BACKGROUND The goal of therapy for traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula(TCCF)is the elimination of fistula while maintaining patency of the parent artery.The treatment for TCCF has evolved from surgery to endovascular ...BACKGROUND The goal of therapy for traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula(TCCF)is the elimination of fistula while maintaining patency of the parent artery.The treatment for TCCF has evolved from surgery to endovascular management using detachable balloons,coils,liquid embolic agents,covered stents,or flow-diverter stent through arterial or venous approaches.Despite the withdrawal of detachable balloons from the market in the United States since 2004,transarterial embolization with detachable balloons has currently remained the best initial treatment for TCCF in several countries.However,the pseudoaneurysm formation following transarterial detachable balloon embolization has rarely been observed in long-term follow-up.AIM To determine the occurrence and long-term follow-up of pseudoaneurysm after transarterial detachable balloon for TCCF.METHODS Between January 2009 and December 2019,79 patients diagnosed with TCCF were treated using detachable latex balloons(GOLDBAL)of four sizes.Pseudoaneurysm sizes were stratified into five grades for analysis.Initial and follow-up assessments involved computed tomography angiography at 1 month,6 month,1 year,and longer intervals for significant cases.Clinical follow-ups occurred semi-annually for 2 years,then annually.Factors analyzed included sex,age,fistula size and location,and balloon size.RESULTS In our cohort of 79 patients treated for TCCF,pseudoaneurysms formed in 67.1%,with classifications ranging from grade 0 to grade 3;no grade 4 or giant pseudoaneurysms were observed.The majority of pseudoaneurysms did not progress in size,and some regressed spontaneously.Calcifications developed in most large pseudoaneurysms over 5-10 years.Parent artery occlusion occurred in 7.6%and recurrent fistulas in 16.5%.The primary risk factors for pseudoaneurysm formation were identified as the use of specific balloon sizes,with balloon SP and No.6 significantly associated with its occurrence(P=0.005 and P=0.002,respectively),whereas sex,age,fistula size,location,and the number of balloons used were not significant predictors.CONCLUSION Pseudoaneurysm formation following detachable balloon embolization for TCCF is common,primarily influenced by the size of the balloon used.Despite this,all patients with pseudoaneurysms remained asymptomatic during long-term follow-up.展开更多
Purpose: To study the long-term efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab injection combined with in-travenous compound salvia injection drip in the treatment of patients with macular edema sec-ondary to branch retinal vei...Purpose: To study the long-term efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab injection combined with in-travenous compound salvia injection drip in the treatment of patients with macular edema sec-ondary to branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO). Methods: Sixty-five patients of branch retinal vein occlusion with macular edema were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty-seven patients in the treat-ment group were treated with ranibizumab injection combined with intravenous compound salvia injection drip, twenty-eight patients in the control group were treated with ranibizumab injection only. All patients were recorded and analyzed changes of clinical efficacy after 3 months, 6 months after a course of treatment of 6 months. Results: During 3 months after 6 months’ treatment, there were 5 patients having recurrence in the treatment group, while there were 9 in control group, the rate of recurrence between the two groups had significant difference (P < 0.05);during 3 - 6 months after a course of treatment, there were 2 patients having recurrence in the treatment group, while there were 4 in control group, the rate of recurrence between the two groups had significant difference (P < 0.05);however, the treatment group’s BCVA was better than control group, and the difference between the two groups had significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ranibizumab injection combined with intravenous compound salvia injection drip could effectively reduce the impossibility of recurrence, improve the visual activity and bring better therapeutic efficacy in patients with macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion. The treatment showed great potential in the clinical use.展开更多
