Most of the existing literature on the emergence of new consumption and its essence is based on the discussion of micro consumption phenomena. This paper takes new consumption phenomena in the digital media-dominated ...Most of the existing literature on the emergence of new consumption and its essence is based on the discussion of micro consumption phenomena. This paper takes new consumption phenomena in the digital media-dominated polymedia environment as the object of study to review the theoretical history of “mediatization,” and explores new consumption’s emergence, essence, and related issues systematically through deductive reasoning. More specifically, this paper is to first interpret the mediatization theory and then analyze two dimensions(i.e., the formation of mediatized consumption and the resultant reinvention of practice rules) from the perspective of media affordances. On this basis, we conclude mediatized consumption’s essence, forms, and practice rules. This study indicates that new consumption is essentially mediatized consumption, which concerns “media-shaped consumption” and “consumption-shaped media,” and that new consumption has two representations;consumption-oriented media and banal consumption. Media affordances make new consumption fields human-oriented, connecting “people” and “things,” and are becoming a major contributor to the formation of mediatized consumption. Thus, the practice rules concerning “people, goods, and fields” in the new consumption sector are reinvented;the social interactions in the “middle region” are highlighted;the imaginative, narrative, and social characteristics of goods are emphasized;and the cross-field integration of consumption is realized.展开更多
While a healthy lifestyle is known to reduce the risk of stroke,the extent to which blood pressure(BP)mediates this association remains unclear.The present study aimed to quantify the mediating role of BP in the assoc...While a healthy lifestyle is known to reduce the risk of stroke,the extent to which blood pressure(BP)mediates this association remains unclear.The present study aimed to quantify the mediating role of BP in the association between combined lifestyle factors and stroke incidence.Using data from 51929 participants free of major cardiovascular diseases or cancer at baseline,we employed structural equation modeling to assess the mediating effects of systolic(SBP)and diastolic(DBP)blood pressure.During the follow-up,2811 incident stroke cases were identified.A healthy lifestyle was significantly associated with a reduced risk of stroke,with SBP mediating 44.70%(β=-0.0014,95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.0016 to-0.0012)and DBP mediating 37.81%(β=-0.0012,95%CI:-0.0015 to-0.0009)of this association.The mediating effects were attenuated but remained significant for ischemic stroke(SBP:33.21%;DBP:27.24%).In conclusion,approximately two-fifths of the protective association between a healthy lifestyle and stroke may be mediated by BP.These findings suggest that BP control may serve as an important early indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in reducing stroke risk.展开更多
Objective Evidence suggests that depleted gut microbialα-diversity is associated with hypertension;however,whether metabolic markers affect this relationship remains unknown.We aimed to determine the potential metabo...Objective Evidence suggests that depleted gut microbialα-diversity is associated with hypertension;however,whether metabolic markers affect this relationship remains unknown.We aimed to determine the potential metabolites mediating the associations ofα-diversity with blood pressure(BP)and BP variability(BPV).Methods Metagenomics and plasma targeted metabolomics were conducted on 523 Chinese participants from the MetaSalt study.The 24-hour,daytime,and nighttime BP and BPV were calculated based on ambulatory BP measurements.Linear mixed models were used to characterize the relationships betweenα-diversity(Shannon and Chao1 index)and BP indices.Mediation analyses were performed to assess the contribution of metabolites to the observed associations.The influence of key metabolites on hypertension was further evaluated in a prospective cohort of 2,169 participants.Results Gut microbial richness(Chao1)was negatively associated with 24-hour systolic BP,daytime systolic BP,daytime diastolic BP,24-hour systolic BPV,and nighttime systolic BPV(P<0.05).Moreover,26 metabolites were strongly associated with richness(Bonferroni P<0.05).Among them,four key metabolites(imidazole propionate,2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid,homovanillic acid,and hydrocinnamic acid)mediated the associations between richness and BP indices(proportions of mediating effects:14.1%–67.4%).These key metabolites were also associated with hypertension in the prospective cohort.For example,each 1-standard deviation unit increase in hydrocinnamic acid significantly reduced the risk of prevalent(OR[95%CI]=0.90[0.82,0.99];P=0.03)and incident hypertension(HR[95%CI]=0.83[0.71,0.96];P=0.01).Conclusion Our results suggest that gut microbial richness correlates with lower BP and BPV,and that certain metabolites mediate these associations.These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenesis and prevention of hypertension.展开更多
Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response in the central nervous system associated with various neurological conditions.The inflammatory process is typically treated with non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammat...Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response in the central nervous system associated with various neurological conditions.The inflammatory process is typically treated with non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,which have a range of serious adverse effects.As an alternative,naturally derived molecules such as quercetin and its derivatives show promising anti-inflammatory properties and beneficial effects on various physiological functions.Our objective was to synthesize the evidence on the anti-inflammatory effect of quercetin and its derivatives in in vivo models,in the face of neuroinflammatory insults induced by lipopolysaccharide,through a systematic review and meta-analysis.A search of the preclinical literature was conducted across four databases(Pub Med,Web of Science,Scielo,and Google Scholar).Studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,assessed for methodological quality using CAMARADES,and risk of bias using the SYRCLE tool,and data were extracted from the studies.The quantitative assessment of quercetin effects on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and microgliosis was performed through a meta-analysis.A total of 384 potentially relevant articles were identified,of which 11 studies were included in the analysis.The methodological quality was assessed,resulting in an average score of 5.8/10,and the overall risk of bias analysis revealed a lack of methodological clarity in most studies.Furthermore,through the meta-analysis,it was observed that treatment with quercetin statistically reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin 6,interleukin 1β(n=89;SMD=–2.00;95%CI:–3.29 to–0.71),and microgliosis(n=33;SMD=–2.56;95%CI:–4.07 to–1.10).In terms of underlying mechanisms,quercetin and its derivatives exhibit antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties,possibly through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/HO-1 pathways,increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes and reducing reactive species,and modulating the caspase pathway,increasing levels of anti-apoptotic proteins and decreasing proapoptotic proteins.Quercetin and its derivatives exhibit highly pleiotropic actions that simultaneously contribute to preventing neuroinflammation.However,despite promising results in animal models,future directions should focus on well-designed clinical studies to assess the safety,bioavailability,and efficacy of quercetin and its derivatives in humans.Additionally,standardization of methods and dosages in studies is crucial to ensure consistency of findings and optimize their application in clinical settings.展开更多
