A methodology was proposed for the design of micropiles to increase earth slopes stability. An analytic model based on bearn-colurnn equation and an existing P-y curve method was set up and used to find the shear capa...A methodology was proposed for the design of micropiles to increase earth slopes stability. An analytic model based on bearn-colurnn equation and an existing P-y curve method was set up and used to find the shear capacity of the micropile. Then, a step-by-step design procedure for stabilization of earth slope with rnicropiles was introduced, involving six main steps： 1） Choosing a location for the rnicropiles within the existing slope; 2） Selecting micropile cross section; 3） Estimating length of rnicropile; 4） Evaluating shear capacity of mieropiles; 5） Calculating spacing required to provide force to stabilize the slope; 6） Designing the concrete cap beam. The application of the method to an embankment landslide in Qinghai Province was described in detail. In the final design, three rows of rnicropiles were adopted as a group and a total of 126 rnicropiles with 0.23 m in diameter were used. The micropile length ranged between 15 and 18 m, with the spacing 1.5 m at in-row direction. The monitoring data indicate that slope movement has been effectively controlled as a result of the slope stabilization measure, which verifies the reasonability of the design method.展开更多
The Hybrid A-Frame Micropile/MSE （mechanically stabilized earth） Wall suitable for mountain roadways is put forward in this study： a pair of vertical and inclined micropiles goes through the backfill region of a hi...The Hybrid A-Frame Micropile/MSE （mechanically stabilized earth） Wall suitable for mountain roadways is put forward in this study： a pair of vertical and inclined micropiles goes through the backfill region of a highway MSE Wall from the road surface and are then anchored into the foundation. The pile cap and grade beam are placed on the pile tops, and then a road barrier is connected to the grade beam by connecting pieces. The MSE wall＇s global stability, local stability and impact resistance of the road barrier can be enhanced simultaneously by this design. In order to validate the serviceability of the hybrid A-frame micropile/MSE wall and the reliability of the numerical method, scale model tests and a corresponding numerical simulation were conducted. Then, the seismic performance of the MSE walls before and after reinforcement with micropiles was studied comparatively through numerical methods. The results indicate that the hybrid A-frame micropile/ MSE wall can effectively control earthquake-induced deformation, differential settlement at the road surface, bearing pressure on the bottom and acceleration by means of a rigid-soft combination of micropiles and MSE. The accumulated displacement under earthquakes with amplitude of 0.1-0.5 g is reduced by 36.3%-46.5%, and the acceleration amplification factor on the top of the wall is reduced by 13.4%, 15.7% and 19.3% based on 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 g input earthquake loading, respectively, In addition, the earthquake-induced failure mode of the MSE wall in steep terrain is the sliding of the MSE region along the backslope, while the micropiles effectively control the sliding trend. The maximum earthquake-induced pile bending moment is in the interface between MSE and slope foundation, so it is necessary to strengthen the reinforcement of the pile body in the interface. Hence, it is proven that the hybrid A-frame micropile/MSE wall system has good seismic performance.展开更多
The Micropile-Mechanically Stabilized Earth(MSE) wall, specially designed for mountain roads, is proposed to improve the MSE wall local stability, global stability and impact resistance of roadside barriers. Model tes...The Micropile-Mechanically Stabilized Earth(MSE) wall, specially designed for mountain roads, is proposed to improve the MSE wall local stability, global stability and impact resistance of roadside barriers. Model tests and the corresponding numerical modeling were conducted to validate the serviceability of the Micropile-MSE wall and the reliability of the numerical method. Then, a parametric study of the stress and deformation of Micropile-MSE wall based on the backfill strength and interfacial friction angle between backfill and backslope is conducted to evaluate its performance.The test results indicate that the surcharge-induced horizontal earth pressure, base pressure and lateral displacement of the wall panel of Micropile-MSE wall decrease. The corresponding numerical results are nearly equal to the measured values. The basic failure mode of MSE wall in steep terrain is the sliding of backfill along the backslope, while A-frame style micropiles are capable of preventing the sliding trend.The maximum resultant displacement can be decreased by 6.25% to 46.9% based on different interfacial friction angles, and the displacement canbe reduced by 6% ~ 56.1% based on different backfill strengths. Furthermore, the reduction increases when the interfacial friction angle and internal friction angle of backfill decrease. In addition, the lateral displacement of wall panel, the deformation of backfill decrease and the tension strain of geogrid obviously, which guarantees the MSE wall functions and provides good conditions for mountain roads.展开更多
