Objective:To assess whether there is a correlation between CT scan severity score and pulmonary function in Interstitial Lung Disease,and provide a more reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Materials an...Objective:To assess whether there is a correlation between CT scan severity score and pulmonary function in Interstitial Lung Disease,and provide a more reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Materials and Methods:Sixty patients with clinical diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease(ILD)were collected,and chest CT and pulmonary function tests were performed at the same time.Here DLCO%and FEV1%were used as the pulmonary function indexes.The severity of the patients was assessed by CT scores as mild(range,1~10),moderate(range 11~20),and severe(range 21~30).Correlation analysis was carried out between CT score and pulmonary function index,and the lung function parameters of patients at three grades were compared between groups and pairwise among the means.Results:As per the CT severity classification,there were 13 mild cases,31 moderate cases,and 16 severe cases.CT score was negatively correlated with DLCO%and FEV1%.R value was-0.814 and-0.797,respectively;The comparison of the mean value of DLCO%and FEV1%among the three groups and the pairings of the mean value of DLCO%and FEV1%were statistically significant.Conclusion:There was good correlation between CT score of ILD and the pulmonary function index.The pulmonary function index of patients with different CT severity grading was statistically significant,which can provide a new basis for the clinical evaluation and diagnosis of the disease.展开更多
Objective To examine the mechanistic of organochlorine-associated changes in lung function.Methods This study investigated 76 healthy older adults in Jinan,Shandong Province,over a fivemonth period.Personal exposure t...Objective To examine the mechanistic of organochlorine-associated changes in lung function.Methods This study investigated 76 healthy older adults in Jinan,Shandong Province,over a fivemonth period.Personal exposure to organochlorines was quantified using wearable passive samplers,while inflammatory factors and thyroid hormones were analyzed from blood samples.Participants’lung function was evaluated.After stratifying participants according to their thyroid hormone levels,we analyzed the differential effects of organochlorine exposure on lung function and inflammatory factors across the low and high thyroid hormone groups.Mediation analysis was further conducted to elucidate the relationships among organochlorine exposures,inflammatory factors,and lung function.Results Bis(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)ether(BCIE),was negatively associated with forced vital capacity(FVC,–2.05%,95%CI:–3.11%to–0.97%),and associated with changes in inflammatory factors such as interleukin(IL)-2,IL-7,IL-8,and IL-13 in the low thyroid hormone group.The mediation analysis indicated a mediating effect of IL-2(15.63%,95%CI:0.91%to 44.64%)and IL-13(13.94%,95%CI:0.52%to 41.07%)in the association between BCIE exposure and FVC.Conclusion Lung function and inflammatory factors exhibited an increased sensitivity to organochlorine exposure at lower thyroid hormone levels,with inflammatory factors potentially mediating the adverse effects of organochlorines on lung function.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease(CTDILD)experience not only progressive respiratory impairment but also a significant psychological burden.The prevalence and impa...BACKGROUND Patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease(CTDILD)experience not only progressive respiratory impairment but also a significant psychological burden.The prevalence and impact of anxiety and depression and their intricate relationship with dyspnea severity and pulmonary function decline remain inadequately characterized in this population,hindering comprehensive care.AIM To explore the incidence of anxiety and depression in CTD-ILD and its relationship with dyspnea severity and pulmonary function index.METHODS Data of 100 patients with CTD-ILD(January 2022-June 2024)were retrospectively analyzed.Baseline demographic,pulmonary function[forced vital capacity(FVC%)and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide(DLCO%)],modified medical research council(mMRC)score,and psychological scale[generalized anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7)and patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)]were collected.Pulmonary function was reviewed every 3 months,and highresolution computed tomography was performed every 6 months following standardized treatment(glucocorticoids+immunosuppressive+anti-fibrosis agents).Pearson/Spearman correlation analysis,linear mixed effect model,and Cox regression were used to analyze the correlation between anxiety and depression and physiological indicators as well as the prognosis.RESULTS Baseline prevalence of moderate-to-severe anxiety(GAD-7≥10)and depression(PHQ-9≥10)was 38%and 42%,respectively.Following 24 weeks of treatment,pulmonary function(FVC%:72.11±13.08 vs 67.89±12.73;DLCO%:60.67±13.76 vs 55.32±13.95,both P<0.05),psychological scores(GAD-7 and PHQ-9,P<0.05),and inflammatory markers[C-reactive protein(CRP)and erythrocyte sedimentation,P<0.05]significantly improved.The levels of inflammatory indicators were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The GAD-7/PHQ-9 scores negatively correlated with FVC%and DLCO%(P<0.05)and positively correlated with the mMRC scores and CRP(P<0.05).The mixed model showed that for each one-point increase in GAD-7/PHQ-9,FVC%decreased by 0.412%/0.426%(P<0.01).Cox regression analysis showed that for every liter of GAD-7 and PHQ-9,the risk of pulmonary function deterioration increased by 12.8%and 14.2%,respectively(hazard ratio=1.128 and 1.142,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Anxiety and depression in patients with CTD-ILD constituted a bidirectional negative feedback loop involving pulmonary function impairment,inflammatory activity,and dyspnea.Psychological disorders were identified as independent risk factors for deterioration of pulmonary function.Psychological evaluation and intervention should be integrated clinically to block brain–lung axis-mediated neuroendocrine–immune network imbalance and improve prognosis.展开更多
Long-term exposure to fine particulate matters(PM_(2.5))has been associated with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and the burden are potentially higher in China experiencing heavy air pollution.In this study,we...Long-term exposure to fine particulate matters(PM_(2.5))has been associated with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and the burden are potentially higher in China experiencing heavy air pollution.In this study,we established the exposure-response association between long-term exposures to PM_(2.5)and lung function and blood pressure in Chinesemiddle-aged and older adults using linearmixed-effects and generalized additive mixedmodels based on 3 waves longitudinal health outcomes data by enrolling 19,988 participants from 121 cities across themainland of China.We also assessed the effect of Clean Air Policy(CAP)based on a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences(DID)design.A 10μg/m^(3)increase in PM_(2.5)concentration was associated with a 7.18(95%confidence interval[CI]:-8.35,-6.02)L/min decrease in PEF(peak expiratory flow)and a 0.72(95%[CI]:0.53,0.90)and a 0.30(95%[CI]:0.18,0.42)mmHg increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure,respectively.The associations were more pronounced in males and rural areas for PEF,but similar across subgroups for blood pressure.DID results suggested that the effect of CAP on health outcomes were sensitive tomagnitudes of reduction in PM_(2.5).A 5μg/m^(3)reduction in PM_(2.5)or more generally led to 18.70(95%[CI]:0.79,36.61)higher PEF and-2.05(95%[CI]:-3.87,-0.23)lower diastolic blood pressure,respectively,compared to no reduction or increase in exposure.However,the effects were significant only in rural areas.Our analysis support CAP aiming to benefit public health and provides insights to inform future control policy for efficiently decreasing air pollution exposure burden.展开更多
Human lung growth involves complex processes.Previous studies have suggested associations of prenatal ambient ozone(O_(3))exposure with impaired lung function,but the causal relationships remain unclear.In this cross-...Human lung growth involves complex processes.Previous studies have suggested associations of prenatal ambient ozone(O_(3))exposure with impaired lung function,but the causal relationships remain unclear.In this cross-sectional cohort study,pulmonary function tests were conducted on recruited participants.Prenatal exposure to the maximum daily 8 h average of daily O_(3)(MDA8 O_(3))and other environmental factors were estimated.Generalized linear model,generalized propensity score,and inverse probability weighting were used to investigate the causal relationship between MDA8 O_(3) and impaired lung function.Finally,a total of 1058 children were included.Each 10μg/m^(3) increase in MDA8 O_(3) during the entire pregnancy,the first trimester,and the third trimester was positively associated with the risk of impaired lung function in childhood,with odd ratios and 95%confidence intervals of 1.52(95%CI:1.06−2.18),1.22(95%CI:1.06−1.41),and 1.47(95%CI:1.19−1.83),respectively.The associations for participants exposed to a high ambient temperature(TM),low relative humidity(RH),and low residential greenness during the pregnancy were higher.Prenatal exposure to higher MDA8 O_(3) concentrations may cause impaired lung function in childhood.The adverse influence of the presence of O_(3) may be amplified by elevated ambient TM and attenuated by RH and residential greenness.展开更多
