Effective vegetation reconstruction plays a vital role in the restoration of desert ecosystems.However,in reconstruction of different vegetation types,the community characteristics,assembly processes,and functions of ...Effective vegetation reconstruction plays a vital role in the restoration of desert ecosystems.However,in reconstruction of different vegetation types,the community characteristics,assembly processes,and functions of different soil microbial taxa under environmental changes are still disputed,which limits the understanding of the sustainability of desert restoration.Hence,we investigated the soil microbial community characteristics and functional attributes of grassland desert(GD),desert steppe(DS),typical steppe(TS),and artificial forest(AF)in the Mu Us Desert,China.Our findings confirmed the geographical conservation of soil microbial composition but highlighted decreased microbial diversity in TS.Meanwhile,the abundance of rare taxa and microbial community stability in TS improved.Heterogeneous and homogeneous selection determined the assembly of rare and abundant bacterial taxa,respectively,with both being significantly influenced by soil moisture.In contrast,fungal communities displayed stochastic processes and exhibited sensitivity to soil nutrient conditions.Furthermore,our investigation revealed a noteworthy augmentation in bacterial metabolic functionality in TS,aligning with improved vegetation restoration and the assemblage of abundant bacterial taxa.However,within nutrient-limited soils(GD,DS,and AF),the assembly dynamics of rare fungal taxa assumed a prominent role in augmenting their metabolic capacity and adaptability to desert ecosystems.These results highlighted the variations in the assembly processes and metabolic functions of soil microorganisms during vegetation reestablishment and provided corresponding theoretical support for anthropogenic revegetation of desert ecosystems.展开更多
This study was conducted at the scientific center of Brazzaville. The objective was to assess the microbial characteristics and enzymes activities in the rhizosphere soil of Cajanus cajan and Milletia lauurentii. Thes...This study was conducted at the scientific center of Brazzaville. The objective was to assess the microbial characteristics and enzymes activities in the rhizosphere soil of Cajanus cajan and Milletia lauurentii. These plants have great importance in food and forestry. Microbial diversity management in the rhizosphere is the key for sustainable crop production or forest durability. DNA metagenomic sequencing was used to analyze the whole bacterial diversity, the microbial biomass was determinate by the fumigation-extraction method and the enzymes by the p-nitrophenol-β-D-glucoside for β-glucosidase, the p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide for β-Glucosaminidase. Dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase were quantified using 2,3,5-tryphenyl tetrazolium chloride and p-nitophenylphosphate respectively. The results show that, in Cajanus cajan culturable bacteria genera were mainly Acidobacterium, Skermanella, Rhodoplanes, Bacillus, Chloroflexus, Steroidobacter, Sphingomonas and Bradyrhizobium while in Milletia laurentii: Rhodoplanes, Bradyrhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingobacterium, Acidobacterium, Mesorhizobium, Nitrospira were the principal genera. In the two rhizosphere soils investigated, the uncultured bacteria exhibited relatively higher abundance, often for the same genera, than culturable bacteria. Metagenomic studies have revealed more bacterial diversity in each compared to when culturable bacteria were taken into account alone. The MBC and MBN were higher in the rhizosphere of Milletia than in rhizosphere of Cajanus. The same trend was observed with the enzyme activities. PCA of culturable and NMDS of unculturable soil bacteria genera shows that factors mainly involved in the carbon cycle such as MBC, members of the microbial community i.e. Acidobacterium, Skermanella, Chloroflexus, sand, C, β-glucosaminidase and dehydrogenase, were strongly correlated with Cajanus cajan. On the other hand, the MBN, Mesorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Burkholderia, Nitrospira, Nitratireductor, N, NH4, β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase involved in the N cycling, silt and clay were predominantly founded in the rhizosphere soil of Milletia laurentii. This study showed that metagenomic sequencing could improve the assessment of the microbial diversity structure of the rhizosphere.展开更多
Soil nitrogen(N)cycling is one of the most critical biogeochemical cycles,and N cycling-related microorganisms are the primary driving force behind N cycling in natural environments.The large karst sinkholes in China,...Soil nitrogen(N)cycling is one of the most critical biogeochemical cycles,and N cycling-related microorganisms are the primary driving force behind N cycling in natural environments.The large karst sinkholes in China,known as Tiankengs,harbor abundant unique biological resources due to their particular environmental conditions.However,N cycling-related microorganisms in Tiankeng soils and their connection to ecosystem processes remain poorly studied.In this study,we investigated the distribution patterns and genomic diversity of N cycling-related microorganisms both inside and outside the Luohun cave Tiankeng in Guizhou,China,utilizing high-throughput sequencing and other techniques.The results indicated that the diversities and abundances of denitrifying bacteria,ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,and ammonia-oxidizing archaea communities inside the Tiankeng were higher than those outside the Tiankeng;however,the microbial network relationships were more fragile inside the Tiankeng.The most abundant species of denitrifying bacteria,ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,and ammonia-oxidizing archaea inside the Tiankeng were unclassified_p_Proteobacteria(47.8%),unclassified_k_norank(AOB,OTU121,37.3%),and unclassified_g_norank_f_norank_o_norank_c_environmental_samples(55.7%),respectively;outside the Tiankeng,they were unclassified_k_norank_d_bacteria(54.5%),unclassified_k_norank(AOB,OTU121,48.1%),and unclassified_k_norank(AOA,OTU70,49.6%),respectively.Additionally,the N content inside the Tiankeng was significantly lower(P<0.05)under the influence of these N cycling-related microorganisms,whereas the nutrient contents were higher than that outside the Tiankeng.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report on the crucial microbial distribution patterns driving N cycling in karst Tiankengs and provides new insights into the structure and potential functions of N cycling-related microorganisms in the unique ecological environment of fragile Tiankeng ecosystems.展开更多
Soil organic carbon(SOC)plays a crucial role in mangrove blue carbon formation,yet the differences in microbemediated underlying SOC sequestration between introduced and native mangroves remain unclear.Here,we compare...Soil organic carbon(SOC)plays a crucial role in mangrove blue carbon formation,yet the differences in microbemediated underlying SOC sequestration between introduced and native mangroves remain unclear.Here,we compared the SOC pool,including recalcitrant organic carbon(ROC)and labile carbon pools,as well as three residual carbon sources(amino sugars,lignin phenols,and lipids)in sediments between mangroves of introduced Sonneratia apetala and native Kandelia obovata,and further connected them with microbial life strategies and C metabolism capability.The results showed that SOC accumulation in S.apetala(SA)sediment was about 30%-50% of that in K.obovata(KO)sediment.ROC was the dominant form of SOC in long-term sequestration(76%-83%),while lignin phenols,amino sugars,and lipids were important sources of ROC.In S.apetala sediments,the ROC content was positively correlated with amino sugars,resulting from the more r-strategist microbes that can rapidly convert plant-derived carbon into microbial biomass,which is subsequently transformed into microbial necromass.In contrast,in K.obovata sediments,ROC content showed a stronger positive correlation with the concentrations of lignin phenols and lipids.More K-strategist fungi in the topsoil of K.obovata increased enzyme activities,while more K-strategist bacteria in the subsoil enhanced carbon utilization capacity,thereby increasing lignin phenols and lipids from plant residues in both soil layers.Meanwhile,higher Ca^(2+)concentrations in K.obovata sediments protected three residual carbons from further microbe decomposition.This study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of SOC sequestration mediated by microbial life strategies in mangrove ecosystems.展开更多
Mining activities have caused significant land degradation globally,emphasizing the need for effective restoration.Microbial inoculants offer a promising solution for sustainable remediation by enhancing soil nutrient...Mining activities have caused significant land degradation globally,emphasizing the need for effective restoration.Microbial inoculants offer a promising solution for sustainable remediation by enhancing soil nutrients,enzyme activities,and microbial communities to support plant growth.However,the mechanisms by which inoculants influence soil microbes and their relationship with plant growth require further investigation.Metagenomic sequencing was employed for this study,based on a one-year greenhouse experiment,to elucidate the effects of Bacillus thuringiensis NL-11 on the microbial functions of abandoned mine soils.Our findings revealed that the application of microbial inoculants significantly enhanced the soil total carbon(TC),total sulfur(TS),organic carbon(SOC),available phosphorus(AP),ammonium(NH4+),urease,arylsulfatase,phosphatase,β-1,4-glucosidase(BG),β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase(NAG).Moreover,this led to substantial improvements in plant height,as well as aboveground and belowground biomass.Microbial inoculants impacted functional gene structures without altering diversity.The normalized abundance of genes related to the degradation of carbon and nitrogen,methane metabolism,and nitrogen fixation were observed to increase,as well as the functional genes related to phosphorus cycling.Significant correlations were found between nutrient cycling gene abundance and plant biomass.Partial Least Squares Path Model analysis showed that microbial inoculants not only directly influenced plant biomass but also indirectly affected the plant biomass through C cycle modifications.This study highlights the role of microbial inoculants in promoting plant growth and soil restoration by improving soil properties and enhancing normalized abundance of nutrient cycling gene,making them essential for the recovery of abandoned mine sites.展开更多