Micropiles are drilled and grouted piles having diameter between 100 to 250 mm. Due to its small diameter, it is suitable for low headroom and limited work area conditions. It can be installed without noise nuisance, ...Micropiles are drilled and grouted piles having diameter between 100 to 250 mm. Due to its small diameter, it is suitable for low headroom and limited work area conditions. It can be installed without noise nuisance, without vibrations to surrounding soils and structures and without disruption to the production operations in industries which makes micropiles suitable for underpinning and seismic retrofitting of structures. It is necessary to therefore understand the behaviour of micropiles under different loading conditions. This work is on vertical and battered micropiles with different length/diameter ratio (L/D) subjected to vertical and lateral loading conditions. Batter angles had a significant influence on both the vertical and lateral load carrying capacity. The ultimate vertical load was found to increase upto a 30°batter. The ultimate lateral load was found to increase significantly with increasing L/D ratios upto an L/D ratio of 30 for vertical and 48 for battered piles, beyond which the increase was found to be not significant. In general, negative battered micropiles offered more lateral resistance than positive battered micropiles. The results of the study indicated that the ultimate load capacity and mode of failure of the micropiles are a function of the angle of batter, direction of batter and the L/D ratio for vertically and laterally loaded micropiles.展开更多
This paper discusses the technique of casting concrete ofmicropiles with pressures and the consequence of comparisons with normal way of casting concrete （casting with gravity）. Preliminary geotechnical studies have...This paper discusses the technique of casting concrete ofmicropiles with pressures and the consequence of comparisons with normal way of casting concrete （casting with gravity）. Preliminary geotechnical studies have been made in specific area in Sudan to predict the soil parameters and then an experimental work has been done for an estimated number ofmicropiles with different diameters and different techniques of placing concrete with various amount of pressure. This study was carried out to learn the usefulness of this technique in the field of structural foundations in Sudan. Capacities of micropiles were compared in cases of non-pressure casting （normal way of casting concrete） and pressure casting. Through the results, it was found that the entry of pressure factor in the operation of casting concrete increases the capacities of micropiles. The increased value of ultimate load depends on the amount of pressure applied.展开更多
Aiming at the deformation control problem of the tunnel entrance crossing the spoil heap at the Xialao junction,this paper adopts the micropile combined with the coupling beams method to treat the spoiled layers.The r...Aiming at the deformation control problem of the tunnel entrance crossing the spoil heap at the Xialao junction,this paper adopts the micropile combined with the coupling beams method to treat the spoiled layers.The results show that the excavation of the tunnel after the construction of the micropile and coupling beam will cause vertical deformation of the tunnel and the slope surface.The main reason is that the soil layer structure is loose,and the tunnel excavation causes the whole displacement of the loose body.In addition,the buried depth of the tunnel is shallow,so it cannot form an effective soil arch.The stability process after the construction of the micropile method is the process of stress redistribution,and the rock and soil are gradually compressed and compacted.That is,the construction by the micropile method changes the surrounding rock level of the tunnel and reduces the height of the soil arch.Therefore,it is suggested that the tunnel excavation should be carried out when the micropile is constructed after the soil layers are consolidated completely.The micropile method treats the loose spoiled soil at the tunnel entrance,which saves 73%of the total cost compared with the scheme of directly digging out the accumulation,and the economic benefit is very obvious.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the potential active components and molecular mechanism of Ganlu Xiaodu MicroPill in the treatment of COVID-19 by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: the active chemical constitu...Objective: To analyze the potential active components and molecular mechanism of Ganlu Xiaodu MicroPill in the treatment of COVID-19 by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: the active chemical constituents and action targets of Ganlu Xiaodu MicroPill were searched by TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM platform, and the key targets were matched with the COVID-19 targets searched by CTD database. The core targets were selected and analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis by R software to predict the action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine compound. The key component sets were docked with 3CLpro and ACE2. Results: 138 active components and 53 key targets were obtained. There are 1298 items in GO biological process, 59 items in cell composition, 62 items in molecular function, and 120 items enriched in KEGG pathway. Results: molecular docking showed that the affinity of 20 chemical components such as quercetin, luteolin and kaempferol with ACE2 and 3CLpro was higher than that of ribavirin and chloroquine. Conclusion: Ganlu Xiaodu MicroPill may regulate and interfere with SARS-CoV-2 infection through antivirus, inhibition of inflammatory factors and regulation of immunity, which fully reflects the therapeutic advantages of multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways of traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
