[ Objective ] The study aimed to explore a new way for the control of Tomato Fusarium Wilt. [ Method ] Different solvents were used to prepare the ex-tracts of marigold, and the inhibitory effects of different extract...[ Objective ] The study aimed to explore a new way for the control of Tomato Fusarium Wilt. [ Method ] Different solvents were used to prepare the ex-tracts of marigold, and the inhibitory effects of different extraction solvents and different extraction parts of marigold against Tomato Fusar/um Wilt were compared. [ Result ] Among different solvent extracts of marigold, chloroform extracts had the strongest inhibitory effects against the growth of the pathogen; among the chloro- form extracts from different parts of marigold, root extract had the most obvious inhibitory effect against the disease, followed by flower and leaf extracts, and the in- hibitory effect of stem extract was the weakest. [ Conclusion ] The active components of marigold have inhibitory effect against Tomato Fusarium Wilt, and the plant has good development prospects and application value.展开更多
Marigolds(Tagetes spp.)are popular horticultural plants worldwide.The current study aimed to investigate the optimal mutagenic conditions for marigold seeds using EMS(ethyl methanesulfonate)mutagenesis.Different con-c...Marigolds(Tagetes spp.)are popular horticultural plants worldwide.The current study aimed to investigate the optimal mutagenic conditions for marigold seeds using EMS(ethyl methanesulfonate)mutagenesis.Different con-centrations and treatment times of EMS were applied to investigate their effects on the marigold seed germination rate,growth traits,antioxidant enzyme activities(i.e.,SOD and POD),and malondialdehyde(MDA)contents.Results indicated that with increasing the EMS treatment duration and concentration,the seed germination rate and growth treatments were reduced,accompanied by elevated MDA content.In addition,SOD and POD activ-ities initially correlated positively with the growth tratis at the lowest concentrations and shortest durations of EMS,but such relationship diminished beyond certain thresholds.The comprehensive analysis identified the opti-mal mutagenic conditions as 1%EMS treatment for 12 h,achieving a semi-lethal dose and enhancing stress-resis-tant components in seedlings.Thesefindings are pivotal for advancing genetic enhancement and germplasm innovation in marigolds.展开更多
Roles of Marigold extracts (ME) on arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced oxidative damage to pancreatic β-cells need to be further elucidated. In this study, NIT-1 cells were treated with different concentrations of and/or ...Roles of Marigold extracts (ME) on arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced oxidative damage to pancreatic β-cells need to be further elucidated. In this study, NIT-1 cells were treated with different concentrations of and/or ATO, following by the cell viability was detected by CCK8 assay. Then, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, lipid peroxide (MDA) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured with a fluorescence probe method and colorimetric assay, respectively. The apoptosis rate and morphology was detected and observed with hoechst 33,258 staining assay. The mRNA levels and protein expressions of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and protein immunoblotting assay, respectively. Our results indicated that Co-treatment with ME and ATO exacerbated the cell viability decreasing reduced by ATO, while the addition of ME after ATO treatment effectively promote the recovery of ATO reduced survival rates. The ATO group increased apoptosis (P P β-cells by modulating the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the wild marigold [(Tagetes minuta L.)(T. minuta)] leaf extract with respect to phytochemicals and allelopathic activity. Methods: The aqueous extracts of T. minuta leaves at concentrations of 50...Objective: To analyze the wild marigold [(Tagetes minuta L.)(T. minuta)] leaf extract with respect to phytochemicals and allelopathic activity. Methods: The aqueous extracts of T. minuta leaves at concentrations of 50%, 75% and 100% were prepared. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out and then allelopathic ef ect of T. minuta on root length, shoot length, germination, fresh and dry weight of Johnson grass and Sun spurge was tested on i lter paper and in soil.Results: Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, l avonoides and terpenoids. The higher concentrations proved to be signii cantly ef ective in reducing almost all the parameters of Sun spurge and Johnson grass in i lter paper bioassay. Supplemented with the soil, all concentrations of leaf extract showed reduction in germination, root and shoot growth, fresh and dry weight of Sun spurge; however, 100% concentration signii cantly reduced the germination of Johnson grass. Conclusions: This study suggests that marigold allelochemicals can be used as an integrated weed management for the production of better crop yield.展开更多
