Dong Minority.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U20A20274 and 52061003)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(No.202301AT070209)the Science and Technology Major Project of Yunnan Province(No.202102AG050017).
文摘In this paper,the property degradation micromechanism of Al-5.10Cu-0.65 Mg-0.8Mn(wt%)alloy induced by 0.5 wt%Fe minor addition was revealed by atomic-scale scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy coupled with first-principles calculations.The results show that the Fe minor addition to the Al-Cu-Mg-Mn alloy leads to a slight reduction of grain size and the formation of coarse Al7Cu2Fe constituent particles.Fe tends to segregate into the T-phase dispersoids,θ'-,and S-phase precipitates by preferentially occupying Cu or Mn sites in these phase structures.The apparent Fe segregation contributes to an increase in stiffness of the T-phase and S-phase but decreased stiffness of theθ'phase.Formation of the coarse Al7Cu2Fe constituent particles and decreased stiffness of main precipitatesθ'containing Fe result in the degraded strength of the Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Fe alloy.Further study reveals that corrosion resistance degradation of the Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Fe alloy is associated with the increased width of precipitation free zones and consecutive grain boundary precipitates.The obtained results have significant implications for the usage of recycled Al alloys and the potential design strategies of high-performance alloys containing Fe.
文摘Under conditions of increased pollution of water resources,the search for effective and environmentally safe methods of wastewater treatment becomes an urgent task.As noted by many researchers Lemna minor L.and Azolla caroliniana have great potential for biological treatment of wastewater.The present study is devoted to the biological treatment of municipal wastewater of Osh city(Kyrgyzstan)using aquatic plants Lemna minor L.and Azolla caroliniana Willd.Experiments were conducted in concrete basins of treatment facilities.The area of each pool was 1 m^(2),depth 30–45 cm.The temperature of nutrient media ranged from 20 to 35℃,pH from 6.1 to 8.7,and light intensity from 284 to 360 W/m^(2)FAR.The results showed that the cultivation of Lemna minor resulted in the oxygenation of wastewater and,a significant reduction of pollutants and pathogens.At the same time,the use of Azolla caroliniana provided a significant improvement in the physicochemical characteristics of water-reduction of BOD_(5)to 4.3 mgO_(2)/L,disappearance of all forms of nitrogen,as well as improvement of transparency and elimination of unpleasant odor.Thus,both plants showed high potential as biological treatment agents.The obtained data confirm the prospect of their application for a sustainable water treatment system in the conditions of southern regions of Kyrgyzstan.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20CMZ033)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CCNU24ZZ125).
文摘Mountainous minority regions in China,characterized by abundant natural and cultural resources,ecologically fragile environments,and often geographically remote locations,pose distinct developmental challenges and opportunities.Despite the complexity and typicality of Chinese mountainous ethnic minority regions in terms of eco-cultural tourism and land use dynamics,the interplay among tourism development,land use changes,and landscape ecological risk in these specific contexts has received insufficient attention.To explore how eco-cultural tourism development in ethnic minority mountainous regions affects land use and landscape ecology,this study investigates the evolution of land use in Southeast Guizhou Province from 1980-2020,integrating GIS spatial analysis,the landscape pattern index and landscape ecological risk index analysis.Over the past four decades(1980-2020),eco-cultural tourism has driven significant land use transformations characterized by substantial expansion of building land,growth of ecological land(notably forest land and water areas),and reduction of cultivated land.Concurrently,landscape ecological risk evolved through distinct phases-showing an overall increase during 1980-2000 with expanding medium-risk zones,followed by stabilization from 2000-2020.Tourism development accelerated these land transitions while fostering multifunctional compound land uses,enhancing both land value and utilization efficiency.Crucially,eco-cultural tourism in ethnic regions demonstrates capacity to reconcile ecological conservation with economic development,providing transferable models for similar regions globally.
基金Supported by Key Scientific Research Project of the Department of Education of Hunan Province in 2022"Research on Art and Design Strategies for Rural Revitalization in Ethnic Minority Traditional Villages of Hunan under the New Development Concept"(22A0396).
