Transition metals(TMs)are widely recognized for their valuable catalytic properties in various fields,from environmental protection to industrial application[1].Recently,there has been increasing interest in catalysts...Transition metals(TMs)are widely recognized for their valuable catalytic properties in various fields,from environmental protection to industrial application[1].Recently,there has been increasing interest in catalysts containing late TMs,particularly noble metals such as osmium,iridium and platinum.For instance,some studies have demonstrated that the Os atom serves as metal centers that coordinates alkanes,enabling the activation of C-H bonds in the first step[2].Characterization of the geometric and electronic structures of TM catalysts is essential for exploring the structure-reactivity relationship and elucidating complex mechanisms.展开更多
Metal halide perovskites(MHPs)with striking electrical and optical properties have appeared at the forefront of semiconductor materials for photocatalytic redox reactions but still suffer from some intrinsic drawbacks...Metal halide perovskites(MHPs)with striking electrical and optical properties have appeared at the forefront of semiconductor materials for photocatalytic redox reactions but still suffer from some intrinsic drawbacks such as inferior stability,severe charge-carrier recombination,and limited active sites.Heterojunctions have recently been widely constructed to improve light absorption,passivate surface for enhanced stability,and promote charge-carrier dynamics of MHPs.However,little attention has been paid to the review of MHPs-based heterojunctions for photocatalytic redox reactions.Here,recent advances of MHPs-based heterojunctions for photocatalytic redox reactions are highlighted.The structure,synthesis,and photophysical properties of MHPs-based heterojunctions are first introduced,including basic principles,categories(such as Schottky junction,type-I,type-II,Z-scheme,and S-scheme junction),and synthesis strategies.MHPs-based heterojunctions for photocatalytic redox reactions are then reviewed in four categories:H2evolution,CO_(2)reduction,pollutant degradation,and organic synthesis.The challenges and prospects in solar-light-driven redox reactions with MHPs-based heterojunctions in the future are finally discussed.展开更多
Aqueous batteries,renowned for their cost-effectiveness and non-flammability,have attracted considerable attention in the realm of batteries featuring Zn-based and Sn-based configurations.These configurations employ Z...Aqueous batteries,renowned for their cost-effectiveness and non-flammability,have attracted considerable attention in the realm of batteries featuring Zn-based and Sn-based configurations.These configurations employ Zn and Sn metal anodes,respectively.While the growth patterns of Zn under various current densities have been extensively studied,there has been a scarcity of research on Sn dendrite growth.Our operando imaging analysis reveals that,unlike Zn,Sn forms sharp dendrites at high current density emphasizing the crucial necessity for implementing strategies to suppress the dendrites formation.To address this issue,we introduced a carbon nanotube(CNT)layer on copper foil,effectively preventing the formation of Sn dendrites under high current density,thus enabling the high-current operation of Sn metal batteries.We believe that our work highlights the importance of suppressing dendrite formation in aqueous Sn metal batteries operating at high current density and introduces a fresh perspective on mitigating Sn dendrite formation.展开更多
Chemical hydrogen storage in organic materials is a promising method thanks to its high storage density,reversibility,and safety.However,the dehydrogenation process of organic materials requires high temperatures due ...Chemical hydrogen storage in organic materials is a promising method thanks to its high storage density,reversibility,and safety.However,the dehydrogenation process of organic materials requires high temperatures due to their unfavorable thermodynamic properties.This study proposes a strategy to design a new type of hydrogen storage materials,i.e.,alkali metal pyridinolate/piperidinolate pairs,by combining the effects of a heteroatom and an alkali metal in one molecule to achieve suitable dehydrogenation thermodynamics along with high hydrogen storage capacities.These air-stable compounds can be synthesized using low-cost reactants and water as a green solvent.Thermodynamic predictions indicate that enthalpy changes of dehydrogenation(ΔH_(d))can be significantly reduced to the optimal range for efficient hydrogen release,exemplified by lithium 2-piperidinolate with a 5.6 wt%hydrogen capacity and a suitableΔH_(d)of 32.2 kJ/mol-H_(2).Experimental results obtained using sodium systems validate the computational predictions,demonstrating reversible hydrogen storage even below 100℃.The superior hydrogen desorption performance of alkali metal piperidinolates could be attributed to their suitableΔH_(d)induced by the combined effect of ring nitrogen and metal substitution on their structures.This study not only reports new low-cost hydrogen storage materials but also provides a rational design strategy for developing metalorganic compounds possessing high hydrogen capacities and suitable thermodynamics for efficient hydrogen storage.展开更多
Recent advancements have led to the synthesis of various new metal-containing explosives,particularly energetic metal-organic frameworks(EMOFs),which feature high-energy ligands within well-ordered crystalline structu...Recent advancements have led to the synthesis of various new metal-containing explosives,particularly energetic metal-organic frameworks(EMOFs),which feature high-energy ligands within well-ordered crystalline structures.These explosives exhibit significant advantages over traditional compounds,including higher density,greater heats of detonation,improved mechanical hardness,and excellent thermal stability.To effectively evaluate their detonation performance,it is crucial to have a reliable method for predicting detonation heat,velocity,and pressure.This study leverages experimental data and outputs from the leading commercial computer code to identify suitable decomposition pathways for different metal oxides,facilitating straightforward calculations for the detonation performance of alkali metal salts,and metal coordination compounds,along with EMOFs.The new model enhances predictive reliability for detonation velocities,aligning more closely with experimental results,as evi-denced by a root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.68 km/s compared to 1.12 km/s for existing methods.Furthermore,it accommodates a broader range of compounds,including those containing Sr,Cd,and Ag,and provides predictions for EMOFs that are more consistent with computer code outputs than previous predictive models.展开更多
