Artificial intelligence(AI)technology,with its powerful capabilities in data analysis,intelligent interaction,and personalized learning support,is creating new opportunities for the reform of education and teaching.Th...Artificial intelligence(AI)technology,with its powerful capabilities in data analysis,intelligent interaction,and personalized learning support,is creating new opportunities for the reform of education and teaching.Through the integration of online and offline blended teaching methods,this study utilizes a learning platform to analyze multi-source student learning data,assess knowledge mastery,and dynamically generate personalized learning paths.Abstract concepts are visualized via 3D modeling and dynamic simulation to enhance students'comprehension of microbiological knowledge.Knowledge mapping is employed to systematically organize course concepts and establish dynamic connections,aiding students in navigating complex and abstract knowledge structures.By leveraging an interactive learning platform,a multi-evaluation system incorporating dynamic assessment,teacher feedback,and student self-evaluation is established.This system evaluates learning outcomes through automated grading and intelligent analysis,while also delivering adaptive teaching resources tailored to individual student differences,so as to meet personalized learning need and stimulate students'interest and motivation.This study offers innovative insights for the curriculum reform of Environmental Engineering Microbiology in the context of emerging engineering education.展开更多
Objective:To explore the application effect of the case-based problem-based learning(PBL)teaching model in clinical microbiology laboratory internship teaching,and provide a reference for the reform of clinical practi...Objective:To explore the application effect of the case-based problem-based learning(PBL)teaching model in clinical microbiology laboratory internship teaching,and provide a reference for the reform of clinical practical teaching.Methods:A total of 36 students who interned in the Clinical Laboratory of the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities from May 2023 to April 2025 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups by the envelope method,with 18 students in each group.The control group adopted the traditional lecture-based teaching model,while the study group used the case-based PBL teaching model.The teaching scores,teaching quality,and satisfaction of the two groups of interns were compared.Results:The theoretical score(65.28±2.78),skill score(26.06±2.34),and total score(91.33±3.54)of the study group were all higher than those of the control group(61.67±3.01,22.28±2.49,83.94±3.72,respectively),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of the questionnaire showed that the scores of students in the study group in terms of autonomous learning,clinical thinking ability,comprehension ability,and learning interest were significantly higher than those in the control group,and all the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the satisfaction rate of students in the study group with the teaching was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The PBL teaching model can effectively improve the academic performance of interns and the quality of teaching,enhance teaching satisfaction,and thus serve as a powerful auxiliary teaching method in clinical internship education.展开更多
In response to meeting the needs of cultivating applied talents in the construction of new engineering disciplines,based on the concept of Outcome-Based Education(OBE),this study analyzes the problems existing in the ...In response to meeting the needs of cultivating applied talents in the construction of new engineering disciplines,based on the concept of Outcome-Based Education(OBE),this study analyzes the problems existing in the teaching of the course Environmental Engineering Microbiology,and put forward some corresponding curriculum reform schemes.According to the target points of professional graduation requirements,the scheme proposes revising the syllabus of Environmental Engineering Microbiology,clarifying the curriculum objectives,updating the teaching content,and reforming the teaching methods.Through these measures,it is intended to achieve the unity of teachers way of"teaching"and students way of"learning",construct a new teaching mode,fully stimulate students subjective initiative,and enhance students innovative consciousness and practical ability.Besides,in this study,a"whole process-diversification"evaluation system is established to comprehensively evaluate students performance in theoretical knowledge learning and practical application,comprehensively evaluate students learning situation,and analyze the teaching effect in real time,so as to achieve continuous improvement,and ultimately achieve the goal of improving classroom quality.展开更多
In many traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） hospitals, most patients are elderly with chronic diseases. Nosocomial bloodstream infections （nBSIs） are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. A retrospective s...In many traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） hospitals, most patients are elderly with chronic diseases. Nosocomial bloodstream infections （nBSIs） are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. A retrospective sur- veillance study was performed to examine the epidemiology and microbiology of nBSIs in a TCM hospital from 2009 to 2011. A total of 482 patients with nBSIs were included in the study period. The incidence rate was 5.7/1000 admissions Escherichia coli （25.5%） was the most common Gram-negative and coagulase-negative staphylococcus （CONS） （14.1%） was the most common Gram-positive organism isolated. One-third of the E. coli and Klebsie/la pneumoniae isolated from the nBSIs were the third-generation cephalosporin-resistant. Half of the Acinetobacter species isolates were resistant to imipenem. Of all the CoNS isolates, 90.7% were resistant to methicillin. Carbapenems and glyco- peptide were the most frequently used for nBSI therapy. Only about one-third of patients （157/482） received appro- priate empirical therapy. Septic shock, hemodialysis, Pitt bacteremia score 〉4, urinary tract infection, and appropriate empirical therapy were most strongly associated with 28-d mortality. The incidence of nBSIs was low in the TCM hospital but the proportion of nBSIs due to antibiotic-resistant organisms was high. A high Pitt bacteremia score was one of the most important risk factors for mortality in nBSIs. Therefore, the implementation of appropriate empirical therapy is crucial to improve the clinical outcome of nBSIs.展开更多