The high comorbidity rates of depression and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)have garnered widespread attention.As a refractory disease,its long-term stress effects exacerbate the coexistence of depression....The high comorbidity rates of depression and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)have garnered widespread attention.As a refractory disease,its long-term stress effects exacerbate the coexistence of depression.Depression is linked to a decline in lung function in patients with COPD through reduced heart rate variability,increased inflammatory cytokines,dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,and the interplay of various biological and psychological factors.Sole reliance on biomedical treatment cannot fully counteract these negative effects,which are detrimental to improving patients’quality of life and long-term prognosis.Antidepressant medications and traditional Chinese medicine combined with conventional COPD therapy,psychotherapy(e.g.,cognitive behavioral therapy,mindfulness training),and lifestyle adjustments(e.g.,yoga,qigong,or walking)can not only alleviate depression and compensate for the limitations of biomedical approaches but also help improve heart rate variability and lung function.In this editorial,we suggest that clinicians,when prescribing antidepressants,must carefully weigh the benefit-risk ratio based on the patient’s specific physical condition to ensure precise medication use.展开更多
BACKGROUND Depression is a common comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Research indicates that COPD affects cardiac au-tonomic control,and heart rate variability(HRV)serves as a sim...BACKGROUND Depression is a common comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Research indicates that COPD affects cardiac au-tonomic control,and heart rate variability(HRV)serves as a simple,non-invasive measure of autonomic nerve activity.However,the relationship between HRV and lung function,as well as the impact of depressive symptoms,remains un-clear.METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 120 COPD patients hospitalized from January 2018 to January 2024 at our institution was conducted.Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected,and depressive symptoms were asse-ssed using the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI).Patients were categorized into a depressed group(BDI≥16)and a non-depressed group(BDI<16).A control group consisting of 60 healthy volunteers who underwent check-ups at the same institution was also included.Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 software.Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine and compare the relationships between HRV parameters,lung function measures,and RESULTS Of the 120 patients with COPD,35.8%(43/120)were diagnosed with depression,compared to 5.0%(3/60)in the control group.The HRV index in COPD patients was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the value in the depressed group was significantly lower than that in the non-depressed group(P<0.05).Similarly,the COPD group had a significantly lower pulmonary forced vital capacity(FVC),first-second expiratory volume(FEV1)and FEV1/FVC ratios than the control group(P<0.05),and the depressed group was significantly lower than that in the non-depressed group(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the standard deviation of normal R-R intervals,standard deviation of the mean of 5-minute normal R-R intervals,root mean square of successive differences of normal R-R intervals,percentage of normal R-R intervals greater than 50 ms,high-frequency,and low-frequency indices showed positive correlations with lung function parameters(P<0.05)and negative correlations with BDI scores(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared to patients without COPD,the incidence of depressive symptoms is higher among patients with COPD and is negatively correlated with the patients’HRV indices.In contrast,HRV indices are positively correlated with the patients’pulmonary function parameters.Patients and healthcare professionals should enhance their awareness of depression,actively conduct depression assessment screenings,and incorporate HRV indices into disease management.This approach aims to improve the psychological health of patients and ultimately enhance their prognosis and quality of life.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effects of respiratory exercise rehabilitation nursing on self-care ability,lung function,and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:A total of 88...Objective:To explore the effects of respiratory exercise rehabilitation nursing on self-care ability,lung function,and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:A total of 88 patients with COPD admitted from February 2024 to February 2025 were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 44 patients in each group.The control group received routine nursing,while the experimental group received respiratory exercise rehabilitation nursing on the basis of routine nursing.After 12 weeks of intervention,the self-care ability,lung function,and quality of life of the two groups were compared.Results:After the intervention,the scores of each dimension and the total score of self-care ability in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.001).The improvement of lung function indicators such as FEV_(1),FVC,and FEV_(1)/FVC in the experimental group was better than that in the control group(p<0.001).The scores of each dimension and the total score of quality of life in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(p<0.001).Conclusion:Respiratory exercise rehabilitation nursing can effectively improve the self-care ability,lung function,and quality of life of patients with COPD,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.展开更多
Objective Post tuberculosis lung disease(PTLD)manifests in various forms,including tuberculosisassociated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(TB-COPD),yet the clinical features of PTLD remain undercharacterized.This...Objective Post tuberculosis lung disease(PTLD)manifests in various forms,including tuberculosisassociated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(TB-COPD),yet the clinical features of PTLD remain undercharacterized.This study aimed to assess longitudinal changes in lung function over a 5-year period and to identify predictors of airflow obstruction in a cohort of patients treated for active pulmonary TB.Methods Patients with active pulmonary TB were enrolled in this study and were followed during treatment,at treatment completion and five years post-treatment.Assessments included lung function and chest CT,analyzing longitudinal trends and airflow obstruction risk factors.Results Among 53 patients(mean age 36.9±13.9 years;64.2%male),7 patients(13.2%)exhibited airflow obstruction.At the 5-year follow-up,the mean FEV_(1)/FVC declined significantly(76.27%±12.04%vs.80.23%±11.02%,P<0.001)and 9 patients(17.0%)exhibited airflow obstruction.Seven of these patients predominantly showed air trapping consistent with small airway disease on chest CT,aligning with TB-COPD phenotype.Notably,four young-to-middle-aged patients(<60 years old)had persistent obstruction over the five years.Conclusion The initial test revealed that 13.2%of patients presented with airflow obstruction.By the 5-year follow-up,this proportion had increased to 17.0%,with most cases demonstrating imaging findings aligning with TB-COPD,even among younger,non-smoking individuals.These findings emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up and routine lung function assessments in TB survivors.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)with lung oligometastases,particularly in the presence of extrapulmonary disease,poses considerable therapeutic challenges in clinical practice.We have carefully studied the multicenter study by ...Colorectal cancer(CRC)with lung oligometastases,particularly in the presence of extrapulmonary disease,poses considerable therapeutic challenges in clinical practice.We have carefully studied the multicenter study by Hu et al,which evaluated the survival outcomes of patients with metastatic CRC who received image-guided thermal ablation(IGTA).These findings provide valuable clinical evidence supporting IGTA as a feasible,minimally invasive approach and underscore the prognostic significance of metastatic distribution.However,the study by Hu et al has several limitations,including that not all pulmonary lesions were pathologically confirmed,postoperative follow-up mainly relied on dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography,no comparative analysis was performed with other local treatments,and the impact of other imaging features on efficacy and prognosis was not evaluated.Future studies should include complete pathological confirmation,integrate functional imaging and radiomics,and use prospective multicenter collaboration to optimize patient selection standards for IGTA treatment,strengthen its clinical evidence base,and ultimately promote individualized decision-making for patients with metastatic CRC.展开更多
Acute lung injury(ALl)is characterized by a sudden decline in pulmonary gas exchange function due to various pathological factors,with severe cases progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).ARDS affects...Acute lung injury(ALl)is characterized by a sudden decline in pulmonary gas exchange function due to various pathological factors,with severe cases progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).ARDS affects approximately 3million patients annually,accounting for 10% of intensive care unit admissions[1].展开更多
