In this paper,we focus on compelling evidence showing that MEX3A is significantly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and correlates with poor prognosis.A recent study by Ji et al highlights MEX3A’s role in...In this paper,we focus on compelling evidence showing that MEX3A is significantly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and correlates with poor prognosis.A recent study by Ji et al highlights MEX3A’s role in driving proliferation and migration via the RORA/β-catenin axis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition,positioning it as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target.This study addresses a critical gap in understanding HCC pathogenesis and offers valuable mechanistic insights.展开更多
BACKGROUND MEX3A is a member of the human homologous gene MEX-3 family.It has been shown to promote cell proliferation and migration in various cancers,indicating its potential clinical significance.However,the role o...BACKGROUND MEX3A is a member of the human homologous gene MEX-3 family.It has been shown to promote cell proliferation and migration in various cancers,indicating its potential clinical significance.However,the role of MEX3A in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains largely unexplored,with limited reports available in the literature.AIM To investigate expression and clinical significance of MEX3A in HCC and explore its potential role in tumor progression.METHODS We analyzed MEX3A mRNA expression in HCC and adjacent tissues using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA).The correlation between MEX3A expression and overall survival(OS)was evaluated.Immunohistochemistry was performed on HCC surgical specimens to validate MEX3A expression and its association with clinical parameters,including hepatitis B virus(HBV)positivity,tumor differentiation and tumor size.Additionally,MEX3A knockdown HCC cell lines were constructed to explore the biological functions of MEX3A.Cell prolif-eration was assessed using cell counting kit-8 and clone formation assays,while cell cycle progression was analyzed by flow cytometry.The effects of MEX3A on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were examined by western blotting and immunofluorescence.Cell migration was evaluated using scratch and Transwell assays.Finally,the role of the transcription factor RORA in mediating MEX3A effects was explored by silencing RORA and analyzing its impact on cell proliferation and protein expression.RESULTS TCGA data analysis revealed that MEX3A mRNA expression was significantly higher in HCC tissues compared to adjacent tissues.Higher MEX3A expression was associated with poorer OS.These findings were validated in HCC surgical specimens.Immunohistochemistry confirmed elevated MEX3A expression in HCC tissues and showed positive correlations with Ki-67 and vimentin levels.MEX3A expression was closely related to HBV positivity,tumor differentiation and tumor size.Mechanistic studies demonstrated that MEX3A knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle progression,as shown by reduced expression ofβ-catenin,c-Myc and cyclin D1.Additionally,MEX3A knockdown inhibited the nuclear entry ofβ-catenin,thereby suppressing the activation of downstream oncogenic pathways.MEX3A depletion significantly reduced the migratory ability of HCC cells,likely through downregulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway.Transcription factor analysis identified RORA as a potential mediator of MEX3A effects.Silencing RORA antagonized the effects of MEX3A on cell proliferation and the expression ofβ-catenin,c-Myc and cyclin D1.CONCLUSION MEX3A promotes cell proliferation in HCC by regulating the RORA/β-catenin pathway.Our findings suggest that MEX3A could serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC.展开更多
This article discusses the recently published study by Ji et al on the role of MEX3A in hepatocellular carcinoma.The study reveals MEX3A’s role,but has issues including a small sample size and unclear RORA-regulation...This article discusses the recently published study by Ji et al on the role of MEX3A in hepatocellular carcinoma.The study reveals MEX3A’s role,but has issues including a small sample size and unclear RORA-regulation.We propose new research directions.It is essential to analyze the immune cells in MEX3A-high tumors and test the impact of MEX3A-knockout on immunotherapy when exploring the relationship between MEX3A and the immune microenvironment.With regard to MEX3A and cancer stem cells,it is necessary to assess the effect of MEX3A on cancer stem cell self-renewal and use organoids to test the targeting ability of MEX3A-inhibitors.In addition,improvements such as larger-scale validation and in-depth mechanism research are required,which could boost hepatocellular carcinoma understanding and patient prognosis.展开更多
Additive Manufacturing(AM)can provide customized parts that conventional techniques fail to deliver.One important parameter in AM is the quality of the parts,as a result of the material extrusion 3D printing(3D-P)proc...Additive Manufacturing(AM)can provide customized parts that conventional techniques fail to deliver.One important parameter in AM is the quality of the parts,as a result of the material extrusion 3D printing(3D-P)procedure.This can be very important in defense-related applications,where optimum performance needs to be guaranteed.The quality of the Polyetherimide 3D-P specimens was examined by considering six control parameters,namely,infill percentage,layer height,deposition angle,travel speed,nozzle,and bed temperature.The quality indicators were the root mean square(Rq)and average(Ra)roughness,porosity,and the actual to nominal dimensional deviation.The examination was performed with optical profilometry,optical microscopy,and micro-computed tomography scanning.The Taguchi design of experiments was applied,with twenty-five runs,five levels for each control parameter,on five replicas.Two additional confirmation runs were conducted,to ensure reliability.Prediction equations were constructed to express the quality indicators in terms of the control parameters.Three modeling approaches were applied to the experimental data,to compare their efficiency,i.e.,Linear Regression Model(LRM),Reduced Quadratic Regression Model,and Quadratic Regression Model(QRM).QRM was the most accurate one,still the differences were not high even considering the simpler LRM model.展开更多
