Poverty reduction is an eternal theme in the modernization drive of countries.After 2020,China’s poverty reduction endeavors will face new challenges and shift towards:(i)elevating poverty standards,(ii)placing equal...Poverty reduction is an eternal theme in the modernization drive of countries.After 2020,China’s poverty reduction endeavors will face new challenges and shift towards:(i)elevating poverty standards,(ii)placing equal emphasis on rural and urban poverty,(iii)preventing people in the deeply poor regions from slipping back to poverty,(iv)combining external assistance with endogenous development,and(v)enhancing social protection and targeted fiscal support for aiding the poor.Following the new trends of poverty reduction,policymakers should update their strategic approach,adopt new poverty reduction standards,target at a broader group of poor groups,promote pro-poor development,and improve poverty governance.Lastly,this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations for reducing poverty in China post-2020:(i)maintaining policy continuity and stability during the transition period;(ii)creating regular poverty relief mechanisms for urban and rural residents;(iii)improving the targeted identification and dynamic adjustment of target groups for poverty reduction;and(iv)reducing poverty through social protection and development.展开更多
China’s anti-poverty strategy in the post-2020 era will focus on reducing chronic poverty and alleviating relative poverty.As a common international approach for long-term multidimensional poverty reduction,condition...China’s anti-poverty strategy in the post-2020 era will focus on reducing chronic poverty and alleviating relative poverty.As a common international approach for long-term multidimensional poverty reduction,conditional cash transfer(CCT)payments reduce current poverty,prevent future poverty,and improve income distribution by providing poor households with cash allowances and promoting children’s human capital accumulation.For such reasons,CCT serves as an anti-poverty policy instrument worth referencing for China.This paper systematically reviewed the theoretical basis and development journey of CCT,the short-term and long-term implementation effects,as well as the decision-making basis,design and potential limitations.In this paper,we have further analyzed the poverty-reducing effects and problems of China’s rural public transfer payment policies in the current stage and discussed the achievements and inadequacies of China’s ongoing CCT pilot programs.Results indicate that the further development of CCT in China calls for a combination top-down and bottom-up policy-making approaches in project design and implementation,as well as an evolving poverty governance system complementary with other relevant policies.展开更多
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for 2030,adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015,are facing a range of challenges.Factors such as climate change,regional conflicts and economic recession are havi...The 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for 2030,adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015,are facing a range of challenges.Factors such as climate change,regional conflicts and economic recession are having a significant impact,particularly on global poverty governance.As a platform for dialogue,exchange and technical cooperation,the 2025 International Seminar on Global Poverty Reduction Partnerships was held in Beijing on 10 December 2025.展开更多
Based on the ecological environmental situation of poverty-stricken areas in China and the domestic and foreign research results,the long-term effective mechanism of sustainable poverty alleviation in China is establi...Based on the ecological environmental situation of poverty-stricken areas in China and the domestic and foreign research results,the long-term effective mechanism of sustainable poverty alleviation in China is established(the ideological premise is ecological culture,the material base is ecological economy and the basic guarantee is ecological system)from the perspective of ecological management.To be specific,ecological culture,the ideological premise of rural sustainable poverty alleviation in China,includes two aspects:the first one is upholding the Marxism,passing on the Chinese traditional ecological wisdom and fostering ecological consciousness;the second one is mirroring the thought of western modern ecological ethics,emphasizing ecological criticism and redoubling the ecological education.As for ecological economy,the material guarantee for sustainable poverty alleviation in Chinese rural poverty-stricken areas,also contents two aspects.The first one is promoting the way of"clean production"and developing ecological industry;the second one is building ecological concept of consumption and establishing the ecological lifestyle.In addition,ecological system,the basic guarantee of sustainable poverty alleviation in Chinese rural poverty-stricken areas,covers three terms.The first one is implementing the ecological policies and stipulating ecological plan;the second one is establishing perfect ecological legislation and ecological system and intensifying their implementation;the third one is enforcing ecological management in the process of sustainable poverty alleviation.Through the establishment of the above mechanism,we look forward to realizing sustainability of economic development and poverty alleviation effects in the process of poverty alleviation in Chinese rural areas,as well as ecological management of the poverty-stricken areas.展开更多
POVERTY is a state that can last indefinitely.A sound,stable,and long-term mechanism is therefore necessary to end it.Such a mechanism decides the process and outcome of the fight against poverty,and is critical for t...POVERTY is a state that can last indefinitely.A sound,stable,and long-term mechanism is therefore necessary to end it.Such a mechanism decides the process and outcome of the fight against poverty,and is critical for the realization of China’s post-2020 goal of sustainable development in poor areas and reduction of relative poverty.It also lays the foundation for realizing the country’s second centenary goal – building a modern socialist country that is prosperous,strong,democratic,culturally advanced,and harmonious by 2049.展开更多