Carbon emissions from wastewater treatment contribute to global warming and have received widespread attention.It is necessary to seek low-carbon wastewater treatment technologies.Microbial fuel cells(MFC)and osmotic ...Carbon emissions from wastewater treatment contribute to global warming and have received widespread attention.It is necessary to seek low-carbon wastewater treatment technologies.Microbial fuel cells(MFC)and osmotic microbial fuel cells(Os MFC)are low-carbon technologies that enable both wastewater treatment and energy recovery.In this study,MFC and Os MFC were used to treat sulfamethoxazole(SMX)wastewater,and direct carbon emissions during operation was calculated.The highest SMX removal rate can reach about 40%.Simultaneously,the CH_(4)emission factor was significantly reduced to<6 g CO_(2)/kg of chemical oxygen demand.The accumulation of SMX-degrading bacteria competed with methanogens for carbon source utilization,leading to a significant decrease in the relative abundance of methanogens.It is hoped that this study can provide a sustainable approach to antibiotic wastewater treatment and promote the development of low-carbon wastewater treatment technologies.展开更多
Understanding the elevational patterns of soil microbial carbon(C)metabolic potentials is instrumental for predicting changes in soil organic C(SOC)stocks in the face of climate change.However,such patterns remain unc...Understanding the elevational patterns of soil microbial carbon(C)metabolic potentials is instrumental for predicting changes in soil organic C(SOC)stocks in the face of climate change.However,such patterns remain uncertain in arid mountain ecosystems,where climosequences are quite different from other ecosystems.To address this gap,this study investigated the distribution determinants of microbial communities,C cycling-related genes,and SOC fractions along an elevational gradient(1707–3548 m),with a mean annual precipitation(MAP)range of 38 to 344 mm,on the north slope of the central part of the Kunlun Mountains,China using a metagenomic approach.The results showed that elevation significantly influenced the α-diversity(Shannon index)and composition of microbial communities as well as the C cycling-related genes.The α-diversities of microbial taxa and C cycling-related genes linearly increased with the increase in MAP along the elevational gradient.The elevational patterns of the genes encoding glycoside hydrolases and glycosyl transferases(GTs)were mainly driven by soil electrical conductivity(EC),mean annual temperature(MAT),MAP,and plant diversity.Furthermore,mineral-associated organic C(MAOC),particulate organic C(POC),and their sum generally increased with elevation.However,the MAOC/POC ratio followed a unimodal pattern,suggesting greater stability of the SOC pool in the mid-elevation regions.This unimodal pattern was likely influenced by the abundances of Actinobacteria and the genes encoding GTs and carbohydrate esterases and the threshold effects of soil EC and MAT.In summary,our findings indicate that the distribution patterns of microbial communities and C cycling-related genes along the elevational gradient in an arid ecosystem are distinct from those in the regions with higher MAP,facilitating the prediction of climate change effects on SOC metabolism under more arid conditions.Soil salinity,plant diversity,precipitation,and temperature are the main regulatory factors of microbial C metabolism processes,and they potentially play a central role in mediating SOC pool stability.展开更多
Evaluating petroleum contamination risk and implementing remedial measures in agricultural soil rely on indicators such as soil metal(loid)s and microbiome alterations.However,the response of these indicators to petro...Evaluating petroleum contamination risk and implementing remedial measures in agricultural soil rely on indicators such as soil metal(loid)s and microbiome alterations.However,the response of these indicators to petroleum contamination remains under-investigated.The present study investigated the soil physicochemical features,metal(loid)s,microbial communities and networks,and phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs)community structures in soil samples collected from long-(LC)and short-term(SC)petroleum-contaminated oil fields.The results showed that petroleum contamination increased the levels of soil total petroleum hydrocarbon,carbon,nitrogen,sulfur,phosphorus,calcium,copper,manganese,lead,and zinc,and decreased soil pH,microbial biomass,bacterial and fungal diversity.Petroleum led to a rise in the abundances of soil Proteobacteria,Ascomycota,Oleibacter,and Fusarium.Network analyses showed that the number of network links(Control vs.SC,LC=1181 vs.700,1021),nodes(Control vs.SC,LC=90 vs.71,83)and average degree(Control vs.SC,LC=26.244 vs.19.718,24.602)recovered as the duration of contamination increased.Petroleum contamination also reduced the concentration of soil PLFAs,especially bacterial.These results demonstrate that brief exposure to high levels of petroleum contamination alters the physicochemical characteristics of the soil as well as the composition of soil metal(loid)s andmicroorganisms,leading to a less diverse soilmicrobial network that is more susceptible to damage.Future research should focus on the culturable microbiome of soil under petroleum contamination to provide a theoretical basis for further remediation.展开更多
Arsenic(As)methylation in soils affects the environmental behavior of As,excessive accumulation of dimethylarsenate(DMA)in rice plants leads to straighthead disease and a serious drop in crop yield.Understanding the m...Arsenic(As)methylation in soils affects the environmental behavior of As,excessive accumulation of dimethylarsenate(DMA)in rice plants leads to straighthead disease and a serious drop in crop yield.Understanding the mobility and transformation of methylated arsenic in redox-changing paddy fields is crucial for food security.Here,soils including unarsenic contaminated(N-As),low-arsenic(L-As),medium-arsenic(M-As),and high-arsenic(H-As)soils were incubated under continuous anoxic,continuous oxic,and consecutive anoxic/oxic treatments respectively,to profile arsenic methylating process and microbial species involved in the As cycle.Under anoxic-oxic(A-O)treatment,methylated arsenic was significantly increased once oxygen was introduced into the incubation system.The methylated arsenic concentrations were up to 2-24 times higher than those in anoxic(A),oxic(O),and oxic-anoxic(O-A)treatments,under which arsenic was methylated slightly and then decreased in all four As concentration soils.In fact,the most plentiful arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase genes(arsM)contributed to the increase in As methylation.Proteobacteria(40.8%-62.4%),Firmicutes(3.5%-15.7%),and Desulfobacterota(5.3%-13.3%)were the major microorganisms related to this process.These microbial increasedmarkedly and played more important roles after oxygen was introduced,indicating that they were potential keystone microbial groups for As methylation in the alternating anoxic(flooding)and oxic(drainage)environment.The novel findings provided newinsights into the reoxidation-driven arsenic methylation processes and the model could be used for further risk estimation in periodically flooded paddy fields.展开更多
Bioelectrochemical regulation has been proved to enhance the traditional anaerobic digestion(AD)of organic wastes.However,few investigations have explored whether it is possible to enhance the production of biomethane...Bioelectrochemical regulation has been proved to enhance the traditional anaerobic digestion(AD)of organic wastes.However,few investigations have explored whether it is possible to enhance the production of biomethane from raw corn stover(CS).A single-chamber microbial electrolysis cell(MEC)was incorporated with an AD to form a new system(MEC-AD)with aiming at more efficient bioconversion of CS to biomethane.The performance and microbiological characteristics of MEC-AD was investigated,and compared with conventional AD,which were inoculated with original inoculum(UAD)and electrically domesticated inoculum(EAD),respectively.The results showed that MEC-AD achieved the highest CH_(4)yield of 239.13 ml·g^(-1)volatile solids(VS),which was 29.28%and 12.44%higher than those of UAD and EAD,respectively.MEC-AD also achieved higher substance conversion rates of 73.24%VS,91.16%cellulose,and 77.24%hemicellulose,respectively.The community characteristics of microorganisms revealed that the relative abundance and interactions of functional microorganisms in MEC-AD were obviously different from UAD and EAD.In MEC-AD,Electroactive bacteria(Sedimentibacter)with electrotrophic methanogens(Methanosarcina and Methanosaeta)in anodic biofilms established electrotrophic methanogenesis through direct interspecies electron transfer(DIET).The process of methanotrophic methanogenesis was facilitated by the interactions between fermentative acid-producing bacteria(FABs),syntrophic organic acid oxidation bacteria(SOBs),and methylotrophic methanogens(Methyl-HMs)in MEC-AD suspensions.Efficient synergistic interactions between these functional microorganisms improved the performance of MEC-AD in converting CS to produce biomethane.The study could provide an effective means for achieving higher AD biomethane production from raw CS.展开更多
In this study,the effects of different salinity gradients and addition of compatible solutes on anaerobic treated effluent water qualities,sludge characteristics and microbial communities were investigated.The increas...In this study,the effects of different salinity gradients and addition of compatible solutes on anaerobic treated effluent water qualities,sludge characteristics and microbial communities were investigated.The increase in salinity resulted in a decrease in particle size of the granular sludge,which was concentrated in the range of 0.5-1.0 mm.The content of EPS(extracellular polymeric substances)in the granular sludge gradually increased with increasing salinity and the addition of betaine(a typical compatible solute).Meanwhile,the microbial community structure was significantly affected by salinity,with high salinity reducing the diversity of bacteria.At higher salinity,Patescibacteria and Proteobacteria gradually became the dominant phylum,with relative abundance increasing to 13.53%and 12.16%at 20 g/L salinity.Desulfobacterota and its subordinate Desulfovibrio,which secrete EPS in large quantities,dominated significantly after betaine addition.Their relative abundance reached 13.65%and 7.86%at phylum level and genus level.The effect of these changes on the treated effluent was shown as the average chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal rate decreased from 82.10%to 79.71%,78.01%,68.51%and 64.55%when the salinity gradually increased from 2 g/L to 6,10,16 and 20 g/L.At the salinity of 20 g/L,average COD removal increased to 71.65%by the addition of 2 mmol/L betaine.The gradient elevated salinity and the exogenous addition of betaine played an important role in achieving stability of the anaerobic system in a highly saline environment,which provided a feasible strategy for anaerobic treatment of organic saline wastewater.展开更多
