The success of naturalistic or therapeutic neuroregeneration likely depends on an internal milieu that facilitates the survival,proliferation,migration,and differentiation of stem cells and their assimilation into neu...The success of naturalistic or therapeutic neuroregeneration likely depends on an internal milieu that facilitates the survival,proliferation,migration,and differentiation of stem cells and their assimilation into neural networks.Migraine attacks are an integrated sequence of physiological processes that may protect the brain from oxidative stress by releasing growth factors,suppressing apoptosis,stimulating neurogenesis,encouraging mitochondrial biogenesis,reducing the production of oxidants,and upregulating antioxidant defenses.Thus,the migraine attack may constitute a physiologic environment conducive to stem cells.In this paper,key components of migraine are reviewed – neurogenic inflammation with release of calcitonin gene-related peptide（CGRP） and substance P,plasma protein extravasation,platelet activation,release of serotonin by platelets and likely by the dorsal raphe nucleus,activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase（e NOS）,production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF） and,in migraine aura,cortical spreading depression – along with their potential neurorestorative aspects.The possibility is considered of using these components to facilitate successful stem cell transplantation.Potential methods for doing so are discussed,including chemical stimulation of the TRPA1 ion channel,conjoint activation of a subset of migraine components,invasive and noninvasive deep brain stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus,transcranial focused ultrasound,and stimulation of the Zusanli（ST36） acupuncture point.展开更多
Purpose: Chronic migraines and headaches are significant public health problems, and their symptomatologies have been positively linked to diet. We explored if individuals suffering from chronic migraines/ headaches w...Purpose: Chronic migraines and headaches are significant public health problems, and their symptomatologies have been positively linked to diet. We explored if individuals suffering from chronic migraines/ headaches who required medication treatment had improvement in symptomatology and subjective ratings of QoL when following an immune-reactive food exclusion diet based on the results of the ImmunoBloodprint test, an IgG-mediated food sensitivity assay. Methods: Thirty-seven subjects, aged 18 and over, took part in the study. Subjects had to eliminate all reactive foods from their diet for 90 days. Migraine intensity and frequency were measured using the MTAQ, and QoL was assessed with the SF-36 survey at base- line and 30-, 60-, and 90-day follow-up. Results: Sub- jects who eliminated IgG-mediated reactive foods from their diet had reductions in migraine symptomatology and had improvements in nearly all indicators of QoL, according to the SF-36, from baseline to 90-day follow-up. Conclusions: Subjects were able to improve their migraine symptoms and QoL in response to eliminating IgG reactive foods from the diet. This test may represent a strategy to help mediate chronic migraine symptomatology without the use of medication.展开更多
Vestibular Migraine (VM) is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo and migraine symptoms. The pathogenesis of VM is complex and involves multiple genetic and environmental factor...Vestibular Migraine (VM) is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo and migraine symptoms. The pathogenesis of VM is complex and involves multiple genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies have suggested that the pathogenesis of vestibular migraine may be associated with variations in the CACNA1A gene, which is an important gene target for controlling calcium ion channels. Such variations may further affect the functions of the vestibular nervous system, thereby causing a series of vestibular nervous system-related symptoms. This article will summarize the genetic association studies of vestibular migraine, vestibular function studies, and research on how to establish relevant animal models to illustrate the possible association between CACNA1A variations and the pathogenesis of VM, providing new ideas for clarifying the pathogenesis of VM.展开更多
Objective To analyze the prevalence and burden of headache disorders in China and its provinces from 1990 to 2021.Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study(GBD)2021,the number of prevalent cases,preva...Objective To analyze the prevalence and burden of headache disorders in China and its provinces from 1990 to 2021.Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study(GBD)2021,the number of prevalent cases,prevalence rate,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),and age-standardized DALY rates were analyzed by sex,age group,and province for headache disorders and their subtypes(migraine and tension-type headache[TTH])between 1990 and 2021.Percentage changes during this period were also estimated.Results In 2021,approximately 426 million individuals in China were affected by headache disorders,with an age-standardized prevalence rate of 27,582.61/100,000.The age-standardized DALY rate for all headache disorders was 487.15/100,000.Between 1990 and 2021,the number of prevalent cases increased by 37.78%,while the prevalence of all headache disorders,migraine,and TTH increased by 6.92%,7.57%,and 7.86%,respectively.The highest prevalence was observed in the 30-34 age group(39,520.60/100,000).Migraine accounted for a larger proportion of DALYs attributable to headache disorders,whereas TTH has a greater impact on its prevalence.In 2021,the highest age-standardized DALY rates for headache disorders were observed in Heilongjiang(617.85/100,000)and Shanghai(542.86/100,000).Conclusion The prevalence of headache disorders is increasing in China.Effective health education,improve diagnosis and treatment are essential,particularly for middle-aged working populations and women of childbearing age.展开更多
BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLS)is characterized by an urge to move with an unpleasant sensation in the lower limbs.RLS typically affects the legs.However,it can also affect several other body regions,such as th...BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLS)is characterized by an urge to move with an unpleasant sensation in the lower limbs.RLS typically affects the legs.However,it can also affect several other body regions,such as the arms,abdomen,face,neck,head,and genital area.There are only a few reports of the RLS variant affecting the head.AIM To assess the epidemiological,clinical,and other aspects of the RLS variant affecting the head.METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 17 adult patients(>18 years)who met the RLS criteria and simultaneously experienced RLS-like symptoms in the head.RESULTS The median age at which symptoms appeared was 41.6 years.Males and females were equally affected(1.1:1).All 17 patients had uncomfortable sensations in the lower legs.Insomnia or disturbed sleep was the most common comorbidity(n=16,88.2%).However,headache was the most common presenting or primary symptom(n=10,70.5%).Dizziness or an abnormal sensation in the head was the second most common presenting symptom(5 patients,29.4%).Other presenting features were leg pain,backache,and generalized body pain.All patients responded favorably to dopaminergic medications.CONCLUSION If RLS-related unpleasant sensations and pain are felt in the head,they may be misinterpreted as headache,dizziness,or psychosomatic symptoms.RLS and headaches in a subset of patients may be two phenotypic manifestations of the same disorder.展开更多
BACKGROUND Migraine has been proposed as a potential contributing factor to ischemic complications involving the retina and optic nerve.Ophthalmic disorders connected with migraine encompass occlusions of the branch a...BACKGROUND Migraine has been proposed as a potential contributing factor to ischemic complications involving the retina and optic nerve.Ophthalmic disorders connected with migraine encompass occlusions of the branch and central retinal arteries and veins,alongside anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to identify these macular subclinical microvascular and structural changes.AIM To evaluate macular and peripapillary structural and microvasculature changes in patients with migraine with aura(MA),migraine without aura(MW),and healthy control(HC)participants using OCTA.METHODS In this observational cross-sectional study,we studied a total of 100 eyes:(1)32 eyes of 16 patients with MA;(2)36 eyes of 18 patients with MW,recruited based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders;and(3)32 eyes of 16 age and sex-matched healthy participants.Foveal flux,foveal avascular zone(FAZ),peripapillary flux obtained from OCTA,and foveal and peripapillary ganglion cell layer(GCL)thickness calculated via optical coherence tomography were compared among the groups.RESULTS The mean FAZ area measured in patients with MA and MW was significantly larger than that in the control participants(P=0.002).However,there was no significant difference between the FAZ of the MA and MW groups.Macular perfusion in the superficial capillary plexus in patients with MA was significantly lower compared to MW(P=0.0018)and HCs(P=0.002).There was also significant thinning of the GCL in patients with MA and MW(P=0.001)compared to HCs.However,there was no significant difference in temporal GCL thickness between the MA and MW groups.CONCLUSION Significant changes have been found in structural and microvascular parameters in patients with migraines compared with HCs.OCTA can serve as a valuable non-invasive imaging technique for identifying microcirculatory disturbances,aiding in better understanding the pathogenesis of different types of migraine and establishing their link with other ischemic retinal and systemic pathologies.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To take Baihui(GV20)and Fengchi(GB20)targeting inflammatory response to regulate migraine as an example to describe a new method for studying the mechanism of stimulating acupoints.METHODS:The target informa...OBJECTIVE:To take Baihui(GV20)and Fengchi(GB20)targeting inflammatory response to regulate migraine as an example to describe a new method for studying the mechanism of stimulating acupoints.METHODS:The target information of Baihui(GV20)and Fengchi(GB20)was retrieved,and after intersection with migraine,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),Reactome,and Uni Prot Keywords were used for functional enrichment.After selecting the main pathway,rats were selected and nitroglycerin was used for modeling,and the behavioral scores,inflammatory factors,heme oxygenase 1(HMOX1),protein kinase B(AKT1),signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(P-ERK1/ERK2)and other states of the rats in the acupuncture,twisting,and electroacupuncture groups were compared.RESULTS:A total of 135 Baihui(GV20)targets and 27 Fengchi(GB20)targets were collected.A total of 73 target information were obtained after the intersection of these targets in migraine.These 73 targets have three main pathways:hypoxia-inducible factor 1(HIF-1)signaling pathway,signaling by interleukins and inflammatory response.The main targets in the pathway were verified and found that interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and HMOX1,AKT1,STAT3,P-ERK1/ERK2 can be regulated by Baihui(GV20)and Fengchi(GB20).CONCLUSION:Baihui(GV20)and Fengchi(GB20)can regulate migraine by regulating inflammatory factors and HMOX1,AKT1,STAT3,P-ERK1/ERK2 and other changes in HIF-1 signaling pathway,Signaling by Interleukins and Inflammatory response pathways.Based on systems biology and network pharmacology,and with the model of"acupoint-target-disease",explore the research methods of systematic acupuncture and moxibustion.We believe this is a usable research direction for exploring the mechanism of acupuncture stimulation.展开更多
