The results of the previous studies seem to show the crustaceans can secrete growth hormone,which regulate their growth.However,more evidences are needed to determine it.So the following research was conducted.The ext...The results of the previous studies seem to show the crustaceans can secrete growth hormone,which regulate their growth.However,more evidences are needed to determine it.So the following research was conducted.The extract of thoracic ganglia (TGE) of adult Macrobrachium rosenbergii was applied to a Sephadex G-50 column,the resulting second peak was further isolated by HPLC,and 9 fractions were obtained.Among the fractions only the second fraction significantly increased the protein synthesis of the abdomen muscle of the juvenile M.rosenbergii that was injected TGE.The increasing effects were related to the protein concentration of the injecting fractions.The molecular weight of the substance in the second fraction isolated by HPLC was below 3.4?kDa.The results indicate that the thoracic ganglia of M.rosenbergii could secrete a peptide hormone,which stimulates the muscle protein synthesis of prawn,and the hormone might be the growth hormone of the prawn.展开更多
Freshwater prawns （Decapoda： Caridea： Macrobrachium） play an important role in domestic fishery resources. Culturing M. rosenbergii and M. nipponense brings great economic benefits, as the two species were widely ...Freshwater prawns （Decapoda： Caridea： Macrobrachium） play an important role in domestic fishery resources. Culturing M. rosenbergii and M. nipponense brings great economic benefits, as the two species were widely farmed in China. M. qilianensis, a native species with natural distribution limited in Gansu province, was classified into genus Macrobrachium based on external morphological characters. In order to understand the molecular genetic differences among the three species of Macrobrachium, i.e., M. rosenbergii, M. nipponense, and M. qilianensis, we analyzed sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I （COI） of them. It would provide theoretical basis of exploiting and utilizing Macrobrachium resources rationally. A total of 30 individuals （10 individuals of each species） were collected from Gansu and Zhejiang province. Samples of M. qilianensis were wild, however, that of M. rosenbergii and M. nipponense were cultured. Their mitochondrial COI gene segment sequences were obtained by using the method of PCR amplification and sequencing. After alignment, 649 bp consensus sequences of COI were obtained. One hundred and sixty-nine variable sites were detected in all 30 individuals, accounting for 26.04% of total sequence. A total of seven haplotypes were also detected. Nucleotide diversity was 0.411% within M. rosenbergii, 0.092% within M. nipponense, and 0.031% within M. qilianensis. Genetic diversity of wild M. qilianensis was much lower than that of cultured M. rosenbergii and M. nipponense. Genetic distances between different haplotypes of the three prawns ranged from 19.87% to 23.84%. It suggested that the three species were valid species, because genetic distances among them were quite great. To further determine the taxonomic status of the three prawns in family Palaemonoidae, we downloaded the corresponding COI sequences of Palaemonoidae prawns from Genbank and analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of them. Phylogenetic tree （NJ） showed that M. nipponense, M. rosenbergii and other Macrobrachium species constituted one monophyletic group. However, M. qilianensis, Exopalaemon carinicauda, and Palaemon debilis formed the other clade. Thus, results of COI sequences did not support that M. qilianensis belonged to genus Macrobrachium. The taxonomic status ofM. qilianensis should be reevaluated with more comprehensive evidences.展开更多
传染性皮下和造血器官坏死病毒(infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus,IHHNV)是对虾养殖的重要病原之一,可感染多种虾种。罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)是中国养殖的重要沼虾品种之一。根据国际兽疫局(Office...传染性皮下和造血器官坏死病毒(infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus,IHHNV)是对虾养殖的重要病原之一,可感染多种虾种。罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)是中国养殖的重要沼虾品种之一。根据国际兽疫局(Office International des Epizooties,OIE)推荐的IHHNV检测方法,在中国大陆地区首次开展IHHNV在罗氏沼虾中的感染和流行情况调查。结果显示,在研究区的罗氏沼虾养殖区,IHHNV广泛流行,阳性率高达90%;但所有成年罗氏沼虾均未表现出明显的病症,仅表现为病毒的携带。通过基因序列分析显示,检测到的华南地区毒株属于Ⅰ型感染株,与菲律宾株进化关系较为接近;华东地区毒株属于Ⅱ型感染株,与东南亚株进化关系较近。本研究为IHHNV在罗氏沼虾内的感染、流行和防控提供了详细参考。展开更多