As a class of crystalline porous materials,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have shown unique advantages in the fields of catalysis,gas storage and separation,but their inherent microporous structure(pore diameter<2 n...As a class of crystalline porous materials,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have shown unique advantages in the fields of catalysis,gas storage and separation,but their inherent microporous structure(pore diameter<2 nm)severely limits their application in scenarios such as macromolecular mass transfer and so on.In order to overcome this re-striction,mesoporous MOFs(meso-MOFs)with a larger aperture(2-50 nm)have attracted much attention due to their potential applications in biological macromolecular catalysis,energy storage and other fields.To date,how to accurately regulate its mesopore topology and pore ordering still faces important technical challenges.展开更多
Brazing filler metals are widely applied,which serve as an industrial adhesive in the joining of dissimilar structures.With the continuous emergence of new structures and materials,the demand for novel brazing filler ...Brazing filler metals are widely applied,which serve as an industrial adhesive in the joining of dissimilar structures.With the continuous emergence of new structures and materials,the demand for novel brazing filler metals is ever-increasing.It is of great significance to investigate the optimized composition design methods and to establish systematic design guidelines for brazing filler metals.This study elucidated the fundamental rules for the composition design of brazing filler metals from a three-dimensional perspective encompassing the basic properties of applied brazing filler metals,formability and processability,and overall cost.The basic properties of brazing filler metals refer to their mechanical properties,physicochemical properties,electromagnetic properties,corrosion resistance,and the wettability and fluidity during brazing.The formability and processability of brazing filler metals include the processes of smelting and casting,extrusion,rolling,drawing and ring-making,as well as the processes of granulation,powder production,and the molding of amorphous and microcrystalline structures.The cost of brazing filler metals corresponds to the sum of materials value and manufacturing cost.Improving the comprehensive properties of brazing filler metals requires a comprehensive and systematic consideration of design indicators.Highlighting the unique characteristics of brazing filler metals should focus on relevant technical indicators.Binary or ternary eutectic structures can effectively enhance the flow spreading ability of brazing filler metals,and solid solution structures contribute to the formability.By employing the proposed design guidelines,typical Ag based,Cu based,Zn based brazing filler metals,and Sn based solders were designed and successfully applied in major scientific and engineering projects.展开更多
IBC Advanced Technologies’ Molecular Recognition Technology(MRT) SuperLig products selectively and rapidly bind with target species enabling their selective removal from solutions.The MRT process can produce a high p...IBC Advanced Technologies’ Molecular Recognition Technology(MRT) SuperLig products selectively and rapidly bind with target species enabling their selective removal from solutions.The MRT process can produce a high purity separation product of maximum added value at a competitive cost.SuperLig products have high selectivity for many target species which can include metal ions,anions,and neutral molecules.In operation,the SuperLig product is first placed in a packed column.A solution containing a mixture of the target species and other chemical species is then passed through the column.The target species is removed selectively by the SuperLig product,the column is washed to remove residual feed solution,and the target species is recovered by a minimal quantity of eluent.The result is a pure and concentrated species that can be kept for its value or disposed of safely.The process is environmentally and ecologically friendly with no organic solvents being used.This paper provides a review of some examples of applications of MRT to separations of interest to the Chinese metallurgical industry.Included are several applications of MRT,including Pd separations from Pt metal refinery streams and low-grade spent catalyst wastes,Rh recovery from spent auto catalyst and other feeds,Re removal from selected impurity ions,Cd removal from Co electrolyte,Bi removal from Cu electrolyte,In and Ge separations from difficult matrices,and removal of bivalent first transition series and other metal ions from acid mine drainage(Berkeley Pit,Montana).Finally,the potential application of MRT to separations involving the recovery of rare earth metals and Li from low-level waste solutions and end-of-life products is discussed.展开更多
Metal-iodine batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their long cycle life,high energy density,remarkable charging capability and low self-discharge rate.Nevertheless,this development is hampered by the c...Metal-iodine batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their long cycle life,high energy density,remarkable charging capability and low self-discharge rate.Nevertheless,this development is hampered by the challenges of the iodine cathode and metal anode,including the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),sluggish kinetics,shuttle effect of polyiodine ion at the cathode and dendrite formation,corrosion and passivation at the anode.This review summarizes recent developments in metaliodine batteries,including zinc-iodine batteries,lithiumiodine batteries,sodium-iodine batteries,etc.The challenges in the cathode,anode,electrolyte and separator of metal-iodine batteries are discussed,along with the corresponding design and synthesis strategies and specific methods to improve the electrochemical performance.Selecting appropriate cathode hosts,constructing surface protective layers,adding anode additives,making threedimensional anode designs and employing better electrolytes and functional separators to obstruct the production and shuttling of polyiodine ions are highlighted.Finally,future guidelines and directions for the development of metal-iodine batteries are proposed.展开更多
