This paper thoroughly explores the multifaceted factors influencing the efficacy of Chinese medicinals and categorizes them into three main groups:medicinal related factors,patient related factors,and practitioner rel...This paper thoroughly explores the multifaceted factors influencing the efficacy of Chinese medicinals and categorizes them into three main groups:medicinal related factors,patient related factors,and practitioner related factors.Regarding medicinal related factors,the place of origin,growing environment,harvesting time,storage conditions,quality control,dosage form selection,compatibility of medicinals,precise dosing,decoction methods,and administration routes all significantly impact efficacy.The place of origin determines the authenticity of medicinals,the growing environment affects their composition,harvesting time influences potency,improper storage leads to deterioration,quality control forms the foundation of efficacy,dosage forms and compatibility of medicinals affect absorption,dosing and decoction methods require precision,and administration routes should be tailored to individuals.Patient related factors include psychological state,individual differences,background,and disease condition.Psychological state affects treatment compliance,individual differences determine medicine responses,background influences patients’understanding of Chinese medicinals,and disease condition directly reflects efficacy.Practitioner related factors encompass theoretical knowledge,clinical experience,inherited practices,psychological state,and professional ethics.Theoretical knowledge guides medication use,clinical experience enhances efficacy,inherited practices influence prescribing styles,psychological state affects doctor–patient communication,and professional ethics ensure medical quality.These interrelated factors collectively influence the efficacy of Chinese medicinals,emphasizing the need for comprehensive consideration in clinical applications to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.展开更多
Animal medicines,which boast a lengthy history as treasures of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),frequently encounter safety challenges stemming from the accumulation of heavy metals and harmful elements,such as arsen...Animal medicines,which boast a lengthy history as treasures of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),frequently encounter safety challenges stemming from the accumulation of heavy metals and harmful elements,such as arsenic(As)[1].The toxicity of As differs by species,especially inorganic arsenic(iAs),and current methods for assessing herbal risks based on total arsenic(tAs)content are insufficient[2].To address this,studies have focused on As contamination in TCMs,especially leeches.Widely used for anticoagulant and other pharmacological activities,leeches are susceptible to water contamination and high As levels due to immature farming technology[3].The aim of this study was to comprehensively analyze the distribution of tAs and toxic elements in leeches from multiple sources and batches.We used advanced analytical techniques(e.g.,liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LC-ICPMS))to accurately identify As forms.This study aims to investigate the biological effects at the exposure point through in vitro experiments(simulating physiological conditions)and assess the potential clinical risks associated with iAs.展开更多
Leg ulcers pose a significant burden on morbidity,healthcare costs,and quality of life,despite rarely resulting in limb loss.This underscores the necessity for safe and effective alternative treatments.Unani medicine ...Leg ulcers pose a significant burden on morbidity,healthcare costs,and quality of life,despite rarely resulting in limb loss.This underscores the necessity for safe and effective alternative treatments.Unani medicine offers various therapeutic options for managing ulcers.This case report details the successful treatment of a non-healing venous ulcer using Unani regimens in a 40-year-old male with a history of diabetes mellitus and paralytic polio.The patient sought care at the Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine,Silchar,Assam,India,for a chronic ulcer in the gaiter region of his right leg,which was associated with mild pain,itching,and hyperpigmentation but notably lacked any signs of varicose veins.Over the years,the patient had undergone various treatments,including topical care and antibiotics;however,frustration with persistent non-healing led him to explore alternative interventions.The Unani treatment included medicinal leech therapy,followed by the application of a grated unripe papaya bandage for 14 days.By the end of this period,the ulcer had completely healed,allowing the discontinuation of the dressing.By the 21st day,symptom resolution was observed,with complete relief from pain and itching and normalization of hyperpigmentation in the surrounding area.This case highlights the potential of Unani therapeutic approaches in effectively managing non-healing venous ulcers.展开更多
Traditional medicinal animals and their derivatives hold a significant place within the traditional Chinese medicine framework.However,substantial knowledge about medicinal animals is being lost–particularly within C...Traditional medicinal animals and their derivatives hold a significant place within the traditional Chinese medicine framework.However,substantial knowledge about medicinal animals is being lost–particularly within China’s folk practices and ethnic minority groups–remains unrecorded and unverified scientifically.Such knowledge,primarily preserved through oral instruction,is now at risk of disappearing due to its fragmented and regionalized nature.This paper underscores the importance of documenting and scientifically validating these medicinal animals as valuable resources.We advocate for a comprehensive,systematic approach to recording,screening,and verifying the pharmacological mechanisms of medicinal animals.It can contribute to the modernization and globalization of traditional Chinese medicine.In the future,interdisciplinary and international collaborations are essential to advance the systematic documentation and scientific management of medicinal animal knowledge,to ensure its preservation and application in global healthcare,sustainable health practices,and biodiversity conservation efforts.展开更多
Background:Vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern,and exploring natural sources,particularly traditional medicinal plants,may offer a novel approach to addressing this widespread issue.This study investigates...Background:Vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern,and exploring natural sources,particularly traditional medicinal plants,may offer a novel approach to addressing this widespread issue.This study investigates the prevalence of vitamin D_(2) and D_(3) in indigenous medicinal plants,such as Solanum torvum,Solanum nigrum,Solanum xanthocarpum,Psoralea cordifolia,Cissus quadrangularis,and the resin Commiphora mukul,and Laccifer lacca.Methods:Vitamin D_(2) and D_(3) compounds were detected and quantified using advanced reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.A refined technique for sample preparation was employed,which involved an overnight cold saponification process.This method was used to enhance the extraction of vitamin D molecules.The accuracy and reliability of the HPLC method were validated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)/MS analysis.Results:The investigation revealed the remarkable presence of vitamin D_(2) and D_(3) in the chosen plant specimens.Significant amounts of vitamin D_(2) were found in Laccifer lacca and Psoralea cordifolia,however,vitamin D_(3) was only detected in Cissus quadrangularis and Solanum xanthocarpum.The revised approaches exhibited significant precision and accuracy,hence enhancing the reliability of the findings.Conclusion:The identification of vitamin D_(2) and D_(3) in these plants underscores their historical therapeutic significance for supporting bone health and indicates their potential as beneficial natural sources of vitamin D.This research advances understanding of the phytochemical features of these plants,facilitating future development of nutraceuticals and therapeutic applications.展开更多