The production of cement and concrete using carbonated steel slag as a supplementary cementitious material achieves the dual benefits of efficient steel slag utilization and CO_(2)fixation.In this study,a combination ...The production of cement and concrete using carbonated steel slag as a supplementary cementitious material achieves the dual benefits of efficient steel slag utilization and CO_(2)fixation.In this study,a combination of microbial technology and a rotary kiln process was employed to expedite the carbonation of steel slag for fixation from cement kiln flue gas.This approach resulted in a significant increase in the CO_(2)-fixation rate,with a CO_(2)-fixation ratio of approximately 10%achieved within 1 h and consistent performance across different seasons throughout the year.Investigation revealed that both the CO_(2)-fixation ratio and the particle fineness are pivotal for increasing the soundness and reactivity of steel slag.When the CO_(2)-fixation ratio exceeds 8%and the specific surface area is at least 300 m2∙kg−1,the soundness issue of steel slag can be effectively addressed,facilitating the safe utilization of steel slag.Residual microbes present in the carbonated steel slag powder act as nucleating sites,increasing the hydration rate of the silicate phases in Portland cement to form more hydration products.Microbial regulation results in the biogenic calcium carbonate having smaller crystal sizes,which facilitates the formation of monocarboaluminate to increase the strength of hardened cement paste.At the same CO_(2)-fixation ratio,microbial mineralized steel slag powder exhibits greater hydration activity than carbonated steel slag powder.With a CO_(2)-fixation ratio of 10%and a specific surface area of 600 m^(2)∙kg^(−1),replacing 30%of cement clinker with microbial mineralized steel slag powder yields an activity index of 87.7%.This study provides a sustainable solution for reducing carbon emissions and safely and efficiently utilizing steel slag in the construction materials sector,while expanding the application scope of microbial technology.展开更多
The large-scale exploitation of vanadium(Ⅴ) bearing minerals has led to a massive accumulation of Ⅴ tailings, of which Ⅴ pollution poses severe ecological risks. Although the mechanisms of Ⅴ stress to the microbia...The large-scale exploitation of vanadium(Ⅴ) bearing minerals has led to a massive accumulation of Ⅴ tailings, of which Ⅴ pollution poses severe ecological risks. Although the mechanisms of Ⅴ stress to the microbial community have been reported, the influential pathways in a multi-medium-containing system, for example, the soil-tailings-groundwater system,are unknown. The dynamic redox conditions and substance exchange within the system exhibited complex Ⅴ stress on the local microbial communities. In this study, the influence pathways of Ⅴ stress to the microbial community in the soil-tailings-groundwater system were first investigated. High Ⅴ contents were observed in groundwater(139.2 ± 0.15 μg/L) and soil(98.0–323.8 ± 0.02 mg/kg), respectively. Distinct microbial composition was observed for soil and groundwater, where soil showed the highest level of diversity and richness. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria were dominant in soil and groundwater with a sum relative abundance of around 80 %. Based on redundancy analysis and structural equation models, Ⅴ was one of the vital driving factors affecting microbial communities. Groundwater microbial communities were influenced by Ⅴ via Cr, dissolved oxygen, and total nitrogen, while Fe, Mn, and total phosphorus were the key mediators for Ⅴ to affect soil microbial communities. Ⅴ affected the microbial community via metabolic pathways related to carbonaceous matter, which was involved in the establishment of survival strategies for metal stress. This study provides novel insights into the influence pathways of Ⅴ on the microorganisms in tailings reservoir for pollution bioremediation.展开更多
【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference fo...【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference for the manufacture and application of both microbial agents and Si fertilizer in food lily production.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted over a three-year period,from March 2019 to March 2022.The experimental field had been continuously cultivated with lily for 9 years.Three treatments were established:silicon fertilizer(SF),microbial agents(“Special 8^(TM)”,MF),and combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents(SMF).A control group with blank soil(CK)was also included.At seedling stage of Lanzhou lilies in 2020 and 2021,the shoot and bulb dry weight,and the plant height and stem diameter of Lanzhou lilies were investigated for calculation of seedling index.In July 2020,20 plants were selected in each plot,and root zone soils were sampled at a depth of 20 cm,10 cm away from the roots,and then mixed to form a composite sample.The soil available Si and organic matter content were analyzed,and the fungal community structure and some specific microbial groups in soils were determined with high-throughput sequencing of ITS.【Results】All the three treatments significantly enhanced the lily plant growth and the seedling index,compared to CK.Besides,SF and MF treatments increased the relative abundances(RA)and diversity of fungal communities,and altered the community structures.The RA of some specific groups were found to be significantly correlated with the seedling index and/or soil available Si.Of them,the RA of the genera Fusarium,Dactylonectria,Humicola,Stilbella,and the species Humicola_grisea showed a positive correlation,while that of the genera Mortierella,Stilbella,Holtermanniella,and the species Mortierella_fatshederae showed a negative correlation with seedling index.The genera Fusarium,Stilbella,the species Humicola_grisea,and Dactylonectria_estremocensis showed a positive correlation,while the genura Stilbella,and the species Mortierella fatshederae showed a negative correlation with available Si content.In the co-occurence network of top twenty fungal genera and top sixteen bacterial genera(RA>0.2%),Holtermanniella was the only genus that interacted with the bacteria and negatively correlated with bacterial genus Blastococcus.Holtermanniella was also the most densely connected genera,followed by the genus Fusarium,Didymella and Humicola.In addition,the genus Holtermanniella was the key species connecting fungal and bacterial community in soil.Fungal functional prediction revealed that SF,MF and SMF treatments decreased plant pathogens guilds and increased the beneficial guilds Ectomycorrhizal,plant saprophyte,leaf saprophyte,and arbuscular mycorrhizal compared to CK.【Conclusions】Combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents can alleviate continuous replanting problems of Lanzhou lilies through restoring the fungal community diversity,and promoting plant residue depredation,thus reducing soil born disease incidence.The beneficial genus Humicola and its one species H.grisea acts as bioconversion,and the genus Acremonium acts as plant pathogen inhibitor.展开更多
Rhizoremediation has emerged as a burgeoning approach for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons(PHCs)from soil,with a primary emphasis on terrestrial plant systems.However,the mechanism of how soil microbiomes influen...Rhizoremediation has emerged as a burgeoning approach for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons(PHCs)from soil,with a primary emphasis on terrestrial plant systems.However,the mechanism of how soil microbiomes influence the dissipation of PHCs within a hygrophyte planting system has yet to be fully elucidated.This work concentrated on the potential evolution of soil microbiomes and their effects on PHC dissipation within the Suaeda salsa(L.)Pall.planting system in a pot experiment.Two representative compounds,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and n-alkanes,were used as target PHCs.The findings revealed a significant efficiency in the dissipation of PHCs in soil with Suaeda salsa cultivation,particularly with respect to n-alkanes.The high dissipation efficiency of PHCs was the synergistic result of root accumulation and microbial biodegradation.The key microbes involved in PHC dissipation were revealed,with the dominant phylum Proteobacteria and genus Salinimicrobium.The alterations in microbial diversity and abundance were closely associated with root exudation and PHC exposure.Significant differences in enzyme activities,an indicator of soil health and fertility,were observed between the rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils,which was attributed to root exudation.This study offers novel insights into the phytoremediation potential for Suaeda in PHC-contaminated soils and serves as a valuable scientific reference for the phytoremediation of such soils.展开更多