Establishing satisfactory calculation methods of lake evaporation has been crucial for research and manage-ment of water resources and ecosystems. A 30 year dataset from Dickie Lake, south-central Ontario, Canada adde...Establishing satisfactory calculation methods of lake evaporation has been crucial for research and manage-ment of water resources and ecosystems. A 30 year dataset from Dickie Lake, south-central Ontario, Canada added to the limited long-term studies on lake evaporation. Evaporation during ice-free season was calcu-lated separately using seven evaporation methods, based on field meteorology, hydrology and lake water temperature data. Actual evaporation determined during a portion of a year was estimated using a lake en-ergy budget model, and the estimation was used as reference evaporation for evaluation of the seven methods. The deviation of method-induced evaporation from the reference evaporation was compared among the seven methods, and a performance rank was proposed based on the root mean squared deviation and coeffi-cient of efficiency. As for the whole ice-free season (roughly May to November), the water balance was the best method, followed by Makkink, DeBruin-Kejiman, Penman, Priestley-Taylor, Hamon, and Jensen-Haise methods. As for shorter duration (a week to a month), the DeBruin-Kejiman was the best method, followed by Penman, Priestley-Taylor, Makkink, Hamon, Jensen-Haise, and water balance method. Annual and sea-sonal changes of energy budget terms and the compensation function of lake heat storage in evaporation flux were also analyzed.展开更多
BACKGROUNDThe impact of long-term dialysis (LTD) therapy on the survival benefit of kidneytransplantation compared to short-term dialysis (STD) remains unclear. Additionally,donor organ quality has been identified as ...BACKGROUNDThe impact of long-term dialysis (LTD) therapy on the survival benefit of kidneytransplantation compared to short-term dialysis (STD) remains unclear. Additionally,donor organ quality has been identified as a significant predictor ofpatient survival in deceased donor kidney transplantation.AIMTo investigate the effects of the best graft function within three months posttransplant,as well as dialysis duration, on transplant outcomes.METHODSA total of 255 patients were included in this retrospective cohort study. Patientswere divided into two groups: Those with LTD (≥ 15 years;Group LTD) and thosewith STD (< 15 years;Group STD). Clinical backgrounds and outcomes werecompared between the groups.RESULTSGroup LTD comprised 28 patients, while Group STD included 227 patients. Therewere no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age at transplant,donor age, lowest serum creatinine (best S-Cr) within three months posttransplant,or the frequency of cardiovascular events after transplantation. Multivariateanalysis identified age [hazard ratio (HR): 1.058;95%CI: 1.002-1.116;P =0.040], post-transplant incidence of cardiovascular disease (HR: 20.264;95%CI:6.052-67.850;P < 0.001), and best S-Cr (HR: 4.155;95%CI: 2.234-7.730;P < 0.001) asindependent predictors of mortality after transplantation. The pre-operative dialysisperiod was not statistically significant.CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that early graft dysfunction, rather than dialysis duration, may serve as a critical risk factorfor poor transplant outcomes.展开更多
Objective: Regular cancer screening must be monitored to improve gastric cancer(GC) survival rates and maximize participation. This study examined adherence to regular GC screening over a 10-year period and identified...Objective: Regular cancer screening must be monitored to improve gastric cancer(GC) survival rates and maximize participation. This study examined adherence to regular GC screening over a 10-year period and identified the factors influencing adherence.Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Korean National Cancer Screening Program(KNCSP) between 2011 and 2020. The total cohort comprised 400,113 adults aged 40 years who were newly eligible for and participated in GC screening in 2011. The participants were followed up for 10 years to assess their adherence to biennial screening recommendations. They were categorized into two groups: the nonregular screening(non-RS) group, which included individuals who did not participate in subsequent screenings, and the regular screening(RS) group, which included those who participated in at least one follow-up screening.Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with adherence to regular GC screening.Results: Over 10 years, 59% of the participants completed at least four of the five recommended screenings,while 10% did not participate after their initial screening. Male participants had higher odds of non-adherence than females [adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.429, 95% confidence interval(95% CI): 1.394-1.464;P<0.001]. Nonadherence was more prevalent among self-employed individuals(aOR=1.208, P<0.001). Among males, those in the lowest income group were 1.267 times more likely to not undergo regular screening than those in the highest income group.Conclusions: Long-term adherence to regular GC screening in South Korea remains suboptimal.Socioeconomic disparities persist, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to improve adherence and enhance public health.展开更多