To ensure the safety and efficacy of Chinese herbs,it is of great significance to conduct rapid quality detection of Chinese herbs at every link of their supply chain.Spectroscopic technology can reflect the overall c...To ensure the safety and efficacy of Chinese herbs,it is of great significance to conduct rapid quality detection of Chinese herbs at every link of their supply chain.Spectroscopic technology can reflect the overall chemical composition and structural characteristics of Chinese herbs,with the multi-component and multitarget characteristics of Chinese herbs.This review took the genus Paris as an example,and applications of spectroscopic technology with machine learning(ML)in supply chain of the genus Paris from seeds to medicinal materials were introduced.The specific contents included the confirmation of germplasm resources,identification of growth years,cultivar,geographical origin,and original processing and processing methods.The potential application of spectroscopic technology in genus Paris was pointed out,and the prospects of combining spectroscopic technology with blockchain were proposed.The summary and prospects presented in this paper will be beneficial to the quality control of the genus Paris in all links of its supply chain,so as to rationally use the genus Paris resources and ensure the safety and efficacy of medication.展开更多
Use of synthetic pesticides to manage crop pests has had a toll on human health, environmental safety and farmer’s income creating a need for alternative crop protection strategies. Botanical pesticides have been rep...Use of synthetic pesticides to manage crop pests has had a toll on human health, environmental safety and farmer’s income creating a need for alternative crop protection strategies. Botanical pesticides have been reported to be effective in managing crop pests, and a number of them have been formulated and commercialized. This study was conducted in North-Eastern Tanzania to establish the pesticidal and medicinal value of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale). Purposive sampling was adopted to select and interview 167 respondents drawn from farmers, traders, pharmaceutical shops, agro-shop operators and consumers of turmeric and ginger. Ginger and turmeric rhizomes were also collected for extraction, antifungal assay and biochemical analysis. Results showed that majority of the respondents were aware of the medicinal value of ginger and turmeric, with 59.5% having used the plants to treat respiratory related infections and healing skin surface and internal wounds. About 14% of farmers were aware of and had used aqueous botanical preparations from neem, moringa and Tephrosia to manage insect pests. Only 2.7% of farmers had used ginger powder as a protective insecticide on stored grains. Ginger and turmeric rhizome extracts showed high antifungal activity against Pythium (83% - 95%), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (34% - 52%) and Alternaria solani (38% - 53%). A GC-MS analysis of ginger and turmeric extracts showed presence of α-zingiberene, β-sesquiphellandrene, α-farnesene, ar-curcumene, α-copaene, ar-tumerone and curlone. This study recommends that ginger and turmeric extracts be considered for development of a botanical pesticide and especially for management of damping off diseases.展开更多
[Objectives]To study the differences in antibacterial activity of eight medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicines Produced in Zhaoqing.[Methods]This study selected eight common medicinal and edible traditiona...[Objectives]To study the differences in antibacterial activity of eight medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicines Produced in Zhaoqing.[Methods]This study selected eight common medicinal and edible traditional Chinese herbs from Zhaoqing region(Centipeda minima,Lonicera japonica,Vitex negundo,Plantago asiatica,Houttuynia cordata,Hedyotis diffusa,Hylocereus undatus,and Bombax ceiba)to compare their antibacterial activity differences through in vitro antibacterial experiments,and explored the effects of extraction methods and different solvents.For H.undatus and B.ceiba,the antibacterial effects of decoction and ultrasound-assisted extraction on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were compared.For H.diffusa and H.cordata,three different solvents(n-butanol,ethyl acetate,and dichloromethane)were used for extraction to analyze the influence of polarity on antibacterial activity(inhibition zone).The remaining four herbs were directly compared for the inhibitory differences of their crude extracts against Gram-positive bacteria.[Results](i)The ultrasound-assisted extracts of H.undatus and B.ceiba exhibited significantly superior antibacterial effects compared to traditional decoction.(ii)The n-butanol extract of H.diffusa showed 7.5%and 4.5%higher inhibition rate against S.aureus than the ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extracts,respectively.The ethyl acetate extract exhibited weak inhibitory effects on E.coli,while extracts from other solvents showed no inhibition.The ethyl acetate extract of H.cordata demonstrated good inhibitory effects against both bacterial strains and outperformed the extracts of H.diffusa.(iii)The crude extracts of C.minima,L.japonica,V.negundo,and P.asiatica all exhibited good inhibitory effects against S.aureus,with C.minima showing the strongest antibacterial activity.Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between antibacterial effects and extract concentration.[Conclusions]This study provides optimization strategies for the differential extraction and antimicrobial applications of medicinal and edible herbs.展开更多
[Objectives]To analyze the differences in medicinal component contents of Magnolia officinalis across different altitude gradients and explore their causes.[Methods]In this experiment,M.officinalis trees aged 15-20 ye...[Objectives]To analyze the differences in medicinal component contents of Magnolia officinalis across different altitude gradients and explore their causes.[Methods]In this experiment,M.officinalis trees aged 15-20 years growing at four altitudes(1301,1444,1573,and 1643 m)were selected as experimental materials.Leaf traits,soil physicochemical properties,and medicinal component contents were investigated,and the relationships among leaf traits,soil physicochemical properties,and medicinal components were analyzed.[Results]With increasing altitude,the specific leaf area(SLA)of M.officinalis significantly increased,while stomatal density,vein density,leaf thickness,and mesophyll tissue thickness decreased.Soil total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),total potassium(TK),available nitrogen(AN),and organic matter contents(OM)decreased significantly with altitude,whereas available potassium(AK)showed the opposite trend.The contents of medicinal components magnolol and honokiol in M.officinalis also significantly decreased with altitude.Correlation analysis revealed that,in addition to altitude,soil physicochemical properties(pH,TP,OM)and leaf traits(leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,SLA)were significantly correlated with magnolol and honokiol contents.[Conclusions]M.officinalis at lower altitudes exhibited better growth and higher magnolol and honokiol contents,which may be attributed to higher soil nutrient availability in low-altitude regions.This study provides guidance for selecting cultivation sites and optimizing planting patterns for M.officinalis.展开更多
In comparison with conventional experimental teaching methods,the implementation of the Motic digital microscope mutual system in the experimental teaching of medicinal botany has been demonstrated to be a highly effi...In comparison with conventional experimental teaching methods,the implementation of the Motic digital microscope mutual system in the experimental teaching of medicinal botany has been demonstrated to be a highly efficacious approach to enhance the teaching level of experimental courses in medicinal botany.The implementation of a digital microscope mutual system in experimental teaching not only enhances students practical skills in laboratory operations but also increases classroom efficiency.Furthermore,it supports personalized development among students while fostering innovative thinking,independent learning capabilities,and analysis and problem-solving skills.Additionally,this approach contributes to the enhancement of students scientific literacy.展开更多