The enhancement of chalcopyrite bioleaching with an enriched microbial community by acidified seawater was studied,and the enhancing mechanism was analyzed.The microbial community was enriched at the Dabaoshan mine si...The enhancement of chalcopyrite bioleaching with an enriched microbial community by acidified seawater was studied,and the enhancing mechanism was analyzed.The microbial community was enriched at the Dabaoshan mine site,and the treated ore sample had high concentrations of chalcopyrite and galena.The experimental results show that copper extraction from chalcopyrite with an enriched microbial community in seawater was promoted from 13.1%to 62.1%by acidification in comparison with that without acidification.Further analyses of the solutions,solid residues and microbial compositions by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,Raman spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 16 S rDNA sequencing revealed the promoting effects of acidified seawater.This acidification can increase the biodissolution of chalcopyrite to increase the concentration of iron ions and maintain the redox potential in the range of 360−410 mV.The latter produces an optimal redox environment conducive to chalcopyrite dissolution via Cu_(2)S.The adaptability of the microbial community to a high-salt environment is improved.Chloride ions at 580 mmol/L improve the leaching kinetics of chalcopyrite by increasing the porosity and noncrystallinity of the intermediate elemental sulfur.This study provides a promising way to bioleaching copper minerals using seawater for areas with freshwater shortages.展开更多
Crop productivity may be affected by soil salinization from brackish water irrigation.Plants host species-specific soil microorganisms that can enhance plant adaptability to salt stress.However,it is unclear whether t...Crop productivity may be affected by soil salinization from brackish water irrigation.Plants host species-specific soil microorganisms that can enhance plant adaptability to salt stress.However,it is unclear whether these specific microorganisms recruited under brackish water irrigation are related to microbial resistance,which has been proven to promote crop production.A field experiment was conducted using five local wheat varieties,each of which was exposed to brackish or fresh water irrigation for four years.Brackish water irrigation tended to increase wheat yield by 6.38%–19.40%,although the increase in yield under brackish water relative to fresh water irrigation varied with wheat variety.The compositions of the bacterial and fungal communities in the bulk soil and rhizosphere were measured,and the taxa enriched following brackish water irrigation were isolated to investigate microbial resistance.We found that the resistance of each wheat variety was determined by specifically recruited microbial taxa with relevant functions.The yield incremental rates were positively regulated by microbial resistance from the bulk soil and rhizosphere.Moreover,the resistance from the bulk soil and rhizosphere had similar effects,and microbial consortia containing both beneficial and harmful taxa determined microbial resistance.These results indicated that brackish water irrigation-induced recruitment of specific microbial taxa from either the bulk soil or the rhizosphere or both positively contributed to the yield incremental rate and provided a list of key taxa linked to the magnitude of yield variation caused by brackish water irrigation.展开更多
Peanuts are important oilseed legume crops that are susceptible to contamination by Aspergillus flavus in soil,leading to serious economic losses.Previously,our research team developed the Aspergillus-Rihizobia coupli...Peanuts are important oilseed legume crops that are susceptible to contamination by Aspergillus flavus in soil,leading to serious economic losses.Previously,our research team developed the Aspergillus-Rihizobia coupling(ARC)microbial inoculants and found it can reduce A.flavus abundance in the soil and promote efficient nodulation in peanuts.However,the impact of ARC microbial inoculants on different resistant varieties of A.flavus remains unclear.In this study,we screened peanut varieties that were resistant and susceptible to A.flavus and evaluated their nodulation ability and growth performance after ARC microbial inoculants treatment in the field.The results demonstrated that the nodule number and nitrogenase activity of both varieties significantly increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with the highly susceptible variety AH24 showing a greater increase.For photosynthetic parameters,both varieties also increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,but the increase was greater in the moderately resistant variety AH1 than in the highly susceptible variety AH24.Finally,we found that the yield and yield-related traits of the moderately resistant variety AH1 were better than those of the highly susceptible variety AH24.After ARC microbial inoculants treatment,the yield traits of both peanut varieties still increased significantly,but the degree of increase of the moderately resistant variety AH1 was smaller than that of the highly susceptible variety AH24.In addition,the abundance of A.flavus in the rhizosphere soil of the two varieties significantly decreased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with no significant difference between the varieties.These results indicated that ARC microbial inoculants exert differential effects on the nodulation and growth of different resistant peanut varieties and have a better effect on highly susceptible varieties.These results provide a solid theoretical basis for the efficient use of ARC microbial inoculants in the field of peanuts in the future.展开更多
Microbial fouling is an important challenge in water recovery system of manned spacecrafts for longer term missions.Microbial fouling of 5A06 aluminium alloy induced by typical extreme environment-resistant bacteria i...Microbial fouling is an important challenge in water recovery system of manned spacecrafts for longer term missions.Microbial fouling of 5A06 aluminium alloy induced by typical extreme environment-resistant bacteria in oligotrophic solutions of simulated condensate of manned spacecraft was investigated.Bacillus cereus showed poor survival ability to oligotrophic environments,and a small amount of remaining live B.cereus cells mainly existed in the form of spores without forming biofilms.And when B.cereus was mixed cultured with Cupriavidus metallidurans,the system was mainly affected by C.metallidurans biofilms rather than B.cereus cells.C.metallidurans could promote the thickness of passive films of aluminum alloy,so C.metallidurans posed a minor threat to the corrosion of 5A06 aluminum alloy.However,C.metallidurans showed strong adaptability to oligotrophic environments and formed a large number of biofilms.And the contamination threat of C.metallidurans still dominated even cultured with B.cereus.Even when cultured with B.cereus,the threat of contamination from C.metallidurans still pre-dominates.Therefore,C.metallidurans would pose a threat of microbial fouling to the oligotrophic water recovery system of manned spacecrafts.展开更多
Microorganisms actively participate in biogeochemical cycling processes and play a crucial role in maintaining the dynamic balance of hot spring ecosystems.However,the distribution of microbial functional genes and th...Microorganisms actively participate in biogeochemical cycling processes and play a crucial role in maintaining the dynamic balance of hot spring ecosystems.However,the distribution of microbial functional genes and their influencing factors in hot springs remain largely unclear.Therefore,this study investigated the microbial functional genes and their potential for controlling biogeochemical cycles(C,N,S,and P) in the hot Springs of Tengchong,China,using the Geochip method,a functional gene microarray technology.The examined hot springs have very different microbial functional genes.A total of 22 736 gene probe signals were identified,belonging to 567 functional genes and associated with 15 ecological functions,mainly involving stress response,carbon cycle,nitrogen cycle,sulfur cycle,phosphorus cycle and energy processes.The amyA,narG,dsrA and ppx genes were most abundant in carbon,nitrogen,sulfur and phosphorus cycles,respectively,and were significantly correlated with pH,temperature and SO_(4)^(2-).The diversity and abundance of detected gene probes were negatively correlated with temperature.The α-diversity(i.e.,Shannon index) was high at low temperature and low pH.Molecular functional interactions revealed by the gene connectivity levels were negatively correlated with temperature,pH and SO_(4)^(2-).These results suggested that the abundance,diversity and interactions of microbial functional genes were significantly influenced by geochemical parameters.-In addition,some genera possessed functional genes related to carbon,nitrogen,sulfur,and phosphorus cycles and can synergistically control the biogeochemical cycles of carbon,nitrogen,sulfur and phosphorus.These findings provide new insights into the functional potentials of microorganisms to participate in biogeochemical cycles and their responses to environmental factors in hot springs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42007428)the National Forage Industry Technology System Program of China(No.CARS34)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi,China(No.2022SF-285)Shaanxi Province Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Program,China(No.SXLK2022-02-14)。
文摘Effective vegetation reconstruction plays a vital role in the restoration of desert ecosystems.However,in reconstruction of different vegetation types,the community characteristics,assembly processes,and functions of different soil microbial taxa under environmental changes are still disputed,which limits the understanding of the sustainability of desert restoration.Hence,we investigated the soil microbial community characteristics and functional attributes of grassland desert(GD),desert steppe(DS),typical steppe(TS),and artificial forest(AF)in the Mu Us Desert,China.Our findings confirmed the geographical conservation of soil microbial composition but highlighted decreased microbial diversity in TS.Meanwhile,the abundance of rare taxa and microbial community stability in TS improved.Heterogeneous and homogeneous selection determined the assembly of rare and abundant bacterial taxa,respectively,with both being significantly influenced by soil moisture.In contrast,fungal communities displayed stochastic processes and exhibited sensitivity to soil nutrient conditions.Furthermore,our investigation revealed a noteworthy augmentation in bacterial metabolic functionality in TS,aligning with improved vegetation restoration and the assemblage of abundant bacterial taxa.However,within nutrient-limited soils(GD,DS,and AF),the assembly dynamics of rare fungal taxa assumed a prominent role in augmenting their metabolic capacity and adaptability to desert ecosystems.These results highlighted the variations in the assembly processes and metabolic functions of soil microorganisms during vegetation reestablishment and provided corresponding theoretical support for anthropogenic revegetation of desert ecosystems.