Energy poverty in developing countries is a critical issue characterized by the lack of access to modern energy services,such as electricity and clean cooking facilities,as marked in SDG 7.This study explores the corr...Energy poverty in developing countries is a critical issue characterized by the lack of access to modern energy services,such as electricity and clean cooking facilities,as marked in SDG 7.This study explores the correlations between energy poverty,energy intensity,resource abundance,and income inequality,as these factors have been theorized to play important roles in influencing energy poverty in developing countries.By observing that the dataset is heterogeneous across the countries and over the time frame,we use the Method of Moments Quantile Regression(MMQR)to analyze our developing countries’data from 2000 to 2019.Our findings indicate that energy intensity is a significant factor influencing energy poverty,suggesting that higher energy consumption relative to the sample countries can exacerbate this issue.Additionally,we observe that income inequality within the sample countries is a critical determinant of energy poverty levels,highlighting the dynamics between economic disparity and access to energy resources.Interestingly,our study reveals that resource abundance acts as a blessing rather than a curse in terms of energy poverty,implying that countries rich in natural resources may have better opportunities to combat energy deprivation.Finally,we emphasize the vital role of financial markets in addressing energy poverty on a global scale,suggesting that robust financial systems can facilitate investments and innovations aimed at improving energy access for vulnerable populations.The results from the robustness analysis support the empirical results obtained from the main estimation.The empirical findings of the present study advance important comprehensions for policymakers to adopt energy policies that address the complex challenges of energy poverty and promote inclusive energy access.展开更多
Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitatio...Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.展开更多
Superhydrophobic surface is a promising strategy for antibacterial and corrosion protection.However,the use of harmful fluorine-containing materials,poor mechano-chemical stability,the addition of fungicides and poor ...Superhydrophobic surface is a promising strategy for antibacterial and corrosion protection.However,the use of harmful fluorine-containing materials,poor mechano-chemical stability,the addition of fungicides and poor corrosion resistance often limit its practical application.In this paper,a high-robustness pho-tothermal self-healing superhydrophobic coating is prepared by simply spraying a mixture of hydropho-bically modified epoxy resin and two kinds of modified nanofillers(carbon nanotubes and SiO2)for long-term anticorrosion and antibacterial applications.Multi-scale network and lubrication structures formed by cross-linking of modified carbon nanotubes and repeatable roughness endow coating with high ro-bustness,so that the coating maintains superhydrophobicity even after 100 Taber abrasion cycles,20 m sandpaper abrasion and 100 tape peeling cycles.The synergistic effect of antibacterial adhesion and pho-tothermal bactericidal activity endows coating with excellent antibacterial efficiency,which against Es-cherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)separately reaches 99.6% and 99.8%.Moreover,the influence of modified epoxy resin,superhydrophobicity,organic coating and coating thicknesses on the anticorrosion of magnesium(Mg)alloy is systematically studied and analyzed.More importantly,the prepared coating still exhibits excellent self-cleaning,anticorrosion and antibacterial abilities after 20 m abrasion.Furthermore,the coating exhibits excellent adhesion(level 4B),chemical stability,UV radiation resistance,high-low temperature alternation resistance,stable heat production capacity and photother-mal self-healing ability.All these excellent performances can promote its application in a wider range of fields.展开更多
Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering va...Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering valuable insights into tumor biology and potential treatment strategies.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 132 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage III TNBC,comprising 36 long-term survivors(RFS≥8 years),62 moderate-term survivors(RFS:3-8 years),and 34 short-term survivors(RFS<3 years).Analyses investigated clinicopathological factors,whole-exome sequencing,germline mutations,copy number alterations(CNAs),RNA sequences,and metabolomic profiles.Results:Long-term survivors exhibited fewer metastatic regional lymph nodes,along with tumors showing reduced stromal fibrosis and lower Ki67 index.Molecularly,these tumors exhibited multiple alterations in genes related to homologous recombination repair,with higher frequencies of germline mutations and somatic CNAs.Additionally,tumors from long-term survivors demonstrated significant downregulation of the RTK-RAS signaling pathway.Metabolomic profiling revealed decreased levels of lipids and carbohydrate,particularly those involved in glycerophospholipid,fructose,and mannose metabolism,in long-term survival group.Multivariate Cox analysis identified fibrosis[hazard ratio(HR):12.70,95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.19-73.54,P=0.005]and RAC1copy number loss/deletion(HR:0.22,95%CI:0.06-0.83,P=0.026)as independent predictors of RFS.Higher fructose/mannose metabolism was associated with worse overall survival(HR:1.30,95%CI:1.01-1.68,P=0.045).Our findings emphasize the association between biological determinants and prolonged survival in patients with TNBC.Conclusions:Our study systematically identified the key molecular and metabolic features associated with prolonged survival in AJCC stage III TNBC,suggesting potential therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.展开更多
Road traffic flow forecasting provides critical information for the operational management of road mobility challenges, and models are used to generate the forecast. This paper uses a random process to present a novel...Road traffic flow forecasting provides critical information for the operational management of road mobility challenges, and models are used to generate the forecast. This paper uses a random process to present a novel traffic modelling framework for aggregate traffic on urban roads. The main idea is that road traffic flow is random, even for the recurrent flow, such as rush hour traffic, which is predisposed to congestion. Therefore, the structure of the aggregate traffic flow model for urban roads should correlate well with the essential variables of the observed random dynamics of the traffic flow phenomena. The novelty of this paper is the developed framework, based on the Poisson process, the kinematics of urban road traffic flow, and the intermediate modelling approach, which were combined to formulate the model. Empirical data from an urban road in Ghana was used to explore the model’s fidelity. The results show that the distribution from the model correlates well with that of the empirical traffic, providing a strong validation of the new framework and instilling confidence in its potential for significantly improved forecasts and, hence, a more hopeful outlook for real-world traffic management.展开更多