Typhoid fever remains a major global health challenge,particularly in regions with limited access to clean water and sanitation.The emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of Salmonella...Typhoid fever remains a major global health challenge,particularly in regions with limited access to clean water and sanitation.The emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi highlights the urgent need for alternative treatment strategies.Medicinal plants represent a promising avenue for addressing this crisis,as their bioactive compounds exhibit potent antibacterial properties.According to the World Health Organization,over 20,000 medicinal plant species have been identified as valuable resources for drug discovery,with more than 1,340 demonstrating antimicrobial activity and over 30,000 antimicrobial compounds isolated.Through an extensive review,key phytochemicals with anti-typhoid properties were identified,along with their mechanisms of action and supporting evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies.This review compiles data on plants with demonstrated anti-typhoid activity,highlights challenges such as standardization,regulatory frameworks,and integration into modern healthcare,and explores the role of omics technologies in advancing the discovery of novel plant-based antimicrobial agents.By discussing potential medicinal plant targets and intervention strategies,this work lays the groundwork for future research into plant-derived anti-infective therapies and contributes to the global effort to combat the growing threat of typhoid fever,particularly in resource-limited settings.展开更多
Medicinal plant diversity(MPD)is an indispensable part of global plant diversity,serving as the foundation for human survival by offering remedies and preventive measures against diseases.However,factors such as overe...Medicinal plant diversity(MPD)is an indispensable part of global plant diversity,serving as the foundation for human survival by offering remedies and preventive measures against diseases.However,factors such as overexploitation,competition from invasive alien species,and climate change,threaten the habitats of medicinal plants,necessitating a comprehensive understanding of their spatial distribution and suitable habitats.We leveraged a decade of field survey data on medicinal plant distribution in the Yinshan Mountains,combined with spatial analysis,species distribution modeling,and the Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach(CASA)to explore the MPD spatial distribution and suitable habitats.Spatial analysis revealed that the central and eastern parts of Yinshan Mountains were the primary MPD hotspots,with no cold spots evident at various spatial scales.As the spatial scale decreased,previous non-significant regions transformed into hotspots,with instances where large-scale hotspots became insignificant.These findings offer valuable guidance for safeguarding and nurturing MPD across diverse spatial scales.In future climate change scenarios within the shared socioeconomic pathways(SSP),the habitat suitability for MPD in the Yinshan Mountains predominantly remains concentrated in the central and eastern regions.Notably,areas with high net primary productivity(NPP)values and abundant vegetation coverage align closely with MPD habitat suitability areas,potentially contributing to the region's rich MPD.展开更多
Studying the interactions and relationships between humans and animals is known as ethnozoology.Indigenous medicine that is used to prevent,diagnose,and cure physical and mental disorders is known as traditional medic...Studying the interactions and relationships between humans and animals is known as ethnozoology.Indigenous medicine that is used to prevent,diagnose,and cure physical and mental disorders is known as traditional medicine.The understanding of how various animal materials are used in conventional medicine by different ethnic communities is undocumented and largely passed through oral communication from generation to generation.Traditional medicine is the primary source of healthcare for many ethnic tribes in Ethiopia.Approximately 80%of Ethiopians rely on traditional medicine to cure a variety of human conditions.However,because they are passed down orally from generation to generation,this indigenous medical practice is being disregarded and is still disappearing as a result of inadequate documentation.Ethiopia is a land of diversity,with a wide variety of fauna and ethnic groups,each of whom uses and manipulates medicinal animals in a unique way to treat a range of human illnesses.The main participants in the curative component of traditional medicine practice are traditional healers,who go by various names in different regions of the nation.In Ethiopia,though indigenous societies medicinally used animal species for millennia,they have given little attention to their conservation.Therefore,documentation of traditional medicinal animals and indigenous healing practices of Ethiopian cultures are very important to preserve the country’s resources.展开更多
[Objective]To screen sensitive drugs and their combinations against biofilm formation of Escherichia coli isolated from Tibetan pigs and Tibetan chickens.[Method]Semi-quantitative modified crystal violet staining and ...[Objective]To screen sensitive drugs and their combinations against biofilm formation of Escherichia coli isolated from Tibetan pigs and Tibetan chickens.[Method]Semi-quantitative modified crystal violet staining and the micro broth dilution method were employed to assess the biofilm-forming capacities of 152 E.coli,and their susceptibility to 12 commonly used antibiotics.Meanwhile,the checkerboard testing method was employed to evaluate the combined antibacterial activity of the sequential solvent fractions(methanol,dichloromethane,ethyl acetate,and petroleum ether)from four Tibetan veterinary medicinal plants(Spenceria ramalana Trimen,Thalictrum delawayi Franch.,Gentiana sino-ornata Balf.f.,Lonicera rupicola Hook.f.&Thomson),the ethyl acetate extract of two Enterococcus faecium and antibiotics with high resistance rates[chloramphenicol(CHL),oxytetracycline(OTC),ampicillin(AMP),and sulfamethoxazole(SMZ)]against ten selected multi-drug resistant E.coli(designated E1-E10).Lastly,the biofilm eradication of drug combinations on biofilms of E.coli E6 was examined.[Result]Most of the 152 E.coli exhibited moderate and no biofilm-forming capacities.The resistance rates to CHL,sulfamethazine(SM2),OTC,AMP,and SMZ exceeded 90%.In contrast,the resistance rates to difloxacin(DIF),ciprofloxacin(CIP),amikacin(AMK),ceftiofur(EFT),tobramycin(TOB),and ceftriaxone(CTR)were below 50%.Notably,the strains demonstrated a higher susceptibility to amikacin,with a drug resistance rate of only 19.90%.The MIC values for the E.coli E1-E10 were observed to range from 3.93 to 15.63 mg/mL for the methanol extract of S.ramalana,3.93 to 31.52 mg/mL for the ethyl acetate extract of T.delavayi,7.81 to 15.63 mg/mL for the methanol extract of G.sino-ornata,and 7.81 to 31.52 mg/mL for the ethyl acetate extract of L.rupicola.The ethyl acetate extracts from E.aecium S16 and S17 exhibited MIC values ranging from 0.42 to 13.38 mg/mL and from 0.45 to 3.63 mg/mL,respectively.The combinations of sequential solvent fractions derived from four Tibetan veterinary medicinal plants,the ethyl acetate extract of E.faecium,and antibiotics exhibiting high resistance rates demonstrated varying effects.At the MIC,all drug combinations showed a significant biofilm eradication effect compared to their single applications.The ethyl acetate extracts of L.rupicola and T.delavayi,combined with OTC and AMP,demonstrated a stronger inhibitory effect on E.coli E6 biofilm compared to other combinations.Specifically,the ethyl acetate extracts of L.rupicola and T.delavayi inhibited E.coli E6 biofilm by 48.92%and 42.58%in the presence of OTC,and by 48.58%and 47.84%in the presence of AMP,respectively.[Conclusion]The combined application of four selected Tibetan medicinal plants,probiotics,and antibacterial agents may offer a potential solution to address drug resistance and biofilm formation in E.coli isolated from Tibetan pigs and Tibetan chickens.展开更多