Objective:Long-term survivors(LS)of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)without driver alterations,displaying an overall survival(OS)of more than 3 years,comprise around 10%of cases in several series treated with chemoth...Objective:Long-term survivors(LS)of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)without driver alterations,displaying an overall survival(OS)of more than 3 years,comprise around 10%of cases in several series treated with chemotherapy.There are classical prognosis factors for these cases[stage,Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG),etc.],but more data are required in the literature.In this multi-center study,we focused on LS of advanced NSCLC with OS above 36 months to perform a clinical-pathological and molecular characterization.Methods:In the first step,we conducted a clinical-pathological characterization of the patients.Afterwards,we carried out a genetic analysis by comparing LS to a sample of short-term survivors(SS)(with an OS less than 9 months).We initially used whole-genome RNA-seq to identify differentiating profiles of LS and SS,and later confirmed these with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)for the rest of the samples.Results:A total of 94 patients were included,who were mainly men,former smokers,having adenocarcinoma(AC)-type NSCLC with an ECOG of 0-1.We obtained an initial differential transcriptome expression,displaying 5 over-and 33 under-expressed genes involved in different pathways:namely,the secretin receptor,surfactant protein,trefoil factor 1(T FF1),serpin,Ca-channels,and Tolllike receptor(TLRs)families.Finally,RT-PCR analysis of 40(20 LS/20 SS)samples confirmed that four genes(surfactant proteins and SFTP)were significantly down-regulated in SS compared to LS by using an analysis of covariance(ANCOVA)model:SFTPA1(P=0.023),SFTPA2(P=0.027),SFTPB{P=0.02),and SFT PC(P=0.047).Conclusions:We present a sequential genetic analysis of a sample of NSCLCLS with no driver alterations,obtaining a differential RNA-seq/RT-PCR profile showing an abnormal expression of SF genes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality among cancers.Surgery is currently one of the primary methods of treating lung cancer.Although it can slow down the progression of the dise...BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality among cancers.Surgery is currently one of the primary methods of treating lung cancer.Although it can slow down the progression of the disease by removing the lesion,this invasive surgery inevitably damages the integrity of the patient’s chest.Moreover,the patient’s pulmonary function may have a low compensatory capacity after surgery,causing various respiratory diseases such as atelectasis,respiratory function decline,and even serious cardiovascular disease.All of these have great negative impacts on the surgical effect and the prognosis of patients.With the continuous exploration and development of nursing,continuous nursing and respiratory exercise nursing have been gradually applied in the nursing of patients after lung cancer surgery,and have achieved good nursing results.AIM To investigate the effect of continuous nursing combined with respiratory exercise nursing on the pulmonary function of postoperative patients with lung cancer.METHODS A total of 80 patients with lung cancer who underwent surgery in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects.All subjects were randomly divided into the control group(n=40 cases)and the experimental group(n=40 cases).Patients with lung cancer in the control group were given conventional nursing after surgery,while the experimental group was given continuous nursing combined with respiratory exercise nursing based on conventional nursing.The recovery of pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms was observed before and after 3 mo of intervention in both groups.The pulmonary function parameters,blood gas analysis,MD Anderson Symptom Inventory-lung cancer module(MDASI-LC)scores,incidence of pulmonary complications,and Morisky compliance scores were compared between the two groups before and after 3 mo of intervention.RESULTS There was no significant difference in pulmonary function and blood gas analysis between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).3 mo after the intervention,the pulmonary function parameters in the experimental group(SpO2,VC,MVV,FEV1,FEV1%pred,and FEV1/FVC)were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in blood gas analysis between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).PaO2 in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and PaCO_(2) was significantly lower than that in the control group 3 mo after the intervention.The difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).3 mo after the intervention,the MDASI score of respiratory symptoms in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the incidence of pulmonary complications was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).In addition,the treatment compliance and nursing satisfaction of patients in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Continuous nursing combined with respiratory exercise nursing can significantly accelerate the recovery of respiratory function in postoperative lung cancer patients,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications of lung cancer as well as improve the treatment compliance of patients.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the effects of health insurance status on long-term cancer-specific survival of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) in Beijing, China, using a population-based cancer registry data.Methods: Inform...Objective: To evaluate the effects of health insurance status on long-term cancer-specific survival of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) in Beijing, China, using a population-based cancer registry data.Methods: Information on NSCLC patients diagnosed in 2008 was derived from the Beijing Cancer Registry.The medical records of 1,134 cases were sampled and re-surveyed to obtain information on potential risk factors.Poorly-insured status was defined as Uninsured and New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance Scheme(NRCMS),while well-insured included Urban Employees Basic Medical Insurance(UEBMI) and Free Medical Care(FMC).To estimate survival outcomes, individuals were followed-up until December 31, 2018. Cancer-specific survival probabilities at 5 and 10 years after diagnosis were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank test was used to compare long-term survival with different characteristics. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to examine the relative effect of insurance status on cancer-specific mortality.Results: Well-insured NSCLC patients have longer cancer-specific survival than poorly-insured individuals[hazard ratio(HR)=0.81;95% confidence interval(95% CI): 0.67-0.97), even after adjusting for age, gender, cancer stage, smoking status, family history and residential area. Older age and rural residence were associated with a higher risk of cancer-specific mortality(HR=1.03;95% CI: 1.02-1.03 and HR=1.25;95% CI: 1.07-1.46,respectively). Smoking individuals had a 41% higher long-term cancer-specific mortality risk than non-smoking ones(HR=1.41;95% CI: 1.20-1.66).Conclusions: NSCLC patients with good insurance status had better survival rates than those with poor insurance. An association was significant even after 10 years. Large population-based studies are needed to validate that high reimbursement insurance status can lead to the improvement of long-term cancer prognosis in China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Both pulmonary rehabilitation training and psychological care have been shown to have a positive effect on the postoperative recovery of patients with lung cancer.However,few studies have combined the two t...BACKGROUND Both pulmonary rehabilitation training and psychological care have been shown to have a positive effect on the postoperative recovery of patients with lung cancer.However,few studies have combined the two to explore their combined effect.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the effects of pulmonary rehabil-itation training combined with psychological care on postoperative respiratory function and mental health in lung cancer patients.AIM To investigate effect of nursing on postoperative respiratory function and mental health of lung cancer patients.METHODS 122 cases of lung cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital and were treated in our department from January 2022 to April 2023 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and observation group.The control group performed the routine care intervention.The obser-vation group was given pulmonary rehabilitation training and psychological care based on conventional nursing interventions.Forced expiratory volume,forced vital capacity.Maximum ventilatory volume(MVV)in one second was measured,and the patient's 6-min walking distance and dyspnoea index scale were used to assess the patient's respiratory condition.The Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were used to evaluate the mental health of the patients.RESULTS There was no difference between the two groups regarding age,gender,education level,surgical procedure,type of pathology,and treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,MVV,6-min walking distance,toughness,strength,optimism,and total CD-RISC scores were significantly higher in the observation group(P<0.05),dyspnoea scores,SAS,and SDS scores were substantially lower in the control group compared to the observation group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Pulmonary rehabilitation training combined with psychological care for patients after lung cancer resection could improve lung function,enhance daily activities,effectively relieve negative emotions such as anxiety and depression,and reduce complications.展开更多