Background:Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Resveratrol is a promising compound for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases,including AD.Aims:...Background:Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Resveratrol is a promising compound for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases,including AD.Aims:To investigate mitochondrial damage and the effects of resveratrol on inflammation,cognitive function,and mitochondrial quality control in APP/PS1 mice.Methods:Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)damage was conducted between 10-month-old APP/PS1 mice and age-matched C57BL/6 mice.Assessments included measurement of amyloid-βlevels,inflammatory markers,swimming distance in the Morris water maze,and gut microbiome composition.Resveratrol’s effects on cytokine expression,mtDNA levels in plasma,and activation of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/Antioxidant response element(Nrf2/ARE)and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(also known as Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(PI3K/Akt/mTORC1)signaling pathways were also evaluated.Results:APP/PS1 mice exhibited significantly increased mtDNA damage in the prefrontal cortex,midbrain,and cerebellum,alongside higher amyloid-βlevels and inflammatory markers.Resveratrol treatment led to reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,a decrease in Proteobacteria levels,and lower cell-free mtDNA in plasma.Partial improvement in long-term spatial memory was observed in APP/PS1 mice following resveratrol treatment,likely due to its anti-inflammatory properties.Activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and markers of PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 axis activation were noted,with the latter regulating long-term potentiation.Conclusion:Resveratrol demonstrates potential in mitigating inflammation and improving mitochondrial quality control in APP/PS1 mice,but it does not reduce amyloid-βlevels,highlighting the complexity of AD pathology and the need for further research.展开更多
Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD pat...Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD patients can experience long-term cardiovascular issues,as evidenced by a recent case report of an adult who suffered a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to previous KD in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.This editorial emphasizes the critical need for long-term management and regular surveillance to prevent such complications.By drawing on recent research and case studies,we advocate for a structured approach to follow-up care that includes routine cardiac evaluations and preventive measures.展开更多
Nujiang’s success in eliminating poverty sets a good example for the developing countries to follow.Poverty continues to be a major problem in many parts of the world.China’s poverty eradication experience demonstra...Nujiang’s success in eliminating poverty sets a good example for the developing countries to follow.Poverty continues to be a major problem in many parts of the world.China’s poverty eradication experience demonstrates that developing countries can end poverty through perseverance and sustained efforts,noted Irina Bokova,former director general of UNESCO.展开更多
Myanmar has long been involved in the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism,becoming the country with the most approved projects under the LMC Special Fund.Development in areas such as agriculture,animal husbandry,...Myanmar has long been involved in the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism,becoming the country with the most approved projects under the LMC Special Fund.Development in areas such as agriculture,animal husbandry,and infrastructure has benefited significantly,and poverty has been alleviated to some extent.Although China has faced challenges in advancing poverty reduction projects within the LMC framework in Myanmar in recent years,poverty reduction cooperation between the two countries will overcome di$culties and persist.展开更多
The G20 Leaders’Summit will be held in South Africa in late November.As the presiding nation,South Africa has held or will host a total of 132 o"cial meetings this year,aiming to address the most pressing challe...The G20 Leaders’Summit will be held in South Africa in late November.As the presiding nation,South Africa has held or will host a total of 132 o"cial meetings this year,aiming to address the most pressing challenges facing the world,particularly those a!ecting countries in the Global South.In recent years,hunger and poverty have remained persistent challenges globally.Despite impressive economic growth in many countries,millions still su!er from food insecurity,malnutrition,and extreme poverty,particularly in the Global South.Recognising this,the G20 has launched a key initiative,the Global Alliance Against Hunger and Poverty(GAAHP),aimed at accelerating progress towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),specifically SDG 1(no poverty),SDG 2(zero hunger),and related goals focused on reducing inequality and fostering global partnerships.展开更多
Eliminating poverty is not only a shared aspiration of people around the world but also an important step towards achieving modernisation.Among the 17 Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations to be real...Eliminating poverty is not only a shared aspiration of people around the world but also an important step towards achieving modernisation.Among the 17 Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations to be realised by 2030,ending poverty in all its forms ranks first.Eliminating poverty has been the prime goal for achieving sustainable development.展开更多