Lipids are essential for normal life activities and biological functions of the human body,and disorders of lipid metabolism produce a lipotoxic environment,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,inflammation,and cell death,...Lipids are essential for normal life activities and biological functions of the human body,and disorders of lipid metabolism produce a lipotoxic environment,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,inflammation,and cell death,which can lead to a variety of diseases in the body.It has been found that lipid metabolism disorders are closely associated with brain injury disease,cancer,metabolic disease,cardiovascular disease(CVD),respiratory disease and infectious disease.In recent years,many medicinal and edible plants such as Pueraria lobata,Gardenia jasminoides,Curcuma longa,citrus fruits,peanuts,etc.have shown great potential in regulating lipid metabolism and some of the hidden active components showed innovative mechanisms.AMPK,PPARy,SIRT1,Foxp3,NLRP3,and Keapl are increasingly recognized as therapeutic targets in the field of regulating lipid metabolism.This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of natural lipid-regulating modulators in medicinal and edible plants and their mechanism of actions,which offer valuable references for the discovery of natural lipid metabolism modulators and a therapeutic strategy for treatment of lipid metabolism-related diseases.展开更多
The study aimed to discuss baiting effects of 17 kinds of Chinese medicinal plants on Brachydanio rerio.With 100 fish of Brachydanio rerio as tested objects,the average length of the 100 fish was 3.5 cm.Cinnamomum cas...The study aimed to discuss baiting effects of 17 kinds of Chinese medicinal plants on Brachydanio rerio.With 100 fish of Brachydanio rerio as tested objects,the average length of the 100 fish was 3.5 cm.Cinnamomum cassia,Mentha canadensis,Eugenia aromaticum,Coptis chinensis,Phellodendron amurense,Scutellaria baicalensis,star anise,Kaempferia galanga,Prunus mume,Magnolia sinensis,Terminalia chebula meat,Sophora flavescens,Polygonum cuspidatum,Rhizoma polygonatum,Astragalus membranaceus,Forsythia suspense and...展开更多
At present, the excessive application of traditional chemical pesticides, serious pesticide residue pollution and destruction of the ecological balance in China have become important factors affecting the quality and ...At present, the excessive application of traditional chemical pesticides, serious pesticide residue pollution and destruction of the ecological balance in China have become important factors affecting the quality and safety of medicinal material. Biological pesticides are rapidly developed due to their characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity and residue. This study aimed to introduce the specific property of biological pesticides, review the classification of biological pesticides and their application in medicinal plants, analyze the problems in the production and utilization process of biological pesticides, and forecast the developmental prospect.展开更多
Objective:Microneedles(MNs),as a key component of third-generation transdermal drug delivery sys-tems,show strong potential for obesity treatment.This study aimed to integrate traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)therapie...Objective:Microneedles(MNs),as a key component of third-generation transdermal drug delivery sys-tems,show strong potential for obesity treatment.This study aimed to integrate traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)therapies,including Chinese patent medicine(CPM)injections and patches,with MN technology to identify commonly used administration sites and Chinese medicinal material(CMM)con-stituents suitable for MN-based weight loss interventions.Methods:Literature was retrieved from PubMed,Web of Science,Google Scholar,CNKI,and Google Patents.First,existing studies on MN-based weight loss were narratively reviewed.Then,studies on CPM injections or patches were analyzed to extract intervention elements,including administration sites,CMM constituents,and symptoms.Acupoint-symptom and CMM constituent-symptom pairs were compiled,and key nodes were identified through complex network analysis using eigenvector centrality,PageRank,and betweenness centrality.Results:Forty-four studies and thirteen patents were included.The review indicated that MN-based in-terventions demonstrated significant weight loss effects;however,current research remains limited by a focus on fat-deposition sites and insufficient development of CMM carriers.Network analysis identi-fied Guanyuan(CV4)and Poria cocos(Fuling)as central nodes across all metrics,suggesting their strong potential as key elements in MN-based therapies.Conclusion:CV4 and Poria cocos represent promising candidates for delivery sites and CMM constituents in MN-mediated obesity treatment.By integrating TCM principles with modern MN technology,these findings provide a theoretical basis for developing more targeted,efficient,and integrative anti-obesity interventions.展开更多
Authentication is a key component of quality control,and the quality of Chinese medicinal materials directly impacts clinical efficacy.Chinese medicinal quality control is an important concern of the wider community,a...Authentication is a key component of quality control,and the quality of Chinese medicinal materials directly impacts clinical efficacy.Chinese medicinal quality control is an important concern of the wider community,and it is intricately connected to the future and development of Chinese medicine.Macroscopic identification has been used for thousands of years in Chinese medicine,and it continues to be effective for resolving important issues related to quality control in the modern-day.However,new challenges have emerged for macroscopic identification.For example,new botanical varieties have emerged,with differences in macroscopic features related to cultivated vs.wild materials.Changes in processing methods and cultivation techniques also affect these features.Consequently,continual progress and innovation in Chinese medicinal authentication methods are needed.Macroscopic identification is based on organoleptic assessment,microscopy,and research of ancient texts,such as the Bencao.In addition to collecting information from traditional experience-based differentiation,innovation can take advantage of new technologies that can provide even more detailed,precise information about morphology.In the present review,we summarized inheritance and innovation in the scientific exposition of Chinese medicinal authentication,featuring a review of specialized publications,description of the establishment of a Chinese medicine specimen center and Chinese Medicine digital project,the expansion of authentication technologies,and the formation of a cultural project dedicated to the Compendium of Materia Medica.展开更多
[ Objective ] The paper was to study the effect of controlled atmosphere stress of carbon dioxide （ CO2 ） on Superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of in- sect, so as to analyze the biological mechanism of the action...[ Objective ] The paper was to study the effect of controlled atmosphere stress of carbon dioxide （ CO2 ） on Superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of in- sect, so as to analyze the biological mechanism of the action of controlled atmosphere stress on insect. [ Method] Using nitrotetrazolium blue chloride （NBT） light reduction method, SOD activity of drugstore beetle （ Stegobium panlceum ）, cigarette beetle （ Lasioderma serricorne） and coffee bean beetle （Araecerus fasciculatus） was studied, and the stress response of the enzyme under controlled atmosphere stress of CO2 was analyzed. [ Result ] SOD activity of drugstore beetle, cigarette beetle and coffee bean beetle exposed to controlled atmosphere stress of high concentrations of CO2 for 3 and 6 h had certain degree of increase, and the activity sig- nificantly increased from 2.011±0.954,2.664±0.218 and 1.458±0.718 to 3. 135±0. 105,3.050±0.673 and 2.975±0.229 U/（per pest · 30 min） after treat- ment for 6 h. [ Conclusion] Controlled atmosphere stress of high concentrations of CO2 had certain activation effect on SOD activity of storage pest in Chinese me- dicinal material within the context of sub-lethal events. The results could enrich the insecticidal mechanism of controlled atmosphere and theoretical system of analy- sis on insect resistance to controlled atmosphere.展开更多