文摘With the rapid development of China's economy and the government's issuance of a series of rural revitalization strategies,the design of rural landscapes has garnered increasing attention.However,some rural landscape designs have become more urbanized,neglecting the natural ecology,distinctive characteristics,and cultural heritage of rural areas,leading to a homogenized phenomenon.To address issues such as landscape homogenization and cultural erosion in traditional villages,this paper analyzes the current status of ethnic minority village landscapes and integrates landscape design principles to propose design strategies for rural landscapes in traditional ethnic minority villages in Hunan Province.It is intended to better achieve the construction of rural landscapes in traditional ethnic minority villages in Hunan Province.
基金Supported by Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation Team Project,No.TD2020H002.
文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic minor papilla intervention(EMPI)is an option for diagnosing or treating symptomatic pancreatic diseases in cases with failed pancreatic duct deep cannulation via the major papilla,pancreas divisum with obstruction of the minor papilla,or an abnormal patulous orifice of the minor papilla during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).However,the relatively low pa-tency and small opening of the minor papillae pose technical challenges.AIM To evaluate the technical success,clinical success,stone clearance,and safety pro-file of EMPI for diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic pancreatic diseases.METHODS Patients diagnosed with symptomatic pancreatic diseases and EMPI between February 1996 and February 2023 were included.The primary outcomes were the initial technical success,defined as successful deep cannulation via the minor papilla(DCMP;access of the guidewire to the upstream pancreatic duct via the minor papilla)alone,overall technical success,defined as successful DCMP alone and successful DCMP with additional needle-knife precut minor papillotomy(NKPMP),and immediate clinical success,defined as>50%improvement in abdominal pain after therapeutic EMPI.Secondary outcomes included long-term clinical success at 1,3,and 7 years,pancreatic stone clearance,and procedure-related early and late adverse events(AEs).RESULTS Overall,43 patients,32 with obstructive chronic pancreatitis,8 with pancreatic divisum,and 3 with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm were included.The initial and overall technical success rates were 74.4%(32/43)and 88.4%(38/43),respectively.The immediate clinical success rate was 79.1%(34/43),and the long-term clinical success rates at 1,3,and 7 years were 74.7%,55.3%,and 41.5%,respectively,among the 22 patients with a follow-up period of 57.5(7-266)months.Complete and partial success of pancreatic stone clearance was achieved in 53.9%(7/13)and 15.4%(2/13),respectively.Early AEs included post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP,n=5)and self-limiting bleeding(n=1);surgery therapy was required for 1 case with severe PEP and conservative management for the other 4 with mild PEP.Late AEs included minor papilla stricture(n=1)after endoscopic minor papillotomy and pancreatic duct stricture(n=1)after double pancreatic stent placement;no specific treatment was implemented for these events.CONCLUSION EMPI is feasible,effective,and safe for symptomatic pancreatic diseases,in terms of the technical and clinical success,stone clearance,and incidence and severity of AEs.NKPMP appears to enhance technical success.However,potential risks of developing PEP and late AEs should be kept in mind.
基金Supported by Discipline Advancement Program of Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital,No.SY-XKZT-2020-2013.
