As climate change,international trade,and human activities increasingly disrupt traditional geographic barriers in the oceans,non-indigenous species(NIS)have successfully established themselves outside their native ra...As climate change,international trade,and human activities increasingly disrupt traditional geographic barriers in the oceans,non-indigenous species(NIS)have successfully established themselves outside their native ranges.Outbreaks of NIS can pose significant threats to local ecosystems and economies,making them a critical issue for marine biodiversity and biosecurity.Biological invasions in marine habitats differ significantly from those on land or in freshwater.Detection and identification of NIS in marine habitats is particularly challenging due to difficulties in sampling,morphological identification,and visualization in the early stages of outbreaks.Environmental DNA(eDNA)approaches have emerged as reliable and cost-effective methods for both qualitative and quantitative detection of marine NIS,particularly in the introductory phase.In this review,we summarize recent applications and advances in eDNA-based detection of marine NIS.We emphasize that innovations in eDNA sampling equipment,improvements in detection methods,and further refinement of the reference genomic database for marine species are crucial for the future development of this field.展开更多
With the increasing exploration of oil and gas into deep waters,the necessity for material development increases for lighter conduits such as composite marine risers,in the oil and gas industry.To understand the resea...With the increasing exploration of oil and gas into deep waters,the necessity for material development increases for lighter conduits such as composite marine risers,in the oil and gas industry.To understand the research knowledge on this novel area,there is a need to have a bibliometric analysis on composite marine risers.A research methodology was developed whereby the data retrieval was from SCOPUS database from 1977–2023.Then,VOSviewer was used to visualize the knowledge maps.This study focuses on the progress made by conducting knowledge mapping and scientometric review on composite marine risers.This scientometric analysis on the subject shows current advances,geographical activities by countries,authorship records,collaborations,funders,affiiliations,co‑occurrences,and future research areas.It was observed that the research trends recorded the highest publication volume in the U.S.A.,but less cluster affiiliated,as it was followed by countries like the U.K.,China,Nigeria,Australia and Singapore.Also,thisfiield has more conference papers than journal papers due to the challenge of adaptability,acceptance,qualifiication,and application of composite marine risers in the marine industry.Hence,there is a need for more collaborations on composite marine risers and more funding to enhance the research trend.展开更多
Marine pollution is a well-recognized phenomenon that has many negative effects on the marine environment.The effects of marine pollution are due to the discharge of hazardous materials,toxins,or other pollutants into...Marine pollution is a well-recognized phenomenon that has many negative effects on the marine environment.The effects of marine pollution are due to the discharge of hazardous materials,toxins,or other pollutants into the marine environment,which includes seas,estuaries,oceans,and other water bodies,and this unwanted input affects the blue economy.The blue economy,which includes industries and research associated with marine and ocean resources,is often affected by marine pollution on multiple levels,such as economic costs,direct resource impacts,health risks,and infrastructure damage.In one report,the pollution-related issues in many countries were estimated at 9 t/inh and clean-up costs between$12 to$160/t.More extensive pollution mitigation projects might take up to 15 years to conclude and cost up to$500/t.To better understand the role of marine pollution and its impact on the blue economy,some key parameters are discussed as follows:the role of biofouling,volatile organic compounds,the impact of metals,anionic pollutants,and antifouling coatings.The review findings also highlight the impact of marine pollution on ecosystems and associated economic activities,which could be reduced through measures such as better international cooperation,waste management,and the development of sustainable practices.Related information on the strategies and policies that could be adopted for sustainable blue economy are stated after each section.展开更多
The use of antifouling agents is suggested to be a promising method for protecting oceanic instruments from biological contamination.We developed a novel antifouling material doped with capsaicin(CAP)as a filler and m...The use of antifouling agents is suggested to be a promising method for protecting oceanic instruments from biological contamination.We developed a novel antifouling material doped with capsaicin(CAP)as a filler and montmorillonite(MMT)as a carrier for the practical application of CTD(conductivity,temperature,depth)protection.The optimal parameters for preparing the material were established,and the obtained material achieved the maximum CAP loading capacity of 32.74%.The proposed material exhibited great release properties in acidic environments,which is beneficial for reducing bacterial attachment.Furthermore,the optimal conditions(temperature,flow rate,and pressure in the aquatic environment)for a better release rate of the material were determined through a series of simulation tests in lab.It provided good guidance and basis for practical application of the material.The CAP@MMT composite showed excellent efficiency and effectiveness in preventing the attachment of microorganisms during the four-month marine field tests.In the subsequent experiments,the great properties of the antifouling material were further confirmed by retesting the conductivity of four instruments participating in marine field tests.The measuring errors of CTD protected by the antifouling material are both within 0.01 mS/cm,which is far lower than that of the other two instruments.展开更多
A story of how east China’s Zhejiang Province protects and develops its big sea area.DRIVEN by the highly potential“blue market,”China’s coastal provinces are now taking measures to promote marine economy developm...A story of how east China’s Zhejiang Province protects and develops its big sea area.DRIVEN by the highly potential“blue market,”China’s coastal provinces are now taking measures to promote marine economy development.展开更多