This study focused on the production of polypropylene(PP)/silver(Ag)composites via additive manufacturing.This study aimed to enhance the quality of medical-grade PP in material extrusion(MEX)three-dimensional printin...This study focused on the production of polypropylene(PP)/silver(Ag)composites via additive manufacturing.This study aimed to enhance the quality of medical-grade PP in material extrusion(MEX)three-dimensional printing(3DP)by improving its mechanical properties while simultaneously adding antibacterial properties.The latter can find extremely important and versatile properties that are applicable in defense and security domains.PP/Ag nanocomposites were prepared using a novel method based on a reaction occurring while mixing appropriate quantities of the starting polymers and additives,namely polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as the matrix material and silver nitrate(AgNO_(3))as the filler.This process produced three-dimensional(3D)printed filaments,which were then used to create specimens for a series of standardized tests.It was found that the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were enhanced in relation to pristine PP,especially for the PP matrix with various loadings of AgNO_(3)and PVP,such as 5.0 wt%and 2.5 wt%,respectively.The voids,inclusions,and actual-to-nominal dimensions also showed improved results.The 3DP specimens exhibited a more effective biocidal performance against Staphylococcus aureus than Escherichia coli,which developed an inhibition zone only in the case of PP with filler loading percentages of AgNO_(3)and PVP at 10.0 wt%and 5.0 wt%,respectively Compounds possessing such properties can be beneficial for various applications requiring increased mechanical properties and biocidal capabilities,such as in the Defence or medical industries.展开更多
基金Supported by Youth Foundation of Henan Scientific Committee,No.202300410416Henan Province Medical Science,Technology Breakthrough Plan Project,No.LHGJ20190033.
文摘In this paper,we focus on compelling evidence showing that MEX3A is significantly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and correlates with poor prognosis.A recent study by Ji et al highlights MEX3A’s role in driving proliferation and migration via the RORA/β-catenin axis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition,positioning it as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target.This study addresses a critical gap in understanding HCC pathogenesis and offers valuable mechanistic insights.
基金Supported by Suzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau,No.SYS2020081.
文摘BACKGROUND MEX3A is a member of the human homologous gene MEX-3 family.It has been shown to promote cell proliferation and migration in various cancers,indicating its potential clinical significance.However,the role of MEX3A in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains largely unexplored,with limited reports available in the literature.AIM To investigate expression and clinical significance of MEX3A in HCC and explore its potential role in tumor progression.METHODS We analyzed MEX3A mRNA expression in HCC and adjacent tissues using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA).The correlation between MEX3A expression and overall survival(OS)was evaluated.Immunohistochemistry was performed on HCC surgical specimens to validate MEX3A expression and its association with clinical parameters,including hepatitis B virus(HBV)positivity,tumor differentiation and tumor size.Additionally,MEX3A knockdown HCC cell lines were constructed to explore the biological functions of MEX3A.Cell prolif-eration was assessed using cell counting kit-8 and clone formation assays,while cell cycle progression was analyzed by flow cytometry.The effects of MEX3A on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were examined by western blotting and immunofluorescence.Cell migration was evaluated using scratch and Transwell assays.Finally,the role of the transcription factor RORA in mediating MEX3A effects was explored by silencing RORA and analyzing its impact on cell proliferation and protein expression.RESULTS TCGA data analysis revealed that MEX3A mRNA expression was significantly higher in HCC tissues compared to adjacent tissues.Higher MEX3A expression was associated with poorer OS.These findings were validated in HCC surgical specimens.Immunohistochemistry confirmed elevated MEX3A expression in HCC tissues and showed positive correlations with Ki-67 and vimentin levels.MEX3A expression was closely related to HBV positivity,tumor differentiation and tumor size.Mechanistic studies demonstrated that MEX3A knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle progression,as shown by reduced expression ofβ-catenin,c-Myc and cyclin D1.Additionally,MEX3A knockdown inhibited the nuclear entry ofβ-catenin,thereby suppressing the activation of downstream oncogenic pathways.MEX3A depletion significantly reduced the migratory ability of HCC cells,likely through downregulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway.Transcription factor analysis identified RORA as a potential mediator of MEX3A effects.Silencing RORA antagonized the effects of MEX3A on cell proliferation and the expression ofβ-catenin,c-Myc and cyclin D1.CONCLUSION MEX3A promotes cell proliferation in HCC by regulating the RORA/β-catenin pathway.Our findings suggest that MEX3A could serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC.
