在通信中根据信号信噪比情况实时进行功率控制能有效提高功率效率并保证通信质量。针对卫星通信信噪比估计问题,研究了一种基于M2M4算法的QPSK信号信噪比估计算法,并对此算法进行了推导简化,同时用查找表法来代替信噪比计算的最复杂部分...在通信中根据信号信噪比情况实时进行功率控制能有效提高功率效率并保证通信质量。针对卫星通信信噪比估计问题,研究了一种基于M2M4算法的QPSK信号信噪比估计算法,并对此算法进行了推导简化,同时用查找表法来代替信噪比计算的最复杂部分,从而大大降低了计算复杂度。对简化的算法进行Matlab仿真,结果表明简化的算法在损失较小估计精度的前提下可以有效估计0~20 d B的信噪比。讨论了成形系数和频偏大小对估计精度的影响,并给出了工程实现中成形系数大小的选择和大频偏情况下的处理建议。展开更多
针对恒包络信号在时变平坦衰落单输入多输出(SIMO)信道下的信噪比盲估计问题,提出一种基于 EM(Expectation-Maximization)算法的改进 M2M4-EM 算法。利用 EM 算法的迭代期望值最大化思想,推导了 SIMO 信道下 EM 算法的闭式解。为进一步...针对恒包络信号在时变平坦衰落单输入多输出(SIMO)信道下的信噪比盲估计问题,提出一种基于 EM(Expectation-Maximization)算法的改进 M2M4-EM 算法。利用 EM 算法的迭代期望值最大化思想,推导了 SIMO 信道下 EM 算法的闭式解。为进一步改善性能,通过接收信号的二阶和四阶矩(M2M4)对 EM 算法进行初始化。仿真结果表明, M2M4-EM 算法在较宽的信噪比范围内具有较好的估计精度和较快的收敛速度。展开更多
Although aqueous zinc-ion batteries have gained great development due to their many merits,the frozen aqueous electrolyte hinders their practical application at low temperature conditions.Here,the synergistic e ect of...Although aqueous zinc-ion batteries have gained great development due to their many merits,the frozen aqueous electrolyte hinders their practical application at low temperature conditions.Here,the synergistic e ect of cation and anion to break the hydrogen-bonds network of original water molecules is demonstrated by multi-perspective characterization.Then,an aqueous-salt hydrates deep eutectic solvent of 3.5 M Mg(ClO_(4))_(2)+1 M Zn(ClO_(4))_(2)is proposed and displays an ultralow freezing point of-121℃.A high ionic conductivity of 1.41 mS cm-1 and low viscosity of 22.9 mPa s at-70℃ imply a fast ions transport behavior of this electrolyte.With the benefits of the low-temperature electrolyte,the fabricated Zn||Pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone(PTO)and Zn||Phenazine(PNZ)batteries exhibit satisfactory low-temperature performance.For example,Zn||PTO battery shows a high discharge capacity of 101.5 mAh g^(-1)at 0.5 C(200 mA g^(-1))and 71 mAh g^(-1)at 3C(1.2 A g^(-1))when the temperature drops to-70℃.This work provides an unique view to design anti-freezing aqueous electrolyte.展开更多
proach change of CGRP with time in periodontal ligaments of rats in magnetic field, maxillae of 28 Wistar rats of 6 7 weeks were placed in magnetic fields of permanent magnets Nd 2 Fe 4 B. Changes of CGRP w...proach change of CGRP with time in periodontal ligaments of rats in magnetic field, maxillae of 28 Wistar rats of 6 7 weeks were placed in magnetic fields of permanent magnets Nd 2 Fe 4 B. Changes of CGRP with t ime in maxillary periodontal ligaments of the rats were studied by immunohistochemistry. The result showed that: magnetic field had dynamic effect and some promotional effect on recove?E F F E C T O F M A G N E T I C F I E L D O N C A L C I T O N I N G E N E- R E L A T E D P E P T I D E I N P E R I O D O N T A L L I G A M E N T S O F R A T S X. Chang , K. Qin and Y. L. Lu Orthodontic Department of Stomatology College , China Medical University , Shenyang 110001 , China Manuscript received 24 June 1999 In order to approach change of C G R P with tim e in periodontal liga m ents of rats in m agneticfield , m axillae of 28 Wistar rats of 6 7 weeks w ere placed in m agnetic fields of per m anentm agnets Nd 2 Fe4 B. Changes of C G R P with tim e in m axillary periodontal liga ments of therats were stu died by i m m unohistoche mistry . The result sho wed that : m agnetic field had dy na m ic effect an d so m e pro motional effect on recovering and reconstruction of the periodontaltissues in it . This provided a better theoretical evidence for clinical use of per m anent m agnets .展开更多
Hard coatings are used to improve the wear resistance of metals which largely depends on adhesion between substrate and coating.The wear and friction behavior of uncoated and TiCN-coated D2,M2 and M4 steels were evalu...Hard coatings are used to improve the wear resistance of metals which largely depends on adhesion between substrate and coating.The wear and friction behavior of uncoated and TiCN-coated D2,M2 and M4 steels were evaluated by apin-on-disk test under lubricated conditions.In order to evaluate the influence of lubricant on wear performance,dry friction tests were also performed.The results showed that friction coefficients were very similar for both uncoated and TiCN-coated steels.Under lubricated conditions,the uncoated D2 tool steel exhibited the lowest friction coefficient,but the TiCN-coated D2 steel presented the smallest wear rate.Abrasion was the main wear mechanism in all the tribocouples.Additionally,microhardness measurements were carried out,finding an influence of the steel substrate on the hardness of the coatings.Besides,adhesion test was conducted,suggesting agood adhesion of class 1 between substrates and TiCN coatings.展开更多