Low iron content is a peculiar feature of marine ecosystems,where microbes have to produce iron-chelating molecules such as siderophores to survive.Very little is known about siderophore-producing bacteria in the ocea...Low iron content is a peculiar feature of marine ecosystems,where microbes have to produce iron-chelating molecules such as siderophores to survive.Very little is known about siderophore-producing bacteria in the oceans.In this study,we screened 1546 strains from marine seawater and sediments,which were deposited in the Marine Culture Collection of China(MCCC),and further analyzed the diversity of positive strains and their potential genes related to iron acquisition.Of the 1546 isolates,856 strains(55.37%)showed positive siderophore-producing activity on the Chrome Azurol Sulfonate(CAS)plates.Among these,isolates from seawater environments had a higher positive proportion(535).Some genera showed a higher proportion(>70%)of positive siderophore producers,such as Alteromonas(89/112),Marinobacter(78/109),Vibrio(21/27),Shewanella(7/8)in the Gammaproteobacteria,Sulfitobacter(17/21),Martelella(5/6)in the Alphaproteobacteria,and Joostella(6/7)in the phylum Bacteroidetes.Siderophore biosynthesis genes,including those for vanchrobactin,vibrioferrin,petrobactin,and aerobactin,as well as transport and iron storage proteins,were also identified in the positive bacterial genomes.The study revealed that a variety of bacterial strains demonstrate the production of siderophores,which could significantly contribute to the iron cycle within marine ecosystems,encompassing both seawater and marine sediments.展开更多
Weathering steel exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and is widely used in bridges,towers,railways,highways,and other engineering projects that are exposed to the atmosphere for long periods of time.However,before...Weathering steel exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and is widely used in bridges,towers,railways,highways,and other engineering projects that are exposed to the atmosphere for long periods of time.However,before the formation of stable rust layers,weathering steel is prone to liquid rust sagging and spattering,leading to environmental pollution and city appearance concerns.These factors limit the application and development of weathering steel.In this study,a rapid and environmentally friendly method was de-veloped by introducing alloying elements,specifically investigating the role of Sn in the rapid stabilization of rust layers in marine atmo-spheric environments.The rust layer formed on weathering low-alloy steel exposed to prolonged outdoor conditions and laboratory im-mersion experiments was explored using electron probe micro-analyzer(EPMA),micro-Raman,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and electrochemical measurements.Results showed an optimal synergistic effect between Sn and Cr,which facilitated the accelerated densification of the rust layer.This beneficial effect enhanced the capability of the rust layer to resist Cl^(-)erosion and improved the protec-tion performance of the rust layer.展开更多
Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitatio...Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.展开更多
A remarkable marine heatwave,known as the“Blob”,occurred in the Northeast Pacific Ocean from late 2013 to early 2016,which displayed strong warm anomalies extending from the surface to a depth of 300 m.This study em...A remarkable marine heatwave,known as the“Blob”,occurred in the Northeast Pacific Ocean from late 2013 to early 2016,which displayed strong warm anomalies extending from the surface to a depth of 300 m.This study employed two assimilation schemes based on the global Climate Forecast System of Nanjing University of Information Science(NUIST-CFS 1.0)to investigate the impact of ocean data assimilation on the seasonal prediction of this extreme marine heatwave.The sea surface temperature(SST)nudging scheme assimilates SST only,while the deterministic ensemble Kalman filter(EnKF)scheme assimilates observations from the surface to the deep ocean.The latter notably improves the forecasting skill for subsurface temperature anomalies,especially at the depth of 100-300 m(the lower layer),outperforming the SST nudging scheme.It excels in predicting both horizontal and vertical heat transport in the lower layer,contributing to improved forecasts of the lower-layer warming during the Blob.These improvements stem from the assimilation of subsurface observational data,which are important in predicting the upper-ocean conditions.The results suggest that assimilating ocean data with the EnKF scheme significantly enhances the accuracy in predicting subsurface temperature anomalies during the Blob and offers better understanding of its underlying mechanisms.展开更多
Misfire is a common fault in compression ignition engines,characterized by the absence or flame loss due to insufficient fuel in the cylinders.This fault is difficult to diagnose and resolve due to its multiple potent...Misfire is a common fault in compression ignition engines,characterized by the absence or flame loss due to insufficient fuel in the cylinders.This fault is difficult to diagnose and resolve due to its multiple potential causes.This study focuses on identifying misfires in a 12-cylinder V-type marine diesel engine by analyzing vibration data collected from 15 accelerometers mounted on the engine block.Three machine learning algorithms—K-Nearest Neighbors(K-NNs),support vector machines(SVMs),and random forests(RFs)—were employed to classify engine conditions using 18 time-domain features.Results showed that the K-NN,SVM and RF algorithms achieved F1 scores of 99.87%,100%,and 99.87%,respectively,when using 18 time-domain features and all 15 accelerometers mounted on the engine block.Additionally,the study evaluated classification performance while reducing the number of accelerometers and features using two methods:Relief-F and general combinatory analysis(GCA).Although the GCA method yields better results when using only two accelerometers and nine features for misfire classification,its overall process required substantially more computational time compared to Relief-F.The best result obtained with Relief-F was achieved using 3 accelerometers and 18 features.Therefore,Relief-F proved to be more practical and take less overall computational time within the proposed framework.展开更多
Understanding the adsorption behaviors of the radionuclides^(210)Pb,^(210)Bi,and^(210)Po onto marine particles is crucial for their utilization as tracers in investigating marine particle dynamics and associated bioge...Understanding the adsorption behaviors of the radionuclides^(210)Pb,^(210)Bi,and^(210)Po onto marine particles is crucial for their utilization as tracers in investigating marine particle dynamics and associated biogeochemical processes.This study systematically examines the influence of varying adsorption durations on the adsorption and fractionation patterns of these radionuclides onto both inorganic mineral substrates[calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3)),silica(SiO_(2)),montmorillonite(MMT),and oyster shell whitening(OSW)]and natural organic matter components[bovine serum albumin(BSA),humic acid(HA),and acid polysaccharide(APS)]through controlled laboratory simulations.The results revealed that in single-mineral particle systems,the fractionation factor(FPo/Pb)consistently exceeds unity,with a diminishing fractionation effect observed over extended adsorption periods.For SiO_(2)and MMT,the FBi/Pb ratio was greater than 1,whereas for in OSW,the FBi/Pb ratio was less than 1.In CaCO_(3),FBi/Pb transitioned from less than 1 to greater than 1 with prolonged adsorption time.The introduction of organic matter components significantly modulates the distributions of^(210)Pb,^(210)Bi,and^(210)Po on mineral particles.In the CaCO_(3)system,the addition of HA diminishes^(210)Pb adsorption onto CaCO_(3)particles.The addition of BSA enhances the fractionation of Po and Pb,whereas the addition of APS initially weakens but subsequently strengthens the fractionation of Po and Pb.Therefore,this study highlights the potential application of the^(210)Bi-^(210)Pb nuclide pair for estimating the output flux of particulate organic carbon(POC)during silica blooms.展开更多