文摘This study was conducted at the scientific center of Brazzaville. The objective was to assess the microbial characteristics and enzymes activities in the rhizosphere soil of Cajanus cajan and Milletia lauurentii. These plants have great importance in food and forestry. Microbial diversity management in the rhizosphere is the key for sustainable crop production or forest durability. DNA metagenomic sequencing was used to analyze the whole bacterial diversity, the microbial biomass was determinate by the fumigation-extraction method and the enzymes by the p-nitrophenol-β-D-glucoside for β-glucosidase, the p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide for β-Glucosaminidase. Dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase were quantified using 2,3,5-tryphenyl tetrazolium chloride and p-nitophenylphosphate respectively. The results show that, in Cajanus cajan culturable bacteria genera were mainly Acidobacterium, Skermanella, Rhodoplanes, Bacillus, Chloroflexus, Steroidobacter, Sphingomonas and Bradyrhizobium while in Milletia laurentii: Rhodoplanes, Bradyrhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingobacterium, Acidobacterium, Mesorhizobium, Nitrospira were the principal genera. In the two rhizosphere soils investigated, the uncultured bacteria exhibited relatively higher abundance, often for the same genera, than culturable bacteria. Metagenomic studies have revealed more bacterial diversity in each compared to when culturable bacteria were taken into account alone. The MBC and MBN were higher in the rhizosphere of Milletia than in rhizosphere of Cajanus. The same trend was observed with the enzyme activities. PCA of culturable and NMDS of unculturable soil bacteria genera shows that factors mainly involved in the carbon cycle such as MBC, members of the microbial community i.e. Acidobacterium, Skermanella, Chloroflexus, sand, C, β-glucosaminidase and dehydrogenase, were strongly correlated with Cajanus cajan. On the other hand, the MBN, Mesorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Burkholderia, Nitrospira, Nitratireductor, N, NH4, β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase involved in the N cycling, silt and clay were predominantly founded in the rhizosphere soil of Milletia laurentii. This study showed that metagenomic sequencing could improve the assessment of the microbial diversity structure of the rhizosphere.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31860023)the Light of West China Program of Chinese Academic of Sciences(No.[2019]90)+1 种基金the Basic Research Fund of Guangxi Academy of Sciences,China(No.CQZ-D-1904)the Fundamental Research Fund of the Guangxi Institute of Botany,China(Guizhiye Nos.24010 and 24012).
文摘Soil nitrogen(N)cycling is one of the most critical biogeochemical cycles,and N cycling-related microorganisms are the primary driving force behind N cycling in natural environments.The large karst sinkholes in China,known as Tiankengs,harbor abundant unique biological resources due to their particular environmental conditions.However,N cycling-related microorganisms in Tiankeng soils and their connection to ecosystem processes remain poorly studied.In this study,we investigated the distribution patterns and genomic diversity of N cycling-related microorganisms both inside and outside the Luohun cave Tiankeng in Guizhou,China,utilizing high-throughput sequencing and other techniques.The results indicated that the diversities and abundances of denitrifying bacteria,ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,and ammonia-oxidizing archaea communities inside the Tiankeng were higher than those outside the Tiankeng;however,the microbial network relationships were more fragile inside the Tiankeng.The most abundant species of denitrifying bacteria,ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,and ammonia-oxidizing archaea inside the Tiankeng were unclassified_p_Proteobacteria(47.8%),unclassified_k_norank(AOB,OTU121,37.3%),and unclassified_g_norank_f_norank_o_norank_c_environmental_samples(55.7%),respectively;outside the Tiankeng,they were unclassified_k_norank_d_bacteria(54.5%),unclassified_k_norank(AOB,OTU121,48.1%),and unclassified_k_norank(AOA,OTU70,49.6%),respectively.Additionally,the N content inside the Tiankeng was significantly lower(P<0.05)under the influence of these N cycling-related microorganisms,whereas the nutrient contents were higher than that outside the Tiankeng.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report on the crucial microbial distribution patterns driving N cycling in karst Tiankengs and provides new insights into the structure and potential functions of N cycling-related microorganisms in the unique ecological environment of fragile Tiankeng ecosystems.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42076117 and 32160051)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2023A1515012772,2024A1515011721,and 2024A1515012249).
文摘Soil organic carbon(SOC)plays a crucial role in mangrove blue carbon formation,yet the differences in microbemediated underlying SOC sequestration between introduced and native mangroves remain unclear.Here,we compared the SOC pool,including recalcitrant organic carbon(ROC)and labile carbon pools,as well as three residual carbon sources(amino sugars,lignin phenols,and lipids)in sediments between mangroves of introduced Sonneratia apetala and native Kandelia obovata,and further connected them with microbial life strategies and C metabolism capability.The results showed that SOC accumulation in S.apetala(SA)sediment was about 30%-50% of that in K.obovata(KO)sediment.ROC was the dominant form of SOC in long-term sequestration(76%-83%),while lignin phenols,amino sugars,and lipids were important sources of ROC.In S.apetala sediments,the ROC content was positively correlated with amino sugars,resulting from the more r-strategist microbes that can rapidly convert plant-derived carbon into microbial biomass,which is subsequently transformed into microbial necromass.In contrast,in K.obovata sediments,ROC content showed a stronger positive correlation with the concentrations of lignin phenols and lipids.More K-strategist fungi in the topsoil of K.obovata increased enzyme activities,while more K-strategist bacteria in the subsoil enhanced carbon utilization capacity,thereby increasing lignin phenols and lipids from plant residues in both soil layers.Meanwhile,higher Ca^(2+)concentrations in K.obovata sediments protected three residual carbons from further microbe decomposition.This study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of SOC sequestration mediated by microbial life strategies in mangrove ecosystems.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Science and Technology Plan Project(No.BE2022420)the Innovation and Promotion of Forestry Science and Technology Program of Jiangsu Province(No.LYKJ[2021]30)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Project of Baishanzu National Park(No.2021ZDLY01)the Ningxia key research and development plan(No.2021BEG02010)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Mining activities have caused significant land degradation globally,emphasizing the need for effective restoration.Microbial inoculants offer a promising solution for sustainable remediation by enhancing soil nutrients,enzyme activities,and microbial communities to support plant growth.However,the mechanisms by which inoculants influence soil microbes and their relationship with plant growth require further investigation.Metagenomic sequencing was employed for this study,based on a one-year greenhouse experiment,to elucidate the effects of Bacillus thuringiensis NL-11 on the microbial functions of abandoned mine soils.Our findings revealed that the application of microbial inoculants significantly enhanced the soil total carbon(TC),total sulfur(TS),organic carbon(SOC),available phosphorus(AP),ammonium(NH4+),urease,arylsulfatase,phosphatase,β-1,4-glucosidase(BG),β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase(NAG).Moreover,this led to substantial improvements in plant height,as well as aboveground and belowground biomass.Microbial inoculants impacted functional gene structures without altering diversity.The normalized abundance of genes related to the degradation of carbon and nitrogen,methane metabolism,and nitrogen fixation were observed to increase,as well as the functional genes related to phosphorus cycling.Significant correlations were found between nutrient cycling gene abundance and plant biomass.Partial Least Squares Path Model analysis showed that microbial inoculants not only directly influenced plant biomass but also indirectly affected the plant biomass through C cycle modifications.This study highlights the role of microbial inoculants in promoting plant growth and soil restoration by improving soil properties and enhancing normalized abundance of nutrient cycling gene,making them essential for the recovery of abandoned mine sites.