Objective:To analyze and validate how Jiawei Sanpian decoction treats migraines by integrating network pharmacology,molecular docking technology,and experimental studies.Method:Using network pharmacology,the chemical ...Objective:To analyze and validate how Jiawei Sanpian decoction treats migraines by integrating network pharmacology,molecular docking technology,and experimental studies.Method:Using network pharmacology,the chemical components and core target proteins of the Jiawei Sanpian decoction were analyzed.Key chemical components were docked with core targets using mo-lecular docking,and the results were visualized.Nitroglycerin was injected into the dorsal cervical region to establish a rat migraine model.Finally,experiments were conducted to verify the effects of Jiawei Sanpian on related pathways and targets.Results:Four notable chemical components were identified,namely,b-sitosterol,quercetin,mairin,and kaempferol.Five representative targets were identified,namely,insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1),matrix metallopeptidase 2(MMP-2),interleukin-2(IL-2),superoxide dismutase 2(SOD2),and inducible nitric oxide synthase(NOS2).Molecular docking results revealed that the minimum binding energies between the four chemical components and the five targets were below5 kcal/mol,indicating favor-able binding activity.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)results demonstrated the efficacy of high-dose Jiawei Sanpian decoction in treating migraine by targeting IGF-1,IL-2,MMP-2,and SOD2(P<0.001).Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)results demonstrated the effectiveness of high-dose Jiawei Sanpian decoction in treating migraine by targeting IGF-1,IL-2,MMP-2,and SOD2(P<0.001).After using erastin,the therapeutic effect of Jiawei Sanpian decoction declined.Conclusion:This study provides initial insights into the complex and multilayered therapeutic mecha-nisms of Jiawei Sanpian decoction in treating migraine,primarily through its diverse components,tar-gets,and pathways.These findings indicate that Jiawei Sanpian decoction may exert its effects mainly through processes linked to the mitochondrial inflammatory pathway,thereby providing therapeutic benefits for migraine.展开更多
Background:Vestibular migraine(VM)is a common disorder characterized by recurrent dizziness or vertigo,often aggravated by cold exposure.This study aimed to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs(circRNAs)in ...Background:Vestibular migraine(VM)is a common disorder characterized by recurrent dizziness or vertigo,often aggravated by cold exposure.This study aimed to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs(circRNAs)in cold-region VM and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods:Peripheral blood samples from long-term residents of Heilongjiang Province profiled by circRNA microarray,and differentially expressed circRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).A competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)network and enriched pathways were inferred by bioinformatics.A VM-like mouse model was established using nitroglycerin(NTG)and kainic acid(KA)and confirmed by behavioral testing and western blot.The hsa_circ_0003201/miR-31-5p/triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)axis and related pathways were examined in clinical samples and in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis(TNC)and vestibular nuclei(VN)of mice using qRT-PCR,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and western blot.CircRNA microarray profiling also compared expression patterns between VM and migraine patients.Results:Hsa_circ_0003201 was significantly upregulated in cold-region VM patients.Bioinformatic analyses revealed that hsa_circ_0003201 may regulate the miR-31-5p/TREM2 axis and be associated with phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling,pyruvate metabolism,and transient receptor potential(TRP)pathways.Clinical validation confirmed increased hsa_circ_0003201 and TREM2 and decreased miR-31-5p.VM-like mice exhibited central sensitization and vestibular dysfunction,with increased TREM2,decreased miR-31-5p,and PI3K/AKT activation in the TNC and VN.Comparative circRNA analysis between VM and migraine patients indicated distinct expression patterns.Conclusion:Hsa_circ_0003201 shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker for cold-region VM,and the hsa_circ_0003201/miR-31-5p/TREM2 axis may contribute to pathogenesis through PI3K/AKT signaling,pyruvate metabolism,and TRP-related pathways.展开更多
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of opposing needling for the treatment of migraine with the symptom of hyperactivity of liver yang type and its effect on NO level in plasma of patients. Methods Atotal of 60...Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of opposing needling for the treatment of migraine with the symptom of hyperactivity of liver yang type and its effect on NO level in plasma of patients. Methods Atotal of 60 migraine patients with the symptom of hyperactivity of liver yang who met the inclusive criteria were randomly divided into a opposing needling group （group A） and a routine acupuncture group （group B） by using SPSS 15.0 software according to the registration order with 30 patients in each group. Patients in group A were treated with opposing needling. Taich6ng （太冲 LR 3）, Zhongzhu （中渚 TE 3）, ZOlfnqi （足临泣 GB 41） and QiOxu （丘墟 GB 40） in the uninjured side were selected. After deqi, reducing method was used. Then Taixi （太溪 KI 3） in the uninjured side was selected. After deqi, rein forcing method was used. Needles were retained for 30 rain. Patients in group B were treated with routine acupuncture. Local Ash point, Sishncong （ 四神聪EX-HN1）, Yifeng （翳风 TE 17）, Fengchi （风池 GB 20）, Sizhukong （丝竹空 TE 23）, Shuaigu （率谷GB 8）, Hegu （合谷 LI 4） and LiEque （列缺 LU 7） were selected. After puncturing, reducing method was used routinely and needles were retained for 30 rain. After 2 weeks treatment, migraine specific quality of life questionnaire （MSQ）, visual analogue scale （VAS） and nitric oxide （NO） level in plasma of patients in two groups were observed. Results After treatment, the MSQ, VAS and NO of two groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment. After treatment, score of MSQ functional limitation was 73.41±10.22 in group A and 60.95 ± 10.15 in group B; the score of MSQ dysfunction was 86.11 ±8.22 in group A and 75.45±8.34 in group B; score of MSQ emotion was 80.51±10.16 in group A and 75.01± 10.20 in group B. The improvements of group A were superior to those of group B, and the differences were all statistically significant （all P〈0.05）. After treatment, the VAS score was 0.93 ± 1.25 in group A and 2.17± 1.70 in group B. The improvement of group A was superior to that of group B, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. After treatment, blood plasma NO level was （42.15 ± 16.15） μmol/L in group A and （62.76±15.17） μmol/L in group B. The improvement of group A was superior to that of group B, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Overall response rate was 86.7% （26/30） in group A and 53.3% （16/30） in group B, and the difference between two groups was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Opposing needling is an effective method for the treatment of migraine with the symptom of hyperactivity of liver yong. Its mechanism is to regulate the generation of NO in migraine patients, and improve the relaxation and contraction of cerebral vascular smooth muscle, so as to adjust the cerebral circulation.展开更多
