The economic relationship between the Dutch and the English was long established by the beginning of the Stuart era. With the accession of James I this situation began to change. The Treaty of London ended almost two ...The economic relationship between the Dutch and the English was long established by the beginning of the Stuart era. With the accession of James I this situation began to change. The Treaty of London ended almost two decades of English military cooperation with the Dutch, and English and Dutch factors in the East Indies began competing not only with the Iberians but with each other. In 1619, representatives of both countries reached an agreement in London for joint access to the spice markets of the East Indies. Despite these efforts of business and government leaders, the Amboyna massacre marked the end of any real chance of Anglo-Dutch cooperation in the East Indies.展开更多
The emotion of hatred is a quite sensitive topic in the history education of the Nanjing Massacre.With what emotions should we study and remember this part of Chinese history? How can we achieve the vision of world pe...The emotion of hatred is a quite sensitive topic in the history education of the Nanjing Massacre.With what emotions should we study and remember this part of Chinese history? How can we achieve the vision of world peace by virtue of the history education of the Nanjing Massacre? All these questions are unavoidable in the practice of history education of the Nanjing Massacre.The emotion of hatred is based on biological instincts developed during our social evolution and it plays a significant part in constructing the historical memory of the Nanjing Massacre,which should never be underestimated.Therefore,rationally understanding the emotion of hatred in the history education of the Nanjing Massacre,and offering correct guidance,is of great significance for remembering and developing a correct view of our history,forming a proper world view,and achieving the fundamental goal of cherishing and maintaining peace.展开更多
The Nanjing Massacre is an unmentionable World War II memory. Haunted by such a typical traumatic memory, the victims of the Nanjing Massacre are experiencing a social identity crisis which is subtle but should by no ...The Nanjing Massacre is an unmentionable World War II memory. Haunted by such a typical traumatic memory, the victims of the Nanjing Massacre are experiencing a social identity crisis which is subtle but should by no means be overlooked. There is no shortage of "national humiliation" arguments lamenting for their misfortune and raging over their servility. Yet at the same time, there are also face-saving attempts to deliberately amplify the Chinese people's resistance during the Massacre. These are all modern representations of the social identity crisis facing the victims of the Nanjing Massacre. 2017 marked the 80 th anniversary of the Nanjing Massacre. Those who have not experienced that holocaust tend to blame the victims' lack of resistance spirit. Fundamentally, such criticism roots in no appropriate access to the real situation of the Nanjing Massacre and the extreme helplessness of those victims in the face of death. The underestimation of the power of extreme situations leads to the above fundamental attribution error. Therefore, China must construct a shared traumatic memory to secure the most extensive possible social identity for the victims of the Nanjing Massacre.展开更多
AT 10 a.m.,December 13, 1937, a group of Japanese soldiers banged at the door of the courtyard of our house. They had broken the defense line of the city of Nanjing and had entered the city from the Zhongshan East Gat...AT 10 a.m.,December 13, 1937, a group of Japanese soldiers banged at the door of the courtyard of our house. They had broken the defense line of the city of Nanjing and had entered the city from the Zhongshan East Gate of the city. Pale with fear, Father looked at our family, my grandparents, my mother, my four sisters, 15, 12, 4 and a baby and me, 9. We shared the courtyard with our neighbor Uncle Ha and his展开更多
Educational institutions are soft targets for the terrorist with massive and defenseless people.In the recent past,numbers of such attacks have been executed around the world.Conducting research,in order to provide a ...Educational institutions are soft targets for the terrorist with massive and defenseless people.In the recent past,numbers of such attacks have been executed around the world.Conducting research,in order to provide a secure environment to the educational institutions is a challenging task.This effort is motivated by recent assaults,made at Army Public School Peshawar,following another attack at Charsada University,Khyber Pukhtun Khwa,Pakistan and also the Santa Fe High School Texas,USA massacre.This study uses the basic technologies of edge computing,cloud computing and IoT to design a smart emergency alarm system framework.IoT is engaged in developing this world smarter,can contribute significantly to design the Smart Security Framework(SSF)for educational institutions.In the emergency situation,all the command and control centres must be informed within seconds to halt or minimize the loss.In this article,the SSF is proposed.This framework works on three layers.The first layer is the sensors and smart devices layer.All these sensors and smart devices are connected to the Emergency Control Room(ECR),which is the second layer of the proposed framework.The second layer uses edge computing technologies to process massive data and information locally.The third layer uses cloud computing techniques to transmit and process data and information to different command and control centres.The proposed system was tested on Cisco Packet Tracer 7.The result shows that this approach can play an efficient role in security alert,not only in the educational institutions but also in other organizations too.展开更多