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Research Institutes of China(No.2022YSKY14)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Publicinterest Scientific Institution(No.2023YSKY-07)。
文摘Carbon emissions from wastewater treatment contribute to global warming and have received widespread attention.It is necessary to seek low-carbon wastewater treatment technologies.Microbial fuel cells(MFC)and osmotic microbial fuel cells(Os MFC)are low-carbon technologies that enable both wastewater treatment and energy recovery.In this study,MFC and Os MFC were used to treat sulfamethoxazole(SMX)wastewater,and direct carbon emissions during operation was calculated.The highest SMX removal rate can reach about 40%.Simultaneously,the CH_(4)emission factor was significantly reduced to<6 g CO_(2)/kg of chemical oxygen demand.The accumulation of SMX-degrading bacteria competed with methanogens for carbon source utilization,leading to a significant decrease in the relative abundance of methanogens.It is hoped that this study can provide a sustainable approach to antibiotic wastewater treatment and promote the development of low-carbon wastewater treatment technologies.
基金sponsored by the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China(No.2022D01B213)the Key Scientific and Technological Research Projects in the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,China(No.2023AB017-02)+1 种基金the West Light Foundation for Young Scholar of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2021-XBQNXZ-018)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFF1302504)。
文摘Understanding the elevational patterns of soil microbial carbon(C)metabolic potentials is instrumental for predicting changes in soil organic C(SOC)stocks in the face of climate change.However,such patterns remain uncertain in arid mountain ecosystems,where climosequences are quite different from other ecosystems.To address this gap,this study investigated the distribution determinants of microbial communities,C cycling-related genes,and SOC fractions along an elevational gradient(1707–3548 m),with a mean annual precipitation(MAP)range of 38 to 344 mm,on the north slope of the central part of the Kunlun Mountains,China using a metagenomic approach.The results showed that elevation significantly influenced the α-diversity(Shannon index)and composition of microbial communities as well as the C cycling-related genes.The α-diversities of microbial taxa and C cycling-related genes linearly increased with the increase in MAP along the elevational gradient.The elevational patterns of the genes encoding glycoside hydrolases and glycosyl transferases(GTs)were mainly driven by soil electrical conductivity(EC),mean annual temperature(MAT),MAP,and plant diversity.Furthermore,mineral-associated organic C(MAOC),particulate organic C(POC),and their sum generally increased with elevation.However,the MAOC/POC ratio followed a unimodal pattern,suggesting greater stability of the SOC pool in the mid-elevation regions.This unimodal pattern was likely influenced by the abundances of Actinobacteria and the genes encoding GTs and carbohydrate esterases and the threshold effects of soil EC and MAT.In summary,our findings indicate that the distribution patterns of microbial communities and C cycling-related genes along the elevational gradient in an arid ecosystem are distinct from those in the regions with higher MAP,facilitating the prediction of climate change effects on SOC metabolism under more arid conditions.Soil salinity,plant diversity,precipitation,and temperature are the main regulatory factors of microbial C metabolism processes,and they potentially play a central role in mediating SOC pool stability.
基金supported by Guangxi Key Research and Development Program(No.AB24010136)the Pre-project from Guangxi Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development(No.2024051)Guangxi Geochemistry and Environmental Restoration and Management Research Talent Highland.
文摘Evaluating petroleum contamination risk and implementing remedial measures in agricultural soil rely on indicators such as soil metal(loid)s and microbiome alterations.However,the response of these indicators to petroleum contamination remains under-investigated.The present study investigated the soil physicochemical features,metal(loid)s,microbial communities and networks,and phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs)community structures in soil samples collected from long-(LC)and short-term(SC)petroleum-contaminated oil fields.The results showed that petroleum contamination increased the levels of soil total petroleum hydrocarbon,carbon,nitrogen,sulfur,phosphorus,calcium,copper,manganese,lead,and zinc,and decreased soil pH,microbial biomass,bacterial and fungal diversity.Petroleum led to a rise in the abundances of soil Proteobacteria,Ascomycota,Oleibacter,and Fusarium.Network analyses showed that the number of network links(Control vs.SC,LC=1181 vs.700,1021),nodes(Control vs.SC,LC=90 vs.71,83)and average degree(Control vs.SC,LC=26.244 vs.19.718,24.602)recovered as the duration of contamination increased.Petroleum contamination also reduced the concentration of soil PLFAs,especially bacterial.These results demonstrate that brief exposure to high levels of petroleum contamination alters the physicochemical characteristics of the soil as well as the composition of soil metal(loid)s andmicroorganisms,leading to a less diverse soilmicrobial network that is more susceptible to damage.Future research should focus on the culturable microbiome of soil under petroleum contamination to provide a theoretical basis for further remediation.
基金supported by the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation of Major Basic Research Program (No.ZR2020ZD34)the Key Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42230706)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42307164)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Nos.2023TQ0191 and 2023M732060)the Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.SDBX2023041)and the Qingdao Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.QDBSH20230202052).
文摘Arsenic(As)methylation in soils affects the environmental behavior of As,excessive accumulation of dimethylarsenate(DMA)in rice plants leads to straighthead disease and a serious drop in crop yield.Understanding the mobility and transformation of methylated arsenic in redox-changing paddy fields is crucial for food security.Here,soils including unarsenic contaminated(N-As),low-arsenic(L-As),medium-arsenic(M-As),and high-arsenic(H-As)soils were incubated under continuous anoxic,continuous oxic,and consecutive anoxic/oxic treatments respectively,to profile arsenic methylating process and microbial species involved in the As cycle.Under anoxic-oxic(A-O)treatment,methylated arsenic was significantly increased once oxygen was introduced into the incubation system.The methylated arsenic concentrations were up to 2-24 times higher than those in anoxic(A),oxic(O),and oxic-anoxic(O-A)treatments,under which arsenic was methylated slightly and then decreased in all four As concentration soils.In fact,the most plentiful arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase genes(arsM)contributed to the increase in As methylation.Proteobacteria(40.8%-62.4%),Firmicutes(3.5%-15.7%),and Desulfobacterota(5.3%-13.3%)were the major microorganisms related to this process.These microbial increasedmarkedly and played more important roles after oxygen was introduced,indicating that they were potential keystone microbial groups for As methylation in the alternating anoxic(flooding)and oxic(drainage)environment.The novel findings provided newinsights into the reoxidation-driven arsenic methylation processes and the model could be used for further risk estimation in periodically flooded paddy fields.
基金supports from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(NO.JD2402).
文摘Bioelectrochemical regulation has been proved to enhance the traditional anaerobic digestion(AD)of organic wastes.However,few investigations have explored whether it is possible to enhance the production of biomethane from raw corn stover(CS).A single-chamber microbial electrolysis cell(MEC)was incorporated with an AD to form a new system(MEC-AD)with aiming at more efficient bioconversion of CS to biomethane.The performance and microbiological characteristics of MEC-AD was investigated,and compared with conventional AD,which were inoculated with original inoculum(UAD)and electrically domesticated inoculum(EAD),respectively.The results showed that MEC-AD achieved the highest CH_(4)yield of 239.13 ml·g^(-1)volatile solids(VS),which was 29.28%and 12.44%higher than those of UAD and EAD,respectively.MEC-AD also achieved higher substance conversion rates of 73.24%VS,91.16%cellulose,and 77.24%hemicellulose,respectively.The community characteristics of microorganisms revealed that the relative abundance and interactions of functional microorganisms in MEC-AD were obviously different from UAD and EAD.In MEC-AD,Electroactive bacteria(Sedimentibacter)with electrotrophic methanogens(Methanosarcina and Methanosaeta)in anodic biofilms established electrotrophic methanogenesis through direct interspecies electron transfer(DIET).The process of methanotrophic methanogenesis was facilitated by the interactions between fermentative acid-producing bacteria(FABs),syntrophic organic acid oxidation bacteria(SOBs),and methylotrophic methanogens(Methyl-HMs)in MEC-AD suspensions.Efficient synergistic interactions between these functional microorganisms improved the performance of MEC-AD in converting CS to produce biomethane.The study could provide an effective means for achieving higher AD biomethane production from raw CS.
