通过分析汶川 M 8.0地震前后山西地震带 GPS 速度场以及由此计算得到的现今构造应变率场,结果显示：（1）汶川 M 8.0地震后,山西地震带各区域的运动方向均不同程度向西偏转,太原盆地及其以北的区域由1999-2007年的 SW 或 SSW 向转为 SWW...通过分析汶川 M 8.0地震前后山西地震带 GPS 速度场以及由此计算得到的现今构造应变率场,结果显示：（1）汶川 M 8.0地震后,山西地震带各区域的运动方向均不同程度向西偏转,太原盆地及其以北的区域由1999-2007年的 SW 或 SSW 向转为 SWW 向,且运动速率由平均约2 mm/a增加到约4 mm/a,太原盆地以南的区域由之前的 SSE 向转为 SW 向。（2）汶川 M 8.0地震后,山西地震带的应变率场显著增强,大同盆地、太原盆地北段和临汾盆地西南段形成了三个压性应变集中区,2010年在这三个区域内分别发生了大同 M 4.5、阳曲 M 4.6和河津 M 4.8地震,可能由于这种压性应变积累的区域应力场环境有利于山西地震带中强地震的孕育和发生。（3）2009-11年,受日本 M 9.0地震的影响,山西地震带向西运动的速率有所减弱,应变率场张性变化明显,太原盆地及其以北区域平均速率下降为约2-3 mm/a,太原盆地以南的区域由 SW 向转为整体向南运动的格局,有恢复到1999-2007年背景运动状态的迹象。展开更多
同震地表破裂带的空间展布及形变特征是地球深部断层活动在地表的直观地貌表现,不但记录着地震破裂和断层运动的信息,还反映了区域应力和地壳运动状况。因此,开展震后地震地表破裂带调查对于了解发震断层的构造活动尤为重要。高精度地...同震地表破裂带的空间展布及形变特征是地球深部断层活动在地表的直观地貌表现,不但记录着地震破裂和断层运动的信息,还反映了区域应力和地壳运动状况。因此,开展震后地震地表破裂带调查对于了解发震断层的构造活动尤为重要。高精度地形观测技术可以获取前所未有的高时空分辨率的地球表面特征,为辨别历史地震地表破裂遗迹、提取地表同震位移、活动构造地质填图等提供高质量数据。文中选取富蕴1931年地震地表破裂带作为研究区,利用SfM(Structural from Motion)摄影测量技术生成分辨率为1m的数字高程模型(DEM),详细识别地表破裂并测量冲沟的右旋位移。基于地表破裂的几何及构造地貌特征,将富蕴地震地表破裂带由北向南分为S1、S2、S3、S44段,其间以挤压隆起或拉分盆地相连接。沿破裂带共获得194组最新冲沟的右旋水平位移,得到1931年同震位移的平均值为(5.06±0.13)m。同震位移局部缺失或突变的区域与几何阶区的位置也有良好的对应关系。以上结果填补了对富蕴地震地表破裂精细形态研究的空白,也进一步展示高分辨率的地形数据在活动构造研究中良好的应用价值。展开更多
A gravity network with 302 observation points has been established in the western Sichuan Foreland Basin(SFB) to explore Bouguer gravity anomalies(BGAs). Our observational results reveal that the BGAs are negative as ...A gravity network with 302 observation points has been established in the western Sichuan Foreland Basin(SFB) to explore Bouguer gravity anomalies(BGAs). Our observational results reveal that the BGAs are negative as a whole, with a maximum value of-220 m Gal(10-5m s-2)at the northwest region of the study area. The real Moho depths beneath the SFB revealed by BGA data change smoothly from 39.5 km in the southeast to 43.7 km in the northwest of the monitoring region. However, the isostatic ones deduced from Airy isostatic model and topographical data vary approximately 39.5–42.0 km. The maximum differences of 2.7 km between the real and isostatic Moho depths are found near the seismic gap between the M8.0Wenchuan and M7.0 Lushan earthquakes, where the crust is in the greatest isostatic imbalance of the monitoring region. Analysis of the isostatic state indicates that the deep dynamic environment near the seismic gap between these two earthquakes indicates an M C 7.0 earthquake in the future. This study indicates that we can use isostasy as a potential approach to study the dynamic process of crustalmaterial movement and to analyze regional potential seismic risks.展开更多
Since the beginning of the 21st century,major earthquakes have frequently occurred worldwide.To explore the impact of astronomical factors on earthquakes,in this study,the statistical analysis method of correlation is...Since the beginning of the 21st century,major earthquakes have frequently occurred worldwide.To explore the impact of astronomical factors on earthquakes,in this study,the statistical analysis method of correlation is used to systematically analyze the effects of astronomical factors,such as solar activity,Earth’s rotation,lunar declination angle,celestial tidal force,and other phenomena on M≥8 global earthquakes at the beginning of the 21st century.With regard to solar activity,this study focuses on the analysis of the 11-year and century cycles of solar activity.The causal relationship of the Earth’s rotation is not obvious in this work and previous works;in contrast,the valley period of the solar activity century cycle may be an important astronomical factor leading to the frequent occurrence of global earthquakes at the beginning of the 21st century.This topic warrants further study.展开更多