In the heart of southern China,Nanning is set to host the 22nd China-ASEAN Expo(CAEXPO)from September 17 to 21,again turning the city into a global hub for trade,innovation,and economic cooperation.This year marks the...In the heart of southern China,Nanning is set to host the 22nd China-ASEAN Expo(CAEXPO)from September 17 to 21,again turning the city into a global hub for trade,innovation,and economic cooperation.This year marks the beginning of a new chapter in regional collaboration with the debut of the Blue Economy Pavilion—an exhibition space dedicated to the fast-growing and increasingly crucial marine economy.展开更多
The rapid expansion of Internet of Things(IoT)networks has introduced challenges in network management,primarily in maintaining energy efficiency and robust connectivity across an increasing array of devices.This pape...The rapid expansion of Internet of Things(IoT)networks has introduced challenges in network management,primarily in maintaining energy efficiency and robust connectivity across an increasing array of devices.This paper introduces the Adaptive Blended Marine Predators Algorithm(AB-MPA),a novel optimization technique designed to enhance Quality of Service(QoS)in IoT systems by dynamically optimizing network configurations for improved energy efficiency and stability.Our results represent significant improvements in network performance metrics such as energy consumption,throughput,and operational stability,indicating that AB-MPA effectively addresses the pressing needs ofmodern IoT environments.Nodes are initiated with 100 J of stored energy,and energy is consumed at 0.01 J per square meter in each node to emphasize energy-efficient networks.The algorithm also provides sufficient network lifetime extension to a resourceful 7000 cycles for up to 200 nodes with a maximum Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR)of 99% and a robust network throughput of up to 1800 kbps in more compact node configurations.This study proposes a viable solution to a critical problem and opens avenues for further research into scalable network management for diverse applications.展开更多
Recently,ship detection technology has been applied extensively in the marine security monitoring field.However,achieving accurate marine ship detection still poses significant challenges due to factors such as varyin...Recently,ship detection technology has been applied extensively in the marine security monitoring field.However,achieving accurate marine ship detection still poses significant challenges due to factors such as varying scales,slightly occluded objects,uneven illumination,and sea clutter.To address these issues,we propose a novel ship detection approach,i.e.,the Twin Feature Pyramid Network and Data Augmentation(TFPN-DA),which mainly consists of three modules.First,to eliminate the negative effects of slightly occluded objects and uneven illumination,we propose the Spatial Attention within the Twin Feature Pyramid Network(SA-TFPN)method,which is based on spatial attention to reconstruct the feature pyramid.Second,the ROI Feature Module(ROIFM)is introduced into the SA-TFPN,which is used to enhance specific crucial details from multi-scale features for object regression and classification.Additionally,data augmentation strategies such as spatial affine transformation and noise processing,are developed to optimize the data sample distribution.A self-construct dataset is used to train the detection model,and the experiments conducted on the dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our model.展开更多
Marine natural products have long been recognized as a vast and diverse source of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications,particularly in oncology.This review provides an updated overview of the si...Marine natural products have long been recognized as a vast and diverse source of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications,particularly in oncology.This review provides an updated overview of the significant advances made in the discovery and development of marine-derived anticancer drugs between 2019 and 2023.With a focus on recent research findings,the review explores the rich biodiversity of marine organisms,including sponges,corals,algae,and microorganisms,which have yielded numerous compounds exhibiting promising anticancer properties.Emphasizing the multifaceted mechanisms of action,the review discusses the molecular targets and pathways targeted by these compounds,such as cell cycle regulation,apoptosis induction,angiogenesis inhibition,and modulation of signaling pathways.Additionally,the review highlights the innovative strategies employed in the isolation,structural elucidation,and chemical modification of marine natural products to enhance their potency,selectivity,and pharmacological properties.Furthermore,it addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the development of marine-derived anticancer drugs,including issues related to supply,sustainability,synthesis,and clinical translation.Finally,the review underscores the immense potential of marine natural products as a valuable reservoir of novel anticancer agents and advocates for continued exploration and exploitation of the marine environment to address the unmet medical needs in cancer therapy.展开更多
The large-scale use of ample marine energy will be one of the most important ways for human to achieve sustainable development through carbon neutral development plans.As a burgeoning technological method for electrom...The large-scale use of ample marine energy will be one of the most important ways for human to achieve sustainable development through carbon neutral development plans.As a burgeoning technological method for electromechanical conversion,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)has significant advantages in marine energy for its low weight,cost-effectiveness,and high efficiency in low-frequency range.It can realize the efficient and economical harvesting of low-frequency blue energy by constructing the floating marine energy harvesting TENG.This paper firstly introduces the power transfer process and structural composition of TENG for marine energy harvesting in detail.In addition,the latest research works of TENG on marine energy harvesting in basic research and structural design are systematically reviewed by category.Finally,the advanced research progress in the power take-off types and engineering study of TENG with the marine energy are comprehensively generalized.Importantly,the challenges and problems faced by TENG in marine energy and in situ electrochemical application are summarized and the corresponding prospects and suggestions are proposed for the subsequent development direction and prospects to look forward to promoting the commercialization process of this field.展开更多