文摘This paper thoroughly explores the multifaceted factors influencing the efficacy of Chinese medicinals and categorizes them into three main groups:medicinal related factors,patient related factors,and practitioner related factors.Regarding medicinal related factors,the place of origin,growing environment,harvesting time,storage conditions,quality control,dosage form selection,compatibility of medicinals,precise dosing,decoction methods,and administration routes all significantly impact efficacy.The place of origin determines the authenticity of medicinals,the growing environment affects their composition,harvesting time influences potency,improper storage leads to deterioration,quality control forms the foundation of efficacy,dosage forms and compatibility of medicinals affect absorption,dosing and decoction methods require precision,and administration routes should be tailored to individuals.Patient related factors include psychological state,individual differences,background,and disease condition.Psychological state affects treatment compliance,individual differences determine medicine responses,background influences patients’understanding of Chinese medicinals,and disease condition directly reflects efficacy.Practitioner related factors encompass theoretical knowledge,clinical experience,inherited practices,psychological state,and professional ethics.Theoretical knowledge guides medication use,clinical experience enhances efficacy,inherited practices influence prescribing styles,psychological state affects doctor–patient communication,and professional ethics ensure medical quality.These interrelated factors collectively influence the efficacy of Chinese medicinals,emphasizing the need for comprehensive consideration in clinical applications to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82404856)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.:2023YFC3504100)the Key projects for Building a Scientific System for Drug Regulation,China(Project No.:RS2024Z006).
文摘Animal medicines,which boast a lengthy history as treasures of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),frequently encounter safety challenges stemming from the accumulation of heavy metals and harmful elements,such as arsenic(As)[1].The toxicity of As differs by species,especially inorganic arsenic(iAs),and current methods for assessing herbal risks based on total arsenic(tAs)content are insufficient[2].To address this,studies have focused on As contamination in TCMs,especially leeches.Widely used for anticoagulant and other pharmacological activities,leeches are susceptible to water contamination and high As levels due to immature farming technology[3].The aim of this study was to comprehensively analyze the distribution of tAs and toxic elements in leeches from multiple sources and batches.We used advanced analytical techniques(e.g.,liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LC-ICPMS))to accurately identify As forms.This study aims to investigate the biological effects at the exposure point through in vitro experiments(simulating physiological conditions)and assess the potential clinical risks associated with iAs.
文摘Leg ulcers pose a significant burden on morbidity,healthcare costs,and quality of life,despite rarely resulting in limb loss.This underscores the necessity for safe and effective alternative treatments.Unani medicine offers various therapeutic options for managing ulcers.This case report details the successful treatment of a non-healing venous ulcer using Unani regimens in a 40-year-old male with a history of diabetes mellitus and paralytic polio.The patient sought care at the Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine,Silchar,Assam,India,for a chronic ulcer in the gaiter region of his right leg,which was associated with mild pain,itching,and hyperpigmentation but notably lacked any signs of varicose veins.Over the years,the patient had undergone various treatments,including topical care and antibiotics;however,frustration with persistent non-healing led him to explore alternative interventions.The Unani treatment included medicinal leech therapy,followed by the application of a grated unripe papaya bandage for 14 days.By the end of this period,the ulcer had completely healed,allowing the discontinuation of the dressing.By the 21st day,symptom resolution was observed,with complete relief from pain and itching and normalization of hyperpigmentation in the surrounding area.This case highlights the potential of Unani therapeutic approaches in effectively managing non-healing venous ulcers.
基金supported by the Project of Innovation team of General Institutes of Higher Education in Guangdong Province(2024KCXTD078)the Project of Integration of resource monitoring,epidemic diseases monitoring and rescue capability of wildlife in 2023(ZT202304111)the Special Project of the Lushan Botanical Garden(No.2024ZWZX06).
文摘Traditional medicinal animals and their derivatives hold a significant place within the traditional Chinese medicine framework.However,substantial knowledge about medicinal animals is being lost–particularly within China’s folk practices and ethnic minority groups–remains unrecorded and unverified scientifically.Such knowledge,primarily preserved through oral instruction,is now at risk of disappearing due to its fragmented and regionalized nature.This paper underscores the importance of documenting and scientifically validating these medicinal animals as valuable resources.We advocate for a comprehensive,systematic approach to recording,screening,and verifying the pharmacological mechanisms of medicinal animals.It can contribute to the modernization and globalization of traditional Chinese medicine.In the future,interdisciplinary and international collaborations are essential to advance the systematic documentation and scientific management of medicinal animal knowledge,to ensure its preservation and application in global healthcare,sustainable health practices,and biodiversity conservation efforts.
文摘Background:Vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern,and exploring natural sources,particularly traditional medicinal plants,may offer a novel approach to addressing this widespread issue.This study investigates the prevalence of vitamin D_(2) and D_(3) in indigenous medicinal plants,such as Solanum torvum,Solanum nigrum,Solanum xanthocarpum,Psoralea cordifolia,Cissus quadrangularis,and the resin Commiphora mukul,and Laccifer lacca.Methods:Vitamin D_(2) and D_(3) compounds were detected and quantified using advanced reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.A refined technique for sample preparation was employed,which involved an overnight cold saponification process.This method was used to enhance the extraction of vitamin D molecules.The accuracy and reliability of the HPLC method were validated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)/MS analysis.Results:The investigation revealed the remarkable presence of vitamin D_(2) and D_(3) in the chosen plant specimens.Significant amounts of vitamin D_(2) were found in Laccifer lacca and Psoralea cordifolia,however,vitamin D_(3) was only detected in Cissus quadrangularis and Solanum xanthocarpum.The revised approaches exhibited significant precision and accuracy,hence enhancing the reliability of the findings.Conclusion:The identification of vitamin D_(2) and D_(3) in these plants underscores their historical therapeutic significance for supporting bone health and indicates their potential as beneficial natural sources of vitamin D.This research advances understanding of the phytochemical features of these plants,facilitating future development of nutraceuticals and therapeutic applications.