High-entropy alloy(HEA)nanoparticles(NPs)have attracted great attention in electrocatalysis due to their tailorable complex compositions and unique properties.Herein,we introduce Fe,Co,Ni,Cr and Mn into the metal-poly...High-entropy alloy(HEA)nanoparticles(NPs)have attracted great attention in electrocatalysis due to their tailorable complex compositions and unique properties.Herein,we introduce Fe,Co,Ni,Cr and Mn into the metal-polyphenol coordination system to prepare HEA NPs enclosed in N-doped carbon(FeCoNiCrMn)with great potential for catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The unique high-entropy structural characteristics in FeCoNiCrMn facilitate effective interplay between metal species,leading to improved ORR(E_(1/2)=0.89 V)and OER(η=330 mV,j=10 mA·cm^(−2))activity.Additionally,FeCoNiCrMn exhibits excellent open-circuit voltage(1.523 V),power density(110 mW·cm^(−2))and long-term durability,outperforming Pt/C+IrO_(2) electrodes as a cathode catalyst in Zn-air batteries(ZABs).Such polyphenol-assisted alloying method broadens and simplifies the development of HEA electrocatalysts for high-performance ZABs.展开更多
Dissolved copper and iron ions are regarded as friendly and economic catalysts for peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation,however,neither Cu(Ⅱ)nor Fe(Ⅲ)shows efficient catalytic performance because of the slow rates of Cu...Dissolved copper and iron ions are regarded as friendly and economic catalysts for peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation,however,neither Cu(Ⅱ)nor Fe(Ⅲ)shows efficient catalytic performance because of the slow rates of Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ)and Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)cycles.Innovatively,we observed a significant enhancement on the degradation of organic contaminants when Cu(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ)were coupled to activate PMS in borate(BA)buffer.The degradation efficiency of Rhodamine B(RhB,20μmol/L)reached up to 96.3%within 10 min,which was higher than the sum of individual Cu(Ⅱ)-and Fe(Ⅲ)-activated PMS process.Sulfate radical,hydroxyl radical and high-valent metal ions(i.e.,Cu(Ⅲ)and Fe(IV))were identified as the working reactive species for RhB removal in Cu(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ)/PMS/BA system,while the last played a predominated role.The presence of BA dramatically facilitated the reduction of Cu(Ⅱ)to Cu(Ⅰ)via chelating with Cu(Ⅱ)followed by Fe(Ⅲ)reduction by Cu(Ⅰ),resulting in enhanced PMS activation by Cu(Ⅰ)and Fe(Ⅱ)as well as accelerated generation of reactive species.Additionally,the strong buffering capacity of BA to stabilize the solution pH was satisfying for the pollutants degradation since a slightly alkaline environment favored the PMS activation by coupling Cu(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ).In a word,this work provides a brand-new insight into the outstanding PMS activation by homogeneous bimetals and an expanded application of iron-based advanced oxidation processes in alkaline conditions.展开更多
Highly sensitive gas sensors play an important role in applications,such as environmental monitoring,medical diagnostics and food testing.This paper reviews recent advances in metal-doped and noble metal-decorated che...Highly sensitive gas sensors play an important role in applications,such as environmental monitoring,medical diagnostics and food testing.This paper reviews recent advances in metal-doped and noble metal-decorated chemo-resistive gas sensors with different nanostructures(ZnO,SnO_(2),In_(2)O_(3)and Fe_(2)O_(3)).It mainly includes the doping of metals such as Al,Fe and Cu,and the modification of noble metals such as Pd,Pt and Au,and introduces the bimetallic-modified materials possessing greater advantages than single metals in enhancing gas-sensitive performance.The results and problems of room-temperature detection of perovskite and metal oxide composite structural materials are also discussed.In addition,the potential applications of micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)gas sensing arrays and electronic nose smart sensing devices in disease diagnosis and environmental monitoring are presented through their limitations and development trends in areas such as smart homes.Finally,the main challenges and future prospects of metal oxide gas sensors are presented.展开更多
Aqueous zinc metal batteries(ZMBs)which are environmentally benign and cheap can be used for grid-scale energy storage,but have a short cycling life mainly due to the poor reversibility of zinc metal anodes in mild aq...Aqueous zinc metal batteries(ZMBs)which are environmentally benign and cheap can be used for grid-scale energy storage,but have a short cycling life mainly due to the poor reversibility of zinc metal anodes in mild aqueous electrolytes.A zincophilic carbon(ZC)layer was deposited on a Zn metal foil at 450°C by the up-stream pyrolysis of a hydrogen-bonded supramolecular substance framework,as-sembled from melamine(ME)and cyanuric acid(CA).The zincophilic groups(C=O and C=N)in the ZC layer guide uniform zinc plating/stripping and eliminate dendrites and side reactions.so that assembled symmetrical batteries(ZC@Zn//ZC@Zn)have a long-term service life of 2500 h at 1 mA cm^(−2) and 1 mAh cm^(−2),which is much longer than that of bare Zn anodes(180 h).In addition,ZC@Zn//V2O5 full batteries have a higher capacity of 174 mAh g^(−1) after 1200 cycles at 2 A g^(−1) than a Zn//V_(2)O_(5) counterpart(100 mAh g^(−1)).The strategy developed for the low-temperat-ure deposition of the ZC layer is a new way to construct advanced zinc metal anodes for ZMBs.展开更多
A cobalt-based metal-organic framework[Co_(3)(L)_(2)(1,4-bib)_(4)]·4H_(2)O(Co-MOF)was prepared using 5-[(4-carboxyphenoxy)methyl]isophthalic acid(H_(3)L)and 1,4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene(1,4-bib)as ligands.The...A cobalt-based metal-organic framework[Co_(3)(L)_(2)(1,4-bib)_(4)]·4H_(2)O(Co-MOF)was prepared using 5-[(4-carboxyphenoxy)methyl]isophthalic acid(H_(3)L)and 1,4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene(1,4-bib)as ligands.Then,an electrochemical sensor modified with Co-MOF on a glassy carbon electrode(Co-MOF@GCE)was constructed for detecting Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+)in aqueous solutions.The sensor exhibited a linear range of 1.0-16.0µmol·L^(-1)with a detection limit(LOD)of 4.609 nmol·L^(-1)for Cd^(2+),and 0.5-10.0µmol·L^(-1)with an LOD of 1.307 nmol·L^(-1)for Pb^(2+).Simultaneous detection of both ions within 0.5-7.0µmol·L^(-1)achieved LOD values of 0.47 nmol·L^(-1)(Cd^(2+))and 0.008 nmol·L^(-1)(Pb^(2+)),respectively.Analysis of real water samples(tap water,mineral water,and river water)yielded recoveries of 95%-105%,validating practical applicability.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that synergistic interactions between cobalt centers and N/O atoms enhance adsorption and electron-transfer efficiency.CCDC:2160744.展开更多