Microbial catalysts offer compelling advantages for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in microbial fuel cell(MFC)cathodes,including reduced costs and extended operational lifespans.However,their practical application rema...Microbial catalysts offer compelling advantages for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in microbial fuel cell(MFC)cathodes,including reduced costs and extended operational lifespans.However,their practical application remains limited by insufficient intrinsic activity at catalytic protein sites and restricted charge accessibility,both of which constrain ORR kinetics.Here,we report the development of an efficient trifunctional bioendogenous system based on menaquinone-7(MK-7),enriched from Bacillus subtilis natto(natto digester strain(ND))through a straightforward fermentation strategy.The engineered MK-7 simultaneously performs three critical functions:(i)facilitating mediated electron transfer between bacteria and electrodes,(ii)regulating the in-situ formation of size-controlled conductive polydopamine nanostructures that enhance direct electron transfer pathways,and(iii)modulating the electronic structure of cytochrome c(Cyt c)to activate its catalytic center and optimize O_(2)adsorption capacity.Through these synergistic effects,our engineered nano-hybrid ND-FM@sPDA(FM is fermentation and sPDA is size-controlled conductive polydopamine)achieves an oxygen reduction current density of 3.83 mA·cm^(-2),representing a 1.54-fold enhancement over pristine ND(2.48 mA·cm^(-2)).MFCs constructed with the ND-FM@sPDA biocathode deliver a peak power density of 412μW·cm^(-2),surpassing previously reported microbial catalysts for similar applications.This work elucidates novel regulatory mechanisms for optimizing biocatalysts at the molecular level and provides critical insights for advancing sustainable bioelectrocatalytic technologies with enhanced performance.展开更多
Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenn...Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.展开更多
Chiral compounds have a huge market demand in the fields of pharmaceuticals,pesticides,and fine chemicals.Enzymatic electrosynthesis can couple enzyme catalysis,possessing high product purity,high efficiency,and mild ...Chiral compounds have a huge market demand in the fields of pharmaceuticals,pesticides,and fine chemicals.Enzymatic electrosynthesis can couple enzyme catalysis,possessing high product purity,high efficiency,and mild conditions,with electrochemical regeneration of expensive cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH),possessing easy process monitoring and simple operation for efficient chiral synthesis.In this study,hydrophobic covalent organic framework(COF)was synthesized as the immobilized carrier,which not only enhanced the enzyme catalysis through enriching substrate but also enhanced the stability and reuse of the enzyme.Besides,Rh complex was anchored on hydrophilically-modified electrode to promote the regeneration of NADH,where the anchor of Rh complex can effectively avoid the mutual deactivation from the interference between electron mediator and enzyme,and simplify the separation of products.The immobilized enzyme catalysis and the electrochemical cofactor regeneration were coupled to construct an enzymatic electrosynthesis system for the efficient asymmetric reduction to obtain chiral alcohols,with a maximum turnover frequency(TOF)of 101.1 h^(-1).Furthermore,the relevant parameters of the system were optimized,and the substrate scope was expanded.展开更多
Traumatic spinal cord injury result in considerable and lasting functional impairments,triggering complex inflammatory and pathological events.Spinal cord scars,often metaphorically referred to as“fire barriers,”aim...Traumatic spinal cord injury result in considerable and lasting functional impairments,triggering complex inflammatory and pathological events.Spinal cord scars,often metaphorically referred to as“fire barriers,”aim to control the spread of neuroinflammation during the acute phase but later hinder axon regeneration in later stages.Recent studies have enhanced our understanding of immunomodulation,revealing that injury-associated inflammation involves various cell types and molecules with positive and negative effects.This review employs bibliometric analysis to examine the literature on inflammatory mediators in spinal cord injury,highlighting recent research and providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of research and the latest advances in studies on neuroinflammation related to spinal cord injury.We summarize the immune and inflammatory responses at different stages of spinal cord injury,offering crucial insights for future research.Additionally,we review repair strategies based on inflammatory mediators for the injured spinal cord.Finally,this review discusses the current status and future directions of translational research focused on immune-targeting strategies,including pharmaceuticals,biomedical engineering,and gene therapy.The development of a combined,precise,and multitemporal strategy for the repair of injured spinal cords represents a promising direction for future research.展开更多
Objective Observational studies have shown inconsistent associations of loneliness or social isolation(SI)with ischemic heart disease(IHD),with unknown mediators.Methods Using data from genome-wide association studies...Objective Observational studies have shown inconsistent associations of loneliness or social isolation(SI)with ischemic heart disease(IHD),with unknown mediators.Methods Using data from genome-wide association studies of predominantly European ancestry,we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization(MR)study to estimate causal effects of loneliness(N=487,647)and SI traits on IHD(N=184,305).SI traits included whether individuals lived alone,participated in various types of social activities,and how often they had contact with friends or family(N=459,830 to 461,369).A network MR study was conducted to evaluate the mediating roles of 20 candidate mediators,including metabolic,behavioral and psychological factors.Results Loneliness increased IHD risk(OR=2.129;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.380 to 3.285),mediated by body fat percentage,waist-hip ratio,total cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.For SI traits,only fewer social activities increased IHD risk(OR=1.815;95%CI:1.189 to 2.772),mediated by hypertension,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglycerides,fasting insulin,and smoking cessation.No reverse causality of IHD with loneliness and SI was found.Conclusion These findings suggested more attention should be paid to individuals who feel lonely and have fewer social activities to prevent IHD,with several mediators as prioritized targets for intervention.展开更多
Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment o...Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent/stop inflammation and combat disease pathology. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether they counteract the expression of genes and proteins induced by amyloid-β. With this objective, we analyzed the relevance of human monocyte–derived microglia for in vitro modeling of neuroinflammation and its resolution in the context of Alzheimer's disease and investigated the pro-resolving bioactivity of maresin 1 on amyloid-β42–induced Alzheimer's disease–like inflammation. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data and secreted proteins in supernatants from the monocyte-derived microglia showed that the monocyte-derived microglia resembled Alzheimer's disease–like neuroinflammation in human brain microglia after incubation with amyloid-β42. Maresin 1 restored homeostasis by down-regulating inflammatory pathway related gene expression induced by amyloid-β42 in monocyte-derived microglia, protection of maresin 1 against the effects of amyloid-β42 is mediated by a re-balancing of inflammatory transcriptional networks in which modulation of gene transcription in the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway plays a major part. We pinpointed molecular targets that are associated with both neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic targets by maresin 1. In conclusion, monocyte-derived microglia represent a relevant in vitro microglial model for studies on Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation and drug response for individual patients. Maresin 1 ameliorates amyloid-β42–induced changes in several genes of importance in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.展开更多
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease in which synovial fibroblasts(SFs)maintain chronic inflammation by secreting proinflammatory mediators,leading to joint destruction.While the role of proinflamm...Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease in which synovial fibroblasts(SFs)maintain chronic inflammation by secreting proinflammatory mediators,leading to joint destruction.While the role of proinflammatory mediators in this process is well-established,the contribution of non-inflammatory regulators in SFs to joint pathology remains poorly understood.In this study,we investigated the non-inflammatory role of SFs in RA using a co-culture model,and found that SFs from RA patients promote apoptosis of human chondrocytes.Mechanistic investigations reveal that SFs can secrete small extracellular vesicles(sEVs),which are taken up by chondrocytes and induce chondrocyte apoptosis in both normal chondrocytes and chondrocytes from patients with RA.sEV-derived miRNA 15-29148 are identified as key signaling molecules mediating the apoptosis effects of chondrocytes.Further studies reveal that SF-derived miRNA 15-29148 targeting CIAPIN1 results in increased chondrocyte apoptosis.We further demonstrate that SF-derived miRNA 15-29148 is transferred to chondrocytes,exacerbating cartilage damage in vivo.Moreover,chondrocyte-specific aptamer-modified polyamidoamine nanoparticles not only ameliorated RA but also prevented its onset.This study suggests that,in RA,the secretion of specific sEV-miRNAs from SFs plays a crucial role in promoting chondrocyte apoptosis,potentially through non-inflammatory regulation,and that sEV-miRNA inhibition in SFs may represent an early preventive treatment strategy for cartilage degradation in RA.展开更多
BACKGROUND Emotional reactions,such as anxiety,irritability,and aggressive behavior,have attracted clinical attention as behavioral and emotional problems in preschool-age children.AIM To investigate the current statu...BACKGROUND Emotional reactions,such as anxiety,irritability,and aggressive behavior,have attracted clinical attention as behavioral and emotional problems in preschool-age children.AIM To investigate the current status of family rearing,parental stress,and behavioral and emotional problems of preschool children and to analyze the mediating effect of the current status of family rearing on parental stress and behavioral/emo-tional problems.METHODS We use convenience sampling to select 258 preschool children in the physical examination center of our hospital from October 2021 to September 2023.The children and their parents were evaluated using a questionnaire survey.Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the correlation between child behavioral and emotional problems and parental stress and family rearing,and the structural equation model was constructed to test the mediating effect.RESULTS The score for behavioral/emotional problems of 258 preschool children was(27.54±3.63),the score for parental stress was(87.64±11.34),and the score for parental family rearing was(31.54±5.24).There was a positive correlation between the behavioral and emotional problems of the children and the“hostile/mandatory”parenting style;meanwhile,showed a negative correlation with the“support/participation”parenting style(all P<0.05).The intermediary effect value between the family upbringing of parents in parental stress and children's behavior problems was 29.89%.CONCLUSION Parental family upbringing has a mediating effect between parental stress and behavioral and emotional problems of children.Despite paying attention to the behavioral and emotional problems of preschool-age children,clinical medical staff should provide correct and reasonable parenting advice to their parents to promote the mental health of preschool-age children.展开更多
Objective:Gut microbiota(GM)and blood metabolites are associated with the development of urticaria,yet their specific causal relationships in East Asian populations remain unclear.This study aims to elucidate the caus...Objective:Gut microbiota(GM)and blood metabolites are associated with the development of urticaria,yet their specific causal relationships in East Asian populations remain unclear.This study aims to elucidate the causal and mediating relationships among GM,blood metabolites,and urticaria in East Asians using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods:Summary-level statistics for 500 GM taxa,112 blood metabolites,and urticaria were obtained from publicly available Genome-Wide Association Studies(GWAS)datasets.Bidirectional MR analyses were performed to examine causal associations among the GM,blood metabolites,and urticaria.The inverse variance weighted(IVW)method served as the primary analytical approach,supplemented by MR-Egger,weighted median,simple mode,and weighted mode methods.Sensitivity analyses included heterogeneity tests,horizontal pleiotropy assessments,and leave-one-out analyses.Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential mediating effects of blood metabolites on the causal pathways between GM and urticaria.Results:MR analyses identified 12 GM taxa exhibiting significant causal effects on urticaria susceptibility.Nine taxa,such as MF0017_galactose_degradation(OR=1.461,95%CI 1.098 to 1.944,P=0.009),were associated with increased urticaria risk.Three taxa,such as MF0001_arabinoxylan_degradation(OR=0.846,95%CI 0.737 to 0.973,P=0.019),showed protective effects with increased abundance.Additionally,6 blood metabolites demonstrated causal associations with urticaria.Notably,the risk of developing urticaria increases with rising fasting plasma glucose(FPG)levels(OR=1.971,95%CI 1.089 to 3.567,P=0.025).Mediation analysis further demonstrated that FPG partially mediated the protective effect of MF0001_arabinoxylan_degradation on urticaria,accounting for 11.30%of the total effect.Conclusion:This study has delineated specific GM taxa and blood metabolites that hold causal relevance to urticaria in East Asian populations.Notably,arabinogalactan degradation potentially mitigates urticaria risk via reducing FPG concentrations,offering genetic evidence to support therapeutic strategies targeting GM modulation and glucose regulation.展开更多