文摘The results of the previous studies seem to show the crustaceans can secrete growth hormone,which regulate their growth.However,more evidences are needed to determine it.So the following research was conducted.The extract of thoracic ganglia (TGE) of adult Macrobrachium rosenbergii was applied to a Sephadex G-50 column,the resulting second peak was further isolated by HPLC,and 9 fractions were obtained.Among the fractions only the second fraction significantly increased the protein synthesis of the abdomen muscle of the juvenile M.rosenbergii that was injected TGE.The increasing effects were related to the protein concentration of the injecting fractions.The molecular weight of the substance in the second fraction isolated by HPLC was below 3.4?kDa.The results indicate that the thoracic ganglia of M.rosenbergii could secrete a peptide hormone,which stimulates the muscle protein synthesis of prawn,and the hormone might be the growth hormone of the prawn.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30600456)Commission of Science and Technology of Shanghai(08391910300)Project of Keji Xiong Nong (2008-7-2) of Shanghai,China
文摘Freshwater prawns （Decapoda： Caridea： Macrobrachium） play an important role in domestic fishery resources. Culturing M. rosenbergii and M. nipponense brings great economic benefits, as the two species were widely farmed in China. M. qilianensis, a native species with natural distribution limited in Gansu province, was classified into genus Macrobrachium based on external morphological characters. In order to understand the molecular genetic differences among the three species of Macrobrachium, i.e., M. rosenbergii, M. nipponense, and M. qilianensis, we analyzed sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I （COI） of them. It would provide theoretical basis of exploiting and utilizing Macrobrachium resources rationally. A total of 30 individuals （10 individuals of each species） were collected from Gansu and Zhejiang province. Samples of M. qilianensis were wild, however, that of M. rosenbergii and M. nipponense were cultured. Their mitochondrial COI gene segment sequences were obtained by using the method of PCR amplification and sequencing. After alignment, 649 bp consensus sequences of COI were obtained. One hundred and sixty-nine variable sites were detected in all 30 individuals, accounting for 26.04% of total sequence. A total of seven haplotypes were also detected. Nucleotide diversity was 0.411% within M. rosenbergii, 0.092% within M. nipponense, and 0.031% within M. qilianensis. Genetic diversity of wild M. qilianensis was much lower than that of cultured M. rosenbergii and M. nipponense. Genetic distances between different haplotypes of the three prawns ranged from 19.87% to 23.84%. It suggested that the three species were valid species, because genetic distances among them were quite great. To further determine the taxonomic status of the three prawns in family Palaemonoidae, we downloaded the corresponding COI sequences of Palaemonoidae prawns from Genbank and analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of them. Phylogenetic tree （NJ） showed that M. nipponense, M. rosenbergii and other Macrobrachium species constituted one monophyletic group. However, M. qilianensis, Exopalaemon carinicauda, and Palaemon debilis formed the other clade. Thus, results of COI sequences did not support that M. qilianensis belonged to genus Macrobrachium. The taxonomic status ofM. qilianensis should be reevaluated with more comprehensive evidences.
文摘传染性皮下和造血器官坏死病毒(infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus,IHHNV)是对虾养殖的重要病原之一,可感染多种虾种。罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)是中国养殖的重要沼虾品种之一。根据国际兽疫局(Office International des Epizooties,OIE)推荐的IHHNV检测方法,在中国大陆地区首次开展IHHNV在罗氏沼虾中的感染和流行情况调查。结果显示,在研究区的罗氏沼虾养殖区,IHHNV广泛流行,阳性率高达90%;但所有成年罗氏沼虾均未表现出明显的病症,仅表现为病毒的携带。通过基因序列分析显示,检测到的华南地区毒株属于Ⅰ型感染株,与菲律宾株进化关系较为接近;华东地区毒株属于Ⅱ型感染株,与东南亚株进化关系较近。本研究为IHHNV在罗氏沼虾内的感染、流行和防控提供了详细参考。