Ligand-stabilized metal nanoclusters with atomic precision have garnered significant attention for applications in catalysis,biomedicine,and nanoelectronics due to their tunable structures and unique physicochemical p...Ligand-stabilized metal nanoclusters with atomic precision have garnered significant attention for applications in catalysis,biomedicine,and nanoelectronics due to their tunable structures and unique physicochemical properties[1-3].While transition metals such as Au,Ag,Pt,and Pd dominate the core composition,surface ligands are predominantly limited to phosphines,thiols,alkynes,and carbenes.Among these,N-heterocyclic carbenes(NHCs)have emerged as a superior ligand class due to their dual capacity for strongσ-donation andπ-back bonding,which stabilizes diverse metal oxidation states and enhances metal-ligand interactions.Notably,NHC-protected clusters exhibit exceptional thermal stability attributed to CH-π/π-πinteractions and enlarged HOMO-LUMO gaps compared to thiol or phosphine analogues.Despite progress,synthetic limitations persist due to NHCs'sensitivity under harsh conditions.Current methods rely on direct reduction of metal-carbene precursors or ligand exchange reactions,with heterogeneous NHC-capped systems remaining unexplored.展开更多
Exploration budgets for primary battery metals-nickel,lithium and cobalt-tempered in 2024 at$1.697 billion,reflecting a marginal 0.4%decline and a virtually flat annual total,compared to$1.704 billion in 2023.Below is...Exploration budgets for primary battery metals-nickel,lithium and cobalt-tempered in 2024 at$1.697 billion,reflecting a marginal 0.4%decline and a virtually flat annual total,compared to$1.704 billion in 2023.Below is an introduction to the 2024 global exploration trends and prospects for lithium,cobalt,and nickel battery metals.展开更多
The development of stretchable conductors with high deformation,conductivity,and thermal conductivity using liquid metal(LM)has sparked widespread interest in the fields of flexible electronics,electromagnetic interfe...The development of stretchable conductors with high deformation,conductivity,and thermal conductivity using liquid metal(LM)has sparked widespread interest in the fields of flexible electronics,electromagnetic interference(EMI),and multifunctional materi-als.However,fabricating desirable shielding materials by directly coating LMs on soft polymer substrates remains a challenge because of the huge surface tension and weak wettability of LMs.In this study,Ga-based composite paste is prepared from a mixture of Ga and dia-mond nonmetallic particles through ultrasonic fragmentation.At various temperatures,the resulting LM composite putty(LMP)exhibits soft and hard properties and can thus be molded into specific shapes according to application needs.In addition,the composite can be eas-ily coated onto polymer substrates,such as thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)elastomer.The fabricated LMP–TPU exhibits an impress-ive shape deformation capacity of 1100%,demonstrating exceptional tensile properties and achieving electromagnetic interference–shielding effectiveness of up to 52 dB.Furthermore,it retains an ultrahigh conductivity of 20000 S/m,even under a strain of 600%.This feature further makes it a highly competitive multifunctional material.展开更多
Screen printing using metal particle pastes,the current photovoltaic industry metallization standard,provides fast and reliable metal grids for silicon solar cells.Recently,metal complex or reactive metal inks are att...Screen printing using metal particle pastes,the current photovoltaic industry metallization standard,provides fast and reliable metal grids for silicon solar cells.Recently,metal complex or reactive metal inks are attracting research interest due to their significantly low cost and higher performance compared to traditional nanoparticle silver pastes.In this work,we demonstrate,for the first time,screen-printed high-efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells metallized by silver metal complex inks on industrial G1-size(158.75×158.75 mm^(2))wafers.展开更多
Transition metals have garnered significant attention for their roles in addressing energy shortages and environmental water pollution.Their multivalent states and unique electron transfer properties facilitate charge...Transition metals have garnered significant attention for their roles in addressing energy shortages and environmental water pollution.Their multivalent states and unique electron transfer properties facilitate charge transfer in the conversion reaction,expedite energy conversion,and achieve low-energy water treatment.This review comprehensively explores the fundamental mechanisms and practical applications of transition metals in water treatment,including adsorption,photocatalysis,electrocatalysis,photoelectrocatalysis,and other technologies.The feasibility of water treatment using transition metal-based materials is demonstrated through theoretical studies on typical transition metals employed in these water treatment technologies while emphasizing the potential for optimizing material performance through strategies like structural design,defect engineering,crystal engineering,composite materials,surface modification,and atomic catalysts.In addition,the utilization of transition metal-based materials in practical wastewater treatment is comprehensively reviewed.Finally,the challenges and perspectives of transition metal-based materials in practical wastewater treatment are outlined,providing a theoretical foundation and guidance for future research and engineering advancements.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22273101,22125303,92361302,22373102,21327901,and 22288201)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2020187)+3 种基金the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(2021Z D0303304)the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(121421KYSB20170012)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(GJJS TD20220001)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP I202437).