Objective Observational studies have found associations between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and the risk of dementia,including Alzheimer’s dementia(AD)and vascular dementia(VD);however,these findings are inconsist...Objective Observational studies have found associations between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and the risk of dementia,including Alzheimer’s dementia(AD)and vascular dementia(VD);however,these findings are inconsistent.It remains unclear whether these associations are causal.Methods We conducted a meta-analysis by systematically searching for observational studies on the association between IBD and dementia.Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis based on summary genome-wide association studies(GWASs)was performed.Genetic correlation and Bayesian colocalization analyses were used to provide robust genetic evidence.Results Ten observational studies involving 80,565,688 participants were included in this metaanalysis.IBD was significantly associated with dementia(risk ratio[RR]=1.36,95%CI=1.04-1.78;I2=84.8%)and VD(RR=2.60,95%CI=1.18-5.70;only one study),but not with AD(RR=2.00,95%CI=0.96-4.13;I^(2)=99.8%).MR analyses did not supported significant causal associations of IBD with dementia(dementia:odds ratio[OR]=1.01,95%CI=0.98-1.03;AD:OR=0.98,95%CI=0.95-1.01;VD:OR=1.02,95%CI=0.97-1.07).In addition,genetic correlation and co-localization analyses did not reveal any genetic associations between IBD and dementia.Conclusion Our study did not provide genetic evidence for a causal association between IBD and dementia risk.The increased risk of dementia observed in observational studies may be attributed to unobserved confounding factors or detection bias.展开更多
BACKGROUND The persistent burden of cardiovascular(CV)disease in the United States requires innovative and cost-effective prognostic markers that can be relied upon.AIM To provide insights into how adiponectin can pre...BACKGROUND The persistent burden of cardiovascular(CV)disease in the United States requires innovative and cost-effective prognostic markers that can be relied upon.AIM To provide insights into how adiponectin can predict all-cause mortality and major adverse CV events(MACE)in patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)and to determine the prognostic value of adiponectin in predicting all-cause mortality and MACE in patients with stable CAD.METHODS We conducted a systematic search on PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar to find relevant studies published through June 2023 evaluating the long-term prognostic role of adiponectin in patients with stable CAD.Using a random effects model with 95%CI,we estimated the odds ratio(OR)while assessing heterogeneity through I^(2)statistics.To ensure robustness,we performed a sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out approach.RESULTS After screening,we included five prospective studies involving 3225 patients who were followed up for a median duration of 3.8 years.Within the study population,prevalent risk factors included hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,and smoking.The commonly prescribed medications were angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors,beta blockers,and statins.The combined adjusted OR for all-cause mortality was found to be 2.51(95%CI:1.36–4.62),showing heterogeneity(I^(2)=65.51%,P=0.03).On the other hand,the combined adjusted OR for MACE was determined to be 1.04(95%CI:1.02–1.06)with no significant heterogeneity observed(I^(2)=0%,P=0.68).Through a sensitivity analysis,it was discovered that none of the studies significantly impacted the overall results of the meta-analysis,thus indicating their robustness.CONCLUSION Higher levels of adiponectin were found to be associated with an increased risk of long-term mortality and MACE in patients with CAD,which highlights its potential as a cost-effective marker for risk assessment and guiding treatment strategies.Further research on the role of adiponectin could greatly influence decision-making and resource allocation in CV care.展开更多
This paper proposes an interdisciplinary talent training model that combines foreign language education with area studies.The model aims to cultivate international ocean affairs professionals with cross-cultural commu...This paper proposes an interdisciplinary talent training model that combines foreign language education with area studies.The model aims to cultivate international ocean affairs professionals with cross-cultural communication skills,in-depth regional and country knowledge,and practical expertise in ocean affairs.Additionally,the paper presents specific training pathways and policy recommendations for implementing this model.展开更多