Migraine is a complex and heterogeneous disorder. Although several genetic models has been proposed including autosomal-dominant/autosomal recessive, sex-linked, sex-limited, mitochondrial, and multi-gene, none of the...Migraine is a complex and heterogeneous disorder. Although several genetic models has been proposed including autosomal-dominant/autosomal recessive, sex-linked, sex-limited, mitochondrial, and multi-gene, none of these models can well-explain the transmission of the disease. We hypothesied that migraine is a sex-conditioned inherited disorder （autosomal dominant in females and autosomal recessive in males）. This hypothesis is supported by the evidence such as the locations of genes associated with familial hemiplegic migraine, possibly ＂typical＂ migraine as well （dominantly on chromosome 19p, lq, and 2q）, male：female ratio of prevalence （1：2-1：4）, the mostly youth-onset, the provocation by the contraceptives, the induction by menstruation, and the self-limitation after menopause. Female sex-hormones appear to be the key contributor to a higher prevalence of migraine in female. Socio-environmental factors may also play an important role.展开更多
Objective To discuss the difference of electro-acupuncture and drug in controlling the attack of migraine due to hyperactivity of liver yang. Methods Three-centered random control method was used, and 300 qualified ca...Objective To discuss the difference of electro-acupuncture and drug in controlling the attack of migraine due to hyperactivity of liver yang. Methods Three-centered random control method was used, and 300 qualified cases were randomly divided into treatment group （146 cases according to the design） and control group （140 cases）, which were respectively treated with electro-acupuncture and drugs （Compound Aminopyrine Phenacetin Tablets, Ergotamine Caffeine Tablets, Diazepam Tablets）, and observed the overall effect and scores of headache, accompanying symptoms, psychological and social adaptability scores, life quality scores, TCM symptoms scores and follow-up results before and after the treatment. Results In treatment group, the successful rate of attack control was 47.3 %, the improvement rate was 73.3 %, and the total effectiveness was 90.4 %, the clinical control rate and improvement were much superior to control group （the clinical control rate 35.7 %, improvement 61.4 %, the total effectiveness 85. 7 % ）, P〈0. 01, the difference in effect was mainly reflected in patients with moderate severity; the total scores of TCM syndrome after the treatment was obviously significant or very obviously significant（ P〈0. 05, P〈0. 01 ）, but the headache scores between two groups was not obviously significant（P〉0.05）, the difference in accompanying symptoms was significant（ P〈0. 01 ） ;the long term attack control action in two groups was not satisfactory, the recurrence was similar （P〉0. 05） ,the severity of headache in recurrence cases of treatment group was alleviated and superior to control group（ P 〈 0. 01 ）, the occurrence of headache after the treatment is much less than that before the treatment and the situation after 2 months was superior to control group （P〈0. 01 ）. Sleepiness and redness of face in some patients which were seen in control group weren＇t seen in treatment group. Conclusion Electro-acupuncture on Tàiyáng （太阳 EX-HN5） can control the attack of migraine due to hyperactivity of liver yang, and it has advantages in improving the accompanying symptoms and reducing the toxic and side effects of western drugs.展开更多
Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of electro acupuncture at QIǖXǖ（丘墟GB40） for treating migraine and provide clinical study for Acupoints Dictionary of People＇s Republic of China. Methods Multi-center ...Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of electro acupuncture at QIǖXǖ（丘墟GB40） for treating migraine and provide clinical study for Acupoints Dictionary of People＇s Republic of China. Methods Multi-center （3 First-Class hospitals） study was adopted, and the involved 3 hospitals did clinical observation according to the requirements of the project. The methods are as follows. All cases were randomized into treatment group and control group according to their sequence. QIǖXǖ（丘墟GB40） was selected in treatment group, while Tiānshū （天枢 ST25） was selected in control group. Both groups were performed electro acupuncture, and syndromes indexes of migraine and 5-HT were observed before and after treatment. All data were analyzed by statistic software SPSS11.5. Results There was significant difference of VAS margin between two groups in each center and the combined center （u= -3. 362, P=0. 001 ）. There was significant difference of therapeutic effect of 4-week treatment between two groups in each clinical center and the combined center. The therapeutic effect of 3-month treatment between two groups in No. 1 and No. 3 hospitals, showed significant difference, the treatment group was better; while that of No. 2 hospital had no obvious difference. The therapeutic effect of 6-month treatment between two groups in each center and the combined center had significant difference, the treatment group was better. Conclusion The therapy of electro acupuncture at QIǖXǖ（丘墟GB40） is effective for migraine.展开更多
To clarify the active components of Wuzhuyu-tang, this study analyzed dynamic changes of 10 ingredients of Wuzhuyu-tang in plasma using combination high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry after oral a...To clarify the active components of Wuzhuyu-tang, this study analyzed dynamic changes of 10 ingredients of Wuzhuyu-tang in plasma using combination high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry after oral administration in rats. The results showed that seven ingredients were detected in portal vein plasma after oral administration of 16.3 or 8.15 g/kg equivalent of raw material of Wuzhuyu-tang extract. The absorption rate of limonin, evodiamine, gingerol （6-Gi）, and ginsenoside-Rg1 was greater than that of isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucosyl （6″→1″′）-α-L-rhamnoside, ginsenoside-Rb1 （Rb1）, and ginsenoside-Re （Re）. The time most elements were absorbed into the blood was 30 to 60 minutes after administration. Re, 6-Gi and Rb1 were metabolized faster. The results suggest that the seven ingredients described above are the active components for treating migraines.展开更多