Marigold （ Tagetes erecta） originated in South America is the main raw material of lutein, which plays a vital role in treating maeula lutea retinae, im- proving immunity and delaying aging. Black spot is the main d...Marigold （ Tagetes erecta） originated in South America is the main raw material of lutein, which plays a vital role in treating maeula lutea retinae, im- proving immunity and delaying aging. Black spot is the main disease reducing marigold production. This paper concluded occurrence and damage of black spot, the species and symptoms of pathogens, pathogenic factors, selection of disease-resistant varieties and effective means against black spot, and made a briefly analysis of the existing problems and the corresponding solutions, in order to provide a theoretical basis for disease-resistant breeding of marigold.展开更多
Different growing conditions with temperature and sunlight variation could vary in flower growth and quality of marigold. Plant growth and flowering characteristics are compared in three different conditions viz. plas...Different growing conditions with temperature and sunlight variation could vary in flower growth and quality of marigold. Plant growth and flowering characteristics are compared in three different conditions viz. plastic house, shade house and open field. Three varieties of marigold viz. Marvel Yellow, Marvel Orange and Marvel Garland with similar cultural practices were grown and observed. Each variety with 6 replications was grown in three different growing conditions. Plant height, leaves formation, length of leaves, number of days to flower, number of flowers per plant and post harvest analysis were recorded. Plant growth characteristics followed by flowering behavior were found significantly better in plants grown under plastic house. During post harvest experiment Marvel Garland variety grown under plastic house with wet post harvest treatment was found significantly better compared to other conditions.展开更多
Lutein and lutein esters in marigold flowers was quantitatively determined by high performance chromatography （HPLC） with ODS-C 18 column.A mixture of CH3CNCD*2CH3OHCD*2CH3COOCH2CH3 with volume ratio of 55∶1∶44 wa...Lutein and lutein esters in marigold flowers was quantitatively determined by high performance chromatography （HPLC） with ODS-C 18 column.A mixture of CH3CNCD*2CH3OHCD*2CH3COOCH2CH3 with volume ratio of 55∶1∶44 was used as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection was carried out at 460nm. The column temperature was about 20℃. The contents of lutein and lutein esters were determined by analytical curve of lutein since lutein and lutein esters have the same spectral characteristics. Determination results of hexane extracts and saponified samples of lutein show that the saponification transforms the esters into free lutein. The increase of the content of dipalmitate and palmitate stearate reveals that the reaction includes transesterifications.展开更多
As a natural yellow pigment,lutein is widely used in the human food and forage.A lot of wastewater is generated in this industry.It is urgent to deal with fermentative marigold wstewater for lutein industry.How to pro...As a natural yellow pigment,lutein is widely used in the human food and forage.A lot of wastewater is generated in this industry.It is urgent to deal with fermentative marigold wstewater for lutein industry.How to process the wastewatwer is more important.Centre on the process of fermentative marigold wstewater,used by polyaluminium chloride to flocculate,active carbon to bleach,then evaporating in the vacuum state and getting lactic acid finally.展开更多
Organic farming needs to be promoted as a means of sustaining soil health and reducing the cost of farming, especially for small farmers.The present study deals with the effect of organic compost, prepared using Effic...Organic farming needs to be promoted as a means of sustaining soil health and reducing the cost of farming, especially for small farmers.The present study deals with the effect of organic compost, prepared using Efficient Microorganism(EM) consortium and applied along with full or half of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers, on the growth of Calendula and Marigold plants, soil physico-chemical parameters and soil enzyme activities. Soil enzyme activities were improved with the increase in the rate of EM compost application in both Calendula and Marigold. Carotenoid pigment increased by 46.11% and 12.19% with application of EM compost over the control in Calendula and Marigold flowers respectively. Soil humus, available nitrogen and organic carbon content also increased due to the supplementation of EM compost resulting in better soil fertility. For Calendula, treatment T5(Half dose NPK + EM compost 20 000 kg·hm^(-2)) was found to be the most promising in terms of acid phosphatase(82.63 μg p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate·g^(-1)·h^(-1)), dehydrogenase(10.46 μg Triphenyl Formazan·g^(-1)·d^(-1)) and β-glucosidase(0.30 IU·g^(-1)) activities. In Marigold, treatment C(Half dose NPK + EM compost 5 000 kg·hm^(-2)) was the most promising in terms of amendment in soil enzyme activities.展开更多