Tennyson＇s poem ＂Boaidicea＂, published in 1864 but at least conceived in 1858, has never been very highly regarded. It is usually omitted from editions of the complete poetical works. There are two reasons for this...Tennyson＇s poem ＂Boaidicea＂, published in 1864 but at least conceived in 1858, has never been very highly regarded. It is usually omitted from editions of the complete poetical works. There are two reasons for this. Firstly, written in an approximation of Catullan/Callimachan galliambics, it is no easy read. Secondly and more importantly, however, it sits most awkwardly within a huge body of contemporary art -paintings, sculptures, and novels as well as poems which present the （properly） Queen Regent of the Iceni as the spiritual ancestor of Victoria （the Gaelic word boudicca does, after all, men ＂victory＂）. Far from portraying Boadicea （as the name was then commonly spelt from the 18th to themed 20th centuries） as the harbinger of British imperial glory, Tennyson presents her as the half-mad victim of Roman oppression, brutalized by her own experiences into a personal vendetta. I argue that this poem is a riposte to Sir William Thornycroft＇s bronze statue of Boadicea, a symbol of patriotic pride. It was begun at roughly the same time as the poem, both at the behest of Prince Albert; Tennyson would have seen Thornycroft＇s models. In the poem, Tennyson envisions Bo/idicea reducing Colchester and Londonto a red-black stain infested with carrion eaters, and he seems to be asking whether this colour, ironically reflected in the finished statue of the Regent, chariot and horses （she used cavalry and chariots to attack Londinium, after all） is anything like a becoming tribute to Victoria. As for the dating of composition, Tennyson＇s the most likely model for Boaidicea is Lakshmibai, Queen Regent of Jhansi, who, during the Indian Mutiny of late 1857, is reputed to have ordered a massacre of English civilians who were tortured and dismembered in much the same as Boudicca＇s victims. The poem is thus a meditation on the evils inherent in empire building and its effect upon native peoples.展开更多
The publication of Tokyo Trial:Evidence and Judgment of the Nanjing Massacre by the Foreign Languages Press in September is very timely.It has particular relevance in today's global context,marked by increasing ar...The publication of Tokyo Trial:Evidence and Judgment of the Nanjing Massacre by the Foreign Languages Press in September is very timely.It has particular relevance in today's global context,marked by increasing armed conflicts,growing tensions between countries and numerous situations of ethnic and religious persecution.The Nanjing Massacre of winter 1937-38 committed by the Japanese invaders included the killing of more than 300,000 Chinese civilians and unarmed soldiers,the rape of tens of thousands of women,the torture of detainees and the looting and plundering of the population's material goods.展开更多
John Rabe is a recorder of the Nanjing Massacre and a protector of refugees.His diary is recognized as an important historical document from during the Nanjing Massacre.This book utilizes John Rabe's diary manuscr...John Rabe is a recorder of the Nanjing Massacre and a protector of refugees.His diary is recognized as an important historical document from during the Nanjing Massacre.This book utilizes John Rabe's diary manuscripts and related documents provided and authorized by his friends and family,fully ilLustrating John Rabe's thirty years of experience in China,as well as an enduring friendship between four gen erations of the Rabe family and China.It not only records the history of the Nanjing Massacre from multiple perspectives but also interprets the ideological foundati on and emotional basis of John Rabe's heroic actio ns at that time.The book is edited by his gra ndson,Thomas Rabe,who is a recipie nt of the Chin ese Govemment Friendship Award.展开更多
China's summer box office champion,Dead to Rights,is a film about the Nanjing Massacre committed by invading Japanese troops.Set in December 1937,the story follows a group of ordinary Nanjing residents who,while h...China's summer box office champion,Dead to Rights,is a film about the Nanjing Massacre committed by invading Japanese troops.Set in December 1937,the story follows a group of ordinary Nanjing residents who,while hiding in a photo studio,risk their lives to secretly transport photographs taken by a Japanese military photographer out of the city.Those photos captured the atrocities committed by the Imperial Japanese Army after the city fell.展开更多
Solemn music filled the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province in east China,on the morning of August 15.Two rows of people stood in silence to lay wreaths an...Solemn music filled the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province in east China,on the morning of August 15.Two rows of people stood in silence to lay wreaths and pay tribute to the victims of the massacre.They are participants in an event titled Truths of the Past,Voices of the Present,held after the memorial ceremony on that day to present published research on the Nanjing Massacre and deepen understanding of history.展开更多
文摘The economic relationship between the Dutch and the English was long established by the beginning of the Stuart era. With the accession of James I this situation began to change. The Treaty of London ended almost two decades of English military cooperation with the Dutch, and English and Dutch factors in the East Indies began competing not only with the Iberians but with each other. In 1619, representatives of both countries reached an agreement in London for joint access to the spice markets of the East Indies. Despite these efforts of business and government leaders, the Amboyna massacre marked the end of any real chance of Anglo-Dutch cooperation in the East Indies.