文摘BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium,particularly prevalent in elderly patients after abdominal cancer surgery,presents significant challenges in clinical management.AIM To develop a synthetic minority oversampling technique(SMOTE)-based model for predicting postoperative delirium in elderly abdominal cancer patients.METHODS In this retrospective cohort study,we analyzed data from 611 elderly patients who underwent abdominal malignant tumor surgery at our hospital between September 2020 and October 2022.The incidence of postoperative delirium was recorded for 7 d post-surgery.Patients were divided into delirium and non-delirium groups based on the occurrence of postoperative delirium or not.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors and develop a predictive model for postoperative delirium.The SMOTE technique was applied to enhance the model by oversampling the delirium cases.The model’s predictive accuracy was then validated.RESULTS In our study involving 611 elderly patients with abdominal malignant tumors,multivariate logistic regression analysis identified significant risk factors for postoperative delirium.These included the Charlson comorbidity index,American Society of Anesthesiologists classification,history of cerebrovascular disease,surgical duration,perioperative blood transfusion,and postoperative pain score.The incidence rate of postoperative delirium in our study was 22.91%.The original predictive model(P1)exhibited an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.862.In comparison,the SMOTE-based logistic early warning model(P2),which utilized the SMOTE oversampling algorithm,showed a slightly lower but comparable area under the curve of 0.856,suggesting no significant difference in performance between the two predictive approaches.CONCLUSION This study confirms that the SMOTE-enhanced predictive model for postoperative delirium in elderly abdominal tumor patients shows performance equivalent to that of traditional methods,effectively addressing data imbalance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078281)。
文摘The isolation of minor components from complex natural product matrices presents a significant challenge in the field of purification science due to their low concentrations and the presence of structurally similar compounds.This study introduces an optimized twin-column recycling chromatography method for the efficient and simultaneous purification of these elusive constituents.By introducing water at a small flowing rate between the twin columns,a step solvent gradient is created,by which the leading edge of concentration band would migrate at a slower rate than the trailing edge as it flowing from the upstream to downstream column.Hence,the band broadening is counterbalanced,resulting in an enrichment effect for those minor components in separation process.Herein,two target substances,which showed similar peak position in high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and did not exceed 1.8%in crude paclitaxel were selected as target compounds for separation.By using the twin-column recycling chromatography with a step solvent gradient,a successful purification was achieved in getting the two with the purity almost 100%.We suggest this method is suitable for the separation of most components in natural produces,which shows higher precision and recovery rate compared with the common lab-operated separation ways for natural products(thin-layer chromatography and prep-HPLC).
文摘This editorial is intended to be a reflection on cardiovascular disease(CVD)burden in European ethnic minorities.In some European countries,ethnic minority realities,due to their recent appearance,are still to be studied in depth.The experience of several European countries,where the migration processes started earlier,even more than a century ago,can help by being an example.Many studies have shown that major differences in CVD burden exist not only between countries,but also within the same country when considering different social strata and ethnic groups.The CV risk factors underlying heart disease have been well established.Important epidemiological studies have helped us understand that the underlying causes of heart disease as well as the behaviors that can help prevent them are the same.We are now well aware that CVD should be treated by considering a holistic approach.This is why the social determinants(SDs)of health that may worsen the disease burden or that,vice versa,may improve the treatment,and even more significantly,the prognosis of a patient’s illness should be taken into consideration.For ethnic minority patients,this holistic,hermeneutic approach is of importance.Several SDs of health that influence CVDs have been identified but their relevance for the health of ethnic minorities has not yet been clearly defined.In some European countries,most ethnic minorities are largely also religious minorities.Only a few studies have evaluated the role of religion,which is an important SD that affects the probability of having CV risk factors and diseases.Adolescents,particularly those belonging to the second generation,seem to be the weak link.If we believe that these young people are really citizens of their country of birth,then a way of recognizing their belonging to the community starts from a will to better understand their condition,in order to assist them while they grow physically and mentally.Thinking about safeguarding the health of this population should be more than a health task,rather a goal of social justice.
文摘This study aimed to explore the barriers affecting COVID-19 vaccine uptake among ethnic minorities and to propose strategies to strengthen government initiatives for inclusive vaccination. Grounded in social constructivism, this qualitative study was conducted in the greater Sylhet Division, where many ethnic communities live. Using purposive sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 49 participants, including ethnic men and women, community leaders, and healthcare providers. Two focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted to ensure data validation, and the results were analyzed using thematic analysis, which revealed several factors, such as free vaccinations, media, close community-knit healthcare centers, informal communication that positively influenced vaccine uptake, such as awareness campaigns, informal communication, media involvement, and free vaccine availability. However, socio-economic and technological barriers pose significant challenges, including misconceptions about vaccines, limited access to technology, long distances to vaccination centers, inconvenient service hours, and reliance on traditional medicine. To promote inclusive vaccination, the study recommends establishing localized vaccine camps, improving technological infrastructure such as the Internet and network access, enhancing communication strategies, providing special services for women, the elderly and disabled individuals, and ensuring a reliable vaccine supply. Future researchers could apply longitudinal studies, including a lager study area and broader range of participants to address the missing perspectives in the current study.