In recent years, with the development of technologies such as the Internet of Things(Io T), big data and cloud computing, digital twin technology has gradually been applied in marine research. The digital twin realize...In recent years, with the development of technologies such as the Internet of Things(Io T), big data and cloud computing, digital twin technology has gradually been applied in marine research. The digital twin realizes real-time monitoring, analysis and optimization of the state and behavior of a physical object or system by creating a virtual model. Research shows that digital twin technology has extensive application potential in ship design, marine resource development, marine equipment engineering design and optimization, marine ecological protection and early warning of disasters. Although digital twin technology has great potential in marine research, it also faces many challenges, including the complexity of data acquisition and processing, the accuracy and real-time performance of model construction, and the need for multidisciplinary cross-integration. An in-depth analysis of the technical bottlenecks and future development directions will provide an important reference for subsequent research and promote the further application and development of digital twin technology in marine research.展开更多
Aiming at the problems of insufficient feature extraction ability for small targets,complex image background,and low detection accuracy in marine life detection,this paper proposes a marine life detection algorithm SG...Aiming at the problems of insufficient feature extraction ability for small targets,complex image background,and low detection accuracy in marine life detection,this paper proposes a marine life detection algorithm SGW-YOLOv8 based on the improvement of YOLOv8.First,the Adaptive Fine-Grained Channel Attention(FCA)module is fused with the backbone layer of the YOLOv8 network to improve the feature extraction ability of the model.This paper uses the YOLOv8 network backbone layer to improve the feature extraction capability of the model.Second,the Efficient Multi-Scale Attention(C2f_EMA)module is replaced with the C2f module in the Neck layer of the network to improve the detection performance of the model for small underwater targets.Finally,the loss function is optimized to Weighted Intersection over Union(WIoU)to replace the original loss function,so that the model is better adapted to the target detection task in the complex ocean background.The improved algorithm has been experimented with on the Underwater Robot Picking Contest(URPC)dataset,and the results show that the improved algorithm achieves a detection accuracy of 84.5,which is 2.3%higher than that before the improvement,and at the same time,it can accurately detect the small-target marine organisms and adapts to the task of detecting marine organisms in various complex environments.展开更多
Tunisia’s coastal alluvial plains are fragile areas exposed to occasional disturbances(including storms,submersion,and floods)and serious imbalances,such as rising sea level,erosion,and salinisation of soils.Their se...Tunisia’s coastal alluvial plains are fragile areas exposed to occasional disturbances(including storms,submersion,and floods)and serious imbalances,such as rising sea level,erosion,and salinisation of soils.Their sensitivity tends to increase under the impact of strong anthropogenic pressures:population growth,rapid urbanisation,and concentration of economic activities.With the acceleration of climate change and the associated rise in sea level,these areas are facing a new challenge.At the interface between land and sea,scattered across these coastal alluvial plains are wetlands that are predisposed to marine submersion due to a combination of factors.Diachronic analysis of cartographic documents has made it possible to produce geodynamic maps.These were used in the current study to assess sea level rise and flooding,as well as their impact on the future development of coastal alluvial plains,particularly during exceptional weather and sea conditions.The findings show that a poor understanding of the mechanisms specific to these environments has often resulted in short-sighted sectoral approaches to land use planning.Sabkhas and lagoons alone account for more than half of all submerged areas.Coastal wetland ecosystems will be threatened by changes in living conditions,as the rather saline biocenosis will be transformed into a euryhaline lagoon biocenosis.展开更多
Based on large-field rock thin section scanning,high-resolution field emission-scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),fluorescence spectroscopy,and rock pyrolysis experiments of the Mesoproterozoic Jixianian Hongshuizhu...Based on large-field rock thin section scanning,high-resolution field emission-scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),fluorescence spectroscopy,and rock pyrolysis experiments of the Mesoproterozoic Jixianian Hongshuizhuang Formation shale samples from the Yanliao Basin in northern China,combined with sedimentary forward modeling,a systematic petrological and organic geochemical study was conducted on the reservoir quality,oil-bearing potential,distribution,and resource potential of the Hongshuizhuang Formation shale in Well Yuanji-2.The results indicate that:(1)The original organic carbon content of the Hongshuizhuang Formation shale averages up to 6.24%,and the original hydrocarbon generation potential is as high as 44.09 mg/g,demonstrating a strong oil generation potential.(2)The rock type is primarily siliceous shale containing low clay mineral content,characterized by the development of shale bedding fractures and organic shrinkage fractures,resulting in good compressibility and reservoir quality.(3)The fifth and fourth members of the Hongshuizhuang Formation serve as shale oil sweet spots,contributing more than 60%of shale oil production with their total thickness as only 40%of the target formation.(4)The Kuancheng-Laozhuanghu area is the most prospective shale oil exploration option in the Yanliao Basin and covers approximately 7200 km^(2).Its original total hydrocarbon generation potential reaches about 74.11 billion tons,with current estimated retained shale oil resources exceeding 1.148 billion tons(lower limit)–comparable to the geological resources of the Permian Lucaogou Formation shale oil in the Jimsar Sag of the Junggar Basin.These findings demonstrate the robust exploration potential of the Hongshuizhuang Formation shale oil in the Yanliao Basin.展开更多
文摘As climate change,international trade,and human activities increasingly disrupt traditional geographic barriers in the oceans,non-indigenous species(NIS)have successfully established themselves outside their native ranges.Outbreaks of NIS can pose significant threats to local ecosystems and economies,making them a critical issue for marine biodiversity and biosecurity.Biological invasions in marine habitats differ significantly from those on land or in freshwater.Detection and identification of NIS in marine habitats is particularly challenging due to difficulties in sampling,morphological identification,and visualization in the early stages of outbreaks.Environmental DNA(eDNA)approaches have emerged as reliable and cost-effective methods for both qualitative and quantitative detection of marine NIS,particularly in the introductory phase.In this review,we summarize recent applications and advances in eDNA-based detection of marine NIS.We emphasize that innovations in eDNA sampling equipment,improvements in detection methods,and further refinement of the reference genomic database for marine species are crucial for the future development of this field.