Hanyu Xu 1,Xuedan Song 1,*,Qing Zhang 1,Chang Yu 1,Jieshan Qiu 1,2,*1 Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian Univers...Hanyu Xu 1,Xuedan Song 1,*,Qing Zhang 1,Chang Yu 1,Jieshan Qiu 1,2,*1 Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning Province,China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cow's milk allergy(CMA)is a common condition in infants,requiring alternative protein sources in their diets.Soya milk has become a popular substitute,especially in developing countries where it is a mo...BACKGROUND Cow's milk allergy(CMA)is a common condition in infants,requiring alternative protein sources in their diets.Soya milk has become a popular substitute,especially in developing countries where it is a more affordable option compared to expensive hypoallergenic feeds for infants with insufficient breast milk supply.However,recent observations have shown an increase in soya cross-allergic reactions among infants with CMA.AIM To determine how often infants diagnosed with CMA also had soya cross-allergy and to examine the symptoms and outcomes of these infants at 2 years of age.METHODS Data from two pediatric centers were analyzed,looking at clinical records of children under 2 years old diagnosed with CMA from August 2015 to July 2023,divided into two four-year periods.RESULTS The records of 432 infants with CMA were analyzed.In the first four-year period from August 2015 to July 2019,142 infants were studied,with 27(19%)found to have soya-protein allergy as well.In the second four-year period,a total of 290 infants were studied,and soya allergy was found in 136 babies(47%).This represents a significant increase(P<0.0001)in cases of soya protein cross-allergy among infants with CMA.The most common symptoms observed were gastroesophageal reflux disorder(39%),followed by failure to thrive,bloody diarrhea,watery diarrhea,and constipation.At 2 years of age,these infants showed significant growth failure compared to infants with CMA only.CONCLUSION In conclusion,this study emphasizes the importance of being cautious when using soy protein in infants with cow's milk protein allergy,especially in areas where cost is a major concern.展开更多
What the newly established mediation body in China’s Hong Kong means for Africa In a world fraying under geopoliti-cal tensions,legal asymmetry,and fragmented global governance,the launch of the International Organis...What the newly established mediation body in China’s Hong Kong means for Africa In a world fraying under geopoliti-cal tensions,legal asymmetry,and fragmented global governance,the launch of the International Organisation for Mediation(IOMed)in China’s Hong Kong on 30 May is much more than a diplomatic novelty.It is a strategic recalibration of how the Global South,particularly African nations,might resolve disputes without surrendering sovereignty or dignity.展开更多
In recent years, the use of new biomarkers in different phases of the diagnosis andtreatment of several diseases has allowed substantial improvement in clinicalpractice. The use of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDN...In recent years, the use of new biomarkers in different phases of the diagnosis andtreatment of several diseases has allowed substantial improvement in clinicalpractice. The use of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) in organ transplantationhas led to significant progress in the treatment of post-transplantoutcomes, particularly after kidney transplantation. In addition, the use of ddcfDNAin organ transplantation has led to significant advancements in posttransplantoutcome monitoring. The aim of this study is to review many of therecent studies on the use of this biomarker and to evaluate its most relevantadvantages and limitations. dd-cfDNA is released from several types of cells ofthe transplanted organ, most often from endothelial cells and this happens in thecase of organ damage, most often rejection. Its presence in the bloodstream of therecipients is an important sign of graft damage;its principal advantage is in theavoidance of invasive tools such as renal biopsy. Additionally, several studiesreported that the finding of dd-cfDNA in the serum may precede histologicalabnormalities;its utility in the diagnosis of subclinical rejection is extremelyimportant. Among the principal limitations of this tool are the difficulty in distinguishingdifferent forms of graft damage. According to several studies this toolhas several limitations in diagnosing T-cell mediated rejection. In addition,particular care should be taken in distinguishing dd-cfDNA from recipientderivedcfDNA.展开更多
CHINA IOMed Inauguration Ceremony Held The inauguration ceremony of the International Organisation for Mediation(IOMed),headquartered in China’s Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,was held on 20 October,marking ...CHINA IOMed Inauguration Ceremony Held The inauguration ceremony of the International Organisation for Mediation(IOMed),headquartered in China’s Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,was held on 20 October,marking a significant milestone in global conflict resolution.The IOMed is the world’s first intergovernmental international legal organisation dedicated to resolving international disputes through mediation.展开更多
This study tested a chain mediation model on whether hopelessness and nostalgia play a mediating role in psychache and suicidal ideation of firefighters.A total of 652 firefighters participated in the survey(male=94.9...This study tested a chain mediation model on whether hopelessness and nostalgia play a mediating role in psychache and suicidal ideation of firefighters.A total of 652 firefighters participated in the survey(male=94.94%;mean age=23.71 years,SD=4.18 years).The firefighters completed the Chinese Revised Psychache Scale(PAS),Beck Hopelessness Scale(BHS),Southampton Nostalgia Scale(SNS),and Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale(CSSRS).The path analysis results indicated that psychache positively predicted suicidal ideation.Hopelessness plays a significant mediating role between psychache and suicidal ideation further strengthening this relationship.In contrast,nostalgia mediates and weakened the relationship between psychache and suicidal ideation.Hopelessness and nostalgia jointly constructed a chain mediating effect between psychache and suicidal ideation,for higher suicidal ideation with higher hopelessness and lower nostalgia.The findings align with the Three-Step Theory of Suicide,which proposes that suicidal ideation results from the combination of pain and hopelessness and that connectedness is a key protective factor against escalating ideation.Therefore,interventions to reduce suicidal ideation in firefighters should aim to enhance their nostalgia,while reducing sense of hopelessness.展开更多
基金a phased research result of the“New Changes in Media and New Consumerism”(18BXW085)a program funded by the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)。
文摘Most of the existing literature on the emergence of new consumption and its essence is based on the discussion of micro consumption phenomena. This paper takes new consumption phenomena in the digital media-dominated polymedia environment as the object of study to review the theoretical history of “mediatization,” and explores new consumption’s emergence, essence, and related issues systematically through deductive reasoning. More specifically, this paper is to first interpret the mediatization theory and then analyze two dimensions(i.e., the formation of mediatized consumption and the resultant reinvention of practice rules) from the perspective of media affordances. On this basis, we conclude mediatized consumption’s essence, forms, and practice rules. This study indicates that new consumption is essentially mediatized consumption, which concerns “media-shaped consumption” and “consumption-shaped media,” and that new consumption has two representations;consumption-oriented media and banal consumption. Media affordances make new consumption fields human-oriented, connecting “people” and “things,” and are becoming a major contributor to the formation of mediatized consumption. Thus, the practice rules concerning “people, goods, and fields” in the new consumption sector are reinvented;the social interactions in the “middle region” are highlighted;the imaginative, narrative, and social characteristics of goods are emphasized;and the cross-field integration of consumption is realized.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82192900,82192901,82192904,81390540,and 91846303 to L.L.)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC0900500 to Y.G.)the Kadoorie Charitable Foundation in Hong Kong,and the Wellcome Trust in the UK(Grant/Award Nos.088158/Z/09/Z,104085/Z/14/Z,and 202922/Z/16/Z to Z.C.).