Traumatic brain injury is a major health concern worldwide with massive financial and social impact. Conventional treatments primarily focus on the prevention of further damage to the brain parenchyma, while failing t...Traumatic brain injury is a major health concern worldwide with massive financial and social impact. Conventional treatments primarily focus on the prevention of further damage to the brain parenchyma, while failing to address the already existent symptoms. Previous clinical studies have shown that Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) can significantly reduce pain and induce temporary vasodilation in capillaries, which the authors hypothesize can be used to improve the quality of life in TBI patients by treating their current symptoms, which are predominately migraine-like headaches. This case report illustrates the use of LLLT in the treatment of a patient with a TBI and the great clinical success achieved in the reduction of pain, as measured by VAS—achievable within five treatments of 10 minutes in duration.展开更多
文摘The success of naturalistic or therapeutic neuroregeneration likely depends on an internal milieu that facilitates the survival,proliferation,migration,and differentiation of stem cells and their assimilation into neural networks.Migraine attacks are an integrated sequence of physiological processes that may protect the brain from oxidative stress by releasing growth factors,suppressing apoptosis,stimulating neurogenesis,encouraging mitochondrial biogenesis,reducing the production of oxidants,and upregulating antioxidant defenses.Thus,the migraine attack may constitute a physiologic environment conducive to stem cells.In this paper,key components of migraine are reviewed – neurogenic inflammation with release of calcitonin gene-related peptide（CGRP） and substance P,plasma protein extravasation,platelet activation,release of serotonin by platelets and likely by the dorsal raphe nucleus,activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase（e NOS）,production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF） and,in migraine aura,cortical spreading depression – along with their potential neurorestorative aspects.The possibility is considered of using these components to facilitate successful stem cell transplantation.Potential methods for doing so are discussed,including chemical stimulation of the TRPA1 ion channel,conjoint activation of a subset of migraine components,invasive and noninvasive deep brain stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus,transcranial focused ultrasound,and stimulation of the Zusanli（ST36） acupuncture point.
文摘Purpose: Chronic migraines and headaches are significant public health problems, and their symptomatologies have been positively linked to diet. We explored if individuals suffering from chronic migraines/ headaches who required medication treatment had improvement in symptomatology and subjective ratings of QoL when following an immune-reactive food exclusion diet based on the results of the ImmunoBloodprint test, an IgG-mediated food sensitivity assay. Methods: Thirty-seven subjects, aged 18 and over, took part in the study. Subjects had to eliminate all reactive foods from their diet for 90 days. Migraine intensity and frequency were measured using the MTAQ, and QoL was assessed with the SF-36 survey at base- line and 30-, 60-, and 90-day follow-up. Results: Sub- jects who eliminated IgG-mediated reactive foods from their diet had reductions in migraine symptomatology and had improvements in nearly all indicators of QoL, according to the SF-36, from baseline to 90-day follow-up. Conclusions: Subjects were able to improve their migraine symptoms and QoL in response to eliminating IgG reactive foods from the diet. This test may represent a strategy to help mediate chronic migraine symptomatology without the use of medication.
文摘Vestibular Migraine (VM) is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo and migraine symptoms. The pathogenesis of VM is complex and involves multiple genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies have suggested that the pathogenesis of vestibular migraine may be associated with variations in the CACNA1A gene, which is an important gene target for controlling calcium ion channels. Such variations may further affect the functions of the vestibular nervous system, thereby causing a series of vestibular nervous system-related symptoms. This article will summarize the genetic association studies of vestibular migraine, vestibular function studies, and research on how to establish relevant animal models to illustrate the possible association between CACNA1A variations and the pathogenesis of VM, providing new ideas for clarifying the pathogenesis of VM.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1315301).
文摘Objective To analyze the prevalence and burden of headache disorders in China and its provinces from 1990 to 2021.Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study(GBD)2021,the number of prevalent cases,prevalence rate,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),and age-standardized DALY rates were analyzed by sex,age group,and province for headache disorders and their subtypes(migraine and tension-type headache[TTH])between 1990 and 2021.Percentage changes during this period were also estimated.Results In 2021,approximately 426 million individuals in China were affected by headache disorders,with an age-standardized prevalence rate of 27,582.61/100,000.The age-standardized DALY rate for all headache disorders was 487.15/100,000.Between 1990 and 2021,the number of prevalent cases increased by 37.78%,while the prevalence of all headache disorders,migraine,and TTH increased by 6.92%,7.57%,and 7.86%,respectively.The highest prevalence was observed in the 30-34 age group(39,520.60/100,000).Migraine accounted for a larger proportion of DALYs attributable to headache disorders,whereas TTH has a greater impact on its prevalence.In 2021,the highest age-standardized DALY rates for headache disorders were observed in Heilongjiang(617.85/100,000)and Shanghai(542.86/100,000).Conclusion The prevalence of headache disorders is increasing in China.Effective health education,improve diagnosis and treatment are essential,particularly for middle-aged working populations and women of childbearing age.