Paraquat is a broad-spectrum herbicide known to produce lung injury via oxidative stress-mediated mechanisms. Different pharmacological strategies have been explored to reduce the formation of these reactive oxygen sp...Paraquat is a broad-spectrum herbicide known to produce lung injury via oxidative stress-mediated mechanisms. Different pharmacological strategies have been explored to reduce the formation of these reactive oxygen species and/or prevent their toxic effects in the treatment of paraquat poisoning. The present study was carried out to investigate whether the antioxidant (L-tocopherol, incorporated into liposomes and delivered directly to the lungs of rats, could protect the organ against the long-term toxic effects of paraquat.Plain liposomes (composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, DPPC) or α-tocopherol liposomes (8 mg α-tocopherol/kg body weight) were administered intratracheally to animals 24 h prior to an intraperitoneal injection of paraquat dichloride (20 mg/kg) and rats wefe killed 0, 1, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 19 or 24 days after paraquat treatment. Results of this study showed that lungs of animals treated with paraquat were extensively damaged,as evidenced by significant increases in lung weight and decreases in lung angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and alkaline phosphatase enzyme (AKP) activities. Moreover,paraquat treatme; resulted in a significant reduction in the number of neutrophils in the blood of rats with a concurrent increase in the pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity,suggestive of neutrophil infiltration in the lungs of treated animals. Pretreatment of rats with liposomes alone did not significantly alter the paraquat-induced changes of all parameters examined. On the other hand, pretreatment of rats with (t-tocopherol liposomes,24 h prior to paraquat challenge, attenuated paraquat-induced changes in ACE, AKP and myeloperoxidase activities but failed to prevent increases in lung weight. Thus, pretreatment of rats with liposome-associated α-tocopherol appears to protect the lung against some of the toxic effects of paraquat展开更多
Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent in developed and developing countries among children and adolescents. During the last two decades, it became evident that excess weight is adversely related to respiratory h...Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent in developed and developing countries among children and adolescents. During the last two decades, it became evident that excess weight is adversely related to respiratory health in childhood and adolescence mainly in terms of asthma occurrence. Additionally, there is a mounting body of evidence that overweight/obesity may also affect lung function in non-asthmatic subjects. The aim of this review was to present and discuss the studies that investigated this issue in non-asthmatic children and adolescents. Only a few studies have evaluated the impact of excess weight on static volumes and their results point towards an inverse relationship between overweight/obesity and functional residual capacity. More studies have been conducted on the impact of excess weight on dynamic lung volumes with inconsistent, however, results. Nevertheless, a relatively consistent finding was that the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity was significantly lower among overweight/obese children compared to their counterparts with normal weight. The underlying mechanisms of these observations have not been adequately elucidated but it is believed to result from complex interaction of mechanical, developmental, and metabolic causes. There is a need for more welldesigned studies in order to clarify the impact of excess weight on lung function in non-asthmatic subjects, as well as to explore the contribution of factors such as duration and degree of obesity, and fat distribution. Despite the absence of conclusive data, there are stillconvincing evidence to be communicated to the children and their families as part of the arguments to encourage them to adopt a healthier lifestyle.展开更多
The effect of short-term exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)on the respiratory system among healthy residents is unclear.Beijing and Baoding are typical polluted cities in China,and there is little rese...The effect of short-term exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)on the respiratory system among healthy residents is unclear.Beijing and Baoding are typical polluted cities in China,and there is little research on PAH exposure and its health effects at the individual level.Fourteen healthy female office workers were recruited in urban Beijing and Baoding,China,in 2019.The personal exposure to fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))-bound PAHs and lung function were seasonally monitored.The relationships between PAH exposure and lung function were determined by a generalized mixed linear model.Subjects were exposed to high levels of PAH,in which the benzo[a]pyrene(BaP)level(1.26 ng/m^(3))was over than Chinese national indoor standard(1 ng/m^(3)).All PAHs concentration was higher in winter than that in summer and autumn.Only benz[a]anthracene(BaA)and chrysene(Chr)exposure showed weak relations with decreased lung function,i.e.,a 0.58% and 0.73% decrease in peak expiratory flow at lag 2 day,respectively(p<0.05).PAHs may not be suitable exposure indicators for short-term change in lung function.Our findings highlight the importance of reducing PAH pollution for public respiratory health protection in heavy-polluted cities of China.This pilot study also provides experience on personal PAH assessment such as estimation of the number of repeated measurements required,which is helpful to determine the relationship between PAH exposure and health effect.展开更多
Objective. To study the difference of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in high-resolution computerized tomography and pulmonary function test among different connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Methods. 209 patients w...Objective. To study the difference of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in high-resolution computerized tomography and pulmonary function test among different connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Methods. 209 patients with different CTDs were recruited and underwent lung HRCT and PFT. Eerythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum ferritin (SF), anti-SSA, and so on were tested. Based on HRCT, a patient was classified into ILD group (CTD+ILD) or non-ILD group (CTD-ILD). HRCT, PFT, and laboratory markers were compared according to CTDs and CTD-associated ILDs. Results. The incidences of ILD were 79.6%, 82.0%, 89.7%, and 97.1% respectively for Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary Sjogren’s symptom (pSS), dermatomyositis/polymyositis (DM/PM), and systemic sclerosis (SSc) groups. RA and pSS patients exhibited more nodules, patching, ground-glass opacity, and cord shadow foci in HRCT, DM/PM and SSc patients exhibited more reticular opacity and honeycombing foci. RA and pSS patients exhibited more obstructive ventilatory disorder, small airway dysfunction and emphysema in PFT, and DM/PM and SSc patients exhibited more restrictive ventilatory disorder, mixed ventilatory disorder. ESR, CRP and SF were significantly higher in total CTD+ILD group than in total CTD-ILD group (P = 0.047, 0.006, 0.004, respectively), and higher in different CTD+ ILD groups than in comparable CTD-ILD groups (P = 0.049, 0.048, and 0.023, pSS+ILD, SSc+ILD and RA+ILD compared to pSS-ILD, SSc-ILD and RA-ILD, respectively for ESR, CRP, SF). The positive rate of anti-SSA was significantly higher in DM/PM+ILD group than in DM/PM-ILD group (P = 0.025). Conclusions. The manifestations and incidences of ILDs differ among different CTDs in HRCT and PFT, and inflammation and anti-SSA are positively correlated with ILDs in different CTDs, which provide important evidences for judging disease condition and prognosis.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> A dual bronchodilator, long-acting anticholine drugs (glycopyrronium, LAMA) and the long running <em>β</em>-<sub>2</sub> stimulant (indacaterol, LABA),...<strong>Background:</strong> A dual bronchodilator, long-acting anticholine drugs (glycopyrronium, LAMA) and the long running <em>β</em>-<sub>2</sub> stimulant (indacaterol, LABA), are effective for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To evaluate the effectiveness of the perioperative intervention of LAMA/LABA, a randomized prospective trial was performed for the lung cancer patients receiving a lobectomy with normal pulmonary function and COPD. <strong>Methods:</strong> Based on the results of the preoperative pulmonary function test, 25 patients were diagnosed with COPD [% forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV<sub>1</sub>) < 70%]. Thirty-seven patients were enrolled as non-obstructive patients (70% ≤ %FEV<sub>1</sub>), who were randomized into two groups, the LAMA/LABA (n = 19) and the Control group (n = 18). The LAMA/LABA and the COPD groups daily received inhaled LAMA (50 μg) and LABA (110 μg) for 1 week before surgery and for least 4 weeks after surgery. The Control group had no treatment of the dual bronchodilator. The actual values were measured during the perioperative pulmonary function at three points of the preoperative baseline, the postoperative 1 week and the postoperative 4 weeks;these changes and changed ratios were then calculated. The patient-reported outcomes of the quality of life (PRO-QOL) were evaluated by the Cancer Dyspnea Scale (CDS), the COPD assessment test, and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire. <strong>Results:</strong> Regarding the value of FEV<sub>1</sub> at the baseline, that in the LAMA/LABA group was 79.2% ± 6.4% and that in the Control group was 80.9% ± 6.4%, but that in the COPD groups was 57.9% ± 8.7%;there was a significant difference between the COPD and the Control group (p < 0.0001). At the postoperative 1 week point, the FEV<sub>1</sub> value in the Control group was 1.3 ± 0.5 L and that in the LAMA/LABA group was 1.7 ± 0.5 L. On the other hand, that in the COPD group was 1.7 ± 0.5 L, which was significantly higher compared to that in the Control group (p = 0.0251 and p = 0.0369). The intervention of LAMA/LABA for the COPD and non-obstructive patients resulted in the less decreased degree of the pulmonary function in FEV<sub>1</sub> compared to that in the Control group. Based on the PRO-QOL by the CDS, the intervention of LAMA/LABA significantly reduced the total dyspnea in the LAMA/LABA group compared to that in the Control group (p = 0.0348). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The perioperative intervention of LAMA/LABA should lead to maintaining the postoperative pulmonary function of the FEV<sub>1</sub> during the lobectomy with COPD and non-obstructive patients and the improvement of PRO-QOL.展开更多