Aqueous sodium-ion batteries(ASIBs) offer significant advantages for energy storage on a large scale,attributed to their economical cost,secure operatio n,and eco-friend ly natu re.Among the leading cathode materials ...Aqueous sodium-ion batteries(ASIBs) offer significant advantages for energy storage on a large scale,attributed to their economical cost,secure operatio n,and eco-friend ly natu re.Among the leading cathode materials for ASIBs,Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP) exhibits excellent structural stability and a high Na+diffusion coefficient,making it a promising option.However,the high solubility of vanadium-based materials in aqueous electrolytes engenders suboptimal cycling stability for Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3),constraining its application in ASIBs.Herein,the Cr-substituted Na_(3)V_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)(PO_(4))3@C(NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P) cathode material was synthesized via a simple sol-gel method.It is found that Cr substitution reduces the cell parameters of NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,effectively reinforcing the crystal structure.Furthermore,NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P alters the Na^(+)insertion/extraction mechanism,transforming the typical two-phase reaction between Na_(1)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))3into continuous solid-solution reactions with stable intermediates.The Cr substitution diminishes the sodium-ion diffusion energy barrier in NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,leading to smoother Na+insertion and extraction processes.Consequently,NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P exhibits impressive cycling stability,retaining 74.8% of its capacity after 5,000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g^(-1),along with an outstanding rate performance of 79,2% at 10 A g^(-1).This work elucidates the stable Na^(+)insertion/extraction processes in Cr-substituted NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,offering insights into the application of vanadium-based materials in aqueous sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
In accordance with the directives of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,it is essential to enhance policies for strategic emerging industries like photovoltaic ener...In accordance with the directives of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,it is essential to enhance policies for strategic emerging industries like photovoltaic energy and to establish localized mechanisms for developing new quality productive forces.Using a difference-in-differences(DID)approach on a panel data between 2010 and 2020,this study assesses the impact of China’s photovoltaic(PV)poverty alleviation policies on county-level economic growth.The results show that the PV poverty alleviation policy leads to increases of 3.2%in GDP and 5.3%in GDP per capita,respectively,in targeted poverty counties.These findings are robust across multiple tests.The positive effects are particularly salient in regions with stronger central government support and higher solar radiation.Further analysis reveals that the beneficial effect of this policy is stronger in counties with higher share of poor villages and households,as well as larger coverage of PV station development.In terms of its impact mechanisms,the policy has provided new income sources,expanded employment opportunities,and enhanced market vitality through improvements in the electricity supply.This study offers theoretical insights for optimizing China’s PV industry policy under its rural revitalization strategy,and contributes to building long-term sustainable development mechanisms in rural areas.It also advances our understanding of the poverty-reducing potential of new quality productive forces.展开更多
Extensive spatiotemporal analyses of long-trend surface ozone in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region and itsmeteorology-related and emission-related have not been systematically analyzed.In this study,by using 8-year-l...Extensive spatiotemporal analyses of long-trend surface ozone in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region and itsmeteorology-related and emission-related have not been systematically analyzed.In this study,by using 8-year-long(2015–2022)surface ozone observation data,we attempted to reveal the variation ofmultiple timescale components using the Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter,and the effects of meteorology and emissions were quantitatively isolated using multiple linear regression with meteorological variables.The results showed that the short-term,seasonal,and long-term components accounted for daily maximum 8-hr average O_(3)(O_(3–8)hr)concentration,46.4%,45.9%,and 1.0%,respectively.The meteorological impacts account for an average of 71.8%of O_(3–8)hr,and the YRD’s eastern and northern sections aremeteorology-sensitive areas.Based on statistical analysis technology with empirical orthogonal function,the contribution of meteorology,local emission,and transport in the long-term component of O_(3–8)hr were 0.21%,0.12%,and 0.6%,respectively.The spatiotemporal analysis indicated that a distinct decreasing spatial pattern could be observed from coastal cities towards the northwest,influenced by the monsoon and synoptic conditions.The central urban agglomeration north and south of the YRD was particularly susceptible to local pollution.Among the cities studied,Shanghai,Anqing,and Xuancheng,located at similar latitudes,were significantly impacted by atmospheric transmission—the contribution of Shanghai,the maximum accounting for 3.6%.展开更多
Energy is a cornerstone of modern society that plays a pivotal role in mitigating carbon inequality.This study examines the impact of energy poverty on carbon inequality using global panel data from 2000 to 2019.The f...Energy is a cornerstone of modern society that plays a pivotal role in mitigating carbon inequality.This study examines the impact of energy poverty on carbon inequality using global panel data from 2000 to 2019.The findings reveal that alleviating energy poverty effectively reduces carbon inequality,with the most substantial effect observed when improving access to energy services.Notably,reducing poverty leads to a greater increase in per-capita carbon emissions among the poorest 50%of the population than among the top 10%.This is one of the key reasons that reducing energy poverty can mitigate carbon inequality.Moreover,reducing energy poverty through improvements in both the quality and accessibility of energy services can influence carbon inequality by affecting income disparities,limiting employment opportunities,and hindering the utilization of renewable energy sources.Furthermore,reducing energy poverty alleviates carbon inequality in lowand middle-income countries.However,alleviating energy poverty exacerbates carbon inequality in uppermiddle-income countries.In light of these findings,this study proposes that governments adopt locally appropriate measures to alleviate energy poverty and strengthen coordinated governance over energy poverty and carbon emissions.展开更多
基金Key Research Project of the Academy of Macroeconomic Research,the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC)“Study on the Spatial Optimization of New Urbanization”(Grant No.:A2019051005).