基金supported by the Guangdong Special Support ProgramProject(No.2021JC060580)the Foshan Innovation Team Project(No.2130218003140).
文摘In this study,the effects of different salinity gradients and addition of compatible solutes on anaerobic treated effluent water qualities,sludge characteristics and microbial communities were investigated.The increase in salinity resulted in a decrease in particle size of the granular sludge,which was concentrated in the range of 0.5-1.0 mm.The content of EPS(extracellular polymeric substances)in the granular sludge gradually increased with increasing salinity and the addition of betaine(a typical compatible solute).Meanwhile,the microbial community structure was significantly affected by salinity,with high salinity reducing the diversity of bacteria.At higher salinity,Patescibacteria and Proteobacteria gradually became the dominant phylum,with relative abundance increasing to 13.53%and 12.16%at 20 g/L salinity.Desulfobacterota and its subordinate Desulfovibrio,which secrete EPS in large quantities,dominated significantly after betaine addition.Their relative abundance reached 13.65%and 7.86%at phylum level and genus level.The effect of these changes on the treated effluent was shown as the average chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal rate decreased from 82.10%to 79.71%,78.01%,68.51%and 64.55%when the salinity gradually increased from 2 g/L to 6,10,16 and 20 g/L.At the salinity of 20 g/L,average COD removal increased to 71.65%by the addition of 2 mmol/L betaine.The gradient elevated salinity and the exogenous addition of betaine played an important role in achieving stability of the anaerobic system in a highly saline environment,which provided a feasible strategy for anaerobic treatment of organic saline wastewater.
基金sponsored by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3802000 and 2021YFB3802004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172016).
文摘The production of cement and concrete using carbonated steel slag as a supplementary cementitious material achieves the dual benefits of efficient steel slag utilization and CO_(2)fixation.In this study,a combination of microbial technology and a rotary kiln process was employed to expedite the carbonation of steel slag for fixation from cement kiln flue gas.This approach resulted in a significant increase in the CO_(2)-fixation rate,with a CO_(2)-fixation ratio of approximately 10%achieved within 1 h and consistent performance across different seasons throughout the year.Investigation revealed that both the CO_(2)-fixation ratio and the particle fineness are pivotal for increasing the soundness and reactivity of steel slag.When the CO_(2)-fixation ratio exceeds 8%and the specific surface area is at least 300 m2∙kg−1,the soundness issue of steel slag can be effectively addressed,facilitating the safe utilization of steel slag.Residual microbes present in the carbonated steel slag powder act as nucleating sites,increasing the hydration rate of the silicate phases in Portland cement to form more hydration products.Microbial regulation results in the biogenic calcium carbonate having smaller crystal sizes,which facilitates the formation of monocarboaluminate to increase the strength of hardened cement paste.At the same CO_(2)-fixation ratio,microbial mineralized steel slag powder exhibits greater hydration activity than carbonated steel slag powder.With a CO_(2)-fixation ratio of 10%and a specific surface area of 600 m^(2)∙kg^(−1),replacing 30%of cement clinker with microbial mineralized steel slag powder yields an activity index of 87.7%.This study provides a sustainable solution for reducing carbon emissions and safely and efficiently utilizing steel slag in the construction materials sector,while expanding the application scope of microbial technology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42377415)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2023NSFSC0811),Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2021JDTD0013 and 2021YFQ0066)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Major Project of Xizhang Autonomous Region of China(No.XZ202201ZD0004G06)the Everest Scientific Research Program(No.80000-2023ZF11405).
文摘The large-scale exploitation of vanadium(Ⅴ) bearing minerals has led to a massive accumulation of Ⅴ tailings, of which Ⅴ pollution poses severe ecological risks. Although the mechanisms of Ⅴ stress to the microbial community have been reported, the influential pathways in a multi-medium-containing system, for example, the soil-tailings-groundwater system,are unknown. The dynamic redox conditions and substance exchange within the system exhibited complex Ⅴ stress on the local microbial communities. In this study, the influence pathways of Ⅴ stress to the microbial community in the soil-tailings-groundwater system were first investigated. High Ⅴ contents were observed in groundwater(139.2 ± 0.15 μg/L) and soil(98.0–323.8 ± 0.02 mg/kg), respectively. Distinct microbial composition was observed for soil and groundwater, where soil showed the highest level of diversity and richness. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria were dominant in soil and groundwater with a sum relative abundance of around 80 %. Based on redundancy analysis and structural equation models, Ⅴ was one of the vital driving factors affecting microbial communities. Groundwater microbial communities were influenced by Ⅴ via Cr, dissolved oxygen, and total nitrogen, while Fe, Mn, and total phosphorus were the key mediators for Ⅴ to affect soil microbial communities. Ⅴ affected the microbial community via metabolic pathways related to carbonaceous matter, which was involved in the establishment of survival strategies for metal stress. This study provides novel insights into the influence pathways of Ⅴ on the microorganisms in tailings reservoir for pollution bioremediation.
基金Key Research project of Gansu Province of China(22YF7NA108)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860549)+1 种基金Industry Supporting Project from Education Department of Gansu Province(2023CYZC-49)Major Science and Technology project of Gansu province(24ZDNA006)。
文摘【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference for the manufacture and application of both microbial agents and Si fertilizer in food lily production.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted over a three-year period,from March 2019 to March 2022.The experimental field had been continuously cultivated with lily for 9 years.Three treatments were established:silicon fertilizer(SF),microbial agents(“Special 8^(TM)”,MF),and combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents(SMF).A control group with blank soil(CK)was also included.At seedling stage of Lanzhou lilies in 2020 and 2021,the shoot and bulb dry weight,and the plant height and stem diameter of Lanzhou lilies were investigated for calculation of seedling index.In July 2020,20 plants were selected in each plot,and root zone soils were sampled at a depth of 20 cm,10 cm away from the roots,and then mixed to form a composite sample.The soil available Si and organic matter content were analyzed,and the fungal community structure and some specific microbial groups in soils were determined with high-throughput sequencing of ITS.【Results】All the three treatments significantly enhanced the lily plant growth and the seedling index,compared to CK.Besides,SF and MF treatments increased the relative abundances(RA)and diversity of fungal communities,and altered the community structures.The RA of some specific groups were found to be significantly correlated with the seedling index and/or soil available Si.Of them,the RA of the genera Fusarium,Dactylonectria,Humicola,Stilbella,and the species Humicola_grisea showed a positive correlation,while that of the genera Mortierella,Stilbella,Holtermanniella,and the species Mortierella_fatshederae showed a negative correlation with seedling index.The genera Fusarium,Stilbella,the species Humicola_grisea,and Dactylonectria_estremocensis showed a positive correlation,while the genura Stilbella,and the species Mortierella fatshederae showed a negative correlation with available Si content.In the co-occurence network of top twenty fungal genera and top sixteen bacterial genera(RA>0.2%),Holtermanniella was the only genus that interacted with the bacteria and negatively correlated with bacterial genus Blastococcus.Holtermanniella was also the most densely connected genera,followed by the genus Fusarium,Didymella and Humicola.In addition,the genus Holtermanniella was the key species connecting fungal and bacterial community in soil.Fungal functional prediction revealed that SF,MF and SMF treatments decreased plant pathogens guilds and increased the beneficial guilds Ectomycorrhizal,plant saprophyte,leaf saprophyte,and arbuscular mycorrhizal compared to CK.【Conclusions】Combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents can alleviate continuous replanting problems of Lanzhou lilies through restoring the fungal community diversity,and promoting plant residue depredation,thus reducing soil born disease incidence.The beneficial genus Humicola and its one species H.grisea acts as bioconversion,and the genus Acremonium acts as plant pathogen inhibitor.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22176025 and 22136007)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3701404)the Petro China Innovation Foundation(No.D2019-5007-0502)。
文摘Rhizoremediation has emerged as a burgeoning approach for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons(PHCs)from soil,with a primary emphasis on terrestrial plant systems.However,the mechanism of how soil microbiomes influence the dissipation of PHCs within a hygrophyte planting system has yet to be fully elucidated.This work concentrated on the potential evolution of soil microbiomes and their effects on PHC dissipation within the Suaeda salsa(L.)Pall.planting system in a pot experiment.Two representative compounds,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and n-alkanes,were used as target PHCs.The findings revealed a significant efficiency in the dissipation of PHCs in soil with Suaeda salsa cultivation,particularly with respect to n-alkanes.The high dissipation efficiency of PHCs was the synergistic result of root accumulation and microbial biodegradation.The key microbes involved in PHC dissipation were revealed,with the dominant phylum Proteobacteria and genus Salinimicrobium.The alterations in microbial diversity and abundance were closely associated with root exudation and PHC exposure.Significant differences in enzyme activities,an indicator of soil health and fertility,were observed between the rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils,which was attributed to root exudation.This study offers novel insights into the phytoremediation potential for Suaeda in PHC-contaminated soils and serves as a valuable scientific reference for the phytoremediation of such soils.