基金a phased achievement of the “Research on World Cultural Diversity and Cultural Dialogue,” a youth program(13CGJ010)under the National Social Science of China
文摘The emotion of hatred is a quite sensitive topic in the history education of the Nanjing Massacre.With what emotions should we study and remember this part of Chinese history? How can we achieve the vision of world peace by virtue of the history education of the Nanjing Massacre? All these questions are unavoidable in the practice of history education of the Nanjing Massacre.The emotion of hatred is based on biological instincts developed during our social evolution and it plays a significant part in constructing the historical memory of the Nanjing Massacre,which should never be underestimated.Therefore,rationally understanding the emotion of hatred in the history education of the Nanjing Massacre,and offering correct guidance,is of great significance for remembering and developing a correct view of our history,forming a proper world view,and achieving the fundamental goal of cherishing and maintaining peace.
基金a staged research result of"Studies on Global Cultural Diversity and Cultural Dialogue"(13CGJ010)-a youth program founded by the National Social Sciences Fund
文摘The Nanjing Massacre is an unmentionable World War II memory. Haunted by such a typical traumatic memory, the victims of the Nanjing Massacre are experiencing a social identity crisis which is subtle but should by no means be overlooked. There is no shortage of "national humiliation" arguments lamenting for their misfortune and raging over their servility. Yet at the same time, there are also face-saving attempts to deliberately amplify the Chinese people's resistance during the Massacre. These are all modern representations of the social identity crisis facing the victims of the Nanjing Massacre. 2017 marked the 80 th anniversary of the Nanjing Massacre. Those who have not experienced that holocaust tend to blame the victims' lack of resistance spirit. Fundamentally, such criticism roots in no appropriate access to the real situation of the Nanjing Massacre and the extreme helplessness of those victims in the face of death. The underestimation of the power of extreme situations leads to the above fundamental attribution error. Therefore, China must construct a shared traumatic memory to secure the most extensive possible social identity for the victims of the Nanjing Massacre.
文摘AT 10 a.m.,December 13, 1937, a group of Japanese soldiers banged at the door of the courtyard of our house. They had broken the defense line of the city of Nanjing and had entered the city from the Zhongshan East Gate of the city. Pale with fear, Father looked at our family, my grandparents, my mother, my four sisters, 15, 12, 4 and a baby and me, 9. We shared the courtyard with our neighbor Uncle Ha and his
文摘Educational institutions are soft targets for the terrorist with massive and defenseless people.In the recent past,numbers of such attacks have been executed around the world.Conducting research,in order to provide a secure environment to the educational institutions is a challenging task.This effort is motivated by recent assaults,made at Army Public School Peshawar,following another attack at Charsada University,Khyber Pukhtun Khwa,Pakistan and also the Santa Fe High School Texas,USA massacre.This study uses the basic technologies of edge computing,cloud computing and IoT to design a smart emergency alarm system framework.IoT is engaged in developing this world smarter,can contribute significantly to design the Smart Security Framework(SSF)for educational institutions.In the emergency situation,all the command and control centres must be informed within seconds to halt or minimize the loss.In this article,the SSF is proposed.This framework works on three layers.The first layer is the sensors and smart devices layer.All these sensors and smart devices are connected to the Emergency Control Room(ECR),which is the second layer of the proposed framework.The second layer uses edge computing technologies to process massive data and information locally.The third layer uses cloud computing techniques to transmit and process data and information to different command and control centres.The proposed system was tested on Cisco Packet Tracer 7.The result shows that this approach can play an efficient role in security alert,not only in the educational institutions but also in other organizations too.