Floral bud differentiation in vitro is affected by many factors, among which the effect of exogenous phytohormones is striking. According to the study of floral gradient, however, it is possible that the function of p...Floral bud differentiation in vitro is affected by many factors, among which the effect of exogenous phytohormones is striking. According to the study of floral gradient, however, it is possible that the function of phytohormones in floral bud regeneration in vitro may be just a 'trigger', i.e. providing a suitable condition for those cells to express the po-展开更多
Objective: To assess the response of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) to exposed different concentration of chlorpyrifos by evaluating morphology (root and shoot length), biomass (fresh weight and dry weight), pho...Objective: To assess the response of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) to exposed different concentration of chlorpyrifos by evaluating morphology (root and shoot length), biomass (fresh weight and dry weight), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b), protein and microbial diversity in root rhizosphere.Methods: The study was carried out in pot culture and treated with various concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, and 2.5%) as well as control treatments. The morphological, biomass,photosynthetic pigments, protein, and microbial diversity were analyzed on 30, 60, and 90 days.Results: The obtained results revealed that the tested pesticide reduced the growth, biomass and photosynthetic pigment of African marigold when applied at higher concentration than the optimum dosage. But the lower dose the pesticide had some stimulatory effect of analyzed parameters. A similar effect of pesticide was observed on the microbial population of root rhizosphere that is decreased in microbial population was caused at higher doses. But it was increased at lower doses.Conclusions: It can be concluded that pesticide above the certain dosage level adversely affect all the analyzed parameters at higher doses. The application of recommended doses should be discouraged. Further study is needed for the effect of pesticide use on microbial diversity, since these studies are carried out in a controlled pot experiment, including the current study. Thus,future study directed towards by studying the phyoremediation of theses contaminted site with intraction of microbes.展开更多
In this work,xanthophylls were extracted from Marigold using supercritical CO_(2).A response surface experimental design was used to optimize operating conditions for extraction pressure(22-30 MPa),extraction temperat...In this work,xanthophylls were extracted from Marigold using supercritical CO_(2).A response surface experimental design was used to optimize operating conditions for extraction pressure(22-30 MPa),extraction temperature(50-60℃),CO_(2) flow rate(9-15 kg/h).The maximum concentration of xanthophyll in extracts was determined to be 35.8%by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and optimum xanthophylls extraction was obtained at 55℃,26 MPa and 12 kg/h.The optimization results demonstrated that for xanthophylls extraction,all variables(temperature,pressure and CO_(2) flow rate)were to be the influential variables,with the statistical significant effect p-value was smaller than 0.05.展开更多
基金Supported by Fund for Highly Educated People in Yulin College(07gk013)~~
文摘[ Objective ] The study aimed to explore a new way for the control of Tomato Fusarium Wilt. [ Method ] Different solvents were used to prepare the ex-tracts of marigold, and the inhibitory effects of different extraction solvents and different extraction parts of marigold against Tomato Fusar/um Wilt were compared. [ Result ] Among different solvent extracts of marigold, chloroform extracts had the strongest inhibitory effects against the growth of the pathogen; among the chloro- form extracts from different parts of marigold, root extract had the most obvious inhibitory effect against the disease, followed by flower and leaf extracts, and the in- hibitory effect of stem extract was the weakest. [ Conclusion ] The active components of marigold have inhibitory effect against Tomato Fusarium Wilt, and the plant has good development prospects and application value.