基金support of the School of Engineering,Lancaster University,UK,for the Engineering Department Studentship as well as the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)’s Doctoral Training Centre(DTC)。
文摘With the increasing exploration of oil and gas into deep waters,the necessity for material development increases for lighter conduits such as composite marine risers,in the oil and gas industry.To understand the research knowledge on this novel area,there is a need to have a bibliometric analysis on composite marine risers.A research methodology was developed whereby the data retrieval was from SCOPUS database from 1977–2023.Then,VOSviewer was used to visualize the knowledge maps.This study focuses on the progress made by conducting knowledge mapping and scientometric review on composite marine risers.This scientometric analysis on the subject shows current advances,geographical activities by countries,authorship records,collaborations,funders,affiiliations,co‑occurrences,and future research areas.It was observed that the research trends recorded the highest publication volume in the U.S.A.,but less cluster affiiliated,as it was followed by countries like the U.K.,China,Nigeria,Australia and Singapore.Also,thisfiield has more conference papers than journal papers due to the challenge of adaptability,acceptance,qualifiication,and application of composite marine risers in the marine industry.Hence,there is a need for more collaborations on composite marine risers and more funding to enhance the research trend.
基金Supported by the President’s International Fellowship Initiative of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2024 PVC 0010)。
文摘Marine pollution is a well-recognized phenomenon that has many negative effects on the marine environment.The effects of marine pollution are due to the discharge of hazardous materials,toxins,or other pollutants into the marine environment,which includes seas,estuaries,oceans,and other water bodies,and this unwanted input affects the blue economy.The blue economy,which includes industries and research associated with marine and ocean resources,is often affected by marine pollution on multiple levels,such as economic costs,direct resource impacts,health risks,and infrastructure damage.In one report,the pollution-related issues in many countries were estimated at 9 t/inh and clean-up costs between$12 to$160/t.More extensive pollution mitigation projects might take up to 15 years to conclude and cost up to$500/t.To better understand the role of marine pollution and its impact on the blue economy,some key parameters are discussed as follows:the role of biofouling,volatile organic compounds,the impact of metals,anionic pollutants,and antifouling coatings.The review findings also highlight the impact of marine pollution on ecosystems and associated economic activities,which could be reduced through measures such as better international cooperation,waste management,and the development of sustainable practices.Related information on the strategies and policies that could be adopted for sustainable blue economy are stated after each section.
基金supported by the directional Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation Technology,MNR(No.2021KlootB06)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271341)。
文摘The use of antifouling agents is suggested to be a promising method for protecting oceanic instruments from biological contamination.We developed a novel antifouling material doped with capsaicin(CAP)as a filler and montmorillonite(MMT)as a carrier for the practical application of CTD(conductivity,temperature,depth)protection.The optimal parameters for preparing the material were established,and the obtained material achieved the maximum CAP loading capacity of 32.74%.The proposed material exhibited great release properties in acidic environments,which is beneficial for reducing bacterial attachment.Furthermore,the optimal conditions(temperature,flow rate,and pressure in the aquatic environment)for a better release rate of the material were determined through a series of simulation tests in lab.It provided good guidance and basis for practical application of the material.The CAP@MMT composite showed excellent efficiency and effectiveness in preventing the attachment of microorganisms during the four-month marine field tests.In the subsequent experiments,the great properties of the antifouling material were further confirmed by retesting the conductivity of four instruments participating in marine field tests.The measuring errors of CTD protected by the antifouling material are both within 0.01 mS/cm,which is far lower than that of the other two instruments.
文摘A story of how east China’s Zhejiang Province protects and develops its big sea area.DRIVEN by the highly potential“blue market,”China’s coastal provinces are now taking measures to promote marine economy development.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contact No.2021YFF0501304the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China under contact No.3502Z20227244the Scientific Research Foundation of the Third Institute of Oceanography,MNR under contact Nos 2019021 and 2022009.