文摘Transition metals(TMs)are widely recognized for their valuable catalytic properties in various fields,from environmental protection to industrial application[1].Recently,there has been increasing interest in catalysts containing late TMs,particularly noble metals such as osmium,iridium and platinum.For instance,some studies have demonstrated that the Os atom serves as metal centers that coordinates alkanes,enabling the activation of C-H bonds in the first step[2].Characterization of the geometric and electronic structures of TM catalysts is essential for exploring the structure-reactivity relationship and elucidating complex mechanisms.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22302155)the Fundamental Research Funds of the Center Universities(No.D5000240188)the research program of ZJUT(YJY-ZS-20240001)。
文摘Metal halide perovskites(MHPs)with striking electrical and optical properties have appeared at the forefront of semiconductor materials for photocatalytic redox reactions but still suffer from some intrinsic drawbacks such as inferior stability,severe charge-carrier recombination,and limited active sites.Heterojunctions have recently been widely constructed to improve light absorption,passivate surface for enhanced stability,and promote charge-carrier dynamics of MHPs.However,little attention has been paid to the review of MHPs-based heterojunctions for photocatalytic redox reactions.Here,recent advances of MHPs-based heterojunctions for photocatalytic redox reactions are highlighted.The structure,synthesis,and photophysical properties of MHPs-based heterojunctions are first introduced,including basic principles,categories(such as Schottky junction,type-I,type-II,Z-scheme,and S-scheme junction),and synthesis strategies.MHPs-based heterojunctions for photocatalytic redox reactions are then reviewed in four categories:H2evolution,CO_(2)reduction,pollutant degradation,and organic synthesis.The challenges and prospects in solar-light-driven redox reactions with MHPs-based heterojunctions in the future are finally discussed.
基金supported by the Institute for Basic Science,south korea(IBS-R006-A2)supproted by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),south korea funded by the Ministry of Education(2018R1D1A3B05042787)+1 种基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),south korea grant funded by the Korea Government(MSIT)(RS-2025-00518953)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),south korea grant funded by the Korea Government(MSIT)(RS-202400422387)。
文摘Aqueous batteries,renowned for their cost-effectiveness and non-flammability,have attracted considerable attention in the realm of batteries featuring Zn-based and Sn-based configurations.These configurations employ Zn and Sn metal anodes,respectively.While the growth patterns of Zn under various current densities have been extensively studied,there has been a scarcity of research on Sn dendrite growth.Our operando imaging analysis reveals that,unlike Zn,Sn forms sharp dendrites at high current density emphasizing the crucial necessity for implementing strategies to suppress the dendrites formation.To address this issue,we introduced a carbon nanotube(CNT)layer on copper foil,effectively preventing the formation of Sn dendrites under high current density,thus enabling the high-current operation of Sn metal batteries.We believe that our work highlights the importance of suppressing dendrite formation in aqueous Sn metal batteries operating at high current density and introduces a fresh perspective on mitigating Sn dendrite formation.
基金partially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFE0198900)support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52171226,22309174)。
文摘Chemical hydrogen storage in organic materials is a promising method thanks to its high storage density,reversibility,and safety.However,the dehydrogenation process of organic materials requires high temperatures due to their unfavorable thermodynamic properties.This study proposes a strategy to design a new type of hydrogen storage materials,i.e.,alkali metal pyridinolate/piperidinolate pairs,by combining the effects of a heteroatom and an alkali metal in one molecule to achieve suitable dehydrogenation thermodynamics along with high hydrogen storage capacities.These air-stable compounds can be synthesized using low-cost reactants and water as a green solvent.Thermodynamic predictions indicate that enthalpy changes of dehydrogenation(ΔH_(d))can be significantly reduced to the optimal range for efficient hydrogen release,exemplified by lithium 2-piperidinolate with a 5.6 wt%hydrogen capacity and a suitableΔH_(d)of 32.2 kJ/mol-H_(2).Experimental results obtained using sodium systems validate the computational predictions,demonstrating reversible hydrogen storage even below 100℃.The superior hydrogen desorption performance of alkali metal piperidinolates could be attributed to their suitableΔH_(d)induced by the combined effect of ring nitrogen and metal substitution on their structures.This study not only reports new low-cost hydrogen storage materials but also provides a rational design strategy for developing metalorganic compounds possessing high hydrogen capacities and suitable thermodynamics for efficient hydrogen storage.