基金This work was supported by Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Key R&D Plan(202303AM140018,202303AK140029,202303AK140028)Yunnan Flower Breeding Key Experiment Open Foundation(FKL-202203)+2 种基金Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Science and Technology Project Agriculture Joint Foundation(202301BD070001-208)Yunnan Provincial Expert Basic Research Workstation FoundationWe also acknowledge the financial support from the Researchers Supporting Project(RSPD2025R751),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Marigolds(Tagetes spp.)are popular horticultural plants worldwide.The current study aimed to investigate the optimal mutagenic conditions for marigold seeds using EMS(ethyl methanesulfonate)mutagenesis.Different con-centrations and treatment times of EMS were applied to investigate their effects on the marigold seed germination rate,growth traits,antioxidant enzyme activities(i.e.,SOD and POD),and malondialdehyde(MDA)contents.Results indicated that with increasing the EMS treatment duration and concentration,the seed germination rate and growth treatments were reduced,accompanied by elevated MDA content.In addition,SOD and POD activ-ities initially correlated positively with the growth tratis at the lowest concentrations and shortest durations of EMS,but such relationship diminished beyond certain thresholds.The comprehensive analysis identified the opti-mal mutagenic conditions as 1%EMS treatment for 12 h,achieving a semi-lethal dose and enhancing stress-resis-tant components in seedlings.Thesefindings are pivotal for advancing genetic enhancement and germplasm innovation in marigolds.
文摘Roles of Marigold extracts (ME) on arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced oxidative damage to pancreatic β-cells need to be further elucidated. In this study, NIT-1 cells were treated with different concentrations of and/or ATO, following by the cell viability was detected by CCK8 assay. Then, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, lipid peroxide (MDA) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured with a fluorescence probe method and colorimetric assay, respectively. The apoptosis rate and morphology was detected and observed with hoechst 33,258 staining assay. The mRNA levels and protein expressions of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and protein immunoblotting assay, respectively. Our results indicated that Co-treatment with ME and ATO exacerbated the cell viability decreasing reduced by ATO, while the addition of ME after ATO treatment effectively promote the recovery of ATO reduced survival rates. The ATO group increased apoptosis (P P β-cells by modulating the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
文摘Objective: To analyze the wild marigold [(Tagetes minuta L.)(T. minuta)] leaf extract with respect to phytochemicals and allelopathic activity. Methods: The aqueous extracts of T. minuta leaves at concentrations of 50%, 75% and 100% were prepared. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out and then allelopathic ef ect of T. minuta on root length, shoot length, germination, fresh and dry weight of Johnson grass and Sun spurge was tested on i lter paper and in soil.Results: Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, l avonoides and terpenoids. The higher concentrations proved to be signii cantly ef ective in reducing almost all the parameters of Sun spurge and Johnson grass in i lter paper bioassay. Supplemented with the soil, all concentrations of leaf extract showed reduction in germination, root and shoot growth, fresh and dry weight of Sun spurge; however, 100% concentration signii cantly reduced the germination of Johnson grass. Conclusions: This study suggests that marigold allelochemicals can be used as an integrated weed management for the production of better crop yield.
基金Supported by Innovation Fund of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science(KJCX20140109,KJCX20140202)Technology Innovation Team Fund of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science(KJCXTD201308)Flower Breeding Innovation Platform Project of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Forestry
文摘Marigold （ Tagetes erecta） originated in South America is the main raw material of lutein, which plays a vital role in treating maeula lutea retinae, im- proving immunity and delaying aging. Black spot is the main disease reducing marigold production. This paper concluded occurrence and damage of black spot, the species and symptoms of pathogens, pathogenic factors, selection of disease-resistant varieties and effective means against black spot, and made a briefly analysis of the existing problems and the corresponding solutions, in order to provide a theoretical basis for disease-resistant breeding of marigold.
文摘Different growing conditions with temperature and sunlight variation could vary in flower growth and quality of marigold. Plant growth and flowering characteristics are compared in three different conditions viz. plastic house, shade house and open field. Three varieties of marigold viz. Marvel Yellow, Marvel Orange and Marvel Garland with similar cultural practices were grown and observed. Each variety with 6 replications was grown in three different growing conditions. Plant height, leaves formation, length of leaves, number of days to flower, number of flowers per plant and post harvest analysis were recorded. Plant growth characteristics followed by flowering behavior were found significantly better in plants grown under plastic house. During post harvest experiment Marvel Garland variety grown under plastic house with wet post harvest treatment was found significantly better compared to other conditions.