基金providing by the Shenzhen City Nanshan District Science and Technology Plan Project(Medical and Health Category)(Grant No.2018073)。
文摘Objective:To assess whether there is a correlation between CT scan severity score and pulmonary function in Interstitial Lung Disease,and provide a more reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Materials and Methods:Sixty patients with clinical diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease(ILD)were collected,and chest CT and pulmonary function tests were performed at the same time.Here DLCO%and FEV1%were used as the pulmonary function indexes.The severity of the patients was assessed by CT scores as mild(range,1~10),moderate(range 11~20),and severe(range 21~30).Correlation analysis was carried out between CT score and pulmonary function index,and the lung function parameters of patients at three grades were compared between groups and pairwise among the means.Results:As per the CT severity classification,there were 13 mild cases,31 moderate cases,and 16 severe cases.CT score was negatively correlated with DLCO%and FEV1%.R value was-0.814 and-0.797,respectively;The comparison of the mean value of DLCO%and FEV1%among the three groups and the pairings of the mean value of DLCO%and FEV1%were statistically significant.Conclusion:There was good correlation between CT score of ILD and the pulmonary function index.The pulmonary function index of patients with different CT severity grading was statistically significant,which can provide a new basis for the clinical evaluation and diagnosis of the disease.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3702700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82025030)the National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control of China(No.DQGG0401)。
文摘Objective To examine the mechanistic of organochlorine-associated changes in lung function.Methods This study investigated 76 healthy older adults in Jinan,Shandong Province,over a fivemonth period.Personal exposure to organochlorines was quantified using wearable passive samplers,while inflammatory factors and thyroid hormones were analyzed from blood samples.Participants’lung function was evaluated.After stratifying participants according to their thyroid hormone levels,we analyzed the differential effects of organochlorine exposure on lung function and inflammatory factors across the low and high thyroid hormone groups.Mediation analysis was further conducted to elucidate the relationships among organochlorine exposures,inflammatory factors,and lung function.Results Bis(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)ether(BCIE),was negatively associated with forced vital capacity(FVC,–2.05%,95%CI:–3.11%to–0.97%),and associated with changes in inflammatory factors such as interleukin(IL)-2,IL-7,IL-8,and IL-13 in the low thyroid hormone group.The mediation analysis indicated a mediating effect of IL-2(15.63%,95%CI:0.91%to 44.64%)and IL-13(13.94%,95%CI:0.52%to 41.07%)in the association between BCIE exposure and FVC.Conclusion Lung function and inflammatory factors exhibited an increased sensitivity to organochlorine exposure at lower thyroid hormone levels,with inflammatory factors potentially mediating the adverse effects of organochlorines on lung function.
基金Supported by Construction of a High-level Research-oriented Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,No.YC-2023-0901.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease(CTDILD)experience not only progressive respiratory impairment but also a significant psychological burden.The prevalence and impact of anxiety and depression and their intricate relationship with dyspnea severity and pulmonary function decline remain inadequately characterized in this population,hindering comprehensive care.AIM To explore the incidence of anxiety and depression in CTD-ILD and its relationship with dyspnea severity and pulmonary function index.METHODS Data of 100 patients with CTD-ILD(January 2022-June 2024)were retrospectively analyzed.Baseline demographic,pulmonary function[forced vital capacity(FVC%)and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide(DLCO%)],modified medical research council(mMRC)score,and psychological scale[generalized anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7)and patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)]were collected.Pulmonary function was reviewed every 3 months,and highresolution computed tomography was performed every 6 months following standardized treatment(glucocorticoids+immunosuppressive+anti-fibrosis agents).Pearson/Spearman correlation analysis,linear mixed effect model,and Cox regression were used to analyze the correlation between anxiety and depression and physiological indicators as well as the prognosis.RESULTS Baseline prevalence of moderate-to-severe anxiety(GAD-7≥10)and depression(PHQ-9≥10)was 38%and 42%,respectively.Following 24 weeks of treatment,pulmonary function(FVC%:72.11±13.08 vs 67.89±12.73;DLCO%:60.67±13.76 vs 55.32±13.95,both P<0.05),psychological scores(GAD-7 and PHQ-9,P<0.05),and inflammatory markers[C-reactive protein(CRP)and erythrocyte sedimentation,P<0.05]significantly improved.The levels of inflammatory indicators were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The GAD-7/PHQ-9 scores negatively correlated with FVC%and DLCO%(P<0.05)and positively correlated with the mMRC scores and CRP(P<0.05).The mixed model showed that for each one-point increase in GAD-7/PHQ-9,FVC%decreased by 0.412%/0.426%(P<0.01).Cox regression analysis showed that for every liter of GAD-7 and PHQ-9,the risk of pulmonary function deterioration increased by 12.8%and 14.2%,respectively(hazard ratio=1.128 and 1.142,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Anxiety and depression in patients with CTD-ILD constituted a bidirectional negative feedback loop involving pulmonary function impairment,inflammatory activity,and dyspnea.Psychological disorders were identified as independent risk factors for deterioration of pulmonary function.Psychological evaluation and intervention should be integrated clinically to block brain–lung axis-mediated neuroendocrine–immune network imbalance and improve prognosis.
基金supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences(NIEHS)of United States(No.R00ES027511)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42201303).
文摘Long-term exposure to fine particulate matters(PM_(2.5))has been associated with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and the burden are potentially higher in China experiencing heavy air pollution.In this study,we established the exposure-response association between long-term exposures to PM_(2.5)and lung function and blood pressure in Chinesemiddle-aged and older adults using linearmixed-effects and generalized additive mixedmodels based on 3 waves longitudinal health outcomes data by enrolling 19,988 participants from 121 cities across themainland of China.We also assessed the effect of Clean Air Policy(CAP)based on a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences(DID)design.A 10μg/m^(3)increase in PM_(2.5)concentration was associated with a 7.18(95%confidence interval[CI]:-8.35,-6.02)L/min decrease in PEF(peak expiratory flow)and a 0.72(95%[CI]:0.53,0.90)and a 0.30(95%[CI]:0.18,0.42)mmHg increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure,respectively.The associations were more pronounced in males and rural areas for PEF,but similar across subgroups for blood pressure.DID results suggested that the effect of CAP on health outcomes were sensitive tomagnitudes of reduction in PM_(2.5).A 5μg/m^(3)reduction in PM_(2.5)or more generally led to 18.70(95%[CI]:0.79,36.61)higher PEF and-2.05(95%[CI]:-3.87,-0.23)lower diastolic blood pressure,respectively,compared to no reduction or increase in exposure.However,the effects were significant only in rural areas.Our analysis support CAP aiming to benefit public health and provides insights to inform future control policy for efficiently decreasing air pollution exposure burden.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42175181 and 42375180)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2024A1515012088)the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation General Program(2025A1515011676).
文摘Human lung growth involves complex processes.Previous studies have suggested associations of prenatal ambient ozone(O_(3))exposure with impaired lung function,but the causal relationships remain unclear.In this cross-sectional cohort study,pulmonary function tests were conducted on recruited participants.Prenatal exposure to the maximum daily 8 h average of daily O_(3)(MDA8 O_(3))and other environmental factors were estimated.Generalized linear model,generalized propensity score,and inverse probability weighting were used to investigate the causal relationship between MDA8 O_(3) and impaired lung function.Finally,a total of 1058 children were included.Each 10μg/m^(3) increase in MDA8 O_(3) during the entire pregnancy,the first trimester,and the third trimester was positively associated with the risk of impaired lung function in childhood,with odd ratios and 95%confidence intervals of 1.52(95%CI:1.06−2.18),1.22(95%CI:1.06−1.41),and 1.47(95%CI:1.19−1.83),respectively.The associations for participants exposed to a high ambient temperature(TM),low relative humidity(RH),and low residential greenness during the pregnancy were higher.Prenatal exposure to higher MDA8 O_(3) concentrations may cause impaired lung function in childhood.The adverse influence of the presence of O_(3) may be amplified by elevated ambient TM and attenuated by RH and residential greenness.