基金the research committee at Malek Ashtar University of Technology (MUT) for their invaluable support of this project
文摘Recent advancements have led to the synthesis of various new metal-containing explosives,particularly energetic metal-organic frameworks(EMOFs),which feature high-energy ligands within well-ordered crystalline structures.These explosives exhibit significant advantages over traditional compounds,including higher density,greater heats of detonation,improved mechanical hardness,and excellent thermal stability.To effectively evaluate their detonation performance,it is crucial to have a reliable method for predicting detonation heat,velocity,and pressure.This study leverages experimental data and outputs from the leading commercial computer code to identify suitable decomposition pathways for different metal oxides,facilitating straightforward calculations for the detonation performance of alkali metal salts,and metal coordination compounds,along with EMOFs.The new model enhances predictive reliability for detonation velocities,aligning more closely with experimental results,as evi-denced by a root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.68 km/s compared to 1.12 km/s for existing methods.Furthermore,it accommodates a broader range of compounds,including those containing Sr,Cd,and Ag,and provides predictions for EMOFs that are more consistent with computer code outputs than previous predictive models.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22088101,21733003,22365021,22305132)the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region“Grassland Talents”Project(2024098)+3 种基金the Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Youth Fund(2023QN02014)The Local Talent Project of Inner Mongolia(12000-15042222)the Basic Research Expenses Supported under 45 Years Old of Inner Mongolia(10000-23112101/036)the“Young Academic Talents”Program of Inner Mongolia University 23600-5233706.
文摘As a class of crystalline porous materials,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have shown unique advantages in the fields of catalysis,gas storage and separation,but their inherent microporous structure(pore diameter<2 nm)severely limits their application in scenarios such as macromolecular mass transfer and so on.In order to overcome this re-striction,mesoporous MOFs(meso-MOFs)with a larger aperture(2-50 nm)have attracted much attention due to their potential applications in biological macromolecular catalysis,energy storage and other fields.To date,how to accurately regulate its mesopore topology and pore ordering still faces important technical challenges.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20191)。
文摘Brazing filler metals are widely applied,which serve as an industrial adhesive in the joining of dissimilar structures.With the continuous emergence of new structures and materials,the demand for novel brazing filler metals is ever-increasing.It is of great significance to investigate the optimized composition design methods and to establish systematic design guidelines for brazing filler metals.This study elucidated the fundamental rules for the composition design of brazing filler metals from a three-dimensional perspective encompassing the basic properties of applied brazing filler metals,formability and processability,and overall cost.The basic properties of brazing filler metals refer to their mechanical properties,physicochemical properties,electromagnetic properties,corrosion resistance,and the wettability and fluidity during brazing.The formability and processability of brazing filler metals include the processes of smelting and casting,extrusion,rolling,drawing and ring-making,as well as the processes of granulation,powder production,and the molding of amorphous and microcrystalline structures.The cost of brazing filler metals corresponds to the sum of materials value and manufacturing cost.Improving the comprehensive properties of brazing filler metals requires a comprehensive and systematic consideration of design indicators.Highlighting the unique characteristics of brazing filler metals should focus on relevant technical indicators.Binary or ternary eutectic structures can effectively enhance the flow spreading ability of brazing filler metals,and solid solution structures contribute to the formability.By employing the proposed design guidelines,typical Ag based,Cu based,Zn based brazing filler metals,and Sn based solders were designed and successfully applied in major scientific and engineering projects.
文摘IBC Advanced Technologies’ Molecular Recognition Technology(MRT) SuperLig products selectively and rapidly bind with target species enabling their selective removal from solutions.The MRT process can produce a high purity separation product of maximum added value at a competitive cost.SuperLig products have high selectivity for many target species which can include metal ions,anions,and neutral molecules.In operation,the SuperLig product is first placed in a packed column.A solution containing a mixture of the target species and other chemical species is then passed through the column.The target species is removed selectively by the SuperLig product,the column is washed to remove residual feed solution,and the target species is recovered by a minimal quantity of eluent.The result is a pure and concentrated species that can be kept for its value or disposed of safely.The process is environmentally and ecologically friendly with no organic solvents being used.This paper provides a review of some examples of applications of MRT to separations of interest to the Chinese metallurgical industry.Included are several applications of MRT,including Pd separations from Pt metal refinery streams and low-grade spent catalyst wastes,Rh recovery from spent auto catalyst and other feeds,Re removal from selected impurity ions,Cd removal from Co electrolyte,Bi removal from Cu electrolyte,In and Ge separations from difficult matrices,and removal of bivalent first transition series and other metal ions from acid mine drainage(Berkeley Pit,Montana).Finally,the potential application of MRT to separations involving the recovery of rare earth metals and Li from low-level waste solutions and end-of-life products is discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52371240)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20230556)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M722686)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(No.2023ZB701)The Big Data Computing Center of Southeast University.
文摘Metal-iodine batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their long cycle life,high energy density,remarkable charging capability and low self-discharge rate.Nevertheless,this development is hampered by the challenges of the iodine cathode and metal anode,including the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),sluggish kinetics,shuttle effect of polyiodine ion at the cathode and dendrite formation,corrosion and passivation at the anode.This review summarizes recent developments in metaliodine batteries,including zinc-iodine batteries,lithiumiodine batteries,sodium-iodine batteries,etc.The challenges in the cathode,anode,electrolyte and separator of metal-iodine batteries are discussed,along with the corresponding design and synthesis strategies and specific methods to improve the electrochemical performance.Selecting appropriate cathode hosts,constructing surface protective layers,adding anode additives,making threedimensional anode designs and employing better electrolytes and functional separators to obstruct the production and shuttling of polyiodine ions are highlighted.Finally,future guidelines and directions for the development of metal-iodine batteries are proposed.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.22120230104).