文摘Low iron content is a peculiar feature of marine ecosystems,where microbes have to produce iron-chelating molecules such as siderophores to survive.Very little is known about siderophore-producing bacteria in the oceans.In this study,we screened 1546 strains from marine seawater and sediments,which were deposited in the Marine Culture Collection of China(MCCC),and further analyzed the diversity of positive strains and their potential genes related to iron acquisition.Of the 1546 isolates,856 strains(55.37%)showed positive siderophore-producing activity on the Chrome Azurol Sulfonate(CAS)plates.Among these,isolates from seawater environments had a higher positive proportion(535).Some genera showed a higher proportion(>70%)of positive siderophore producers,such as Alteromonas(89/112),Marinobacter(78/109),Vibrio(21/27),Shewanella(7/8)in the Gammaproteobacteria,Sulfitobacter(17/21),Martelella(5/6)in the Alphaproteobacteria,and Joostella(6/7)in the phylum Bacteroidetes.Siderophore biosynthesis genes,including those for vanchrobactin,vibrioferrin,petrobactin,and aerobactin,as well as transport and iron storage proteins,were also identified in the positive bacterial genomes.The study revealed that a variety of bacterial strains demonstrate the production of siderophores,which could significantly contribute to the iron cycle within marine ecosystems,encompassing both seawater and marine sediments.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52171063).
文摘Weathering steel exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and is widely used in bridges,towers,railways,highways,and other engineering projects that are exposed to the atmosphere for long periods of time.However,before the formation of stable rust layers,weathering steel is prone to liquid rust sagging and spattering,leading to environmental pollution and city appearance concerns.These factors limit the application and development of weathering steel.In this study,a rapid and environmentally friendly method was de-veloped by introducing alloying elements,specifically investigating the role of Sn in the rapid stabilization of rust layers in marine atmo-spheric environments.The rust layer formed on weathering low-alloy steel exposed to prolonged outdoor conditions and laboratory im-mersion experiments was explored using electron probe micro-analyzer(EPMA),micro-Raman,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and electrochemical measurements.Results showed an optimal synergistic effect between Sn and Cr,which facilitated the accelerated densification of the rust layer.This beneficial effect enhanced the capability of the rust layer to resist Cl^(-)erosion and improved the protec-tion performance of the rust layer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52003148 and 52261045)the State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University(No.MRUKF2021023)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBGY-475)the Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province(No.22JS003)the Industrialization Project of the State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment(Cultivation)of Qinba Region(No.SXC-2310)the key cultivation project funds of Shaanxi University of Technology(No.SLGKYXM2201).
文摘Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 42030605]the National Key R&D Program of China [grant number 2020YFA0608004]。
文摘A remarkable marine heatwave,known as the“Blob”,occurred in the Northeast Pacific Ocean from late 2013 to early 2016,which displayed strong warm anomalies extending from the surface to a depth of 300 m.This study employed two assimilation schemes based on the global Climate Forecast System of Nanjing University of Information Science(NUIST-CFS 1.0)to investigate the impact of ocean data assimilation on the seasonal prediction of this extreme marine heatwave.The sea surface temperature(SST)nudging scheme assimilates SST only,while the deterministic ensemble Kalman filter(EnKF)scheme assimilates observations from the surface to the deep ocean.The latter notably improves the forecasting skill for subsurface temperature anomalies,especially at the depth of 100-300 m(the lower layer),outperforming the SST nudging scheme.It excels in predicting both horizontal and vertical heat transport in the lower layer,contributing to improved forecasts of the lower-layer warming during the Blob.These improvements stem from the assimilation of subsurface observational data,which are important in predicting the upper-ocean conditions.The results suggest that assimilating ocean data with the EnKF scheme significantly enhances the accuracy in predicting subsurface temperature anomalies during the Blob and offers better understanding of its underlying mechanisms.
文摘Misfire is a common fault in compression ignition engines,characterized by the absence or flame loss due to insufficient fuel in the cylinders.This fault is difficult to diagnose and resolve due to its multiple potential causes.This study focuses on identifying misfires in a 12-cylinder V-type marine diesel engine by analyzing vibration data collected from 15 accelerometers mounted on the engine block.Three machine learning algorithms—K-Nearest Neighbors(K-NNs),support vector machines(SVMs),and random forests(RFs)—were employed to classify engine conditions using 18 time-domain features.Results showed that the K-NN,SVM and RF algorithms achieved F1 scores of 99.87%,100%,and 99.87%,respectively,when using 18 time-domain features and all 15 accelerometers mounted on the engine block.Additionally,the study evaluated classification performance while reducing the number of accelerometers and features using two methods:Relief-F and general combinatory analysis(GCA).Although the GCA method yields better results when using only two accelerometers and nine features for misfire classification,its overall process required substantially more computational time compared to Relief-F.The best result obtained with Relief-F was achieved using 3 accelerometers and 18 features.Therefore,Relief-F proved to be more practical and take less overall computational time within the proposed framework.
基金The National Key R&D Program of China under contract No.2023YFC3709003.
文摘Understanding the adsorption behaviors of the radionuclides^(210)Pb,^(210)Bi,and^(210)Po onto marine particles is crucial for their utilization as tracers in investigating marine particle dynamics and associated biogeochemical processes.This study systematically examines the influence of varying adsorption durations on the adsorption and fractionation patterns of these radionuclides onto both inorganic mineral substrates[calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3)),silica(SiO_(2)),montmorillonite(MMT),and oyster shell whitening(OSW)]and natural organic matter components[bovine serum albumin(BSA),humic acid(HA),and acid polysaccharide(APS)]through controlled laboratory simulations.The results revealed that in single-mineral particle systems,the fractionation factor(FPo/Pb)consistently exceeds unity,with a diminishing fractionation effect observed over extended adsorption periods.For SiO_(2)and MMT,the FBi/Pb ratio was greater than 1,whereas for in OSW,the FBi/Pb ratio was less than 1.In CaCO_(3),FBi/Pb transitioned from less than 1 to greater than 1 with prolonged adsorption time.The introduction of organic matter components significantly modulates the distributions of^(210)Pb,^(210)Bi,and^(210)Po on mineral particles.In the CaCO_(3)system,the addition of HA diminishes^(210)Pb adsorption onto CaCO_(3)particles.The addition of BSA enhances the fractionation of Po and Pb,whereas the addition of APS initially weakens but subsequently strengthens the fractionation of Po and Pb.Therefore,this study highlights the potential application of the^(210)Bi-^(210)Pb nuclide pair for estimating the output flux of particulate organic carbon(POC)during silica blooms.