文摘BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLS)is characterized by an urge to move with an unpleasant sensation in the lower limbs.RLS typically affects the legs.However,it can also affect several other body regions,such as the arms,abdomen,face,neck,head,and genital area.There are only a few reports of the RLS variant affecting the head.AIM To assess the epidemiological,clinical,and other aspects of the RLS variant affecting the head.METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 17 adult patients(>18 years)who met the RLS criteria and simultaneously experienced RLS-like symptoms in the head.RESULTS The median age at which symptoms appeared was 41.6 years.Males and females were equally affected(1.1:1).All 17 patients had uncomfortable sensations in the lower legs.Insomnia or disturbed sleep was the most common comorbidity(n=16,88.2%).However,headache was the most common presenting or primary symptom(n=10,70.5%).Dizziness or an abnormal sensation in the head was the second most common presenting symptom(5 patients,29.4%).Other presenting features were leg pain,backache,and generalized body pain.All patients responded favorably to dopaminergic medications.CONCLUSION If RLS-related unpleasant sensations and pain are felt in the head,they may be misinterpreted as headache,dizziness,or psychosomatic symptoms.RLS and headaches in a subset of patients may be two phenotypic manifestations of the same disorder.
文摘BACKGROUND Migraine has been proposed as a potential contributing factor to ischemic complications involving the retina and optic nerve.Ophthalmic disorders connected with migraine encompass occlusions of the branch and central retinal arteries and veins,alongside anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to identify these macular subclinical microvascular and structural changes.AIM To evaluate macular and peripapillary structural and microvasculature changes in patients with migraine with aura(MA),migraine without aura(MW),and healthy control(HC)participants using OCTA.METHODS In this observational cross-sectional study,we studied a total of 100 eyes:(1)32 eyes of 16 patients with MA;(2)36 eyes of 18 patients with MW,recruited based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders;and(3)32 eyes of 16 age and sex-matched healthy participants.Foveal flux,foveal avascular zone(FAZ),peripapillary flux obtained from OCTA,and foveal and peripapillary ganglion cell layer(GCL)thickness calculated via optical coherence tomography were compared among the groups.RESULTS The mean FAZ area measured in patients with MA and MW was significantly larger than that in the control participants(P=0.002).However,there was no significant difference between the FAZ of the MA and MW groups.Macular perfusion in the superficial capillary plexus in patients with MA was significantly lower compared to MW(P=0.0018)and HCs(P=0.002).There was also significant thinning of the GCL in patients with MA and MW(P=0.001)compared to HCs.However,there was no significant difference in temporal GCL thickness between the MA and MW groups.CONCLUSION Significant changes have been found in structural and microvascular parameters in patients with migraines compared with HCs.OCTA can serve as a valuable non-invasive imaging technique for identifying microcirculatory disturbances,aiding in better understanding the pathogenesis of different types of migraine and establishing their link with other ischemic retinal and systemic pathologies.
基金the Study on the Mechanism of Action of Dutong and Tiaoshen Acupuncture in Improving Upper Limb Motor Function After Ischemic Stroke based on Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy Technology(Science and Technology Program of Panyu,2022-Z04-107)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To take Baihui(GV20)and Fengchi(GB20)targeting inflammatory response to regulate migraine as an example to describe a new method for studying the mechanism of stimulating acupoints.METHODS:The target information of Baihui(GV20)and Fengchi(GB20)was retrieved,and after intersection with migraine,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),Reactome,and Uni Prot Keywords were used for functional enrichment.After selecting the main pathway,rats were selected and nitroglycerin was used for modeling,and the behavioral scores,inflammatory factors,heme oxygenase 1(HMOX1),protein kinase B(AKT1),signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(P-ERK1/ERK2)and other states of the rats in the acupuncture,twisting,and electroacupuncture groups were compared.RESULTS:A total of 135 Baihui(GV20)targets and 27 Fengchi(GB20)targets were collected.A total of 73 target information were obtained after the intersection of these targets in migraine.These 73 targets have three main pathways:hypoxia-inducible factor 1(HIF-1)signaling pathway,signaling by interleukins and inflammatory response.The main targets in the pathway were verified and found that interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and HMOX1,AKT1,STAT3,P-ERK1/ERK2 can be regulated by Baihui(GV20)and Fengchi(GB20).CONCLUSION:Baihui(GV20)and Fengchi(GB20)can regulate migraine by regulating inflammatory factors and HMOX1,AKT1,STAT3,P-ERK1/ERK2 and other changes in HIF-1 signaling pathway,Signaling by Interleukins and Inflammatory response pathways.Based on systems biology and network pharmacology,and with the model of"acupoint-target-disease",explore the research methods of systematic acupuncture and moxibustion.We believe this is a usable research direction for exploring the mechanism of acupuncture stimulation.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81873256)Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen(3502Z202371045).
文摘Objective:To analyze and validate how Jiawei Sanpian decoction treats migraines by integrating network pharmacology,molecular docking technology,and experimental studies.Method:Using network pharmacology,the chemical components and core target proteins of the Jiawei Sanpian decoction were analyzed.Key chemical components were docked with core targets using mo-lecular docking,and the results were visualized.Nitroglycerin was injected into the dorsal cervical region to establish a rat migraine model.Finally,experiments were conducted to verify the effects of Jiawei Sanpian on related pathways and targets.Results:Four notable chemical components were identified,namely,b-sitosterol,quercetin,mairin,and kaempferol.Five representative targets were identified,namely,insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1),matrix metallopeptidase 2(MMP-2),interleukin-2(IL-2),superoxide dismutase 2(SOD2),and inducible nitric oxide synthase(NOS2).Molecular docking results revealed that the minimum binding energies between the four chemical components and the five targets were below5 kcal/mol,indicating favor-able binding activity.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)results demonstrated the efficacy of high-dose Jiawei Sanpian decoction in treating migraine by targeting IGF-1,IL-2,MMP-2,and SOD2(P<0.001).Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)results demonstrated the effectiveness of high-dose Jiawei Sanpian decoction in treating migraine by targeting IGF-1,IL-2,MMP-2,and SOD2(P<0.001).After using erastin,the therapeutic effect of Jiawei Sanpian decoction declined.Conclusion:This study provides initial insights into the complex and multilayered therapeutic mecha-nisms of Jiawei Sanpian decoction in treating migraine,primarily through its diverse components,tar-gets,and pathways.These findings indicate that Jiawei Sanpian decoction may exert its effects mainly through processes linked to the mitochondrial inflammatory pathway,thereby providing therapeutic benefits for migraine.