文摘While a healthy lifestyle is known to reduce the risk of stroke,the extent to which blood pressure(BP)mediates this association remains unclear.The present study aimed to quantify the mediating role of BP in the association between combined lifestyle factors and stroke incidence.Using data from 51929 participants free of major cardiovascular diseases or cancer at baseline,we employed structural equation modeling to assess the mediating effects of systolic(SBP)and diastolic(DBP)blood pressure.During the follow-up,2811 incident stroke cases were identified.A healthy lifestyle was significantly associated with a reduced risk of stroke,with SBP mediating 44.70%(β=-0.0014,95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.0016 to-0.0012)and DBP mediating 37.81%(β=-0.0012,95%CI:-0.0015 to-0.0009)of this association.The mediating effects were attenuated but remained significant for ischemic stroke(SBP:33.21%;DBP:27.24%).In conclusion,approximately two-fifths of the protective association between a healthy lifestyle and stroke may be mediated by BP.These findings suggest that BP control may serve as an important early indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in reducing stroke risk.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Program for Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases(2023ZD0503500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82030102,12126602,91857118)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-010,2019-I2M-2-003)the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2022-GSP-GG-1,2022-GSP-GG-2)。
文摘Objective Evidence suggests that depleted gut microbialα-diversity is associated with hypertension;however,whether metabolic markers affect this relationship remains unknown.We aimed to determine the potential metabolites mediating the associations ofα-diversity with blood pressure(BP)and BP variability(BPV).Methods Metagenomics and plasma targeted metabolomics were conducted on 523 Chinese participants from the MetaSalt study.The 24-hour,daytime,and nighttime BP and BPV were calculated based on ambulatory BP measurements.Linear mixed models were used to characterize the relationships betweenα-diversity(Shannon and Chao1 index)and BP indices.Mediation analyses were performed to assess the contribution of metabolites to the observed associations.The influence of key metabolites on hypertension was further evaluated in a prospective cohort of 2,169 participants.Results Gut microbial richness(Chao1)was negatively associated with 24-hour systolic BP,daytime systolic BP,daytime diastolic BP,24-hour systolic BPV,and nighttime systolic BPV(P<0.05).Moreover,26 metabolites were strongly associated with richness(Bonferroni P<0.05).Among them,four key metabolites(imidazole propionate,2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid,homovanillic acid,and hydrocinnamic acid)mediated the associations between richness and BP indices(proportions of mediating effects:14.1%–67.4%).These key metabolites were also associated with hypertension in the prospective cohort.For example,each 1-standard deviation unit increase in hydrocinnamic acid significantly reduced the risk of prevalent(OR[95%CI]=0.90[0.82,0.99];P=0.03)and incident hypertension(HR[95%CI]=0.83[0.71,0.96];P=0.01).Conclusion Our results suggest that gut microbial richness correlates with lower BP and BPV,and that certain metabolites mediate these associations.These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenesis and prevention of hypertension.
基金supported by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil(CAPES)[Finance Code 001](to MGS)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico(CNPq)fellowship[research grants 309840/2022-8]。
文摘Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response in the central nervous system associated with various neurological conditions.The inflammatory process is typically treated with non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,which have a range of serious adverse effects.As an alternative,naturally derived molecules such as quercetin and its derivatives show promising anti-inflammatory properties and beneficial effects on various physiological functions.Our objective was to synthesize the evidence on the anti-inflammatory effect of quercetin and its derivatives in in vivo models,in the face of neuroinflammatory insults induced by lipopolysaccharide,through a systematic review and meta-analysis.A search of the preclinical literature was conducted across four databases(Pub Med,Web of Science,Scielo,and Google Scholar).Studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,assessed for methodological quality using CAMARADES,and risk of bias using the SYRCLE tool,and data were extracted from the studies.The quantitative assessment of quercetin effects on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and microgliosis was performed through a meta-analysis.A total of 384 potentially relevant articles were identified,of which 11 studies were included in the analysis.The methodological quality was assessed,resulting in an average score of 5.8/10,and the overall risk of bias analysis revealed a lack of methodological clarity in most studies.Furthermore,through the meta-analysis,it was observed that treatment with quercetin statistically reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin 6,interleukin 1β(n=89;SMD=–2.00;95%CI:–3.29 to–0.71),and microgliosis(n=33;SMD=–2.56;95%CI:–4.07 to–1.10).In terms of underlying mechanisms,quercetin and its derivatives exhibit antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties,possibly through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/HO-1 pathways,increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes and reducing reactive species,and modulating the caspase pathway,increasing levels of anti-apoptotic proteins and decreasing proapoptotic proteins.Quercetin and its derivatives exhibit highly pleiotropic actions that simultaneously contribute to preventing neuroinflammation.However,despite promising results in animal models,future directions should focus on well-designed clinical studies to assess the safety,bioavailability,and efficacy of quercetin and its derivatives in humans.Additionally,standardization of methods and dosages in studies is crucial to ensure consistency of findings and optimize their application in clinical settings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52472200 and 52271176)the 111 Project(No.D17007)+1 种基金the Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists(No.GZS2022017)Henan Province Key Research and Development Project(No.231111520500).