Since the initial observations of oral bacteria within dental plaque by van Leeuwenhoek using his primitive microscopes in 1680, an event that is generally recognized as the advent of oral microbiological investigatio...Since the initial observations of oral bacteria within dental plaque by van Leeuwenhoek using his primitive microscopes in 1680, an event that is generally recognized as the advent of oral microbiological investigation, oral microbiology has gone through phases of ＂reductionism＂ and ＂holism＂. From the small beginnings of the Miller and Black period, in which microbiologists followed Koch＇s postulates, took the reductionist approach to try to study the complex oral microbial community by analyzing individual species; to the modem era when oral researchers embrace ＂holism＂ or ＂system thinking＂, adopt new concepts such as interspecies interaction, microbial community, biofilms, poly-microbial diseases, oral microbiological knowledge has burgeoned and our ability to identify the resident organisms in dental plaque and decipher the interactions between key components has rapidly increased, such knowledge has greatly changed our view of the oral microbial flora, provided invaluable insight into the etiology of dental and periodontal diseases, opened the door to new approaches and techniques for developing new therapeutic and preventive tools for combating oral polymicrobial diseases.展开更多
Varicella-zoster virus, which is responsible for varicella(chickenpox) and herpes zoster(shingles), is ubiquitous and causes an acute infection among children, especially those aged less than six years. As 90% of adul...Varicella-zoster virus, which is responsible for varicella(chickenpox) and herpes zoster(shingles), is ubiquitous and causes an acute infection among children, especially those aged less than six years. As 90% of adults have had varicella in childhood, it is unusual to encounter an infected pregnant woman but, if the disease does appear, it can lead to complications for both the mother and fetus or newborn. The major maternal complications include pneumonia, which can lead to death if not treated. If the virus passes to the fetus, congenital varicella syndrome, neonatal varicella(particularly serious if maternal rash appears in the days immediately before or after childbirth) or herpes zoster in the early years of life may occur depending on the time of infection. A Microbiology laboratory can help in the diagnosis and management of mother-child infection at four main times:(1) when a pregnant woman has been exposed to varicella or herpes zoster, a prompt search for specific antibodies can determine whether she is susceptible to, or protected against infection;(2) when a pregnant woman develops clinical symptoms consistent with varicella, the diagnosis is usually clinical, but a laboratory can be crucial if the symptoms are doubtful or otherwise unclear(atypical patterns in immunocompromised subjects, patients with post-vaccination varicella, or subjects who have received immunoglobulins), or if there is a need for a differential diagnosis between varicella and other types of dermatoses with vesicle formation;(3) when a prenatal diagnosis of uterine infection is required in order to detect cases of congenital varicella syndrome after the onset of varicella in the mother; and(4) when the baby is born and it is necessary to confirm a diagnosis of varicella(and its complications), make a differential diagnosis between varicella and other diseases with similar symptoms, or confirm a causal relationship between maternal varicella and malformations in a newborn.展开更多
In the present day,bioinfomiatics becomes the modern science with several advantages.Several new"omics"sciences have been introduced for a few years and those sciences can he applied in biomedical work.Here,...In the present day,bioinfomiatics becomes the modern science with several advantages.Several new"omics"sciences have been introduced for a few years and those sciences can he applied in biomedical work.Here,the author will summarize and discuss on important applications of omics studies in microbiology focusing on microbial pathogeny.It can be seen that genomics and proteinomics can be well used in this area of biomedical studies.展开更多
To understand the potential causes of laboratory-acquired infections and to provide possible solutions that would protect laboratory personnel, samples from a viral laboratory were screened to determine the main sourc...To understand the potential causes of laboratory-acquired infections and to provide possible solutions that would protect laboratory personnel, samples from a viral laboratory were screened to determine the main sources of contamination with six subtypes of Rhinovirus. Rhinovirus contamination was found in the gloves, cuffs of protective wear, inner surface of biological safety cabinet （BSC） windows, and trash handles. Remarkably, high contamination was found on the inner walls of the centrifuge and the inner surface of centrifuge tube casing in the rotor. Spilling infectious medium on the surface of centrifuge tubes was found to contribute to contamination of centrifuge surfaces. Exposure to sodium hypochlorite containing no less than 0.2 g/L available chlorine decontaminated the surface of the centrifuRe tubes from Rhinovirus after 2 min.展开更多
The course of medical microbiology and parasitology is integrated with medical microbiology and human parasitology. It is an important basic medical course. Efficient utilization of existing teaching resources and pro...The course of medical microbiology and parasitology is integrated with medical microbiology and human parasitology. It is an important basic medical course. Efficient utilization of existing teaching resources and promotion of further integration are actual requirements of the teaching reform. Integration experience of this course in recent years are summarized in this paper,from the aspects of teaching modes,teaching resources,evaluation system,and management measures,we concluded how to construct and optimize this course. We also focus on the encountered problems and countermeasures in the construction of the curriculum in this paper,so as to provide strategic guidance for the further development of medical microbiology and parasitology.展开更多