文摘High-entropy alloy(HEA)nanoparticles(NPs)have attracted great attention in electrocatalysis due to their tailorable complex compositions and unique properties.Herein,we introduce Fe,Co,Ni,Cr and Mn into the metal-polyphenol coordination system to prepare HEA NPs enclosed in N-doped carbon(FeCoNiCrMn)with great potential for catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The unique high-entropy structural characteristics in FeCoNiCrMn facilitate effective interplay between metal species,leading to improved ORR(E_(1/2)=0.89 V)and OER(η=330 mV,j=10 mA·cm^(−2))activity.Additionally,FeCoNiCrMn exhibits excellent open-circuit voltage(1.523 V),power density(110 mW·cm^(−2))and long-term durability,outperforming Pt/C+IrO_(2) electrodes as a cathode catalyst in Zn-air batteries(ZABs).Such polyphenol-assisted alloying method broadens and simplifies the development of HEA electrocatalysts for high-performance ZABs.
基金supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2021YJ0385)the Project in Yangtze River Ecological Environment Protection and Restoration(No.2022-LHYJ-02-0509-08).
文摘Dissolved copper and iron ions are regarded as friendly and economic catalysts for peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation,however,neither Cu(Ⅱ)nor Fe(Ⅲ)shows efficient catalytic performance because of the slow rates of Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ)and Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)cycles.Innovatively,we observed a significant enhancement on the degradation of organic contaminants when Cu(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ)were coupled to activate PMS in borate(BA)buffer.The degradation efficiency of Rhodamine B(RhB,20μmol/L)reached up to 96.3%within 10 min,which was higher than the sum of individual Cu(Ⅱ)-and Fe(Ⅲ)-activated PMS process.Sulfate radical,hydroxyl radical and high-valent metal ions(i.e.,Cu(Ⅲ)and Fe(IV))were identified as the working reactive species for RhB removal in Cu(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ)/PMS/BA system,while the last played a predominated role.The presence of BA dramatically facilitated the reduction of Cu(Ⅱ)to Cu(Ⅰ)via chelating with Cu(Ⅱ)followed by Fe(Ⅲ)reduction by Cu(Ⅰ),resulting in enhanced PMS activation by Cu(Ⅰ)and Fe(Ⅱ)as well as accelerated generation of reactive species.Additionally,the strong buffering capacity of BA to stabilize the solution pH was satisfying for the pollutants degradation since a slightly alkaline environment favored the PMS activation by coupling Cu(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ).In a word,this work provides a brand-new insight into the outstanding PMS activation by homogeneous bimetals and an expanded application of iron-based advanced oxidation processes in alkaline conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174222,52303356 and 62204260)the Natural Science Fund project in Jiangsu Province(No.BK20210494)the Department of Science and Technology of Anhui Province(No.2022CSJGG0703).
文摘Highly sensitive gas sensors play an important role in applications,such as environmental monitoring,medical diagnostics and food testing.This paper reviews recent advances in metal-doped and noble metal-decorated chemo-resistive gas sensors with different nanostructures(ZnO,SnO_(2),In_(2)O_(3)and Fe_(2)O_(3)).It mainly includes the doping of metals such as Al,Fe and Cu,and the modification of noble metals such as Pd,Pt and Au,and introduces the bimetallic-modified materials possessing greater advantages than single metals in enhancing gas-sensitive performance.The results and problems of room-temperature detection of perovskite and metal oxide composite structural materials are also discussed.In addition,the potential applications of micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)gas sensing arrays and electronic nose smart sensing devices in disease diagnosis and environmental monitoring are presented through their limitations and development trends in areas such as smart homes.Finally,the main challenges and future prospects of metal oxide gas sensors are presented.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22479022)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC2007129)。
文摘Aqueous zinc metal batteries(ZMBs)which are environmentally benign and cheap can be used for grid-scale energy storage,but have a short cycling life mainly due to the poor reversibility of zinc metal anodes in mild aqueous electrolytes.A zincophilic carbon(ZC)layer was deposited on a Zn metal foil at 450°C by the up-stream pyrolysis of a hydrogen-bonded supramolecular substance framework,as-sembled from melamine(ME)and cyanuric acid(CA).The zincophilic groups(C=O and C=N)in the ZC layer guide uniform zinc plating/stripping and eliminate dendrites and side reactions.so that assembled symmetrical batteries(ZC@Zn//ZC@Zn)have a long-term service life of 2500 h at 1 mA cm^(−2) and 1 mAh cm^(−2),which is much longer than that of bare Zn anodes(180 h).In addition,ZC@Zn//V2O5 full batteries have a higher capacity of 174 mAh g^(−1) after 1200 cycles at 2 A g^(−1) than a Zn//V_(2)O_(5) counterpart(100 mAh g^(−1)).The strategy developed for the low-temperat-ure deposition of the ZC layer is a new way to construct advanced zinc metal anodes for ZMBs.