文摘Poverty reduction is an eternal theme in the modernization drive of countries.After 2020,China’s poverty reduction endeavors will face new challenges and shift towards:(i)elevating poverty standards,(ii)placing equal emphasis on rural and urban poverty,(iii)preventing people in the deeply poor regions from slipping back to poverty,(iv)combining external assistance with endogenous development,and(v)enhancing social protection and targeted fiscal support for aiding the poor.Following the new trends of poverty reduction,policymakers should update their strategic approach,adopt new poverty reduction standards,target at a broader group of poor groups,promote pro-poor development,and improve poverty governance.Lastly,this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations for reducing poverty in China post-2020:(i)maintaining policy continuity and stability during the transition period;(ii)creating regular poverty relief mechanisms for urban and rural residents;(iii)improving the targeted identification and dynamic adjustment of target groups for poverty reduction;and(iv)reducing poverty through social protection and development.
基金supported by the MOE(Ministry of Education of China)Project of Humanities and Social Sciences“Study on the Effects of Public Transfer Payments on the Human Capital Accumulation of Rural Children”(Grant No.20YJC790187)the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)project“Study on the Effects of New-type Rural Pension Insurance on Rural Left-behind Elderly Persons”(Grant No.17BRK018).
文摘China’s anti-poverty strategy in the post-2020 era will focus on reducing chronic poverty and alleviating relative poverty.As a common international approach for long-term multidimensional poverty reduction,conditional cash transfer(CCT)payments reduce current poverty,prevent future poverty,and improve income distribution by providing poor households with cash allowances and promoting children’s human capital accumulation.For such reasons,CCT serves as an anti-poverty policy instrument worth referencing for China.This paper systematically reviewed the theoretical basis and development journey of CCT,the short-term and long-term implementation effects,as well as the decision-making basis,design and potential limitations.In this paper,we have further analyzed the poverty-reducing effects and problems of China’s rural public transfer payment policies in the current stage and discussed the achievements and inadequacies of China’s ongoing CCT pilot programs.Results indicate that the further development of CCT in China calls for a combination top-down and bottom-up policy-making approaches in project design and implementation,as well as an evolving poverty governance system complementary with other relevant policies.
文摘The 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for 2030,adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015,are facing a range of challenges.Factors such as climate change,regional conflicts and economic recession are having a significant impact,particularly on global poverty governance.As a platform for dialogue,exchange and technical cooperation,the 2025 International Seminar on Global Poverty Reduction Partnerships was held in Beijing on 10 December 2025.
文摘Based on the ecological environmental situation of poverty-stricken areas in China and the domestic and foreign research results,the long-term effective mechanism of sustainable poverty alleviation in China is established(the ideological premise is ecological culture,the material base is ecological economy and the basic guarantee is ecological system)from the perspective of ecological management.To be specific,ecological culture,the ideological premise of rural sustainable poverty alleviation in China,includes two aspects:the first one is upholding the Marxism,passing on the Chinese traditional ecological wisdom and fostering ecological consciousness;the second one is mirroring the thought of western modern ecological ethics,emphasizing ecological criticism and redoubling the ecological education.As for ecological economy,the material guarantee for sustainable poverty alleviation in Chinese rural poverty-stricken areas,also contents two aspects.The first one is promoting the way of"clean production"and developing ecological industry;the second one is building ecological concept of consumption and establishing the ecological lifestyle.In addition,ecological system,the basic guarantee of sustainable poverty alleviation in Chinese rural poverty-stricken areas,covers three terms.The first one is implementing the ecological policies and stipulating ecological plan;the second one is establishing perfect ecological legislation and ecological system and intensifying their implementation;the third one is enforcing ecological management in the process of sustainable poverty alleviation.Through the establishment of the above mechanism,we look forward to realizing sustainability of economic development and poverty alleviation effects in the process of poverty alleviation in Chinese rural areas,as well as ecological management of the poverty-stricken areas.
文摘POVERTY is a state that can last indefinitely.A sound,stable,and long-term mechanism is therefore necessary to end it.Such a mechanism decides the process and outcome of the fight against poverty,and is critical for the realization of China’s post-2020 goal of sustainable development in poor areas and reduction of relative poverty.It also lays the foundation for realizing the country’s second centenary goal – building a modern socialist country that is prosperous,strong,democratic,culturally advanced,and harmonious by 2049.