This paper aims at summarized the research progress of soil microbes,in amount of soil microbes including bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes,soil microbial biomass,including microbial biomass carbon,microbial biomass ni...This paper aims at summarized the research progress of soil microbes,in amount of soil microbes including bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes,soil microbial biomass,including microbial biomass carbon,microbial biomass nitrogen and microbial biomass phosphorus,function of microbial and screening and application of beneficial microorganisms etc.,and future research are discussed combined with our project team for many years of work.展开更多
Environmental Microbiology is a professional basic course in the curriculum system of Environmental and Ecological Engineering major,which follows the requirements of ideological and political theories teaching in the...Environmental Microbiology is a professional basic course in the curriculum system of Environmental and Ecological Engineering major,which follows the requirements of ideological and political theories teaching in the course in higher education,and should be implemented in every course.Therefore,the construction of ideological and political theories teaching in the course should be an important task in the course construction of Environmental Microbiology.In view of the curriculum characteristics of Environmental Microbiology,such as multi-disciplinary feature,wide coverage and rapid development,it is an effective method for the construction of ideological and political theories teaching in the course of Environmental Microbiology by fully tapping the ideological and political elements of the curriculum,such as patriotism,scientific spirit and practical innovation,and integrating the ideological and political theories teaching in the course into the whole curriculum design and classroom teaching construction.展开更多
Objective: To detect different etiological factors of otitis media with effusion (OME) and different types of microorganisms in middle ear fluids. Methods: This prospective study included 60 patients with otitis media...Objective: To detect different etiological factors of otitis media with effusion (OME) and different types of microorganisms in middle ear fluids. Methods: This prospective study included 60 patients with otitis media with effusion diagnosed at the otorhinolaryngology (ENT) outpatient clinic with age ranged from 2 to 16 years, 36 males and 24 females. Results: Predisposing factors of OME were rhinosinusitis in 58.3% of cases, adenoid in 20% of cases, adenotonsillitis in 16.7% of cases and tonsillitis in 5% of cases. Microorganisms in middle ear fluids were negative in 70% of cases, isolation of streptococcus pneumonia in 16.7% of cases, Haemophilus influenzae 6.7% and Moraxella catarrhalis 6.7%. Conclusion: Rhinosinusitis was the most frequent predisposing factor of cases of OME. Positive bacterial culture was found in 30% of cases.展开更多
Objective:To observe and analyze the effect of bacterial resistance monitoring in clinical microbiology testing.Methods:600 microbial specimens collected in our hospital in the past year(April 2021 to April 2022)were ...Objective:To observe and analyze the effect of bacterial resistance monitoring in clinical microbiology testing.Methods:600 microbial specimens collected in our hospital in the past year(April 2021 to April 2022)were used as the test subjects of this study.The specimens were divided into Group A(control group)and Group B(research group),with 300 cases in each group.Group A consisted of blood culture specimens,while Group B consisted of sputum specimens.After the tests were completed,the rates of unfavorable and favorable results,bacterial species distribution,and bacterial drug resistance of the specimens in both groups were compared.Results:Among group A specimens,29 cases were positive(9.67%)and 271 cases were negative(90.33%);among group B specimens,99 cases were positive(33.00%)and 201 cases were negative(66.00%);the difference between the two groups of data was statistically significant(P<0.05).As for the distribution of the types of bacteria,there were 472 cases of Gram-negative bacteria and 128 cases of Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion:Bacterial resistance monitoring is helpful in clinical microbiology testing.Through proper monitoring,bacterial resistance can be well understood.In this way,patients get to receive appropriate treatment measures and suitable antibacterial prescriptions,thereby improving the patient outcome.展开更多
Insects or algae are considered future solutions to substitute imported feed proteins like soybean meal (SBM) in animal nutrition. The objective of this research, as part of the multidisciplinary project “Sustainabil...Insects or algae are considered future solutions to substitute imported feed proteins like soybean meal (SBM) in animal nutrition. The objective of this research, as part of the multidisciplinary project “Sustainability transitions”, focused on replacing 50% SBM by partly defatted larvae meal from black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens) or the blue-green algae Spirulina platensis in meat type chicken diets. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects on body composition, protein quality, apparent precaecal digestibility (apcD) and parameters of intestinal microbiota. In total, 288 one-day-old male growing chickens (Ross 308) from a commercial hatchery were randomly allotted to 48 pens (6 birds per pen) across five diets, which were fed at a free choice level. The control diet utilized SBM, wheat and corn as main ingredients, and experimental diets replaced 50% of SBM by the alternative proteins under study. Amino acid (AA) supplementation of the final diets was conducted both at a basic level (diets HM, SM;Lys and Met added equal to the control diet) and an extended level of AA fortification (diets HM+, SM+;extended supplementation of Lys, Met, Thr, Arg). After finishing the growth study, 4 individual birds per diet were slaughtered for whole body analyses to derive nutrient utilization and dietary protein quality parameters. Additionally, pooled chyme samples from 16 birds per diet (control, HM and SM) were analyzed to assess apcD and microbial parameters. Diets HM and SM with a basic level of AA fortification led to significant depressions in nutrient deposition and dietary protein quality. However, HM+ and SM+ diets with an extended level of AA supplementation led to significantly improved responses;however these were still generally not on par with the control diet. The HM+ diet provided superior CP deposition and dietary protein quality, as compared to the SM+ diet, but equal to the control diet. Results of gut microbiology yielded no significant effects due to feeding the alternative protein sources under study.展开更多