文摘在通信中根据信号信噪比情况实时进行功率控制能有效提高功率效率并保证通信质量。针对卫星通信信噪比估计问题,研究了一种基于M2M4算法的QPSK信号信噪比估计算法,并对此算法进行了推导简化,同时用查找表法来代替信噪比计算的最复杂部分,从而大大降低了计算复杂度。对简化的算法进行Matlab仿真,结果表明简化的算法在损失较小估计精度的前提下可以有效估计0~20 d B的信噪比。讨论了成形系数和频偏大小对估计精度的影响,并给出了工程实现中成形系数大小的选择和大频偏情况下的处理建议。
文摘针对恒包络信号在时变平坦衰落单输入多输出(SIMO)信道下的信噪比盲估计问题,提出一种基于 EM(Expectation-Maximization)算法的改进 M2M4-EM 算法。利用 EM 算法的迭代期望值最大化思想,推导了 SIMO 信道下 EM 算法的闭式解。为进一步改善性能,通过接收信号的二阶和四阶矩(M2M4)对 EM 算法进行初始化。仿真结果表明, M2M4-EM 算法在较宽的信噪比范围内具有较好的估计精度和较快的收敛速度。
基金supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51771094 and 21835004)Ministry of Education of China(B12015)Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(18JCZDJC31500)。
文摘Although aqueous zinc-ion batteries have gained great development due to their many merits,the frozen aqueous electrolyte hinders their practical application at low temperature conditions.Here,the synergistic e ect of cation and anion to break the hydrogen-bonds network of original water molecules is demonstrated by multi-perspective characterization.Then,an aqueous-salt hydrates deep eutectic solvent of 3.5 M Mg(ClO_(4))_(2)+1 M Zn(ClO_(4))_(2)is proposed and displays an ultralow freezing point of-121℃.A high ionic conductivity of 1.41 mS cm-1 and low viscosity of 22.9 mPa s at-70℃ imply a fast ions transport behavior of this electrolyte.With the benefits of the low-temperature electrolyte,the fabricated Zn||Pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone(PTO)and Zn||Phenazine(PNZ)batteries exhibit satisfactory low-temperature performance.For example,Zn||PTO battery shows a high discharge capacity of 101.5 mAh g^(-1)at 0.5 C(200 mA g^(-1))and 71 mAh g^(-1)at 3C(1.2 A g^(-1))when the temperature drops to-70℃.This work provides an unique view to design anti-freezing aqueous electrolyte.
文摘proach change of CGRP with time in periodontal ligaments of rats in magnetic field, maxillae of 28 Wistar rats of 6 7 weeks were placed in magnetic fields of permanent magnets Nd 2 Fe 4 B. Changes of CGRP with t ime in maxillary periodontal ligaments of the rats were studied by immunohistochemistry. The result showed that: magnetic field had dynamic effect and some promotional effect on recove?E F F E C T O F M A G N E T I C F I E L D O N C A L C I T O N I N G E N E- R E L A T E D P E P T I D E I N P E R I O D O N T A L L I G A M E N T S O F R A T S X. Chang , K. Qin and Y. L. Lu Orthodontic Department of Stomatology College , China Medical University , Shenyang 110001 , China Manuscript received 24 June 1999 In order to approach change of C G R P with tim e in periodontal liga m ents of rats in m agneticfield , m axillae of 28 Wistar rats of 6 7 weeks w ere placed in m agnetic fields of per m anentm agnets Nd 2 Fe4 B. Changes of C G R P with tim e in m axillary periodontal liga ments of therats were stu died by i m m unohistoche mistry . The result sho wed that : m agnetic field had dy na m ic effect an d so m e pro motional effect on recovering and reconstruction of the periodontaltissues in it . This provided a better theoretical evidence for clinical use of per m anent m agnets .
基金support of Tecnológico Nacional de México(TNM)(Grant No.5724.16P)
文摘Hard coatings are used to improve the wear resistance of metals which largely depends on adhesion between substrate and coating.The wear and friction behavior of uncoated and TiCN-coated D2,M2 and M4 steels were evaluated by apin-on-disk test under lubricated conditions.In order to evaluate the influence of lubricant on wear performance,dry friction tests were also performed.The results showed that friction coefficients were very similar for both uncoated and TiCN-coated steels.Under lubricated conditions,the uncoated D2 tool steel exhibited the lowest friction coefficient,but the TiCN-coated D2 steel presented the smallest wear rate.Abrasion was the main wear mechanism in all the tribocouples.Additionally,microhardness measurements were carried out,finding an influence of the steel substrate on the hardness of the coatings.Besides,adhesion test was conducted,suggesting agood adhesion of class 1 between substrates and TiCN coatings.