文摘通过分析汶川 M 8.0地震前后山西地震带 GPS 速度场以及由此计算得到的现今构造应变率场,结果显示：（1）汶川 M 8.0地震后,山西地震带各区域的运动方向均不同程度向西偏转,太原盆地及其以北的区域由1999-2007年的 SW 或 SSW 向转为 SWW 向,且运动速率由平均约2 mm/a增加到约4 mm/a,太原盆地以南的区域由之前的 SSE 向转为 SW 向。（2）汶川 M 8.0地震后,山西地震带的应变率场显著增强,大同盆地、太原盆地北段和临汾盆地西南段形成了三个压性应变集中区,2010年在这三个区域内分别发生了大同 M 4.5、阳曲 M 4.6和河津 M 4.8地震,可能由于这种压性应变积累的区域应力场环境有利于山西地震带中强地震的孕育和发生。（3）2009-11年,受日本 M 9.0地震的影响,山西地震带向西运动的速率有所减弱,应变率场张性变化明显,太原盆地及其以北区域平均速率下降为约2-3 mm/a,太原盆地以南的区域由 SW 向转为整体向南运动的格局,有恢复到1999-2007年背景运动状态的迹象。
文摘同震地表破裂带的空间展布及形变特征是地球深部断层活动在地表的直观地貌表现,不但记录着地震破裂和断层运动的信息,还反映了区域应力和地壳运动状况。因此,开展震后地震地表破裂带调查对于了解发震断层的构造活动尤为重要。高精度地形观测技术可以获取前所未有的高时空分辨率的地球表面特征,为辨别历史地震地表破裂遗迹、提取地表同震位移、活动构造地质填图等提供高质量数据。文中选取富蕴1931年地震地表破裂带作为研究区,利用SfM(Structural from Motion)摄影测量技术生成分辨率为1m的数字高程模型(DEM),详细识别地表破裂并测量冲沟的右旋位移。基于地表破裂的几何及构造地貌特征,将富蕴地震地表破裂带由北向南分为S1、S2、S3、S44段,其间以挤压隆起或拉分盆地相连接。沿破裂带共获得194组最新冲沟的右旋水平位移,得到1931年同震位移的平均值为(5.06±0.13)m。同震位移局部缺失或突变的区域与几何阶区的位置也有良好的对应关系。以上结果填补了对富蕴地震地表破裂精细形态研究的空白,也进一步展示高分辨率的地形数据在活动构造研究中良好的应用价值。
基金supported by Basic Research Projects of Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration(CEA)(2013IES01013 and 2011IES010103)the East-Asia Earthquake Project(ZRH2013-01)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41331066)the Open Fund of StateKey Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth’s Dynamics(SKLGED2014-43-E)
文摘A gravity network with 302 observation points has been established in the western Sichuan Foreland Basin(SFB) to explore Bouguer gravity anomalies(BGAs). Our observational results reveal that the BGAs are negative as a whole, with a maximum value of-220 m Gal(10-5m s-2)at the northwest region of the study area. The real Moho depths beneath the SFB revealed by BGA data change smoothly from 39.5 km in the southeast to 43.7 km in the northwest of the monitoring region. However, the isostatic ones deduced from Airy isostatic model and topographical data vary approximately 39.5–42.0 km. The maximum differences of 2.7 km between the real and isostatic Moho depths are found near the seismic gap between the M8.0Wenchuan and M7.0 Lushan earthquakes, where the crust is in the greatest isostatic imbalance of the monitoring region. Analysis of the isostatic state indicates that the deep dynamic environment near the seismic gap between these two earthquakes indicates an M C 7.0 earthquake in the future. This study indicates that we can use isostasy as a potential approach to study the dynamic process of crustalmaterial movement and to analyze regional potential seismic risks.
文摘Since the beginning of the 21st century,major earthquakes have frequently occurred worldwide.To explore the impact of astronomical factors on earthquakes,in this study,the statistical analysis method of correlation is used to systematically analyze the effects of astronomical factors,such as solar activity,Earth’s rotation,lunar declination angle,celestial tidal force,and other phenomena on M≥8 global earthquakes at the beginning of the 21st century.With regard to solar activity,this study focuses on the analysis of the 11-year and century cycles of solar activity.The causal relationship of the Earth’s rotation is not obvious in this work and previous works;in contrast,the valley period of the solar activity century cycle may be an important astronomical factor leading to the frequent occurrence of global earthquakes at the beginning of the 21st century.This topic warrants further study.