基金Projects(51034005,41002090) supported by National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2011QZ05) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘A methodology was proposed for the design of micropiles to increase earth slopes stability. An analytic model based on bearn-colurnn equation and an existing P-y curve method was set up and used to find the shear capacity of the micropile. Then, a step-by-step design procedure for stabilization of earth slope with rnicropiles was introduced, involving six main steps： 1） Choosing a location for the rnicropiles within the existing slope; 2） Selecting micropile cross section; 3） Estimating length of rnicropile; 4） Evaluating shear capacity of mieropiles; 5） Calculating spacing required to provide force to stabilize the slope; 6） Designing the concrete cap beam. The application of the method to an embankment landslide in Qinghai Province was described in detail. In the final design, three rows of rnicropiles were adopted as a group and a total of 126 rnicropiles with 0.23 m in diameter were used. The micropile length ranged between 15 and 18 m, with the spacing 1.5 m at in-row direction. The monitoring data indicate that slope movement has been effectively controlled as a result of the slope stabilization measure, which verifies the reasonability of the design method.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51609040Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province under Grant No.2016J05112Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province under Grant No.2015J01158
文摘The Hybrid A-Frame Micropile/MSE （mechanically stabilized earth） Wall suitable for mountain roadways is put forward in this study： a pair of vertical and inclined micropiles goes through the backfill region of a highway MSE Wall from the road surface and are then anchored into the foundation. The pile cap and grade beam are placed on the pile tops, and then a road barrier is connected to the grade beam by connecting pieces. The MSE wall＇s global stability, local stability and impact resistance of the road barrier can be enhanced simultaneously by this design. In order to validate the serviceability of the hybrid A-frame micropile/MSE wall and the reliability of the numerical method, scale model tests and a corresponding numerical simulation were conducted. Then, the seismic performance of the MSE walls before and after reinforcement with micropiles was studied comparatively through numerical methods. The results indicate that the hybrid A-frame micropile/ MSE wall can effectively control earthquake-induced deformation, differential settlement at the road surface, bearing pressure on the bottom and acceleration by means of a rigid-soft combination of micropiles and MSE. The accumulated displacement under earthquakes with amplitude of 0.1-0.5 g is reduced by 36.3%-46.5%, and the acceleration amplification factor on the top of the wall is reduced by 13.4%, 15.7% and 19.3% based on 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 g input earthquake loading, respectively, In addition, the earthquake-induced failure mode of the MSE wall in steep terrain is the sliding of the MSE region along the backslope, while the micropiles effectively control the sliding trend. The maximum earthquake-induced pile bending moment is in the interface between MSE and slope foundation, so it is necessary to strengthen the reinforcement of the pile body in the interface. Hence, it is proven that the hybrid A-frame micropile/MSE wall system has good seismic performance.
基金sponsored by Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT Award No. 12 HAA 38229) to R.Y.S.P.partial funding was received by Z.Z. from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51379067, 51609040, 51420105013)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Grant No. 2016J05112)Science and Technology Project of Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Fujian Province (DK2016014)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Grant No. 2015J01158)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2015B17314)
文摘The Micropile-Mechanically Stabilized Earth(MSE) wall, specially designed for mountain roads, is proposed to improve the MSE wall local stability, global stability and impact resistance of roadside barriers. Model tests and the corresponding numerical modeling were conducted to validate the serviceability of the Micropile-MSE wall and the reliability of the numerical method. Then, a parametric study of the stress and deformation of Micropile-MSE wall based on the backfill strength and interfacial friction angle between backfill and backslope is conducted to evaluate its performance.The test results indicate that the surcharge-induced horizontal earth pressure, base pressure and lateral displacement of the wall panel of Micropile-MSE wall decrease. The corresponding numerical results are nearly equal to the measured values. The basic failure mode of MSE wall in steep terrain is the sliding of backfill along the backslope, while A-frame style micropiles are capable of preventing the sliding trend.The maximum resultant displacement can be decreased by 6.25% to 46.9% based on different interfacial friction angles, and the displacement canbe reduced by 6% ~ 56.1% based on different backfill strengths. Furthermore, the reduction increases when the interfacial friction angle and internal friction angle of backfill decrease. In addition, the lateral displacement of wall panel, the deformation of backfill decrease and the tension strain of geogrid obviously, which guarantees the MSE wall functions and provides good conditions for mountain roads.