基金Research Topic of Higher Education of Heilongjiang Higher Education Society(Research on Innovation of English Teaching Curriculum Construction System for Minority Classes in Colleges and Universities Under Digital Empowerment(Fund No.23GJYBJ022)Reform and Innovation Project of Foreign Language Education in Undergraduate Colleges in Heilongjiang Province(Research on the Construction of Ubiquitous Learning Mode of Integrating College English Humanistic Literacy and Language Skills Under the Background of New Engineering(Fund No.HWX2022004-A)Research on the Construction and Effectiveness of College English 4I Seminar Teaching Mode Under the Background of the General Project of Provincial Higher Education Teaching Reform in 2021“First-Class Undergraduate Course”(Fund No.SJGY20210164).
文摘Based on the characteristics of College English teaching in minority classes,this paper analyzes the ideological and political teaching cases of College English courses in ethnic minority classes from four aspects:before-class,in-class(flipped classroom teaching),after-class,and teaching design feedback(feedback on students’learning situation,teaching content and methods),starts from the three aspects of knowledge impartation,ability improvement,and value guidance,and integrates the course ideology and politics into the theme,language,and reality,so as to form a“one point and three sides”course ideological and political teaching model.
文摘This paper aims to analyze and evaluate a model of forest conservation and management of ethnic minority (or indigenous) people in central Vietnam, often referred to as the spiritual forest. These forests, called sacred forest or ghost forests by the ethnic minority people in Thua Thien Hue province, have existed for a long time among forest residents. However, they have recently declined, both in quality and quantity, due to various factors, including changes in society, economy, environment, and perception, among other reasons. Based on research conducted in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province with household interviews, group discussions, and field surveys, we find that spiritual forest retains religious and human significance. They are also often among the last remaining natural forests left due to deforestation by human activities. The research results indicate challenges that conservation of spiritual forest may face, while giving recommendations derived from communities for sustainable forest development and conservation in the region.
文摘With the popularization of higher education in China,the employment situation of college students is more complex and severe.This paper adopts the questionnaire method to explore the employment view of acupuncture and tuina undergraduates of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The employment concept of acupuncture and tuina undergraduates in the minority border areas has changed greatly.After graduation,97.95%of students choose to work in fields related to medicine and acupuncture,prefer positions close to home,and are attracted to high-salary companies,among other factors.Therefore,enhancing the competitive advantages of medical students by guiding their career planning,providing employment selection advice,fostering innovation and entrepreneurship,improving basic skills,and offering graduate entrance examination guidance is crucial for broadening their employment opportunities.
文摘In the field of contemporary sculpture creation,the rich culture and historical depth of Chinese ethnic minorities have attracted the widespread attention of artists.These creations not only emphasize external features such as ethnic costumes,totems,or life scenes but also touch deep spiritual contents including historical stories,religious beliefs,and living habits of ethnic minorities.This paper discusses the integration process of Chinese ethnic minority themes in figurative sculpture creation and the inheritance of the profound spirit of ethnic groups in this process.At the same time,this paper also places the diversified expression and innovative practice of these themes in sculpture art in the context of the new era for investigation and explores the far-reaching influence of its development on promoting cultural inheritance and artistic innovation.
基金Supported by Guizhou Provincial Scientific and Technological Foundation[LKS(2009)No.41]Talents Base Construction for Karst Ecoenvironment Conservation and Improvement of the Second Batch of Guizhou Talents Base Construction Project[(2009)No.9]Students Scientific Research Fund of Guizhou Normal University(2010)~~
文摘Based on basic theories of community participation in tourism development,questionnaires were designed for the field investigation in one of the largest Dong Villages in China,the Dong village in Zhaoxing.Community participation in tourism development of the Dong Village was analyzed from the perspectives of residents' participation in decision-making and management,reception and catering services,group performance,making and selling ethnic artworks,protection of village tourist resources and environment.And meanwhile,problems were pointed out as "still maintaining in the early stage of its tourism development,fewer opportunities for its residents participating in tourism development,resource protection being divorced from tourism benefits and so on",on the basis of which corresponding solutions were offered as "expanding the field of participation,improving the level of participation,increasing benefits of local residents;insisting on the principle of "not participating intentionally is the best way of their participation,guaranteeing economic compensation for rural residents;enhancing infrastructure construction;establishing a museum of folk-custom materials;creating a favorable atmosphere of folk cultures;enhancing cooperation with its neighboring villages in tourism development,and creating a "local industrial chain";establishing a research center of cultural tourism development of the Dong Minority.