文摘Microbial catalysts offer compelling advantages for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in microbial fuel cell(MFC)cathodes,including reduced costs and extended operational lifespans.However,their practical application remains limited by insufficient intrinsic activity at catalytic protein sites and restricted charge accessibility,both of which constrain ORR kinetics.Here,we report the development of an efficient trifunctional bioendogenous system based on menaquinone-7(MK-7),enriched from Bacillus subtilis natto(natto digester strain(ND))through a straightforward fermentation strategy.The engineered MK-7 simultaneously performs three critical functions:(i)facilitating mediated electron transfer between bacteria and electrodes,(ii)regulating the in-situ formation of size-controlled conductive polydopamine nanostructures that enhance direct electron transfer pathways,and(iii)modulating the electronic structure of cytochrome c(Cyt c)to activate its catalytic center and optimize O_(2)adsorption capacity.Through these synergistic effects,our engineered nano-hybrid ND-FM@sPDA(FM is fermentation and sPDA is size-controlled conductive polydopamine)achieves an oxygen reduction current density of 3.83 mA·cm^(-2),representing a 1.54-fold enhancement over pristine ND(2.48 mA·cm^(-2)).MFCs constructed with the ND-FM@sPDA biocathode deliver a peak power density of 412μW·cm^(-2),surpassing previously reported microbial catalysts for similar applications.This work elucidates novel regulatory mechanisms for optimizing biocatalysts at the molecular level and provides critical insights for advancing sustainable bioelectrocatalytic technologies with enhanced performance.
基金supported by the High-level Talents Introduction Plan from Central South University(No.502045003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42277438)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2024JJ2082)to Fang Xiao,and the Postgraduate Independent Exploration and Innovation Project of Central South University,China(Nos.2024ZZTS0557 and 2023ZZTS0993)。
文摘Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFA0914500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22378096,22308083,and 22178083)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.B2022202014)the Educational Commission of Hebei Province(No.JZX2023012).
文摘Chiral compounds have a huge market demand in the fields of pharmaceuticals,pesticides,and fine chemicals.Enzymatic electrosynthesis can couple enzyme catalysis,possessing high product purity,high efficiency,and mild conditions,with electrochemical regeneration of expensive cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH),possessing easy process monitoring and simple operation for efficient chiral synthesis.In this study,hydrophobic covalent organic framework(COF)was synthesized as the immobilized carrier,which not only enhanced the enzyme catalysis through enriching substrate but also enhanced the stability and reuse of the enzyme.Besides,Rh complex was anchored on hydrophilically-modified electrode to promote the regeneration of NADH,where the anchor of Rh complex can effectively avoid the mutual deactivation from the interference between electron mediator and enzyme,and simplify the separation of products.The immobilized enzyme catalysis and the electrochemical cofactor regeneration were coupled to construct an enzymatic electrosynthesis system for the efficient asymmetric reduction to obtain chiral alcohols,with a maximum turnover frequency(TOF)of 101.1 h^(-1).Furthermore,the relevant parameters of the system were optimized,and the substrate scope was expanded.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82272470 (to GN),82072439 (to GN),81930070 (to SF)the Tianjin Health Key Discipline Special Project,No.TJWJ2022XK011 (to GN)+2 种基金the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,No.22ZYYJQ01 (to GN)Tianjin Key Medical Disciplines,No.TJYXZDXK-027A (to SF)National Key Research and Development Program-Stem Cells and Transformation Research,No.2019YFA0112100 (to SF)
文摘Traumatic spinal cord injury result in considerable and lasting functional impairments,triggering complex inflammatory and pathological events.Spinal cord scars,often metaphorically referred to as“fire barriers,”aim to control the spread of neuroinflammation during the acute phase but later hinder axon regeneration in later stages.Recent studies have enhanced our understanding of immunomodulation,revealing that injury-associated inflammation involves various cell types and molecules with positive and negative effects.This review employs bibliometric analysis to examine the literature on inflammatory mediators in spinal cord injury,highlighting recent research and providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of research and the latest advances in studies on neuroinflammation related to spinal cord injury.We summarize the immune and inflammatory responses at different stages of spinal cord injury,offering crucial insights for future research.Additionally,we review repair strategies based on inflammatory mediators for the injured spinal cord.Finally,this review discusses the current status and future directions of translational research focused on immune-targeting strategies,including pharmaceuticals,biomedical engineering,and gene therapy.The development of a combined,precise,and multitemporal strategy for the repair of injured spinal cords represents a promising direction for future research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82322059)the Chinese Academy of Medical·Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-010)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2500500)the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2023-GSPRC-19).