文摘A cobalt-based metal-organic framework[Co_(3)(L)_(2)(1,4-bib)_(4)]·4H_(2)O(Co-MOF)was prepared using 5-[(4-carboxyphenoxy)methyl]isophthalic acid(H_(3)L)and 1,4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene(1,4-bib)as ligands.Then,an electrochemical sensor modified with Co-MOF on a glassy carbon electrode(Co-MOF@GCE)was constructed for detecting Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+)in aqueous solutions.The sensor exhibited a linear range of 1.0-16.0µmol·L^(-1)with a detection limit(LOD)of 4.609 nmol·L^(-1)for Cd^(2+),and 0.5-10.0µmol·L^(-1)with an LOD of 1.307 nmol·L^(-1)for Pb^(2+).Simultaneous detection of both ions within 0.5-7.0µmol·L^(-1)achieved LOD values of 0.47 nmol·L^(-1)(Cd^(2+))and 0.008 nmol·L^(-1)(Pb^(2+)),respectively.Analysis of real water samples(tap water,mineral water,and river water)yielded recoveries of 95%-105%,validating practical applicability.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that synergistic interactions between cobalt centers and N/O atoms enhance adsorption and electron-transfer efficiency.CCDC:2160744.
文摘Ligand-stabilized metal nanoclusters with atomic precision have garnered significant attention for applications in catalysis,biomedicine,and nanoelectronics due to their tunable structures and unique physicochemical properties[1-3].While transition metals such as Au,Ag,Pt,and Pd dominate the core composition,surface ligands are predominantly limited to phosphines,thiols,alkynes,and carbenes.Among these,N-heterocyclic carbenes(NHCs)have emerged as a superior ligand class due to their dual capacity for strongσ-donation andπ-back bonding,which stabilizes diverse metal oxidation states and enhances metal-ligand interactions.Notably,NHC-protected clusters exhibit exceptional thermal stability attributed to CH-π/π-πinteractions and enlarged HOMO-LUMO gaps compared to thiol or phosphine analogues.Despite progress,synthetic limitations persist due to NHCs'sensitivity under harsh conditions.Current methods rely on direct reduction of metal-carbene precursors or ligand exchange reactions,with heterogeneous NHC-capped systems remaining unexplored.
文摘Exploration budgets for primary battery metals-nickel,lithium and cobalt-tempered in 2024 at$1.697 billion,reflecting a marginal 0.4%decline and a virtually flat annual total,compared to$1.704 billion in 2023.Below is an introduction to the 2024 global exploration trends and prospects for lithium,cobalt,and nickel battery metals.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52271167 and U21A2064)the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China(No.242300421188)+1 种基金ZUA Innovation Fund for Graduate Education,China(No.2024CX134)Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Material and Technology Open Foundation,China(No.ZHKF-240103).
文摘The development of stretchable conductors with high deformation,conductivity,and thermal conductivity using liquid metal(LM)has sparked widespread interest in the fields of flexible electronics,electromagnetic interference(EMI),and multifunctional materi-als.However,fabricating desirable shielding materials by directly coating LMs on soft polymer substrates remains a challenge because of the huge surface tension and weak wettability of LMs.In this study,Ga-based composite paste is prepared from a mixture of Ga and dia-mond nonmetallic particles through ultrasonic fragmentation.At various temperatures,the resulting LM composite putty(LMP)exhibits soft and hard properties and can thus be molded into specific shapes according to application needs.In addition,the composite can be eas-ily coated onto polymer substrates,such as thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)elastomer.The fabricated LMP–TPU exhibits an impress-ive shape deformation capacity of 1100%,demonstrating exceptional tensile properties and achieving electromagnetic interference–shielding effectiveness of up to 52 dB.Furthermore,it retains an ultrahigh conductivity of 20000 S/m,even under a strain of 600%.This feature further makes it a highly competitive multifunctional material.
基金provided by the Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office under contract No.DEEE0010501。
文摘Screen printing using metal particle pastes,the current photovoltaic industry metallization standard,provides fast and reliable metal grids for silicon solar cells.Recently,metal complex or reactive metal inks are attracting research interest due to their significantly low cost and higher performance compared to traditional nanoparticle silver pastes.In this work,we demonstrate,for the first time,screen-printed high-efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells metallized by silver metal complex inks on industrial G1-size(158.75×158.75 mm^(2))wafers.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22306026 and 52371346)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(No.2023QNRC001)+3 种基金the Ecological Society of China(No.STQT2023C07)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2242024K40007 and 2242024RCB0058)the Start-up Research Fund of Southeast University(No.RF1028623141)Tang Scholar Program of Southeast University
文摘Transition metals have garnered significant attention for their roles in addressing energy shortages and environmental water pollution.Their multivalent states and unique electron transfer properties facilitate charge transfer in the conversion reaction,expedite energy conversion,and achieve low-energy water treatment.This review comprehensively explores the fundamental mechanisms and practical applications of transition metals in water treatment,including adsorption,photocatalysis,electrocatalysis,photoelectrocatalysis,and other technologies.The feasibility of water treatment using transition metal-based materials is demonstrated through theoretical studies on typical transition metals employed in these water treatment technologies while emphasizing the potential for optimizing material performance through strategies like structural design,defect engineering,crystal engineering,composite materials,surface modification,and atomic catalysts.In addition,the utilization of transition metal-based materials in practical wastewater treatment is comprehensively reviewed.Finally,the challenges and perspectives of transition metal-based materials in practical wastewater treatment are outlined,providing a theoretical foundation and guidance for future research and engineering advancements.