文摘In the heart of southern China,Nanning is set to host the 22nd China-ASEAN Expo(CAEXPO)from September 17 to 21,again turning the city into a global hub for trade,innovation,and economic cooperation.This year marks the beginning of a new chapter in regional collaboration with the debut of the Blue Economy Pavilion—an exhibition space dedicated to the fast-growing and increasingly crucial marine economy.
文摘The rapid expansion of Internet of Things(IoT)networks has introduced challenges in network management,primarily in maintaining energy efficiency and robust connectivity across an increasing array of devices.This paper introduces the Adaptive Blended Marine Predators Algorithm(AB-MPA),a novel optimization technique designed to enhance Quality of Service(QoS)in IoT systems by dynamically optimizing network configurations for improved energy efficiency and stability.Our results represent significant improvements in network performance metrics such as energy consumption,throughput,and operational stability,indicating that AB-MPA effectively addresses the pressing needs ofmodern IoT environments.Nodes are initiated with 100 J of stored energy,and energy is consumed at 0.01 J per square meter in each node to emphasize energy-efficient networks.The algorithm also provides sufficient network lifetime extension to a resourceful 7000 cycles for up to 200 nodes with a maximum Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR)of 99% and a robust network throughput of up to 1800 kbps in more compact node configurations.This study proposes a viable solution to a critical problem and opens avenues for further research into scalable network management for diverse applications.
文摘Recently,ship detection technology has been applied extensively in the marine security monitoring field.However,achieving accurate marine ship detection still poses significant challenges due to factors such as varying scales,slightly occluded objects,uneven illumination,and sea clutter.To address these issues,we propose a novel ship detection approach,i.e.,the Twin Feature Pyramid Network and Data Augmentation(TFPN-DA),which mainly consists of three modules.First,to eliminate the negative effects of slightly occluded objects and uneven illumination,we propose the Spatial Attention within the Twin Feature Pyramid Network(SA-TFPN)method,which is based on spatial attention to reconstruct the feature pyramid.Second,the ROI Feature Module(ROIFM)is introduced into the SA-TFPN,which is used to enhance specific crucial details from multi-scale features for object regression and classification.Additionally,data augmentation strategies such as spatial affine transformation and noise processing,are developed to optimize the data sample distribution.A self-construct dataset is used to train the detection model,and the experiments conducted on the dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our model.
文摘Marine natural products have long been recognized as a vast and diverse source of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications,particularly in oncology.This review provides an updated overview of the significant advances made in the discovery and development of marine-derived anticancer drugs between 2019 and 2023.With a focus on recent research findings,the review explores the rich biodiversity of marine organisms,including sponges,corals,algae,and microorganisms,which have yielded numerous compounds exhibiting promising anticancer properties.Emphasizing the multifaceted mechanisms of action,the review discusses the molecular targets and pathways targeted by these compounds,such as cell cycle regulation,apoptosis induction,angiogenesis inhibition,and modulation of signaling pathways.Additionally,the review highlights the innovative strategies employed in the isolation,structural elucidation,and chemical modification of marine natural products to enhance their potency,selectivity,and pharmacological properties.Furthermore,it addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the development of marine-derived anticancer drugs,including issues related to supply,sustainability,synthesis,and clinical translation.Finally,the review underscores the immense potential of marine natural products as a valuable reservoir of novel anticancer agents and advocates for continued exploration and exploitation of the marine environment to address the unmet medical needs in cancer therapy.
基金supported by the Talent Fund of Beijing Jiaotong University(2023XKRC034)China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20230037)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M730205)National key research and development program(2021YFB3203202)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(4232074)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020JBZD011)。
文摘The large-scale use of ample marine energy will be one of the most important ways for human to achieve sustainable development through carbon neutral development plans.As a burgeoning technological method for electromechanical conversion,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)has significant advantages in marine energy for its low weight,cost-effectiveness,and high efficiency in low-frequency range.It can realize the efficient and economical harvesting of low-frequency blue energy by constructing the floating marine energy harvesting TENG.This paper firstly introduces the power transfer process and structural composition of TENG for marine energy harvesting in detail.In addition,the latest research works of TENG on marine energy harvesting in basic research and structural design are systematically reviewed by category.Finally,the advanced research progress in the power take-off types and engineering study of TENG with the marine energy are comprehensively generalized.Importantly,the challenges and problems faced by TENG in marine energy and in situ electrochemical application are summarized and the corresponding prospects and suggestions are proposed for the subsequent development direction and prospects to look forward to promoting the commercialization process of this field.