基金supported by General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82071549,82371483)Key Research&Development Program of Heilongjiang(No.2023ZX06C02)Youth Foundation of the first Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University(No.2024YQ22).
文摘Background:Vestibular migraine(VM)is a common disorder characterized by recurrent dizziness or vertigo,often aggravated by cold exposure.This study aimed to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs(circRNAs)in cold-region VM and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods:Peripheral blood samples from long-term residents of Heilongjiang Province profiled by circRNA microarray,and differentially expressed circRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).A competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)network and enriched pathways were inferred by bioinformatics.A VM-like mouse model was established using nitroglycerin(NTG)and kainic acid(KA)and confirmed by behavioral testing and western blot.The hsa_circ_0003201/miR-31-5p/triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)axis and related pathways were examined in clinical samples and in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis(TNC)and vestibular nuclei(VN)of mice using qRT-PCR,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and western blot.CircRNA microarray profiling also compared expression patterns between VM and migraine patients.Results:Hsa_circ_0003201 was significantly upregulated in cold-region VM patients.Bioinformatic analyses revealed that hsa_circ_0003201 may regulate the miR-31-5p/TREM2 axis and be associated with phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling,pyruvate metabolism,and transient receptor potential(TRP)pathways.Clinical validation confirmed increased hsa_circ_0003201 and TREM2 and decreased miR-31-5p.VM-like mice exhibited central sensitization and vestibular dysfunction,with increased TREM2,decreased miR-31-5p,and PI3K/AKT activation in the TNC and VN.Comparative circRNA analysis between VM and migraine patients indicated distinct expression patterns.Conclusion:Hsa_circ_0003201 shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker for cold-region VM,and the hsa_circ_0003201/miR-31-5p/TREM2 axis may contribute to pathogenesis through PI3K/AKT signaling,pyruvate metabolism,and TRP-related pathways.
基金Supported by Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong Province,project number:20141240
文摘Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of opposing needling for the treatment of migraine with the symptom of hyperactivity of liver yang type and its effect on NO level in plasma of patients. Methods Atotal of 60 migraine patients with the symptom of hyperactivity of liver yang who met the inclusive criteria were randomly divided into a opposing needling group （group A） and a routine acupuncture group （group B） by using SPSS 15.0 software according to the registration order with 30 patients in each group. Patients in group A were treated with opposing needling. Taich6ng （太冲 LR 3）, Zhongzhu （中渚 TE 3）, ZOlfnqi （足临泣 GB 41） and QiOxu （丘墟 GB 40） in the uninjured side were selected. After deqi, reducing method was used. Then Taixi （太溪 KI 3） in the uninjured side was selected. After deqi, rein forcing method was used. Needles were retained for 30 rain. Patients in group B were treated with routine acupuncture. Local Ash point, Sishncong （ 四神聪EX-HN1）, Yifeng （翳风 TE 17）, Fengchi （风池 GB 20）, Sizhukong （丝竹空 TE 23）, Shuaigu （率谷GB 8）, Hegu （合谷 LI 4） and LiEque （列缺 LU 7） were selected. After puncturing, reducing method was used routinely and needles were retained for 30 rain. After 2 weeks treatment, migraine specific quality of life questionnaire （MSQ）, visual analogue scale （VAS） and nitric oxide （NO） level in plasma of patients in two groups were observed. Results After treatment, the MSQ, VAS and NO of two groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment. After treatment, score of MSQ functional limitation was 73.41±10.22 in group A and 60.95 ± 10.15 in group B; the score of MSQ dysfunction was 86.11 ±8.22 in group A and 75.45±8.34 in group B; score of MSQ emotion was 80.51±10.16 in group A and 75.01± 10.20 in group B. The improvements of group A were superior to those of group B, and the differences were all statistically significant （all P〈0.05）. After treatment, the VAS score was 0.93 ± 1.25 in group A and 2.17± 1.70 in group B. The improvement of group A was superior to that of group B, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. After treatment, blood plasma NO level was （42.15 ± 16.15） μmol/L in group A and （62.76±15.17） μmol/L in group B. The improvement of group A was superior to that of group B, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Overall response rate was 86.7% （26/30） in group A and 53.3% （16/30） in group B, and the difference between two groups was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Opposing needling is an effective method for the treatment of migraine with the symptom of hyperactivity of liver yong. Its mechanism is to regulate the generation of NO in migraine patients, and improve the relaxation and contraction of cerebral vascular smooth muscle, so as to adjust the cerebral circulation.