文摘This article discusses the recently published study by Ji et al on the role of MEX3A in hepatocellular carcinoma.The study reveals MEX3A’s role,but has issues including a small sample size and unclear RORA-regulation.We propose new research directions.It is essential to analyze the immune cells in MEX3A-high tumors and test the impact of MEX3A-knockout on immunotherapy when exploring the relationship between MEX3A and the immune microenvironment.With regard to MEX3A and cancer stem cells,it is necessary to assess the effect of MEX3A on cancer stem cell self-renewal and use organoids to test the targeting ability of MEX3A-inhibitors.In addition,improvements such as larger-scale validation and in-depth mechanism research are required,which could boost hepatocellular carcinoma understanding and patient prognosis.
文摘Additive Manufacturing(AM)can provide customized parts that conventional techniques fail to deliver.One important parameter in AM is the quality of the parts,as a result of the material extrusion 3D printing(3D-P)procedure.This can be very important in defense-related applications,where optimum performance needs to be guaranteed.The quality of the Polyetherimide 3D-P specimens was examined by considering six control parameters,namely,infill percentage,layer height,deposition angle,travel speed,nozzle,and bed temperature.The quality indicators were the root mean square(Rq)and average(Ra)roughness,porosity,and the actual to nominal dimensional deviation.The examination was performed with optical profilometry,optical microscopy,and micro-computed tomography scanning.The Taguchi design of experiments was applied,with twenty-five runs,five levels for each control parameter,on five replicas.Two additional confirmation runs were conducted,to ensure reliability.Prediction equations were constructed to express the quality indicators in terms of the control parameters.Three modeling approaches were applied to the experimental data,to compare their efficiency,i.e.,Linear Regression Model(LRM),Reduced Quadratic Regression Model,and Quadratic Regression Model(QRM).QRM was the most accurate one,still the differences were not high even considering the simpler LRM model.
文摘This study focused on the production of polypropylene(PP)/silver(Ag)composites via additive manufacturing.This study aimed to enhance the quality of medical-grade PP in material extrusion(MEX)three-dimensional printing(3DP)by improving its mechanical properties while simultaneously adding antibacterial properties.The latter can find extremely important and versatile properties that are applicable in defense and security domains.PP/Ag nanocomposites were prepared using a novel method based on a reaction occurring while mixing appropriate quantities of the starting polymers and additives,namely polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as the matrix material and silver nitrate(AgNO_(3))as the filler.This process produced three-dimensional(3D)printed filaments,which were then used to create specimens for a series of standardized tests.It was found that the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were enhanced in relation to pristine PP,especially for the PP matrix with various loadings of AgNO_(3)and PVP,such as 5.0 wt%and 2.5 wt%,respectively.The voids,inclusions,and actual-to-nominal dimensions also showed improved results.The 3DP specimens exhibited a more effective biocidal performance against Staphylococcus aureus than Escherichia coli,which developed an inhibition zone only in the case of PP with filler loading percentages of AgNO_(3)and PVP at 10.0 wt%and 5.0 wt%,respectively Compounds possessing such properties can be beneficial for various applications requiring increased mechanical properties and biocidal capabilities,such as in the Defence or medical industries.