基金financially supported by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China (Grant No. 2023ZLYS01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42106172)+8 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant Nos.ZR2024MD003, ZR2023QD023, ZR2023QD066 and ZR2023QD018)the Consulting and Researching Project of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(Grant Nos. 2024-DFZD-29, 2022-DFZD-35, 2022-XY-21, and 2021-XBZD-13-31)Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Innovation Project (Grant No. 23-1-3-hygg-6-hy)the Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao (Grant Nos. 23-2-1-58-zyyd-jch and 23-2-1-72-zyyd-jch)Project Plan of Pilot Project of Integration of Science,Education and Industry of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)(Grant No. 2023PX035)the Visiting and Training Program for Teachers from Ordinary Undergraduate Universities in Shandong Provincethe Open Fund of Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation (Grant No. 202302)Major Innovation Project for the Science Education Industry Integration Pilot Project of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)(Grant Nos. 2023HYZX01, and2023JBZ03)University-Industry Collaborative Education Program (Grant No. 202102245036)。
文摘In recent years, with the development of technologies such as the Internet of Things(Io T), big data and cloud computing, digital twin technology has gradually been applied in marine research. The digital twin realizes real-time monitoring, analysis and optimization of the state and behavior of a physical object or system by creating a virtual model. Research shows that digital twin technology has extensive application potential in ship design, marine resource development, marine equipment engineering design and optimization, marine ecological protection and early warning of disasters. Although digital twin technology has great potential in marine research, it also faces many challenges, including the complexity of data acquisition and processing, the accuracy and real-time performance of model construction, and the need for multidisciplinary cross-integration. An in-depth analysis of the technical bottlenecks and future development directions will provide an important reference for subsequent research and promote the further application and development of digital twin technology in marine research.
基金supported by 2023IT020 of the Industry-University-Research Innovation Fund for Chinese Universities-New Generation Information Technology Innovation ProgramPX-972024121 of the Education&Teaching Reform Program of Guangdong Ocean University。
文摘Aiming at the problems of insufficient feature extraction ability for small targets,complex image background,and low detection accuracy in marine life detection,this paper proposes a marine life detection algorithm SGW-YOLOv8 based on the improvement of YOLOv8.First,the Adaptive Fine-Grained Channel Attention(FCA)module is fused with the backbone layer of the YOLOv8 network to improve the feature extraction ability of the model.This paper uses the YOLOv8 network backbone layer to improve the feature extraction capability of the model.Second,the Efficient Multi-Scale Attention(C2f_EMA)module is replaced with the C2f module in the Neck layer of the network to improve the detection performance of the model for small underwater targets.Finally,the loss function is optimized to Weighted Intersection over Union(WIoU)to replace the original loss function,so that the model is better adapted to the target detection task in the complex ocean background.The improved algorithm has been experimented with on the Underwater Robot Picking Contest(URPC)dataset,and the results show that the improved algorithm achieves a detection accuracy of 84.5,which is 2.3%higher than that before the improvement,and at the same time,it can accurately detect the small-target marine organisms and adapts to the task of detecting marine organisms in various complex environments.
基金supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research,Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,King Faisal University,Saudi Arabia(Grant No.KFU241778).
文摘Tunisia’s coastal alluvial plains are fragile areas exposed to occasional disturbances(including storms,submersion,and floods)and serious imbalances,such as rising sea level,erosion,and salinisation of soils.Their sensitivity tends to increase under the impact of strong anthropogenic pressures:population growth,rapid urbanisation,and concentration of economic activities.With the acceleration of climate change and the associated rise in sea level,these areas are facing a new challenge.At the interface between land and sea,scattered across these coastal alluvial plains are wetlands that are predisposed to marine submersion due to a combination of factors.Diachronic analysis of cartographic documents has made it possible to produce geodynamic maps.These were used in the current study to assess sea level rise and flooding,as well as their impact on the future development of coastal alluvial plains,particularly during exceptional weather and sea conditions.The findings show that a poor understanding of the mechanisms specific to these environments has often resulted in short-sighted sectoral approaches to land use planning.Sabkhas and lagoons alone account for more than half of all submerged areas.Coastal wetland ecosystems will be threatened by changes in living conditions,as the rather saline biocenosis will be transformed into a euryhaline lagoon biocenosis.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF0800304)PetroChina Science and Technology Project(2023ZZ0203)。
文摘Based on large-field rock thin section scanning,high-resolution field emission-scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),fluorescence spectroscopy,and rock pyrolysis experiments of the Mesoproterozoic Jixianian Hongshuizhuang Formation shale samples from the Yanliao Basin in northern China,combined with sedimentary forward modeling,a systematic petrological and organic geochemical study was conducted on the reservoir quality,oil-bearing potential,distribution,and resource potential of the Hongshuizhuang Formation shale in Well Yuanji-2.The results indicate that:(1)The original organic carbon content of the Hongshuizhuang Formation shale averages up to 6.24%,and the original hydrocarbon generation potential is as high as 44.09 mg/g,demonstrating a strong oil generation potential.(2)The rock type is primarily siliceous shale containing low clay mineral content,characterized by the development of shale bedding fractures and organic shrinkage fractures,resulting in good compressibility and reservoir quality.(3)The fifth and fourth members of the Hongshuizhuang Formation serve as shale oil sweet spots,contributing more than 60%of shale oil production with their total thickness as only 40%of the target formation.(4)The Kuancheng-Laozhuanghu area is the most prospective shale oil exploration option in the Yanliao Basin and covers approximately 7200 km^(2).Its original total hydrocarbon generation potential reaches about 74.11 billion tons,with current estimated retained shale oil resources exceeding 1.148 billion tons(lower limit)–comparable to the geological resources of the Permian Lucaogou Formation shale oil in the Jimsar Sag of the Junggar Basin.These findings demonstrate the robust exploration potential of the Hongshuizhuang Formation shale oil in the Yanliao Basin.