文摘Energy poverty in developing countries is a critical issue characterized by the lack of access to modern energy services,such as electricity and clean cooking facilities,as marked in SDG 7.This study explores the correlations between energy poverty,energy intensity,resource abundance,and income inequality,as these factors have been theorized to play important roles in influencing energy poverty in developing countries.By observing that the dataset is heterogeneous across the countries and over the time frame,we use the Method of Moments Quantile Regression(MMQR)to analyze our developing countries’data from 2000 to 2019.Our findings indicate that energy intensity is a significant factor influencing energy poverty,suggesting that higher energy consumption relative to the sample countries can exacerbate this issue.Additionally,we observe that income inequality within the sample countries is a critical determinant of energy poverty levels,highlighting the dynamics between economic disparity and access to energy resources.Interestingly,our study reveals that resource abundance acts as a blessing rather than a curse in terms of energy poverty,implying that countries rich in natural resources may have better opportunities to combat energy deprivation.Finally,we emphasize the vital role of financial markets in addressing energy poverty on a global scale,suggesting that robust financial systems can facilitate investments and innovations aimed at improving energy access for vulnerable populations.The results from the robustness analysis support the empirical results obtained from the main estimation.The empirical findings of the present study advance important comprehensions for policymakers to adopt energy policies that address the complex challenges of energy poverty and promote inclusive energy access.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52003148 and 52261045)the State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University(No.MRUKF2021023)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBGY-475)the Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province(No.22JS003)the Industrialization Project of the State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment(Cultivation)of Qinba Region(No.SXC-2310)the key cultivation project funds of Shaanxi University of Technology(No.SLGKYXM2201).
文摘Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2106226,52105297)the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52021003)the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province(Nos.20210203022SF,20210508029RQ).
文摘Superhydrophobic surface is a promising strategy for antibacterial and corrosion protection.However,the use of harmful fluorine-containing materials,poor mechano-chemical stability,the addition of fungicides and poor corrosion resistance often limit its practical application.In this paper,a high-robustness pho-tothermal self-healing superhydrophobic coating is prepared by simply spraying a mixture of hydropho-bically modified epoxy resin and two kinds of modified nanofillers(carbon nanotubes and SiO2)for long-term anticorrosion and antibacterial applications.Multi-scale network and lubrication structures formed by cross-linking of modified carbon nanotubes and repeatable roughness endow coating with high ro-bustness,so that the coating maintains superhydrophobicity even after 100 Taber abrasion cycles,20 m sandpaper abrasion and 100 tape peeling cycles.The synergistic effect of antibacterial adhesion and pho-tothermal bactericidal activity endows coating with excellent antibacterial efficiency,which against Es-cherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)separately reaches 99.6% and 99.8%.Moreover,the influence of modified epoxy resin,superhydrophobicity,organic coating and coating thicknesses on the anticorrosion of magnesium(Mg)alloy is systematically studied and analyzed.More importantly,the prepared coating still exhibits excellent self-cleaning,anticorrosion and antibacterial abilities after 20 m abrasion.Furthermore,the coating exhibits excellent adhesion(level 4B),chemical stability,UV radiation resistance,high-low temperature alternation resistance,stable heat production capacity and photother-mal self-healing ability.All these excellent performances can promote its application in a wider range of fields.
基金supported by grants from the Medical Engineering Jiont Fund of the Fudan University(No.IDH2310117)。
文摘Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering valuable insights into tumor biology and potential treatment strategies.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 132 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage III TNBC,comprising 36 long-term survivors(RFS≥8 years),62 moderate-term survivors(RFS:3-8 years),and 34 short-term survivors(RFS<3 years).Analyses investigated clinicopathological factors,whole-exome sequencing,germline mutations,copy number alterations(CNAs),RNA sequences,and metabolomic profiles.Results:Long-term survivors exhibited fewer metastatic regional lymph nodes,along with tumors showing reduced stromal fibrosis and lower Ki67 index.Molecularly,these tumors exhibited multiple alterations in genes related to homologous recombination repair,with higher frequencies of germline mutations and somatic CNAs.Additionally,tumors from long-term survivors demonstrated significant downregulation of the RTK-RAS signaling pathway.Metabolomic profiling revealed decreased levels of lipids and carbohydrate,particularly those involved in glycerophospholipid,fructose,and mannose metabolism,in long-term survival group.Multivariate Cox analysis identified fibrosis[hazard ratio(HR):12.70,95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.19-73.54,P=0.005]and RAC1copy number loss/deletion(HR:0.22,95%CI:0.06-0.83,P=0.026)as independent predictors of RFS.Higher fructose/mannose metabolism was associated with worse overall survival(HR:1.30,95%CI:1.01-1.68,P=0.045).Our findings emphasize the association between biological determinants and prolonged survival in patients with TNBC.Conclusions:Our study systematically identified the key molecular and metabolic features associated with prolonged survival in AJCC stage III TNBC,suggesting potential therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.