文摘Tennyson＇s poem ＂Boaidicea＂, published in 1864 but at least conceived in 1858, has never been very highly regarded. It is usually omitted from editions of the complete poetical works. There are two reasons for this. Firstly, written in an approximation of Catullan/Callimachan galliambics, it is no easy read. Secondly and more importantly, however, it sits most awkwardly within a huge body of contemporary art -paintings, sculptures, and novels as well as poems which present the （properly） Queen Regent of the Iceni as the spiritual ancestor of Victoria （the Gaelic word boudicca does, after all, men ＂victory＂）. Far from portraying Boadicea （as the name was then commonly spelt from the 18th to themed 20th centuries） as the harbinger of British imperial glory, Tennyson presents her as the half-mad victim of Roman oppression, brutalized by her own experiences into a personal vendetta. I argue that this poem is a riposte to Sir William Thornycroft＇s bronze statue of Boadicea, a symbol of patriotic pride. It was begun at roughly the same time as the poem, both at the behest of Prince Albert; Tennyson would have seen Thornycroft＇s models. In the poem, Tennyson envisions Bo/idicea reducing Colchester and Londonto a red-black stain infested with carrion eaters, and he seems to be asking whether this colour, ironically reflected in the finished statue of the Regent, chariot and horses （she used cavalry and chariots to attack Londinium, after all） is anything like a becoming tribute to Victoria. As for the dating of composition, Tennyson＇s the most likely model for Boaidicea is Lakshmibai, Queen Regent of Jhansi, who, during the Indian Mutiny of late 1857, is reputed to have ordered a massacre of English civilians who were tortured and dismembered in much the same as Boudicca＇s victims. The poem is thus a meditation on the evils inherent in empire building and its effect upon native peoples.
文摘The publication of Tokyo Trial:Evidence and Judgment of the Nanjing Massacre by the Foreign Languages Press in September is very timely.It has particular relevance in today's global context,marked by increasing armed conflicts,growing tensions between countries and numerous situations of ethnic and religious persecution.The Nanjing Massacre of winter 1937-38 committed by the Japanese invaders included the killing of more than 300,000 Chinese civilians and unarmed soldiers,the rape of tens of thousands of women,the torture of detainees and the looting and plundering of the population's material goods.
文摘John Rabe is a recorder of the Nanjing Massacre and a protector of refugees.His diary is recognized as an important historical document from during the Nanjing Massacre.This book utilizes John Rabe's diary manuscripts and related documents provided and authorized by his friends and family,fully ilLustrating John Rabe's thirty years of experience in China,as well as an enduring friendship between four gen erations of the Rabe family and China.It not only records the history of the Nanjing Massacre from multiple perspectives but also interprets the ideological foundati on and emotional basis of John Rabe's heroic actio ns at that time.The book is edited by his gra ndson,Thomas Rabe,who is a recipie nt of the Chin ese Govemment Friendship Award.
文摘China's summer box office champion,Dead to Rights,is a film about the Nanjing Massacre committed by invading Japanese troops.Set in December 1937,the story follows a group of ordinary Nanjing residents who,while hiding in a photo studio,risk their lives to secretly transport photographs taken by a Japanese military photographer out of the city.Those photos captured the atrocities committed by the Imperial Japanese Army after the city fell.
文摘Solemn music filled the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province in east China,on the morning of August 15.Two rows of people stood in silence to lay wreaths and pay tribute to the victims of the massacre.They are participants in an event titled Truths of the Past,Voices of the Present,held after the memorial ceremony on that day to present published research on the Nanjing Massacre and deepen understanding of history.