Microbiology is an important basic course in life science,which contains many ideological and political elements.In this paper,a teaching case was designed with"Nutrients Microorganisms and Their Functions"a...Microbiology is an important basic course in life science,which contains many ideological and political elements.In this paper,a teaching case was designed with"Nutrients Microorganisms and Their Functions"as the content to explore curriculum ideological and political elements in the course.According to the classroom teaching objectives of this class,this paper combed the professional knowledge points and explored ideological and political elements with the theme of"enhancing ecological connotation and feelings for agriculture,rural areas and farmers".The depth and breadth of teaching content were expanded by extending knowledge points and typical characters deeds,and ideological and political elements were integrated into classroom teaching by various teaching methods.The implementation of the case has improved teachers awareness and ability of ideological and political education in professional courses,and improved the level of ideological and political education construction in Microbiology.The ideological and political materials in the case can be used as a reference for other teachers.展开更多
Liquid-based microbiology (LBM) is the future for the technological development of microbiology laboratories. In particular, the Eswab system (by Copan) simplifies and streamlines specimen collection and represents th...Liquid-based microbiology (LBM) is the future for the technological development of microbiology laboratories. In particular, the Eswab system (by Copan) simplifies and streamlines specimen collection and represents the only liquid system supporting the recovery of all types of bacteria (aerobic, anaerobic, and fastidious bacteria). In addition, LBM offers advantages in the efficiency of microorganism recovery and ease of sampling, transport, and storage. LBM also allows the introduction of true automation in the laboratory: either by using Copan ? (Walk-Away Specimen Processor) or any other commercially available specimen processor that utilizes LBM. In this paper, we illustrate how LBM can positively change laboratory workflow by illustrating several years of our experience with LBM. LBM allows clinical specimen optimization and has several important advantages: cost reduction (due to the smaller number of different devices used), time savings for medical or nursing staff (less confusion in collection device selection and fewer samples being collected), time savings for laboratory staff (fewer samples to access and handle for individual investigations), and patient comfort improvement (multiple sample collection can be avoided). A unique collection device for several investigations also guarantees quality due to the uniformity of the sample and standardization of procedures.展开更多
With the disciplinary development and teaching programs, were choiced of teaching content in food microbiology theoretical teaching. The content in Food microbiology multimedia teaching were analyzed. Through the teac...With the disciplinary development and teaching programs, were choiced of teaching content in food microbiology theoretical teaching. The content in Food microbiology multimedia teaching were analyzed. Through the teaching ideas, combined with the human physiological and multimedia features, were made Multimedia. In the teaching, inspired, strengthen the cultivation of students＇ innovative thinking.展开更多
The Veterinary Microbiology course is centered around the diagnosis and testing of pathogenic microorganisms,with the core value of“moral education and character development.”It reconstructs multidimensional teachin...The Veterinary Microbiology course is centered around the diagnosis and testing of pathogenic microorganisms,with the core value of“moral education and character development.”It reconstructs multidimensional teaching resources by integrating disciplinary achievements with clinical cases and implements a hybrid teaching approach combining virtual simulation and problem-based learning(PBL)through the“three stages+four models+three reflections”framework.Dual-qualification teachers employ various teaching methods,create a“six-in-one”model for ideological and political education,and conduct formative assessments based on the principles of diversified objectives and process emphasis.The hybrid teaching reform addresses issues such as fragmented knowledge,insufficient class hours,weak animal disease diagnostic abilities among students,limited application and expansion of knowledge points,and students’lack of proactive critical thinking skills.The application of hybrid teaching has shown significant advantages and effectiveness,providing a reference for teaching reform in similar microbiology courses.展开更多
Objective:This study explores the effectiveness of a three-stage blended teaching model in the Medical Microbiology course for Clinical Medicine students within the context of smart education.Methods:Clinical Medicine...Objective:This study explores the effectiveness of a three-stage blended teaching model in the Medical Microbiology course for Clinical Medicine students within the context of smart education.Methods:Clinical Medicine students from the 2021 and 2022 classes were studied,comparing the traditional and three-stage blended teaching models.Academic performance and survey feedback were analyzed.Results:The research group’s academic performance,including daily,final exam,and average scores,was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Over 95%of students approved of the new teaching model,noting improvements in competencies.Conclusion:The three-stage blended teaching model effectively boosted student engagement,interaction,academic performance,and overall skills,showing potential for broader application in medical education.展开更多
基金Supported by Higher Education Teaching Reform Project of Zhaoqing University(zlgc2024058).