文摘The high comorbidity rates of depression and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)have garnered widespread attention.As a refractory disease,its long-term stress effects exacerbate the coexistence of depression.Depression is linked to a decline in lung function in patients with COPD through reduced heart rate variability,increased inflammatory cytokines,dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,and the interplay of various biological and psychological factors.Sole reliance on biomedical treatment cannot fully counteract these negative effects,which are detrimental to improving patients’quality of life and long-term prognosis.Antidepressant medications and traditional Chinese medicine combined with conventional COPD therapy,psychotherapy(e.g.,cognitive behavioral therapy,mindfulness training),and lifestyle adjustments(e.g.,yoga,qigong,or walking)can not only alleviate depression and compensate for the limitations of biomedical approaches but also help improve heart rate variability and lung function.In this editorial,we suggest that clinicians,when prescribing antidepressants,must carefully weigh the benefit-risk ratio based on the patient’s specific physical condition to ensure precise medication use.
基金Supported by the Zhangjiakou City Science and Technology Research Plan,No.1821110D.
文摘BACKGROUND Depression is a common comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Research indicates that COPD affects cardiac au-tonomic control,and heart rate variability(HRV)serves as a simple,non-invasive measure of autonomic nerve activity.However,the relationship between HRV and lung function,as well as the impact of depressive symptoms,remains un-clear.METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 120 COPD patients hospitalized from January 2018 to January 2024 at our institution was conducted.Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected,and depressive symptoms were asse-ssed using the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI).Patients were categorized into a depressed group(BDI≥16)and a non-depressed group(BDI<16).A control group consisting of 60 healthy volunteers who underwent check-ups at the same institution was also included.Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 software.Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine and compare the relationships between HRV parameters,lung function measures,and RESULTS Of the 120 patients with COPD,35.8%(43/120)were diagnosed with depression,compared to 5.0%(3/60)in the control group.The HRV index in COPD patients was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the value in the depressed group was significantly lower than that in the non-depressed group(P<0.05).Similarly,the COPD group had a significantly lower pulmonary forced vital capacity(FVC),first-second expiratory volume(FEV1)and FEV1/FVC ratios than the control group(P<0.05),and the depressed group was significantly lower than that in the non-depressed group(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the standard deviation of normal R-R intervals,standard deviation of the mean of 5-minute normal R-R intervals,root mean square of successive differences of normal R-R intervals,percentage of normal R-R intervals greater than 50 ms,high-frequency,and low-frequency indices showed positive correlations with lung function parameters(P<0.05)and negative correlations with BDI scores(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared to patients without COPD,the incidence of depressive symptoms is higher among patients with COPD and is negatively correlated with the patients’HRV indices.In contrast,HRV indices are positively correlated with the patients’pulmonary function parameters.Patients and healthcare professionals should enhance their awareness of depression,actively conduct depression assessment screenings,and incorporate HRV indices into disease management.This approach aims to improve the psychological health of patients and ultimately enhance their prognosis and quality of life.
基金Baoding Science and Technology Plan(Project No.:2541ZF096)。
文摘Objective:To explore the effects of respiratory exercise rehabilitation nursing on self-care ability,lung function,and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:A total of 88 patients with COPD admitted from February 2024 to February 2025 were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 44 patients in each group.The control group received routine nursing,while the experimental group received respiratory exercise rehabilitation nursing on the basis of routine nursing.After 12 weeks of intervention,the self-care ability,lung function,and quality of life of the two groups were compared.Results:After the intervention,the scores of each dimension and the total score of self-care ability in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.001).The improvement of lung function indicators such as FEV_(1),FVC,and FEV_(1)/FVC in the experimental group was better than that in the control group(p<0.001).The scores of each dimension and the total score of quality of life in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(p<0.001).Conclusion:Respiratory exercise rehabilitation nursing can effectively improve the self-care ability,lung function,and quality of life of patients with COPD,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project for the Prevention and Control of Emerging and Major Infectious Diseases[2025ZD01908702]Peking University Medicine Fund of Fostering Young Scholars’Scientific&Technological innovation[BMU2024YFJHP014]supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities+1 种基金Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital[BYSYZD2022014]Peking University Third Hospital[2025024].
文摘Objective Post tuberculosis lung disease(PTLD)manifests in various forms,including tuberculosisassociated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(TB-COPD),yet the clinical features of PTLD remain undercharacterized.This study aimed to assess longitudinal changes in lung function over a 5-year period and to identify predictors of airflow obstruction in a cohort of patients treated for active pulmonary TB.Methods Patients with active pulmonary TB were enrolled in this study and were followed during treatment,at treatment completion and five years post-treatment.Assessments included lung function and chest CT,analyzing longitudinal trends and airflow obstruction risk factors.Results Among 53 patients(mean age 36.9±13.9 years;64.2%male),7 patients(13.2%)exhibited airflow obstruction.At the 5-year follow-up,the mean FEV_(1)/FVC declined significantly(76.27%±12.04%vs.80.23%±11.02%,P<0.001)and 9 patients(17.0%)exhibited airflow obstruction.Seven of these patients predominantly showed air trapping consistent with small airway disease on chest CT,aligning with TB-COPD phenotype.Notably,four young-to-middle-aged patients(<60 years old)had persistent obstruction over the five years.Conclusion The initial test revealed that 13.2%of patients presented with airflow obstruction.By the 5-year follow-up,this proportion had increased to 17.0%,with most cases demonstrating imaging findings aligning with TB-COPD,even among younger,non-smoking individuals.These findings emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up and routine lung function assessments in TB survivors.
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)with lung oligometastases,particularly in the presence of extrapulmonary disease,poses considerable therapeutic challenges in clinical practice.We have carefully studied the multicenter study by Hu et al,which evaluated the survival outcomes of patients with metastatic CRC who received image-guided thermal ablation(IGTA).These findings provide valuable clinical evidence supporting IGTA as a feasible,minimally invasive approach and underscore the prognostic significance of metastatic distribution.However,the study by Hu et al has several limitations,including that not all pulmonary lesions were pathologically confirmed,postoperative follow-up mainly relied on dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography,no comparative analysis was performed with other local treatments,and the impact of other imaging features on efficacy and prognosis was not evaluated.Future studies should include complete pathological confirmation,integrate functional imaging and radiomics,and use prospective multicenter collaboration to optimize patient selection standards for IGTA treatment,strengthen its clinical evidence base,and ultimately promote individualized decision-making for patients with metastatic CRC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(81970011,81970070,82100086,and 82270390)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2025AFC006)+2 种基金the research fund from Medical Sci-Tech Innovation Platform of Zhongnan Hospital,Wuhan University(PTXM2025032)the Basic Medicine-Clinical Medicine Transformation Collaborative Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,the Hubei Province Inno-vation Platform Construction Project(20204201117303072238)the Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Model Animal.
文摘Acute lung injury(ALl)is characterized by a sudden decline in pulmonary gas exchange function due to various pathological factors,with severe cases progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).ARDS affects approximately 3million patients annually,accounting for 10% of intensive care unit admissions[1].