文摘Road traffic flow forecasting provides critical information for the operational management of road mobility challenges, and models are used to generate the forecast. This paper uses a random process to present a novel traffic modelling framework for aggregate traffic on urban roads. The main idea is that road traffic flow is random, even for the recurrent flow, such as rush hour traffic, which is predisposed to congestion. Therefore, the structure of the aggregate traffic flow model for urban roads should correlate well with the essential variables of the observed random dynamics of the traffic flow phenomena. The novelty of this paper is the developed framework, based on the Poisson process, the kinematics of urban road traffic flow, and the intermediate modelling approach, which were combined to formulate the model. Empirical data from an urban road in Ghana was used to explore the model’s fidelity. The results show that the distribution from the model correlates well with that of the empirical traffic, providing a strong validation of the new framework and instilling confidence in its potential for significantly improved forecasts and, hence, a more hopeful outlook for real-world traffic management.
基金supported by the Russian science foundation(grant#22-74-00115 to A.P.G.).
文摘Background:Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Resveratrol is a promising compound for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases,including AD.Aims:To investigate mitochondrial damage and the effects of resveratrol on inflammation,cognitive function,and mitochondrial quality control in APP/PS1 mice.Methods:Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)damage was conducted between 10-month-old APP/PS1 mice and age-matched C57BL/6 mice.Assessments included measurement of amyloid-βlevels,inflammatory markers,swimming distance in the Morris water maze,and gut microbiome composition.Resveratrol’s effects on cytokine expression,mtDNA levels in plasma,and activation of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/Antioxidant response element(Nrf2/ARE)and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(also known as Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(PI3K/Akt/mTORC1)signaling pathways were also evaluated.Results:APP/PS1 mice exhibited significantly increased mtDNA damage in the prefrontal cortex,midbrain,and cerebellum,alongside higher amyloid-βlevels and inflammatory markers.Resveratrol treatment led to reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,a decrease in Proteobacteria levels,and lower cell-free mtDNA in plasma.Partial improvement in long-term spatial memory was observed in APP/PS1 mice following resveratrol treatment,likely due to its anti-inflammatory properties.Activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and markers of PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 axis activation were noted,with the latter regulating long-term potentiation.Conclusion:Resveratrol demonstrates potential in mitigating inflammation and improving mitochondrial quality control in APP/PS1 mice,but it does not reduce amyloid-βlevels,highlighting the complexity of AD pathology and the need for further research.
文摘Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD patients can experience long-term cardiovascular issues,as evidenced by a recent case report of an adult who suffered a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to previous KD in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.This editorial emphasizes the critical need for long-term management and regular surveillance to prevent such complications.By drawing on recent research and case studies,we advocate for a structured approach to follow-up care that includes routine cardiac evaluations and preventive measures.
文摘Nujiang’s success in eliminating poverty sets a good example for the developing countries to follow.Poverty continues to be a major problem in many parts of the world.China’s poverty eradication experience demonstrates that developing countries can end poverty through perseverance and sustained efforts,noted Irina Bokova,former director general of UNESCO.
文摘Myanmar has long been involved in the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism,becoming the country with the most approved projects under the LMC Special Fund.Development in areas such as agriculture,animal husbandry,and infrastructure has benefited significantly,and poverty has been alleviated to some extent.Although China has faced challenges in advancing poverty reduction projects within the LMC framework in Myanmar in recent years,poverty reduction cooperation between the two countries will overcome di$culties and persist.
文摘The G20 Leaders’Summit will be held in South Africa in late November.As the presiding nation,South Africa has held or will host a total of 132 o"cial meetings this year,aiming to address the most pressing challenges facing the world,particularly those a!ecting countries in the Global South.In recent years,hunger and poverty have remained persistent challenges globally.Despite impressive economic growth in many countries,millions still su!er from food insecurity,malnutrition,and extreme poverty,particularly in the Global South.Recognising this,the G20 has launched a key initiative,the Global Alliance Against Hunger and Poverty(GAAHP),aimed at accelerating progress towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),specifically SDG 1(no poverty),SDG 2(zero hunger),and related goals focused on reducing inequality and fostering global partnerships.
文摘Eliminating poverty is not only a shared aspiration of people around the world but also an important step towards achieving modernisation.Among the 17 Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations to be realised by 2030,ending poverty in all its forms ranks first.Eliminating poverty has been the prime goal for achieving sustainable development.