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)technology,with its powerful capabilities in data analysis,intelligent interaction,and personalized learning support,is creating new opportunities for the reform of education and teaching.Through the integration of online and offline blended teaching methods,this study utilizes a learning platform to analyze multi-source student learning data,assess knowledge mastery,and dynamically generate personalized learning paths.Abstract concepts are visualized via 3D modeling and dynamic simulation to enhance students'comprehension of microbiological knowledge.Knowledge mapping is employed to systematically organize course concepts and establish dynamic connections,aiding students in navigating complex and abstract knowledge structures.By leveraging an interactive learning platform,a multi-evaluation system incorporating dynamic assessment,teacher feedback,and student self-evaluation is established.This system evaluates learning outcomes through automated grading and intelligent analysis,while also delivering adaptive teaching resources tailored to individual student differences,so as to meet personalized learning need and stimulate students'interest and motivation.This study offers innovative insights for the curriculum reform of Environmental Engineering Microbiology in the context of emerging engineering education.
基金This work was supported by the Reform Project of Degree and Postgraduate Education in Guangxi(JGY2025350)the Reform Project of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities(J2024-04).
文摘Objective:To explore the application effect of the case-based problem-based learning(PBL)teaching model in clinical microbiology laboratory internship teaching,and provide a reference for the reform of clinical practical teaching.Methods:A total of 36 students who interned in the Clinical Laboratory of the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities from May 2023 to April 2025 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups by the envelope method,with 18 students in each group.The control group adopted the traditional lecture-based teaching model,while the study group used the case-based PBL teaching model.The teaching scores,teaching quality,and satisfaction of the two groups of interns were compared.Results:The theoretical score(65.28±2.78),skill score(26.06±2.34),and total score(91.33±3.54)of the study group were all higher than those of the control group(61.67±3.01,22.28±2.49,83.94±3.72,respectively),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of the questionnaire showed that the scores of students in the study group in terms of autonomous learning,clinical thinking ability,comprehension ability,and learning interest were significantly higher than those in the control group,and all the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the satisfaction rate of students in the study group with the teaching was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The PBL teaching model can effectively improve the academic performance of interns and the quality of teaching,enhance teaching satisfaction,and thus serve as a powerful auxiliary teaching method in clinical internship education.
基金Supported by Higher Education Teaching Reform Project of Zhaoqing University (zlgc2024058&zlgc202242)Curriculum Ideological and Political Reform Demonstration Project of Zhaoqing University.
文摘In response to meeting the needs of cultivating applied talents in the construction of new engineering disciplines,based on the concept of Outcome-Based Education(OBE),this study analyzes the problems existing in the teaching of the course Environmental Engineering Microbiology,and put forward some corresponding curriculum reform schemes.According to the target points of professional graduation requirements,the scheme proposes revising the syllabus of Environmental Engineering Microbiology,clarifying the curriculum objectives,updating the teaching content,and reforming the teaching methods.Through these measures,it is intended to achieve the unity of teachers way of"teaching"and students way of"learning",construct a new teaching mode,fully stimulate students subjective initiative,and enhance students innovative consciousness and practical ability.Besides,in this study,a"whole process-diversification"evaluation system is established to comprehensively evaluate students performance in theoretical knowledge learning and practical application,comprehensively evaluate students learning situation,and analyze the teaching effect in real time,so as to achieve continuous improvement,and ultimately achieve the goal of improving classroom quality.
基金supported by the Projects of Zhejiang Province Non-profit Technology Research(No.2013C33180),China
文摘In many traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） hospitals, most patients are elderly with chronic diseases. Nosocomial bloodstream infections （nBSIs） are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. A retrospective sur- veillance study was performed to examine the epidemiology and microbiology of nBSIs in a TCM hospital from 2009 to 2011. A total of 482 patients with nBSIs were included in the study period. The incidence rate was 5.7/1000 admissions Escherichia coli （25.5%） was the most common Gram-negative and coagulase-negative staphylococcus （CONS） （14.1%） was the most common Gram-positive organism isolated. One-third of the E. coli and Klebsie/la pneumoniae isolated from the nBSIs were the third-generation cephalosporin-resistant. Half of the Acinetobacter species isolates were resistant to imipenem. Of all the CoNS isolates, 90.7% were resistant to methicillin. Carbapenems and glyco- peptide were the most frequently used for nBSI therapy. Only about one-third of patients （157/482） received appro- priate empirical therapy. Septic shock, hemodialysis, Pitt bacteremia score 〉4, urinary tract infection, and appropriate empirical therapy were most strongly associated with 28-d mortality. The incidence of nBSIs was low in the TCM hospital but the proportion of nBSIs due to antibiotic-resistant organisms was high. A high Pitt bacteremia score was one of the most important risk factors for mortality in nBSIs. Therefore, the implementation of appropriate empirical therapy is crucial to improve the clinical outcome of nBSIs.