基金the following groups for aiding in the creation of this study:all the patients and their families for permitting the review of all the information included in this study,the“day hospital”workers from all the hospitals involved,the Carlos III Health Institute,the IMDEA Research Institute on Food 8c Health Sciences,the Spanish Ministry of Science(Plan Nacional I+D+i AGL2016-76736-C3)the Regional Government of Community of Madrid(S2018/BAA-4343)the Ramon Areces Foundation,the EU Structural Funds and the AECC(Spanish Association Against Cancer).Thanks to Scribendi editing and proofreading services for final manuscript review.
文摘Objective:Long-term survivors(LS)of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)without driver alterations,displaying an overall survival(OS)of more than 3 years,comprise around 10%of cases in several series treated with chemotherapy.There are classical prognosis factors for these cases[stage,Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG),etc.],but more data are required in the literature.In this multi-center study,we focused on LS of advanced NSCLC with OS above 36 months to perform a clinical-pathological and molecular characterization.Methods:In the first step,we conducted a clinical-pathological characterization of the patients.Afterwards,we carried out a genetic analysis by comparing LS to a sample of short-term survivors(SS)(with an OS less than 9 months).We initially used whole-genome RNA-seq to identify differentiating profiles of LS and SS,and later confirmed these with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)for the rest of the samples.Results:A total of 94 patients were included,who were mainly men,former smokers,having adenocarcinoma(AC)-type NSCLC with an ECOG of 0-1.We obtained an initial differential transcriptome expression,displaying 5 over-and 33 under-expressed genes involved in different pathways:namely,the secretin receptor,surfactant protein,trefoil factor 1(T FF1),serpin,Ca-channels,and Tolllike receptor(TLRs)families.Finally,RT-PCR analysis of 40(20 LS/20 SS)samples confirmed that four genes(surfactant proteins and SFTP)were significantly down-regulated in SS compared to LS by using an analysis of covariance(ANCOVA)model:SFTPA1(P=0.023),SFTPA2(P=0.027),SFTPB{P=0.02),and SFT PC(P=0.047).Conclusions:We present a sequential genetic analysis of a sample of NSCLCLS with no driver alterations,obtaining a differential RNA-seq/RT-PCR profile showing an abnormal expression of SF genes.
文摘BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality among cancers.Surgery is currently one of the primary methods of treating lung cancer.Although it can slow down the progression of the disease by removing the lesion,this invasive surgery inevitably damages the integrity of the patient’s chest.Moreover,the patient’s pulmonary function may have a low compensatory capacity after surgery,causing various respiratory diseases such as atelectasis,respiratory function decline,and even serious cardiovascular disease.All of these have great negative impacts on the surgical effect and the prognosis of patients.With the continuous exploration and development of nursing,continuous nursing and respiratory exercise nursing have been gradually applied in the nursing of patients after lung cancer surgery,and have achieved good nursing results.AIM To investigate the effect of continuous nursing combined with respiratory exercise nursing on the pulmonary function of postoperative patients with lung cancer.METHODS A total of 80 patients with lung cancer who underwent surgery in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects.All subjects were randomly divided into the control group(n=40 cases)and the experimental group(n=40 cases).Patients with lung cancer in the control group were given conventional nursing after surgery,while the experimental group was given continuous nursing combined with respiratory exercise nursing based on conventional nursing.The recovery of pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms was observed before and after 3 mo of intervention in both groups.The pulmonary function parameters,blood gas analysis,MD Anderson Symptom Inventory-lung cancer module(MDASI-LC)scores,incidence of pulmonary complications,and Morisky compliance scores were compared between the two groups before and after 3 mo of intervention.RESULTS There was no significant difference in pulmonary function and blood gas analysis between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).3 mo after the intervention,the pulmonary function parameters in the experimental group(SpO2,VC,MVV,FEV1,FEV1%pred,and FEV1/FVC)were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in blood gas analysis between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).PaO2 in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and PaCO_(2) was significantly lower than that in the control group 3 mo after the intervention.The difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).3 mo after the intervention,the MDASI score of respiratory symptoms in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the incidence of pulmonary complications was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).In addition,the treatment compliance and nursing satisfaction of patients in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Continuous nursing combined with respiratory exercise nursing can significantly accelerate the recovery of respiratory function in postoperative lung cancer patients,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications of lung cancer as well as improve the treatment compliance of patients.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81600070)Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital (No.2020-10)。
文摘Objective: To evaluate the effects of health insurance status on long-term cancer-specific survival of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) in Beijing, China, using a population-based cancer registry data.Methods: Information on NSCLC patients diagnosed in 2008 was derived from the Beijing Cancer Registry.The medical records of 1,134 cases were sampled and re-surveyed to obtain information on potential risk factors.Poorly-insured status was defined as Uninsured and New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance Scheme(NRCMS),while well-insured included Urban Employees Basic Medical Insurance(UEBMI) and Free Medical Care(FMC).To estimate survival outcomes, individuals were followed-up until December 31, 2018. Cancer-specific survival probabilities at 5 and 10 years after diagnosis were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank test was used to compare long-term survival with different characteristics. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to examine the relative effect of insurance status on cancer-specific mortality.Results: Well-insured NSCLC patients have longer cancer-specific survival than poorly-insured individuals[hazard ratio(HR)=0.81;95% confidence interval(95% CI): 0.67-0.97), even after adjusting for age, gender, cancer stage, smoking status, family history and residential area. Older age and rural residence were associated with a higher risk of cancer-specific mortality(HR=1.03;95% CI: 1.02-1.03 and HR=1.25;95% CI: 1.07-1.46,respectively). Smoking individuals had a 41% higher long-term cancer-specific mortality risk than non-smoking ones(HR=1.41;95% CI: 1.20-1.66).Conclusions: NSCLC patients with good insurance status had better survival rates than those with poor insurance. An association was significant even after 10 years. Large population-based studies are needed to validate that high reimbursement insurance status can lead to the improvement of long-term cancer prognosis in China.
文摘BACKGROUND Both pulmonary rehabilitation training and psychological care have been shown to have a positive effect on the postoperative recovery of patients with lung cancer.However,few studies have combined the two to explore their combined effect.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the effects of pulmonary rehabil-itation training combined with psychological care on postoperative respiratory function and mental health in lung cancer patients.AIM To investigate effect of nursing on postoperative respiratory function and mental health of lung cancer patients.METHODS 122 cases of lung cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital and were treated in our department from January 2022 to April 2023 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and observation group.The control group performed the routine care intervention.The obser-vation group was given pulmonary rehabilitation training and psychological care based on conventional nursing interventions.Forced expiratory volume,forced vital capacity.Maximum ventilatory volume(MVV)in one second was measured,and the patient's 6-min walking distance and dyspnoea index scale were used to assess the patient's respiratory condition.The Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were used to evaluate the mental health of the patients.RESULTS There was no difference between the two groups regarding age,gender,education level,surgical procedure,type of pathology,and treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,MVV,6-min walking distance,toughness,strength,optimism,and total CD-RISC scores were significantly higher in the observation group(P<0.05),dyspnoea scores,SAS,and SDS scores were substantially lower in the control group compared to the observation group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Pulmonary rehabilitation training combined with psychological care for patients after lung cancer resection could improve lung function,enhance daily activities,effectively relieve negative emotions such as anxiety and depression,and reduce complications.