文摘Objective Observational studies have shown inconsistent associations of loneliness or social isolation(SI)with ischemic heart disease(IHD),with unknown mediators.Methods Using data from genome-wide association studies of predominantly European ancestry,we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization(MR)study to estimate causal effects of loneliness(N=487,647)and SI traits on IHD(N=184,305).SI traits included whether individuals lived alone,participated in various types of social activities,and how often they had contact with friends or family(N=459,830 to 461,369).A network MR study was conducted to evaluate the mediating roles of 20 candidate mediators,including metabolic,behavioral and psychological factors.Results Loneliness increased IHD risk(OR=2.129;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.380 to 3.285),mediated by body fat percentage,waist-hip ratio,total cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.For SI traits,only fewer social activities increased IHD risk(OR=1.815;95%CI:1.189 to 2.772),mediated by hypertension,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglycerides,fasting insulin,and smoking cessation.No reverse causality of IHD with loneliness and SI was found.Conclusion These findings suggested more attention should be paid to individuals who feel lonely and have fewer social activities to prevent IHD,with several mediators as prioritized targets for intervention.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(to YW)the Swedish Research Council,No.2018-02601(to MS)+7 种基金the Alzheimer Foundation,No.AF-980695(to MS)the Stockholm County Council,No.RS2020-0731(to MS)the Foundation of Old Servants(to MS)the Gun and Bertil Stohne Foundation(to MS)the?hlén Foundation,No.233055(to MS)The Swedish Fund for Research without Animal Experiments(to MS)the Swedish Dementia Foundation(to MS)the Brain foundation,No.FO2022-0131(to MS)。
文摘Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent/stop inflammation and combat disease pathology. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether they counteract the expression of genes and proteins induced by amyloid-β. With this objective, we analyzed the relevance of human monocyte–derived microglia for in vitro modeling of neuroinflammation and its resolution in the context of Alzheimer's disease and investigated the pro-resolving bioactivity of maresin 1 on amyloid-β42–induced Alzheimer's disease–like inflammation. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data and secreted proteins in supernatants from the monocyte-derived microglia showed that the monocyte-derived microglia resembled Alzheimer's disease–like neuroinflammation in human brain microglia after incubation with amyloid-β42. Maresin 1 restored homeostasis by down-regulating inflammatory pathway related gene expression induced by amyloid-β42 in monocyte-derived microglia, protection of maresin 1 against the effects of amyloid-β42 is mediated by a re-balancing of inflammatory transcriptional networks in which modulation of gene transcription in the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway plays a major part. We pinpointed molecular targets that are associated with both neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic targets by maresin 1. In conclusion, monocyte-derived microglia represent a relevant in vitro microglial model for studies on Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation and drug response for individual patients. Maresin 1 ameliorates amyloid-β42–induced changes in several genes of importance in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82372412)the Social Development Project of Jiangsu Province(BE2022701)+4 种基金the Top Talent Support Program for Young and Middle-aged People of the Wuxi Health Committee(BJ2020044,BJ2020057,HB2020043)the Fundamental Research Funds of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Wuxi(M202024)the Special Program for Translational Medicine Research of the Wuxi Translational Medicine Center(2020DHYB07,2020DHYB03)the Key Special Project of Precision Medicine of the Wuxi Health Commission(J202101)peking union medical college hospital talent cultivation program(UHB50192).
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease in which synovial fibroblasts(SFs)maintain chronic inflammation by secreting proinflammatory mediators,leading to joint destruction.While the role of proinflammatory mediators in this process is well-established,the contribution of non-inflammatory regulators in SFs to joint pathology remains poorly understood.In this study,we investigated the non-inflammatory role of SFs in RA using a co-culture model,and found that SFs from RA patients promote apoptosis of human chondrocytes.Mechanistic investigations reveal that SFs can secrete small extracellular vesicles(sEVs),which are taken up by chondrocytes and induce chondrocyte apoptosis in both normal chondrocytes and chondrocytes from patients with RA.sEV-derived miRNA 15-29148 are identified as key signaling molecules mediating the apoptosis effects of chondrocytes.Further studies reveal that SF-derived miRNA 15-29148 targeting CIAPIN1 results in increased chondrocyte apoptosis.We further demonstrate that SF-derived miRNA 15-29148 is transferred to chondrocytes,exacerbating cartilage damage in vivo.Moreover,chondrocyte-specific aptamer-modified polyamidoamine nanoparticles not only ameliorated RA but also prevented its onset.This study suggests that,in RA,the secretion of specific sEV-miRNAs from SFs plays a crucial role in promoting chondrocyte apoptosis,potentially through non-inflammatory regulation,and that sEV-miRNA inhibition in SFs may represent an early preventive treatment strategy for cartilage degradation in RA.
基金Supported by the Shijiazhuang Science and Technology Research and Development Program,No.221460383.
文摘BACKGROUND Emotional reactions,such as anxiety,irritability,and aggressive behavior,have attracted clinical attention as behavioral and emotional problems in preschool-age children.AIM To investigate the current status of family rearing,parental stress,and behavioral and emotional problems of preschool children and to analyze the mediating effect of the current status of family rearing on parental stress and behavioral/emo-tional problems.METHODS We use convenience sampling to select 258 preschool children in the physical examination center of our hospital from October 2021 to September 2023.The children and their parents were evaluated using a questionnaire survey.Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the correlation between child behavioral and emotional problems and parental stress and family rearing,and the structural equation model was constructed to test the mediating effect.RESULTS The score for behavioral/emotional problems of 258 preschool children was(27.54±3.63),the score for parental stress was(87.64±11.34),and the score for parental family rearing was(31.54±5.24).There was a positive correlation between the behavioral and emotional problems of the children and the“hostile/mandatory”parenting style;meanwhile,showed a negative correlation with the“support/participation”parenting style(all P<0.05).The intermediary effect value between the family upbringing of parents in parental stress and children's behavior problems was 29.89%.CONCLUSION Parental family upbringing has a mediating effect between parental stress and behavioral and emotional problems of children.Despite paying attention to the behavioral and emotional problems of preschool-age children,clinical medical staff should provide correct and reasonable parenting advice to their parents to promote the mental health of preschool-age children.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(2024JJ7627).