基金funded by the Special Program for the Major Science and Technology Projects of Yunnan Province,China(Grant No.:202202AE090001).
文摘To ensure the safety and efficacy of Chinese herbs,it is of great significance to conduct rapid quality detection of Chinese herbs at every link of their supply chain.Spectroscopic technology can reflect the overall chemical composition and structural characteristics of Chinese herbs,with the multi-component and multitarget characteristics of Chinese herbs.This review took the genus Paris as an example,and applications of spectroscopic technology with machine learning(ML)in supply chain of the genus Paris from seeds to medicinal materials were introduced.The specific contents included the confirmation of germplasm resources,identification of growth years,cultivar,geographical origin,and original processing and processing methods.The potential application of spectroscopic technology in genus Paris was pointed out,and the prospects of combining spectroscopic technology with blockchain were proposed.The summary and prospects presented in this paper will be beneficial to the quality control of the genus Paris in all links of its supply chain,so as to rationally use the genus Paris resources and ensure the safety and efficacy of medication.
文摘Use of synthetic pesticides to manage crop pests has had a toll on human health, environmental safety and farmer’s income creating a need for alternative crop protection strategies. Botanical pesticides have been reported to be effective in managing crop pests, and a number of them have been formulated and commercialized. This study was conducted in North-Eastern Tanzania to establish the pesticidal and medicinal value of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale). Purposive sampling was adopted to select and interview 167 respondents drawn from farmers, traders, pharmaceutical shops, agro-shop operators and consumers of turmeric and ginger. Ginger and turmeric rhizomes were also collected for extraction, antifungal assay and biochemical analysis. Results showed that majority of the respondents were aware of the medicinal value of ginger and turmeric, with 59.5% having used the plants to treat respiratory related infections and healing skin surface and internal wounds. About 14% of farmers were aware of and had used aqueous botanical preparations from neem, moringa and Tephrosia to manage insect pests. Only 2.7% of farmers had used ginger powder as a protective insecticide on stored grains. Ginger and turmeric rhizome extracts showed high antifungal activity against Pythium (83% - 95%), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (34% - 52%) and Alternaria solani (38% - 53%). A GC-MS analysis of ginger and turmeric extracts showed presence of α-zingiberene, β-sesquiphellandrene, α-farnesene, ar-curcumene, α-copaene, ar-tumerone and curlone. This study recommends that ginger and turmeric extracts be considered for development of a botanical pesticide and especially for management of damping off diseases.
基金Supported by Zhaoqing University Doctoral Research Initiation Fund(700203)College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(X202410580151).
文摘[Objectives]To study the differences in antibacterial activity of eight medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicines Produced in Zhaoqing.[Methods]This study selected eight common medicinal and edible traditional Chinese herbs from Zhaoqing region(Centipeda minima,Lonicera japonica,Vitex negundo,Plantago asiatica,Houttuynia cordata,Hedyotis diffusa,Hylocereus undatus,and Bombax ceiba)to compare their antibacterial activity differences through in vitro antibacterial experiments,and explored the effects of extraction methods and different solvents.For H.undatus and B.ceiba,the antibacterial effects of decoction and ultrasound-assisted extraction on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were compared.For H.diffusa and H.cordata,three different solvents(n-butanol,ethyl acetate,and dichloromethane)were used for extraction to analyze the influence of polarity on antibacterial activity(inhibition zone).The remaining four herbs were directly compared for the inhibitory differences of their crude extracts against Gram-positive bacteria.[Results](i)The ultrasound-assisted extracts of H.undatus and B.ceiba exhibited significantly superior antibacterial effects compared to traditional decoction.(ii)The n-butanol extract of H.diffusa showed 7.5%and 4.5%higher inhibition rate against S.aureus than the ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extracts,respectively.The ethyl acetate extract exhibited weak inhibitory effects on E.coli,while extracts from other solvents showed no inhibition.The ethyl acetate extract of H.cordata demonstrated good inhibitory effects against both bacterial strains and outperformed the extracts of H.diffusa.(iii)The crude extracts of C.minima,L.japonica,V.negundo,and P.asiatica all exhibited good inhibitory effects against S.aureus,with C.minima showing the strongest antibacterial activity.Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between antibacterial effects and extract concentration.[Conclusions]This study provides optimization strategies for the differential extraction and antimicrobial applications of medicinal and edible herbs.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China in 2018(2018YFC1708005)the Southwest Minzu University Research Startup Funds(RQD2023020).
文摘[Objectives]To analyze the differences in medicinal component contents of Magnolia officinalis across different altitude gradients and explore their causes.[Methods]In this experiment,M.officinalis trees aged 15-20 years growing at four altitudes(1301,1444,1573,and 1643 m)were selected as experimental materials.Leaf traits,soil physicochemical properties,and medicinal component contents were investigated,and the relationships among leaf traits,soil physicochemical properties,and medicinal components were analyzed.[Results]With increasing altitude,the specific leaf area(SLA)of M.officinalis significantly increased,while stomatal density,vein density,leaf thickness,and mesophyll tissue thickness decreased.Soil total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),total potassium(TK),available nitrogen(AN),and organic matter contents(OM)decreased significantly with altitude,whereas available potassium(AK)showed the opposite trend.The contents of medicinal components magnolol and honokiol in M.officinalis also significantly decreased with altitude.Correlation analysis revealed that,in addition to altitude,soil physicochemical properties(pH,TP,OM)and leaf traits(leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,SLA)were significantly correlated with magnolol and honokiol contents.[Conclusions]M.officinalis at lower altitudes exhibited better growth and higher magnolol and honokiol contents,which may be attributed to higher soil nutrient availability in low-altitude regions.This study provides guidance for selecting cultivation sites and optimizing planting patterns for M.officinalis.
基金Supported by Major Project of School-level Teaching Reform and Research of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(2022A006)。
文摘In comparison with conventional experimental teaching methods,the implementation of the Motic digital microscope mutual system in the experimental teaching of medicinal botany has been demonstrated to be a highly efficacious approach to enhance the teaching level of experimental courses in medicinal botany.The implementation of a digital microscope mutual system in experimental teaching not only enhances students practical skills in laboratory operations but also increases classroom efficiency.Furthermore,it supports personalized development among students while fostering innovative thinking,independent learning capabilities,and analysis and problem-solving skills.Additionally,this approach contributes to the enhancement of students scientific literacy.