基金Project(2022YFC2105300)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProjects(41802038,51774342)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘The enhancement of chalcopyrite bioleaching with an enriched microbial community by acidified seawater was studied,and the enhancing mechanism was analyzed.The microbial community was enriched at the Dabaoshan mine site,and the treated ore sample had high concentrations of chalcopyrite and galena.The experimental results show that copper extraction from chalcopyrite with an enriched microbial community in seawater was promoted from 13.1%to 62.1%by acidification in comparison with that without acidification.Further analyses of the solutions,solid residues and microbial compositions by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,Raman spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 16 S rDNA sequencing revealed the promoting effects of acidified seawater.This acidification can increase the biodissolution of chalcopyrite to increase the concentration of iron ions and maintain the redox potential in the range of 360−410 mV.The latter produces an optimal redox environment conducive to chalcopyrite dissolution via Cu_(2)S.The adaptability of the microbial community to a high-salt environment is improved.Chloride ions at 580 mmol/L improve the leaching kinetics of chalcopyrite by increasing the porosity and noncrystallinity of the intermediate elemental sulfur.This study provides a promising way to bioleaching copper minerals using seawater for areas with freshwater shortages.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFD1500502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42277347)+1 种基金the Development Program of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China(No.NMKJXM202401-01)China Agriculture Research System of Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(No.CARS–03).
文摘Crop productivity may be affected by soil salinization from brackish water irrigation.Plants host species-specific soil microorganisms that can enhance plant adaptability to salt stress.However,it is unclear whether these specific microorganisms recruited under brackish water irrigation are related to microbial resistance,which has been proven to promote crop production.A field experiment was conducted using five local wheat varieties,each of which was exposed to brackish or fresh water irrigation for four years.Brackish water irrigation tended to increase wheat yield by 6.38%–19.40%,although the increase in yield under brackish water relative to fresh water irrigation varied with wheat variety.The compositions of the bacterial and fungal communities in the bulk soil and rhizosphere were measured,and the taxa enriched following brackish water irrigation were isolated to investigate microbial resistance.We found that the resistance of each wheat variety was determined by specifically recruited microbial taxa with relevant functions.The yield incremental rates were positively regulated by microbial resistance from the bulk soil and rhizosphere.Moreover,the resistance from the bulk soil and rhizosphere had similar effects,and microbial consortia containing both beneficial and harmful taxa determined microbial resistance.These results indicated that brackish water irrigation-induced recruitment of specific microbial taxa from either the bulk soil or the rhizosphere or both positively contributed to the yield incremental rate and provided a list of key taxa linked to the magnitude of yield variation caused by brackish water irrigation.
基金supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(CAAS-ZDRW202416)the Foundation of Hubei Hongshan Laboratory(2021hszd015)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Major Projects of Hubei Province(2023BBA002)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Basi Research(2023020201010126)。
文摘Peanuts are important oilseed legume crops that are susceptible to contamination by Aspergillus flavus in soil,leading to serious economic losses.Previously,our research team developed the Aspergillus-Rihizobia coupling(ARC)microbial inoculants and found it can reduce A.flavus abundance in the soil and promote efficient nodulation in peanuts.However,the impact of ARC microbial inoculants on different resistant varieties of A.flavus remains unclear.In this study,we screened peanut varieties that were resistant and susceptible to A.flavus and evaluated their nodulation ability and growth performance after ARC microbial inoculants treatment in the field.The results demonstrated that the nodule number and nitrogenase activity of both varieties significantly increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with the highly susceptible variety AH24 showing a greater increase.For photosynthetic parameters,both varieties also increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,but the increase was greater in the moderately resistant variety AH1 than in the highly susceptible variety AH24.Finally,we found that the yield and yield-related traits of the moderately resistant variety AH1 were better than those of the highly susceptible variety AH24.After ARC microbial inoculants treatment,the yield traits of both peanut varieties still increased significantly,but the degree of increase of the moderately resistant variety AH1 was smaller than that of the highly susceptible variety AH24.In addition,the abundance of A.flavus in the rhizosphere soil of the two varieties significantly decreased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with no significant difference between the varieties.These results indicated that ARC microbial inoculants exert differential effects on the nodulation and growth of different resistant peanut varieties and have a better effect on highly susceptible varieties.These results provide a solid theoretical basis for the efficient use of ARC microbial inoculants in the field of peanuts in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51971032,52371048,and 52071019).
文摘Microbial fouling is an important challenge in water recovery system of manned spacecrafts for longer term missions.Microbial fouling of 5A06 aluminium alloy induced by typical extreme environment-resistant bacteria in oligotrophic solutions of simulated condensate of manned spacecraft was investigated.Bacillus cereus showed poor survival ability to oligotrophic environments,and a small amount of remaining live B.cereus cells mainly existed in the form of spores without forming biofilms.And when B.cereus was mixed cultured with Cupriavidus metallidurans,the system was mainly affected by C.metallidurans biofilms rather than B.cereus cells.C.metallidurans could promote the thickness of passive films of aluminum alloy,so C.metallidurans posed a minor threat to the corrosion of 5A06 aluminum alloy.However,C.metallidurans showed strong adaptability to oligotrophic environments and formed a large number of biofilms.And the contamination threat of C.metallidurans still dominated even cultured with B.cereus.Even when cultured with B.cereus,the threat of contamination from C.metallidurans still pre-dominates.Therefore,C.metallidurans would pose a threat of microbial fouling to the oligotrophic water recovery system of manned spacecrafts.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42172339,91951205)。
文摘Microorganisms actively participate in biogeochemical cycling processes and play a crucial role in maintaining the dynamic balance of hot spring ecosystems.However,the distribution of microbial functional genes and their influencing factors in hot springs remain largely unclear.Therefore,this study investigated the microbial functional genes and their potential for controlling biogeochemical cycles(C,N,S,and P) in the hot Springs of Tengchong,China,using the Geochip method,a functional gene microarray technology.The examined hot springs have very different microbial functional genes.A total of 22 736 gene probe signals were identified,belonging to 567 functional genes and associated with 15 ecological functions,mainly involving stress response,carbon cycle,nitrogen cycle,sulfur cycle,phosphorus cycle and energy processes.The amyA,narG,dsrA and ppx genes were most abundant in carbon,nitrogen,sulfur and phosphorus cycles,respectively,and were significantly correlated with pH,temperature and SO_(4)^(2-).The diversity and abundance of detected gene probes were negatively correlated with temperature.The α-diversity(i.e.,Shannon index) was high at low temperature and low pH.Molecular functional interactions revealed by the gene connectivity levels were negatively correlated with temperature,pH and SO_(4)^(2-).These results suggested that the abundance,diversity and interactions of microbial functional genes were significantly influenced by geochemical parameters.-In addition,some genera possessed functional genes related to carbon,nitrogen,sulfur,and phosphorus cycles and can synergistically control the biogeochemical cycles of carbon,nitrogen,sulfur and phosphorus.These findings provide new insights into the functional potentials of microorganisms to participate in biogeochemical cycles and their responses to environmental factors in hot springs.