文摘Micropiles are drilled and grouted piles having diameter between 100 to 250 mm. Due to its small diameter, it is suitable for low headroom and limited work area conditions. It can be installed without noise nuisance, without vibrations to surrounding soils and structures and without disruption to the production operations in industries which makes micropiles suitable for underpinning and seismic retrofitting of structures. It is necessary to therefore understand the behaviour of micropiles under different loading conditions. This work is on vertical and battered micropiles with different length/diameter ratio (L/D) subjected to vertical and lateral loading conditions. Batter angles had a significant influence on both the vertical and lateral load carrying capacity. The ultimate vertical load was found to increase upto a 30°batter. The ultimate lateral load was found to increase significantly with increasing L/D ratios upto an L/D ratio of 30 for vertical and 48 for battered piles, beyond which the increase was found to be not significant. In general, negative battered micropiles offered more lateral resistance than positive battered micropiles. The results of the study indicated that the ultimate load capacity and mode of failure of the micropiles are a function of the angle of batter, direction of batter and the L/D ratio for vertically and laterally loaded micropiles.
文摘This paper discusses the technique of casting concrete ofmicropiles with pressures and the consequence of comparisons with normal way of casting concrete （casting with gravity）. Preliminary geotechnical studies have been made in specific area in Sudan to predict the soil parameters and then an experimental work has been done for an estimated number ofmicropiles with different diameters and different techniques of placing concrete with various amount of pressure. This study was carried out to learn the usefulness of this technique in the field of structural foundations in Sudan. Capacities of micropiles were compared in cases of non-pressure casting （normal way of casting concrete） and pressure casting. Through the results, it was found that the entry of pressure factor in the operation of casting concrete increases the capacities of micropiles. The increased value of ultimate load depends on the amount of pressure applied.
基金support from the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China(Grant no.2021-ZD1-014)Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(Grant no.2021AB22117).
文摘Aiming at the deformation control problem of the tunnel entrance crossing the spoil heap at the Xialao junction,this paper adopts the micropile combined with the coupling beams method to treat the spoiled layers.The results show that the excavation of the tunnel after the construction of the micropile and coupling beam will cause vertical deformation of the tunnel and the slope surface.The main reason is that the soil layer structure is loose,and the tunnel excavation causes the whole displacement of the loose body.In addition,the buried depth of the tunnel is shallow,so it cannot form an effective soil arch.The stability process after the construction of the micropile method is the process of stress redistribution,and the rock and soil are gradually compressed and compacted.That is,the construction by the micropile method changes the surrounding rock level of the tunnel and reduces the height of the soil arch.Therefore,it is suggested that the tunnel excavation should be carried out when the micropile is constructed after the soil layers are consolidated completely.The micropile method treats the loose spoiled soil at the tunnel entrance,which saves 73%of the total cost compared with the scheme of directly digging out the accumulation,and the economic benefit is very obvious.
基金Major national science and technology projects-prevention and treatment of major infectious diseases such as AIDS and viral hepatitis(No.2018ZX10303502)National Nature Fund Youth Fund(No.81804063)+2 种基金China postdoctoral Science Foundation Program(No.2019M662500)China postdoctoral Science Foundation Program(No.2019M662500)Key Scientific Research Project of National Clinical Research Base of traditional Chinese Medicine of Henan Provincial Administration of traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2018JDZX1100)
文摘Objective: To analyze the potential active components and molecular mechanism of Ganlu Xiaodu MicroPill in the treatment of COVID-19 by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: the active chemical constituents and action targets of Ganlu Xiaodu MicroPill were searched by TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM platform, and the key targets were matched with the COVID-19 targets searched by CTD database. The core targets were selected and analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis by R software to predict the action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine compound. The key component sets were docked with 3CLpro and ACE2. Results: 138 active components and 53 key targets were obtained. There are 1298 items in GO biological process, 59 items in cell composition, 62 items in molecular function, and 120 items enriched in KEGG pathway. Results: molecular docking showed that the affinity of 20 chemical components such as quercetin, luteolin and kaempferol with ACE2 and 3CLpro was higher than that of ribavirin and chloroquine. Conclusion: Ganlu Xiaodu MicroPill may regulate and interfere with SARS-CoV-2 infection through antivirus, inhibition of inflammatory factors and regulation of immunity, which fully reflects the therapeutic advantages of multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways of traditional Chinese medicine.