基金financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Plan Project of Guizhou Province ([2024]054)Additional support came from the Industry and Education Combination Innovation Platform of Intelligent Manufacturing and Graduate Joint Training Base at Guizhou University (2020-520000-83-01324061)the Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Smart Services (2203-520102-04-04-298868)。
文摘Aqueous sodium-ion batteries(ASIBs) offer significant advantages for energy storage on a large scale,attributed to their economical cost,secure operatio n,and eco-friend ly natu re.Among the leading cathode materials for ASIBs,Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP) exhibits excellent structural stability and a high Na+diffusion coefficient,making it a promising option.However,the high solubility of vanadium-based materials in aqueous electrolytes engenders suboptimal cycling stability for Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3),constraining its application in ASIBs.Herein,the Cr-substituted Na_(3)V_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)(PO_(4))3@C(NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P) cathode material was synthesized via a simple sol-gel method.It is found that Cr substitution reduces the cell parameters of NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,effectively reinforcing the crystal structure.Furthermore,NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P alters the Na^(+)insertion/extraction mechanism,transforming the typical two-phase reaction between Na_(1)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))3into continuous solid-solution reactions with stable intermediates.The Cr substitution diminishes the sodium-ion diffusion energy barrier in NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,leading to smoother Na+insertion and extraction processes.Consequently,NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P exhibits impressive cycling stability,retaining 74.8% of its capacity after 5,000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g^(-1),along with an outstanding rate performance of 79,2% at 10 A g^(-1).This work elucidates the stable Na^(+)insertion/extraction processes in Cr-substituted NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,offering insights into the application of vanadium-based materials in aqueous sodium-ion batteries.
基金Key Project of the National Social Science Fund of China“Research on Building and Consolidating a Close and Clean Government-Business Relationship”(Grant No.22AZD033)Youth Project of the Anhui Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Planning“Research on Impact Mechanism of Photovoltaic Industry Policies on Firm Entry and Policy Optimization in Anhui Province”(Grant No.AHSKYQ2023D060).
文摘In accordance with the directives of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,it is essential to enhance policies for strategic emerging industries like photovoltaic energy and to establish localized mechanisms for developing new quality productive forces.Using a difference-in-differences(DID)approach on a panel data between 2010 and 2020,this study assesses the impact of China’s photovoltaic(PV)poverty alleviation policies on county-level economic growth.The results show that the PV poverty alleviation policy leads to increases of 3.2%in GDP and 5.3%in GDP per capita,respectively,in targeted poverty counties.These findings are robust across multiple tests.The positive effects are particularly salient in regions with stronger central government support and higher solar radiation.Further analysis reveals that the beneficial effect of this policy is stronger in counties with higher share of poor villages and households,as well as larger coverage of PV station development.In terms of its impact mechanisms,the policy has provided new income sources,expanded employment opportunities,and enhanced market vitality through improvements in the electricity supply.This study offers theoretical insights for optimizing China’s PV industry policy under its rural revitalization strategy,and contributes to building long-term sustainable development mechanisms in rural areas.It also advances our understanding of the poverty-reducing potential of new quality productive forces.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42075177)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFC0210003).
文摘Extensive spatiotemporal analyses of long-trend surface ozone in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region and itsmeteorology-related and emission-related have not been systematically analyzed.In this study,by using 8-year-long(2015–2022)surface ozone observation data,we attempted to reveal the variation ofmultiple timescale components using the Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter,and the effects of meteorology and emissions were quantitatively isolated using multiple linear regression with meteorological variables.The results showed that the short-term,seasonal,and long-term components accounted for daily maximum 8-hr average O_(3)(O_(3–8)hr)concentration,46.4%,45.9%,and 1.0%,respectively.The meteorological impacts account for an average of 71.8%of O_(3–8)hr,and the YRD’s eastern and northern sections aremeteorology-sensitive areas.Based on statistical analysis technology with empirical orthogonal function,the contribution of meteorology,local emission,and transport in the long-term component of O_(3–8)hr were 0.21%,0.12%,and 0.6%,respectively.The spatiotemporal analysis indicated that a distinct decreasing spatial pattern could be observed from coastal cities towards the northwest,influenced by the monsoon and synoptic conditions.The central urban agglomeration north and south of the YRD was particularly susceptible to local pollution.Among the cities studied,Shanghai,Anqing,and Xuancheng,located at similar latitudes,were significantly impacted by atmospheric transmission—the contribution of Shanghai,the maximum accounting for 3.6%.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant Nos.72174195 and 72173094]the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi[Grant No.2024ZC-YBXM-096]the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Energy is a cornerstone of modern society that plays a pivotal role in mitigating carbon inequality.This study examines the impact of energy poverty on carbon inequality using global panel data from 2000 to 2019.The findings reveal that alleviating energy poverty effectively reduces carbon inequality,with the most substantial effect observed when improving access to energy services.Notably,reducing poverty leads to a greater increase in per-capita carbon emissions among the poorest 50%of the population than among the top 10%.This is one of the key reasons that reducing energy poverty can mitigate carbon inequality.Moreover,reducing energy poverty through improvements in both the quality and accessibility of energy services can influence carbon inequality by affecting income disparities,limiting employment opportunities,and hindering the utilization of renewable energy sources.Furthermore,reducing energy poverty alleviates carbon inequality in lowand middle-income countries.However,alleviating energy poverty exacerbates carbon inequality in uppermiddle-income countries.In light of these findings,this study proposes that governments adopt locally appropriate measures to alleviate energy poverty and strengthen coordinated governance over energy poverty and carbon emissions.