文摘Since the initial observations of oral bacteria within dental plaque by van Leeuwenhoek using his primitive microscopes in 1680, an event that is generally recognized as the advent of oral microbiological investigation, oral microbiology has gone through phases of ＂reductionism＂ and ＂holism＂. From the small beginnings of the Miller and Black period, in which microbiologists followed Koch＇s postulates, took the reductionist approach to try to study the complex oral microbial community by analyzing individual species; to the modem era when oral researchers embrace ＂holism＂ or ＂system thinking＂, adopt new concepts such as interspecies interaction, microbial community, biofilms, poly-microbial diseases, oral microbiological knowledge has burgeoned and our ability to identify the resident organisms in dental plaque and decipher the interactions between key components has rapidly increased, such knowledge has greatly changed our view of the oral microbial flora, provided invaluable insight into the etiology of dental and periodontal diseases, opened the door to new approaches and techniques for developing new therapeutic and preventive tools for combating oral polymicrobial diseases.
文摘Varicella-zoster virus, which is responsible for varicella(chickenpox) and herpes zoster(shingles), is ubiquitous and causes an acute infection among children, especially those aged less than six years. As 90% of adults have had varicella in childhood, it is unusual to encounter an infected pregnant woman but, if the disease does appear, it can lead to complications for both the mother and fetus or newborn. The major maternal complications include pneumonia, which can lead to death if not treated. If the virus passes to the fetus, congenital varicella syndrome, neonatal varicella(particularly serious if maternal rash appears in the days immediately before or after childbirth) or herpes zoster in the early years of life may occur depending on the time of infection. A Microbiology laboratory can help in the diagnosis and management of mother-child infection at four main times:(1) when a pregnant woman has been exposed to varicella or herpes zoster, a prompt search for specific antibodies can determine whether she is susceptible to, or protected against infection;(2) when a pregnant woman develops clinical symptoms consistent with varicella, the diagnosis is usually clinical, but a laboratory can be crucial if the symptoms are doubtful or otherwise unclear(atypical patterns in immunocompromised subjects, patients with post-vaccination varicella, or subjects who have received immunoglobulins), or if there is a need for a differential diagnosis between varicella and other types of dermatoses with vesicle formation;(3) when a prenatal diagnosis of uterine infection is required in order to detect cases of congenital varicella syndrome after the onset of varicella in the mother; and(4) when the baby is born and it is necessary to confirm a diagnosis of varicella(and its complications), make a differential diagnosis between varicella and other diseases with similar symptoms, or confirm a causal relationship between maternal varicella and malformations in a newborn.
文摘In the present day,bioinfomiatics becomes the modern science with several advantages.Several new"omics"sciences have been introduced for a few years and those sciences can he applied in biomedical work.Here,the author will summarize and discuss on important applications of omics studies in microbiology focusing on microbial pathogeny.It can be seen that genomics and proteinomics can be well used in this area of biomedical studies.
基金supported by the China Mega-Project for Infectious Disease(2011ZX10004-001,2012ZX10004401,2012ZX10004215,and 2013ZX10004805002)the SKLID Development Grant(2011SKLID104)
文摘To understand the potential causes of laboratory-acquired infections and to provide possible solutions that would protect laboratory personnel, samples from a viral laboratory were screened to determine the main sources of contamination with six subtypes of Rhinovirus. Rhinovirus contamination was found in the gloves, cuffs of protective wear, inner surface of biological safety cabinet （BSC） windows, and trash handles. Remarkably, high contamination was found on the inner walls of the centrifuge and the inner surface of centrifuge tube casing in the rotor. Spilling infectious medium on the surface of centrifuge tubes was found to contribute to contamination of centrifuge surfaces. Exposure to sodium hypochlorite containing no less than 0.2 g/L available chlorine decontaminated the surface of the centrifuRe tubes from Rhinovirus after 2 min.
基金financially supported by National Excellent Course:Medical Microbiology,Shanghai Key Course Construction Project(2015-37-59)
文摘The course of medical microbiology and parasitology is integrated with medical microbiology and human parasitology. It is an important basic medical course. Efficient utilization of existing teaching resources and promotion of further integration are actual requirements of the teaching reform. Integration experience of this course in recent years are summarized in this paper,from the aspects of teaching modes,teaching resources,evaluation system,and management measures,we concluded how to construct and optimize this course. We also focus on the encountered problems and countermeasures in the construction of the curriculum in this paper,so as to provide strategic guidance for the further development of medical microbiology and parasitology.
基金Supported by Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Gansu Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureaus(GNXC-2012-45)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41161049)
文摘This paper aims at summarized the research progress of soil microbes,in amount of soil microbes including bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes,soil microbial biomass,including microbial biomass carbon,microbial biomass nitrogen and microbial biomass phosphorus,function of microbial and screening and application of beneficial microorganisms etc.,and future research are discussed combined with our project team for many years of work.