文摘Typhoid fever remains a major global health challenge,particularly in regions with limited access to clean water and sanitation.The emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi highlights the urgent need for alternative treatment strategies.Medicinal plants represent a promising avenue for addressing this crisis,as their bioactive compounds exhibit potent antibacterial properties.According to the World Health Organization,over 20,000 medicinal plant species have been identified as valuable resources for drug discovery,with more than 1,340 demonstrating antimicrobial activity and over 30,000 antimicrobial compounds isolated.Through an extensive review,key phytochemicals with anti-typhoid properties were identified,along with their mechanisms of action and supporting evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies.This review compiles data on plants with demonstrated anti-typhoid activity,highlights challenges such as standardization,regulatory frameworks,and integration into modern healthcare,and explores the role of omics technologies in advancing the discovery of novel plant-based antimicrobial agents.By discussing potential medicinal plant targets and intervention strategies,this work lays the groundwork for future research into plant-derived anti-infective therapies and contributes to the global effort to combat the growing threat of typhoid fever,particularly in resource-limited settings.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2021YFE0190100Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Mongolian Medicine Standardization Project,No.2023-[MB023]The Earmarked Fund for CARS,No.CARS-21。
文摘Medicinal plant diversity(MPD)is an indispensable part of global plant diversity,serving as the foundation for human survival by offering remedies and preventive measures against diseases.However,factors such as overexploitation,competition from invasive alien species,and climate change,threaten the habitats of medicinal plants,necessitating a comprehensive understanding of their spatial distribution and suitable habitats.We leveraged a decade of field survey data on medicinal plant distribution in the Yinshan Mountains,combined with spatial analysis,species distribution modeling,and the Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach(CASA)to explore the MPD spatial distribution and suitable habitats.Spatial analysis revealed that the central and eastern parts of Yinshan Mountains were the primary MPD hotspots,with no cold spots evident at various spatial scales.As the spatial scale decreased,previous non-significant regions transformed into hotspots,with instances where large-scale hotspots became insignificant.These findings offer valuable guidance for safeguarding and nurturing MPD across diverse spatial scales.In future climate change scenarios within the shared socioeconomic pathways(SSP),the habitat suitability for MPD in the Yinshan Mountains predominantly remains concentrated in the central and eastern regions.Notably,areas with high net primary productivity(NPP)values and abundant vegetation coverage align closely with MPD habitat suitability areas,potentially contributing to the region's rich MPD.
文摘Studying the interactions and relationships between humans and animals is known as ethnozoology.Indigenous medicine that is used to prevent,diagnose,and cure physical and mental disorders is known as traditional medicine.The understanding of how various animal materials are used in conventional medicine by different ethnic communities is undocumented and largely passed through oral communication from generation to generation.Traditional medicine is the primary source of healthcare for many ethnic tribes in Ethiopia.Approximately 80%of Ethiopians rely on traditional medicine to cure a variety of human conditions.However,because they are passed down orally from generation to generation,this indigenous medical practice is being disregarded and is still disappearing as a result of inadequate documentation.Ethiopia is a land of diversity,with a wide variety of fauna and ethnic groups,each of whom uses and manipulates medicinal animals in a unique way to treat a range of human illnesses.The main participants in the curative component of traditional medicine practice are traditional healers,who go by various names in different regions of the nation.In Ethiopia,though indigenous societies medicinally used animal species for millennia,they have given little attention to their conservation.Therefore,documentation of traditional medicinal animals and indigenous healing practices of Ethiopian cultures are very important to preserve the country’s resources.
基金Supported by Project of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2016KZ0007)Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Province(2022JDRC0121)+1 种基金Innovative Research Projects for Postgraduate at Southwest Minzu University(CX2020SZ49)Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2023NSFSC0179)。
文摘[Objective]To screen sensitive drugs and their combinations against biofilm formation of Escherichia coli isolated from Tibetan pigs and Tibetan chickens.[Method]Semi-quantitative modified crystal violet staining and the micro broth dilution method were employed to assess the biofilm-forming capacities of 152 E.coli,and their susceptibility to 12 commonly used antibiotics.Meanwhile,the checkerboard testing method was employed to evaluate the combined antibacterial activity of the sequential solvent fractions(methanol,dichloromethane,ethyl acetate,and petroleum ether)from four Tibetan veterinary medicinal plants(Spenceria ramalana Trimen,Thalictrum delawayi Franch.,Gentiana sino-ornata Balf.f.,Lonicera rupicola Hook.f.&Thomson),the ethyl acetate extract of two Enterococcus faecium and antibiotics with high resistance rates[chloramphenicol(CHL),oxytetracycline(OTC),ampicillin(AMP),and sulfamethoxazole(SMZ)]against ten selected multi-drug resistant E.coli(designated E1-E10).Lastly,the biofilm eradication of drug combinations on biofilms of E.coli E6 was examined.[Result]Most of the 152 E.coli exhibited moderate and no biofilm-forming capacities.The resistance rates to CHL,sulfamethazine(SM2),OTC,AMP,and SMZ exceeded 90%.In contrast,the resistance rates to difloxacin(DIF),ciprofloxacin(CIP),amikacin(AMK),ceftiofur(EFT),tobramycin(TOB),and ceftriaxone(CTR)were below 50%.Notably,the strains demonstrated a higher susceptibility to amikacin,with a drug resistance rate of only 19.90%.The MIC values for the E.coli E1-E10 were observed to range from 3.93 to 15.63 mg/mL for the methanol extract of S.ramalana,3.93 to 31.52 mg/mL for the ethyl acetate extract of T.delavayi,7.81 to 15.63 mg/mL for the methanol extract of G.sino-ornata,and 7.81 to 31.52 mg/mL for the ethyl acetate extract of L.rupicola.The ethyl acetate extracts from E.aecium S16 and S17 exhibited MIC values ranging from 0.42 to 13.38 mg/mL and from 0.45 to 3.63 mg/mL,respectively.The combinations of sequential solvent fractions derived from four Tibetan veterinary medicinal plants,the ethyl acetate extract of E.faecium,and antibiotics exhibiting high resistance rates demonstrated varying effects.At the MIC,all drug combinations showed a significant biofilm eradication effect compared to their single applications.The ethyl acetate extracts of L.rupicola and T.delavayi,combined with OTC and AMP,demonstrated a stronger inhibitory effect on E.coli E6 biofilm compared to other combinations.Specifically,the ethyl acetate extracts of L.rupicola and T.delavayi inhibited E.coli E6 biofilm by 48.92%and 42.58%in the presence of OTC,and by 48.58%and 47.84%in the presence of AMP,respectively.[Conclusion]The combined application of four selected Tibetan medicinal plants,probiotics,and antibacterial agents may offer a potential solution to address drug resistance and biofilm formation in E.coli isolated from Tibetan pigs and Tibetan chickens.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1100301)the Major Science and Technology Project of Henan Province(231100310200)+2 种基金Yunnan Applied Basic Research Project(202301AS070057)Yunnan Key Research and Development Projects(202305AH340005,202203AC100009,202003AD150012)Yunnan Characteristic Plant Screening and R&D Service CXO Platform(2022YKZY001)。
文摘Lipids are essential for normal life activities and biological functions of the human body,and disorders of lipid metabolism produce a lipotoxic environment,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,inflammation,and cell death,which can lead to a variety of diseases in the body.It has been found that lipid metabolism disorders are closely associated with brain injury disease,cancer,metabolic disease,cardiovascular disease(CVD),respiratory disease and infectious disease.In recent years,many medicinal and edible plants such as Pueraria lobata,Gardenia jasminoides,Curcuma longa,citrus fruits,peanuts,etc.have shown great potential in regulating lipid metabolism and some of the hidden active components showed innovative mechanisms.AMPK,PPARy,SIRT1,Foxp3,NLRP3,and Keapl are increasingly recognized as therapeutic targets in the field of regulating lipid metabolism.This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of natural lipid-regulating modulators in medicinal and edible plants and their mechanism of actions,which offer valuable references for the discovery of natural lipid metabolism modulators and a therapeutic strategy for treatment of lipid metabolism-related diseases.