文摘Migraine is a complex and heterogeneous disorder. Although several genetic models has been proposed including autosomal-dominant/autosomal recessive, sex-linked, sex-limited, mitochondrial, and multi-gene, none of these models can well-explain the transmission of the disease. We hypothesied that migraine is a sex-conditioned inherited disorder （autosomal dominant in females and autosomal recessive in males）. This hypothesis is supported by the evidence such as the locations of genes associated with familial hemiplegic migraine, possibly ＂typical＂ migraine as well （dominantly on chromosome 19p, lq, and 2q）, male：female ratio of prevalence （1：2-1：4）, the mostly youth-onset, the provocation by the contraceptives, the induction by menstruation, and the self-limitation after menopause. Female sex-hormones appear to be the key contributor to a higher prevalence of migraine in female. Socio-environmental factors may also play an important role.
文摘Objective To discuss the difference of electro-acupuncture and drug in controlling the attack of migraine due to hyperactivity of liver yang. Methods Three-centered random control method was used, and 300 qualified cases were randomly divided into treatment group （146 cases according to the design） and control group （140 cases）, which were respectively treated with electro-acupuncture and drugs （Compound Aminopyrine Phenacetin Tablets, Ergotamine Caffeine Tablets, Diazepam Tablets）, and observed the overall effect and scores of headache, accompanying symptoms, psychological and social adaptability scores, life quality scores, TCM symptoms scores and follow-up results before and after the treatment. Results In treatment group, the successful rate of attack control was 47.3 %, the improvement rate was 73.3 %, and the total effectiveness was 90.4 %, the clinical control rate and improvement were much superior to control group （the clinical control rate 35.7 %, improvement 61.4 %, the total effectiveness 85. 7 % ）, P〈0. 01, the difference in effect was mainly reflected in patients with moderate severity; the total scores of TCM syndrome after the treatment was obviously significant or very obviously significant（ P〈0. 05, P〈0. 01 ）, but the headache scores between two groups was not obviously significant（P〉0.05）, the difference in accompanying symptoms was significant（ P〈0. 01 ） ;the long term attack control action in two groups was not satisfactory, the recurrence was similar （P〉0. 05） ,the severity of headache in recurrence cases of treatment group was alleviated and superior to control group（ P 〈 0. 01 ）, the occurrence of headache after the treatment is much less than that before the treatment and the situation after 2 months was superior to control group （P〈0. 01 ）. Sleepiness and redness of face in some patients which were seen in control group weren＇t seen in treatment group. Conclusion Electro-acupuncture on Tàiyáng （太阳 EX-HN5） can control the attack of migraine due to hyperactivity of liver yang, and it has advantages in improving the accompanying symptoms and reducing the toxic and side effects of western drugs.
文摘Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of electro acupuncture at QIǖXǖ（丘墟GB40） for treating migraine and provide clinical study for Acupoints Dictionary of People＇s Republic of China. Methods Multi-center （3 First-Class hospitals） study was adopted, and the involved 3 hospitals did clinical observation according to the requirements of the project. The methods are as follows. All cases were randomized into treatment group and control group according to their sequence. QIǖXǖ（丘墟GB40） was selected in treatment group, while Tiānshū （天枢 ST25） was selected in control group. Both groups were performed electro acupuncture, and syndromes indexes of migraine and 5-HT were observed before and after treatment. All data were analyzed by statistic software SPSS11.5. Results There was significant difference of VAS margin between two groups in each center and the combined center （u= -3. 362, P=0. 001 ）. There was significant difference of therapeutic effect of 4-week treatment between two groups in each clinical center and the combined center. The therapeutic effect of 3-month treatment between two groups in No. 1 and No. 3 hospitals, showed significant difference, the treatment group was better; while that of No. 2 hospital had no obvious difference. The therapeutic effect of 6-month treatment between two groups in each center and the combined center had significant difference, the treatment group was better. Conclusion The therapy of electro acupuncture at QIǖXǖ（丘墟GB40） is effective for migraine.
基金the Scientific Research Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission-Capital Key Research Program of Chinese Medicine and Nursing, No. 10ZYH01the Supporting Program of the "Eleventh Five-year Plan" for Science and Technology Research of China, No.2006BAI08B03
文摘To clarify the active components of Wuzhuyu-tang, this study analyzed dynamic changes of 10 ingredients of Wuzhuyu-tang in plasma using combination high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry after oral administration in rats. The results showed that seven ingredients were detected in portal vein plasma after oral administration of 16.3 or 8.15 g/kg equivalent of raw material of Wuzhuyu-tang extract. The absorption rate of limonin, evodiamine, gingerol （6-Gi）, and ginsenoside-Rg1 was greater than that of isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucosyl （6″→1″′）-α-L-rhamnoside, ginsenoside-Rb1 （Rb1）, and ginsenoside-Re （Re）. The time most elements were absorbed into the blood was 30 to 60 minutes after administration. Re, 6-Gi and Rb1 were metabolized faster. The results suggest that the seven ingredients described above are the active components for treating migraines.
文摘Traumatic brain injury is a major health concern worldwide with massive financial and social impact. Conventional treatments primarily focus on the prevention of further damage to the brain parenchyma, while failing to address the already existent symptoms. Previous clinical studies have shown that Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) can significantly reduce pain and induce temporary vasodilation in capillaries, which the authors hypothesize can be used to improve the quality of life in TBI patients by treating their current symptoms, which are predominately migraine-like headaches. This case report illustrates the use of LLLT in the treatment of a patient with a TBI and the great clinical success achieved in the reduction of pain, as measured by VAS—achievable within five treatments of 10 minutes in duration.