基金Supported by Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Pingdingshan University (2020-JY05,2021-JY55)Key Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province (22B180011,23A550020)+1 种基金Henan Science and Technology Department Project (232102320262)Key Demonstration Courses with Ideological and Political Theories Teaching in Pingdingshan University in 2022.
文摘Environmental Microbiology is a professional basic course in the curriculum system of Environmental and Ecological Engineering major,which follows the requirements of ideological and political theories teaching in the course in higher education,and should be implemented in every course.Therefore,the construction of ideological and political theories teaching in the course should be an important task in the course construction of Environmental Microbiology.In view of the curriculum characteristics of Environmental Microbiology,such as multi-disciplinary feature,wide coverage and rapid development,it is an effective method for the construction of ideological and political theories teaching in the course of Environmental Microbiology by fully tapping the ideological and political elements of the curriculum,such as patriotism,scientific spirit and practical innovation,and integrating the ideological and political theories teaching in the course into the whole curriculum design and classroom teaching construction.
文摘Objective: To detect different etiological factors of otitis media with effusion (OME) and different types of microorganisms in middle ear fluids. Methods: This prospective study included 60 patients with otitis media with effusion diagnosed at the otorhinolaryngology (ENT) outpatient clinic with age ranged from 2 to 16 years, 36 males and 24 females. Results: Predisposing factors of OME were rhinosinusitis in 58.3% of cases, adenoid in 20% of cases, adenotonsillitis in 16.7% of cases and tonsillitis in 5% of cases. Microorganisms in middle ear fluids were negative in 70% of cases, isolation of streptococcus pneumonia in 16.7% of cases, Haemophilus influenzae 6.7% and Moraxella catarrhalis 6.7%. Conclusion: Rhinosinusitis was the most frequent predisposing factor of cases of OME. Positive bacterial culture was found in 30% of cases.
文摘Objective:To observe and analyze the effect of bacterial resistance monitoring in clinical microbiology testing.Methods:600 microbial specimens collected in our hospital in the past year(April 2021 to April 2022)were used as the test subjects of this study.The specimens were divided into Group A(control group)and Group B(research group),with 300 cases in each group.Group A consisted of blood culture specimens,while Group B consisted of sputum specimens.After the tests were completed,the rates of unfavorable and favorable results,bacterial species distribution,and bacterial drug resistance of the specimens in both groups were compared.Results:Among group A specimens,29 cases were positive(9.67%)and 271 cases were negative(90.33%);among group B specimens,99 cases were positive(33.00%)and 201 cases were negative(66.00%);the difference between the two groups of data was statistically significant(P<0.05).As for the distribution of the types of bacteria,there were 472 cases of Gram-negative bacteria and 128 cases of Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion:Bacterial resistance monitoring is helpful in clinical microbiology testing.Through proper monitoring,bacterial resistance can be well understood.In this way,patients get to receive appropriate treatment measures and suitable antibacterial prescriptions,thereby improving the patient outcome.
基金supported by the Lower Saxony Ministry of Science and Culture(ZN 3041)
文摘Insects or algae are considered future solutions to substitute imported feed proteins like soybean meal (SBM) in animal nutrition. The objective of this research, as part of the multidisciplinary project “Sustainability transitions”, focused on replacing 50% SBM by partly defatted larvae meal from black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens) or the blue-green algae Spirulina platensis in meat type chicken diets. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects on body composition, protein quality, apparent precaecal digestibility (apcD) and parameters of intestinal microbiota. In total, 288 one-day-old male growing chickens (Ross 308) from a commercial hatchery were randomly allotted to 48 pens (6 birds per pen) across five diets, which were fed at a free choice level. The control diet utilized SBM, wheat and corn as main ingredients, and experimental diets replaced 50% of SBM by the alternative proteins under study. Amino acid (AA) supplementation of the final diets was conducted both at a basic level (diets HM, SM;Lys and Met added equal to the control diet) and an extended level of AA fortification (diets HM+, SM+;extended supplementation of Lys, Met, Thr, Arg). After finishing the growth study, 4 individual birds per diet were slaughtered for whole body analyses to derive nutrient utilization and dietary protein quality parameters. Additionally, pooled chyme samples from 16 birds per diet (control, HM and SM) were analyzed to assess apcD and microbial parameters. Diets HM and SM with a basic level of AA fortification led to significant depressions in nutrient deposition and dietary protein quality. However, HM+ and SM+ diets with an extended level of AA supplementation led to significantly improved responses;however these were still generally not on par with the control diet. The HM+ diet provided superior CP deposition and dietary protein quality, as compared to the SM+ diet, but equal to the control diet. Results of gut microbiology yielded no significant effects due to feeding the alternative protein sources under study.