文摘Objective:Gut microbiota(GM)and blood metabolites are associated with the development of urticaria,yet their specific causal relationships in East Asian populations remain unclear.This study aims to elucidate the causal and mediating relationships among GM,blood metabolites,and urticaria in East Asians using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods:Summary-level statistics for 500 GM taxa,112 blood metabolites,and urticaria were obtained from publicly available Genome-Wide Association Studies(GWAS)datasets.Bidirectional MR analyses were performed to examine causal associations among the GM,blood metabolites,and urticaria.The inverse variance weighted(IVW)method served as the primary analytical approach,supplemented by MR-Egger,weighted median,simple mode,and weighted mode methods.Sensitivity analyses included heterogeneity tests,horizontal pleiotropy assessments,and leave-one-out analyses.Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential mediating effects of blood metabolites on the causal pathways between GM and urticaria.Results:MR analyses identified 12 GM taxa exhibiting significant causal effects on urticaria susceptibility.Nine taxa,such as MF0017_galactose_degradation(OR=1.461,95%CI 1.098 to 1.944,P=0.009),were associated with increased urticaria risk.Three taxa,such as MF0001_arabinoxylan_degradation(OR=0.846,95%CI 0.737 to 0.973,P=0.019),showed protective effects with increased abundance.Additionally,6 blood metabolites demonstrated causal associations with urticaria.Notably,the risk of developing urticaria increases with rising fasting plasma glucose(FPG)levels(OR=1.971,95%CI 1.089 to 3.567,P=0.025).Mediation analysis further demonstrated that FPG partially mediated the protective effect of MF0001_arabinoxylan_degradation on urticaria,accounting for 11.30%of the total effect.Conclusion:This study has delineated specific GM taxa and blood metabolites that hold causal relevance to urticaria in East Asian populations.Notably,arabinogalactan degradation potentially mitigates urticaria risk via reducing FPG concentrations,offering genetic evidence to support therapeutic strategies targeting GM modulation and glucose regulation.
文摘Hanyu Xu 1,Xuedan Song 1,*,Qing Zhang 1,Chang Yu 1,Jieshan Qiu 1,2,*1 Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning Province,China.
文摘BACKGROUND Cow's milk allergy(CMA)is a common condition in infants,requiring alternative protein sources in their diets.Soya milk has become a popular substitute,especially in developing countries where it is a more affordable option compared to expensive hypoallergenic feeds for infants with insufficient breast milk supply.However,recent observations have shown an increase in soya cross-allergic reactions among infants with CMA.AIM To determine how often infants diagnosed with CMA also had soya cross-allergy and to examine the symptoms and outcomes of these infants at 2 years of age.METHODS Data from two pediatric centers were analyzed,looking at clinical records of children under 2 years old diagnosed with CMA from August 2015 to July 2023,divided into two four-year periods.RESULTS The records of 432 infants with CMA were analyzed.In the first four-year period from August 2015 to July 2019,142 infants were studied,with 27(19%)found to have soya-protein allergy as well.In the second four-year period,a total of 290 infants were studied,and soya allergy was found in 136 babies(47%).This represents a significant increase(P<0.0001)in cases of soya protein cross-allergy among infants with CMA.The most common symptoms observed were gastroesophageal reflux disorder(39%),followed by failure to thrive,bloody diarrhea,watery diarrhea,and constipation.At 2 years of age,these infants showed significant growth failure compared to infants with CMA only.CONCLUSION In conclusion,this study emphasizes the importance of being cautious when using soy protein in infants with cow's milk protein allergy,especially in areas where cost is a major concern.
文摘What the newly established mediation body in China’s Hong Kong means for Africa In a world fraying under geopoliti-cal tensions,legal asymmetry,and fragmented global governance,the launch of the International Organisation for Mediation(IOMed)in China’s Hong Kong on 30 May is much more than a diplomatic novelty.It is a strategic recalibration of how the Global South,particularly African nations,might resolve disputes without surrendering sovereignty or dignity.
文摘In recent years, the use of new biomarkers in different phases of the diagnosis andtreatment of several diseases has allowed substantial improvement in clinicalpractice. The use of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) in organ transplantationhas led to significant progress in the treatment of post-transplantoutcomes, particularly after kidney transplantation. In addition, the use of ddcfDNAin organ transplantation has led to significant advancements in posttransplantoutcome monitoring. The aim of this study is to review many of therecent studies on the use of this biomarker and to evaluate its most relevantadvantages and limitations. dd-cfDNA is released from several types of cells ofthe transplanted organ, most often from endothelial cells and this happens in thecase of organ damage, most often rejection. Its presence in the bloodstream of therecipients is an important sign of graft damage;its principal advantage is in theavoidance of invasive tools such as renal biopsy. Additionally, several studiesreported that the finding of dd-cfDNA in the serum may precede histologicalabnormalities;its utility in the diagnosis of subclinical rejection is extremelyimportant. Among the principal limitations of this tool are the difficulty in distinguishingdifferent forms of graft damage. According to several studies this toolhas several limitations in diagnosing T-cell mediated rejection. In addition,particular care should be taken in distinguishing dd-cfDNA from recipientderivedcfDNA.
文摘CHINA IOMed Inauguration Ceremony Held The inauguration ceremony of the International Organisation for Mediation(IOMed),headquartered in China’s Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,was held on 20 October,marking a significant milestone in global conflict resolution.The IOMed is the world’s first intergovernmental international legal organisation dedicated to resolving international disputes through mediation.
文摘This study tested a chain mediation model on whether hopelessness and nostalgia play a mediating role in psychache and suicidal ideation of firefighters.A total of 652 firefighters participated in the survey(male=94.94%;mean age=23.71 years,SD=4.18 years).The firefighters completed the Chinese Revised Psychache Scale(PAS),Beck Hopelessness Scale(BHS),Southampton Nostalgia Scale(SNS),and Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale(CSSRS).The path analysis results indicated that psychache positively predicted suicidal ideation.Hopelessness plays a significant mediating role between psychache and suicidal ideation further strengthening this relationship.In contrast,nostalgia mediates and weakened the relationship between psychache and suicidal ideation.Hopelessness and nostalgia jointly constructed a chain mediating effect between psychache and suicidal ideation,for higher suicidal ideation with higher hopelessness and lower nostalgia.The findings align with the Three-Step Theory of Suicide,which proposes that suicidal ideation results from the combination of pain and hopelessness and that connectedness is a key protective factor against escalating ideation.Therefore,interventions to reduce suicidal ideation in firefighters should aim to enhance their nostalgia,while reducing sense of hopelessness.