文摘Lutein and lutein esters in marigold flowers was quantitatively determined by high performance chromatography （HPLC） with ODS-C 18 column.A mixture of CH3CNCD*2CH3OHCD*2CH3COOCH2CH3 with volume ratio of 55∶1∶44 was used as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection was carried out at 460nm. The column temperature was about 20℃. The contents of lutein and lutein esters were determined by analytical curve of lutein since lutein and lutein esters have the same spectral characteristics. Determination results of hexane extracts and saponified samples of lutein show that the saponification transforms the esters into free lutein. The increase of the content of dipalmitate and palmitate stearate reveals that the reaction includes transesterifications.
文摘As a natural yellow pigment,lutein is widely used in the human food and forage.A lot of wastewater is generated in this industry.It is urgent to deal with fermentative marigold wstewater for lutein industry.How to process the wastewatwer is more important.Centre on the process of fermentative marigold wstewater,used by polyaluminium chloride to flocculate,active carbon to bleach,then evaporating in the vacuum state and getting lactic acid finally.
文摘Organic farming needs to be promoted as a means of sustaining soil health and reducing the cost of farming, especially for small farmers.The present study deals with the effect of organic compost, prepared using Efficient Microorganism(EM) consortium and applied along with full or half of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers, on the growth of Calendula and Marigold plants, soil physico-chemical parameters and soil enzyme activities. Soil enzyme activities were improved with the increase in the rate of EM compost application in both Calendula and Marigold. Carotenoid pigment increased by 46.11% and 12.19% with application of EM compost over the control in Calendula and Marigold flowers respectively. Soil humus, available nitrogen and organic carbon content also increased due to the supplementation of EM compost resulting in better soil fertility. For Calendula, treatment T5(Half dose NPK + EM compost 20 000 kg·hm^(-2)) was found to be the most promising in terms of acid phosphatase(82.63 μg p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate·g^(-1)·h^(-1)), dehydrogenase(10.46 μg Triphenyl Formazan·g^(-1)·d^(-1)) and β-glucosidase(0.30 IU·g^(-1)) activities. In Marigold, treatment C(Half dose NPK + EM compost 5 000 kg·hm^(-2)) was the most promising in terms of amendment in soil enzyme activities.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Floral bud differentiation in vitro is affected by many factors, among which the effect of exogenous phytohormones is striking. According to the study of floral gradient, however, it is possible that the function of phytohormones in floral bud regeneration in vitro may be just a 'trigger', i.e. providing a suitable condition for those cells to express the po-
文摘Objective: To assess the response of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) to exposed different concentration of chlorpyrifos by evaluating morphology (root and shoot length), biomass (fresh weight and dry weight), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b), protein and microbial diversity in root rhizosphere.Methods: The study was carried out in pot culture and treated with various concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, and 2.5%) as well as control treatments. The morphological, biomass,photosynthetic pigments, protein, and microbial diversity were analyzed on 30, 60, and 90 days.Results: The obtained results revealed that the tested pesticide reduced the growth, biomass and photosynthetic pigment of African marigold when applied at higher concentration than the optimum dosage. But the lower dose the pesticide had some stimulatory effect of analyzed parameters. A similar effect of pesticide was observed on the microbial population of root rhizosphere that is decreased in microbial population was caused at higher doses. But it was increased at lower doses.Conclusions: It can be concluded that pesticide above the certain dosage level adversely affect all the analyzed parameters at higher doses. The application of recommended doses should be discouraged. Further study is needed for the effect of pesticide use on microbial diversity, since these studies are carried out in a controlled pot experiment, including the current study. Thus,future study directed towards by studying the phyoremediation of theses contaminted site with intraction of microbes.
基金supported by Shandong Provincial Education Department Plan for Scientific and Technology Development(J08LF05)。
文摘In this work,xanthophylls were extracted from Marigold using supercritical CO_(2).A response surface experimental design was used to optimize operating conditions for extraction pressure(22-30 MPa),extraction temperature(50-60℃),CO_(2) flow rate(9-15 kg/h).The maximum concentration of xanthophyll in extracts was determined to be 35.8%by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and optimum xanthophylls extraction was obtained at 55℃,26 MPa and 12 kg/h.The optimization results demonstrated that for xanthophylls extraction,all variables(temperature,pressure and CO_(2) flow rate)were to be the influential variables,with the statistical significant effect p-value was smaller than 0.05.