基金Supported by Zhaoqing Science and Technology Innovation Guidance Project(202304038001)The Third Batch of Innovative Scientific Research Teams in Zhaoqing University(05),Quality Engineering and Teaching Reform Project of Zhaoqing University(zlgc202261,zlgc2024082,zlgc202229)Curriculum Ideological and Political Reform Demonstration Project of Zhaoqing University(model class serial number 13,model course serial number 2).
文摘Microbiology is an important basic course in life science,which contains many ideological and political elements.In this paper,a teaching case was designed with"Nutrients Microorganisms and Their Functions"as the content to explore curriculum ideological and political elements in the course.According to the classroom teaching objectives of this class,this paper combed the professional knowledge points and explored ideological and political elements with the theme of"enhancing ecological connotation and feelings for agriculture,rural areas and farmers".The depth and breadth of teaching content were expanded by extending knowledge points and typical characters deeds,and ideological and political elements were integrated into classroom teaching by various teaching methods.The implementation of the case has improved teachers awareness and ability of ideological and political education in professional courses,and improved the level of ideological and political education construction in Microbiology.The ideological and political materials in the case can be used as a reference for other teachers.
文摘Liquid-based microbiology (LBM) is the future for the technological development of microbiology laboratories. In particular, the Eswab system (by Copan) simplifies and streamlines specimen collection and represents the only liquid system supporting the recovery of all types of bacteria (aerobic, anaerobic, and fastidious bacteria). In addition, LBM offers advantages in the efficiency of microorganism recovery and ease of sampling, transport, and storage. LBM also allows the introduction of true automation in the laboratory: either by using Copan ? (Walk-Away Specimen Processor) or any other commercially available specimen processor that utilizes LBM. In this paper, we illustrate how LBM can positively change laboratory workflow by illustrating several years of our experience with LBM. LBM allows clinical specimen optimization and has several important advantages: cost reduction (due to the smaller number of different devices used), time savings for medical or nursing staff (less confusion in collection device selection and fewer samples being collected), time savings for laboratory staff (fewer samples to access and handle for individual investigations), and patient comfort improvement (multiple sample collection can be avoided). A unique collection device for several investigations also guarantees quality due to the uniformity of the sample and standardization of procedures.
文摘With the disciplinary development and teaching programs, were choiced of teaching content in food microbiology theoretical teaching. The content in Food microbiology multimedia teaching were analyzed. Through the teaching ideas, combined with the human physiological and multimedia features, were made Multimedia. In the teaching, inspired, strengthen the cultivation of students＇ innovative thinking.
基金Education Research and Reform Project of the Online Open Course Alliance in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in 2023(WGKM2023158)Research Topic of the Online Open Curriculum Steering Committee of Guangdong Province in 2022(2022ZXKC462)+3 种基金Foshan Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project in 2024(2024-GJ037)Innovation Project of Guangdong Graduate Education(2022JGXM129,2022JGXM128,2023ANLK-080)Demonstration Project of Ideological and Political Reform of Guangdong Education Department(Guangdong Higher Education Letter[2021]No.21)Guangdong Provincial Department of Education,Provincial First-Class Undergraduate Courses(Guangdong Higher Education Letter[2023]No.33)。
文摘The Veterinary Microbiology course is centered around the diagnosis and testing of pathogenic microorganisms,with the core value of“moral education and character development.”It reconstructs multidimensional teaching resources by integrating disciplinary achievements with clinical cases and implements a hybrid teaching approach combining virtual simulation and problem-based learning(PBL)through the“three stages+four models+three reflections”framework.Dual-qualification teachers employ various teaching methods,create a“six-in-one”model for ideological and political education,and conduct formative assessments based on the principles of diversified objectives and process emphasis.The hybrid teaching reform addresses issues such as fragmented knowledge,insufficient class hours,weak animal disease diagnostic abilities among students,limited application and expansion of knowledge points,and students’lack of proactive critical thinking skills.The application of hybrid teaching has shown significant advantages and effectiveness,providing a reference for teaching reform in similar microbiology courses.
基金Henan Province Medical Education Research Project(Exploration and Reform of the“Three-Fusion”Teaching Model for Medical Microbiology Courses under the New Medical Education Context,WJLX2024199)Teaching Reform Research Project of Pingdingshan University(Exploration of a Three-Stage Hybrid Teaching Model for Basic Medical Courses in Clinical Medicine under the Context of Smart Education,2023-JY42)“Ideological and Political Education”Project for the“Medical Microbiology and Parasitology”Course at Pingdingshan University.
文摘Objective:This study explores the effectiveness of a three-stage blended teaching model in the Medical Microbiology course for Clinical Medicine students within the context of smart education.Methods:Clinical Medicine students from the 2021 and 2022 classes were studied,comparing the traditional and three-stage blended teaching models.Academic performance and survey feedback were analyzed.Results:The research group’s academic performance,including daily,final exam,and average scores,was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Over 95%of students approved of the new teaching model,noting improvements in competencies.Conclusion:The three-stage blended teaching model effectively boosted student engagement,interaction,academic performance,and overall skills,showing potential for broader application in medical education.