文摘Paraquat is a broad-spectrum herbicide known to produce lung injury via oxidative stress-mediated mechanisms. Different pharmacological strategies have been explored to reduce the formation of these reactive oxygen species and/or prevent their toxic effects in the treatment of paraquat poisoning. The present study was carried out to investigate whether the antioxidant (L-tocopherol, incorporated into liposomes and delivered directly to the lungs of rats, could protect the organ against the long-term toxic effects of paraquat.Plain liposomes (composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, DPPC) or α-tocopherol liposomes (8 mg α-tocopherol/kg body weight) were administered intratracheally to animals 24 h prior to an intraperitoneal injection of paraquat dichloride (20 mg/kg) and rats wefe killed 0, 1, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 19 or 24 days after paraquat treatment. Results of this study showed that lungs of animals treated with paraquat were extensively damaged,as evidenced by significant increases in lung weight and decreases in lung angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and alkaline phosphatase enzyme (AKP) activities. Moreover,paraquat treatme; resulted in a significant reduction in the number of neutrophils in the blood of rats with a concurrent increase in the pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity,suggestive of neutrophil infiltration in the lungs of treated animals. Pretreatment of rats with liposomes alone did not significantly alter the paraquat-induced changes of all parameters examined. On the other hand, pretreatment of rats with (t-tocopherol liposomes,24 h prior to paraquat challenge, attenuated paraquat-induced changes in ACE, AKP and myeloperoxidase activities but failed to prevent increases in lung weight. Thus, pretreatment of rats with liposome-associated α-tocopherol appears to protect the lung against some of the toxic effects of paraquat
文摘Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent in developed and developing countries among children and adolescents. During the last two decades, it became evident that excess weight is adversely related to respiratory health in childhood and adolescence mainly in terms of asthma occurrence. Additionally, there is a mounting body of evidence that overweight/obesity may also affect lung function in non-asthmatic subjects. The aim of this review was to present and discuss the studies that investigated this issue in non-asthmatic children and adolescents. Only a few studies have evaluated the impact of excess weight on static volumes and their results point towards an inverse relationship between overweight/obesity and functional residual capacity. More studies have been conducted on the impact of excess weight on dynamic lung volumes with inconsistent, however, results. Nevertheless, a relatively consistent finding was that the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity was significantly lower among overweight/obese children compared to their counterparts with normal weight. The underlying mechanisms of these observations have not been adequately elucidated but it is believed to result from complex interaction of mechanical, developmental, and metabolic causes. There is a need for more welldesigned studies in order to clarify the impact of excess weight on lung function in non-asthmatic subjects, as well as to explore the contribution of factors such as duration and degree of obesity, and fat distribution. Despite the absence of conclusive data, there are stillconvincing evidence to be communicated to the children and their families as part of the arguments to encourage them to adopt a healthier lifestyle.
基金supported by the Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant(2021-6039)from The Japan Science Societythe Bilateral Open Partnership Joint Research Projects of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,Japan(JPJSBP120219914)+1 种基金the CHOZEN Project of Kanazawa University,Japanthe cooperative research programs of the Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology,Kanazawa University,Japan.
文摘The effect of short-term exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)on the respiratory system among healthy residents is unclear.Beijing and Baoding are typical polluted cities in China,and there is little research on PAH exposure and its health effects at the individual level.Fourteen healthy female office workers were recruited in urban Beijing and Baoding,China,in 2019.The personal exposure to fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))-bound PAHs and lung function were seasonally monitored.The relationships between PAH exposure and lung function were determined by a generalized mixed linear model.Subjects were exposed to high levels of PAH,in which the benzo[a]pyrene(BaP)level(1.26 ng/m^(3))was over than Chinese national indoor standard(1 ng/m^(3)).All PAHs concentration was higher in winter than that in summer and autumn.Only benz[a]anthracene(BaA)and chrysene(Chr)exposure showed weak relations with decreased lung function,i.e.,a 0.58% and 0.73% decrease in peak expiratory flow at lag 2 day,respectively(p<0.05).PAHs may not be suitable exposure indicators for short-term change in lung function.Our findings highlight the importance of reducing PAH pollution for public respiratory health protection in heavy-polluted cities of China.This pilot study also provides experience on personal PAH assessment such as estimation of the number of repeated measurements required,which is helpful to determine the relationship between PAH exposure and health effect.
文摘Objective. To study the difference of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in high-resolution computerized tomography and pulmonary function test among different connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Methods. 209 patients with different CTDs were recruited and underwent lung HRCT and PFT. Eerythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum ferritin (SF), anti-SSA, and so on were tested. Based on HRCT, a patient was classified into ILD group (CTD+ILD) or non-ILD group (CTD-ILD). HRCT, PFT, and laboratory markers were compared according to CTDs and CTD-associated ILDs. Results. The incidences of ILD were 79.6%, 82.0%, 89.7%, and 97.1% respectively for Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary Sjogren’s symptom (pSS), dermatomyositis/polymyositis (DM/PM), and systemic sclerosis (SSc) groups. RA and pSS patients exhibited more nodules, patching, ground-glass opacity, and cord shadow foci in HRCT, DM/PM and SSc patients exhibited more reticular opacity and honeycombing foci. RA and pSS patients exhibited more obstructive ventilatory disorder, small airway dysfunction and emphysema in PFT, and DM/PM and SSc patients exhibited more restrictive ventilatory disorder, mixed ventilatory disorder. ESR, CRP and SF were significantly higher in total CTD+ILD group than in total CTD-ILD group (P = 0.047, 0.006, 0.004, respectively), and higher in different CTD+ ILD groups than in comparable CTD-ILD groups (P = 0.049, 0.048, and 0.023, pSS+ILD, SSc+ILD and RA+ILD compared to pSS-ILD, SSc-ILD and RA-ILD, respectively for ESR, CRP, SF). The positive rate of anti-SSA was significantly higher in DM/PM+ILD group than in DM/PM-ILD group (P = 0.025). Conclusions. The manifestations and incidences of ILDs differ among different CTDs in HRCT and PFT, and inflammation and anti-SSA are positively correlated with ILDs in different CTDs, which provide important evidences for judging disease condition and prognosis.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> A dual bronchodilator, long-acting anticholine drugs (glycopyrronium, LAMA) and the long running <em>β</em>-<sub>2</sub> stimulant (indacaterol, LABA), are effective for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To evaluate the effectiveness of the perioperative intervention of LAMA/LABA, a randomized prospective trial was performed for the lung cancer patients receiving a lobectomy with normal pulmonary function and COPD. <strong>Methods:</strong> Based on the results of the preoperative pulmonary function test, 25 patients were diagnosed with COPD [% forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV<sub>1</sub>) < 70%]. Thirty-seven patients were enrolled as non-obstructive patients (70% ≤ %FEV<sub>1</sub>), who were randomized into two groups, the LAMA/LABA (n = 19) and the Control group (n = 18). The LAMA/LABA and the COPD groups daily received inhaled LAMA (50 μg) and LABA (110 μg) for 1 week before surgery and for least 4 weeks after surgery. The Control group had no treatment of the dual bronchodilator. The actual values were measured during the perioperative pulmonary function at three points of the preoperative baseline, the postoperative 1 week and the postoperative 4 weeks;these changes and changed ratios were then calculated. The patient-reported outcomes of the quality of life (PRO-QOL) were evaluated by the Cancer Dyspnea Scale (CDS), the COPD assessment test, and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire. <strong>Results:</strong> Regarding the value of FEV<sub>1</sub> at the baseline, that in the LAMA/LABA group was 79.2% ± 6.4% and that in the Control group was 80.9% ± 6.4%, but that in the COPD groups was 57.9% ± 8.7%;there was a significant difference between the COPD and the Control group (p < 0.0001). At the postoperative 1 week point, the FEV<sub>1</sub> value in the Control group was 1.3 ± 0.5 L and that in the LAMA/LABA group was 1.7 ± 0.5 L. On the other hand, that in the COPD group was 1.7 ± 0.5 L, which was significantly higher compared to that in the Control group (p = 0.0251 and p = 0.0369). The intervention of LAMA/LABA for the COPD and non-obstructive patients resulted in the less decreased degree of the pulmonary function in FEV<sub>1</sub> compared to that in the Control group. Based on the PRO-QOL by the CDS, the intervention of LAMA/LABA significantly reduced the total dyspnea in the LAMA/LABA group compared to that in the Control group (p = 0.0348). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The perioperative intervention of LAMA/LABA should lead to maintaining the postoperative pulmonary function of the FEV<sub>1</sub> during the lobectomy with COPD and non-obstructive patients and the improvement of PRO-QOL.