基金Supported by National Spark Program(2007EA610021)Tianjin Spark Program(07ZHXHNC05400)~~
文摘The study aimed to discuss baiting effects of 17 kinds of Chinese medicinal plants on Brachydanio rerio.With 100 fish of Brachydanio rerio as tested objects,the average length of the 100 fish was 3.5 cm.Cinnamomum cassia,Mentha canadensis,Eugenia aromaticum,Coptis chinensis,Phellodendron amurense,Scutellaria baicalensis,star anise,Kaempferia galanga,Prunus mume,Magnolia sinensis,Terminalia chebula meat,Sophora flavescens,Polygonum cuspidatum,Rhizoma polygonatum,Astragalus membranaceus,Forsythia suspense and...
基金Supported by "Twelfth Five-Year" National Technology Support Program(2011BAI-06B01)~~
文摘At present, the excessive application of traditional chemical pesticides, serious pesticide residue pollution and destruction of the ecological balance in China have become important factors affecting the quality and safety of medicinal material. Biological pesticides are rapidly developed due to their characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity and residue. This study aimed to introduce the specific property of biological pesticides, review the classification of biological pesticides and their application in medicinal plants, analyze the problems in the production and utilization process of biological pesticides, and forecast the developmental prospect.
文摘Objective:Microneedles(MNs),as a key component of third-generation transdermal drug delivery sys-tems,show strong potential for obesity treatment.This study aimed to integrate traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)therapies,including Chinese patent medicine(CPM)injections and patches,with MN technology to identify commonly used administration sites and Chinese medicinal material(CMM)con-stituents suitable for MN-based weight loss interventions.Methods:Literature was retrieved from PubMed,Web of Science,Google Scholar,CNKI,and Google Patents.First,existing studies on MN-based weight loss were narratively reviewed.Then,studies on CPM injections or patches were analyzed to extract intervention elements,including administration sites,CMM constituents,and symptoms.Acupoint-symptom and CMM constituent-symptom pairs were compiled,and key nodes were identified through complex network analysis using eigenvector centrality,PageRank,and betweenness centrality.Results:Forty-four studies and thirteen patents were included.The review indicated that MN-based in-terventions demonstrated significant weight loss effects;however,current research remains limited by a focus on fat-deposition sites and insufficient development of CMM carriers.Network analysis identi-fied Guanyuan(CV4)and Poria cocos(Fuling)as central nodes across all metrics,suggesting their strong potential as key elements in MN-based therapies.Conclusion:CV4 and Poria cocos represent promising candidates for delivery sites and CMM constituents in MN-mediated obesity treatment.By integrating TCM principles with modern MN technology,these findings provide a theoretical basis for developing more targeted,efficient,and integrative anti-obesity interventions.
基金Research Grants Council(Grant No.12103919)of Hong Kong。
文摘Authentication is a key component of quality control,and the quality of Chinese medicinal materials directly impacts clinical efficacy.Chinese medicinal quality control is an important concern of the wider community,and it is intricately connected to the future and development of Chinese medicine.Macroscopic identification has been used for thousands of years in Chinese medicine,and it continues to be effective for resolving important issues related to quality control in the modern-day.However,new challenges have emerged for macroscopic identification.For example,new botanical varieties have emerged,with differences in macroscopic features related to cultivated vs.wild materials.Changes in processing methods and cultivation techniques also affect these features.Consequently,continual progress and innovation in Chinese medicinal authentication methods are needed.Macroscopic identification is based on organoleptic assessment,microscopy,and research of ancient texts,such as the Bencao.In addition to collecting information from traditional experience-based differentiation,innovation can take advantage of new technologies that can provide even more detailed,precise information about morphology.In the present review,we summarized inheritance and innovation in the scientific exposition of Chinese medicinal authentication,featuring a review of specialized publications,description of the establishment of a Chinese medicine specimen center and Chinese Medicine digital project,the expansion of authentication technologies,and the formation of a cultural project dedicated to the Compendium of Materia Medica.
基金Supported by Project of Guizhou Provincial Modernization of Chinese Medicine Material Project(QKHYZ[2011]5049Organization Department of CPCGuizhou Committee(TZJF-2009-02)Promotion Project of Key Scientific and Technological Achievements of Guiyang City([2010]1-T-4)~~
文摘[ Objective ] The paper was to study the effect of controlled atmosphere stress of carbon dioxide （ CO2 ） on Superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of in- sect, so as to analyze the biological mechanism of the action of controlled atmosphere stress on insect. [ Method] Using nitrotetrazolium blue chloride （NBT） light reduction method, SOD activity of drugstore beetle （ Stegobium panlceum ）, cigarette beetle （ Lasioderma serricorne） and coffee bean beetle （Araecerus fasciculatus） was studied, and the stress response of the enzyme under controlled atmosphere stress of CO2 was analyzed. [ Result ] SOD activity of drugstore beetle, cigarette beetle and coffee bean beetle exposed to controlled atmosphere stress of high concentrations of CO2 for 3 and 6 h had certain degree of increase, and the activity sig- nificantly increased from 2.011±0.954,2.664±0.218 and 1.458±0.718 to 3. 135±0. 105,3.050±0.673 and 2.975±0.229 U/（per pest · 30 min） after treat- ment for 6 h. [ Conclusion] Controlled atmosphere stress of high concentrations of CO2 had certain activation effect on SOD activity of storage pest in Chinese me- dicinal material within the context of sub-lethal events. The results could enrich the insecticidal mechanism of controlled atmosphere and theoretical system of analy- sis on insect resistance to controlled atmosphere.