In modern society,the globalization of literary works is evident,with exceptional literary pieces from various countries spreading worldwide.Among these,children’s literature,due to the specificity of its target audi...In modern society,the globalization of literary works is evident,with exceptional literary pieces from various countries spreading worldwide.Among these,children’s literature,due to the specificity of its target audience,imposes distinct requirements on children’s books,compelling translators to approach the text from a child’s perspective.“The Little Prince”has renowned both within and outside of China,and a careful reading of this work can provide us with much inspiration.To this end,the present study adopts the perspective of Gideon Toury’s Descriptive Translation Studies to conduct an in-depth analysis of the different English and Chinese translations in conjunction with the original French novel.This approach aims to better guide literary research and explores translation methods for children’s literature through the analysis of translation norms and rules.展开更多
Background It remains unclear whether sleep duration and physical activity(PA)trajectories in middle-aged and older adults are associated with different risks of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs).This study aimed to explo...Background It remains unclear whether sleep duration and physical activity(PA)trajectories in middle-aged and older adults are associated with different risks of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs).This study aimed to explore the trajectories of total sleep duration and PA among middle-aged and older Chinese adults and their impact on CVD risk.Methods This study was based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.12009 adults aged 45 years and older from five waves were included.CVD events were measured by self-reports of heart disease and stroke.We first used groupbased trajectory modeling to identify total sleep duration and PA trajectories from 2011 to 2020,and then employed logistic regression models to analyze their risk for CVD.Results We identified three sleep duration and PA trajectories.The risk of heart disease increased by 33%(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.12-1.53)for the short sleep duration trajectory(vs.moderate sleep duration trajectory),by 40%(OR=1.40,95%CI:1.06-1.84)for the high decreasing PA trajectory,and by 20%(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.01-1.42)for the low stable PA trajectory(vs.high stable PA trajectory),respectively.Similar results for stroke and CVD as the outcomes were also observed,but the higher risk of stroke in the high decreasing PA trajectory group was not statistically significant.The joint effects of sleep and PA showed lower risks of heart disease and stroke in trajectories with moderate or long sleep duration and high stable PA compared with short sleep duration and a low stable PA trajectory.Conclusions Short total sleep duration,high decreasing PA,and low stable PA trajectories could increase the risk of CVDs among middle-aged and older adults.Long-term moderate to long total sleep durations and high stable PA trajectories might be optimal for preventing CVDs.展开更多
Background: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused massive case fatalities across the world, people have been left with significant physical and mental disabilities, which has had an adverse impact on thei...Background: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused massive case fatalities across the world, people have been left with significant physical and mental disabilities, which has had an adverse impact on their quality of life. The objective of this study is to measure the short-term and long-term outcomes among COVID-19 survivors. Methods: This is a six-month-long multicentre prospective observational study, carried out in four specialized hospitals in the capital city Dhaka, where six hundred participants were enrolled by non-probability convenience sampling. Data were collected through three structured interviews, and follow-ups were done during discharge, at 1st month, and 6th month. An analytical study was done on demographic variables, socio-economic conditions, physical findings and outcomes. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: A total of 600 participants were enrolled. The mean age was 49.83. Many participants belong to the age range of 31 to 40 years. More than two-thirds (72.7%) of participants were male, whereas 27.30% were female. Most patients admitted had mild and moderate COVID-19 symptoms (40% and 58%, respectively). Among short-term COVID complications, it was found that 43.3% of the participants complained of fatigue, 32.6% of depression, 24.7% of sleep disturbance, 19% of anxiety and, 5% memory loss. In long-term COVID complications the number reduced significantly: 5% of the participants complained of fatigue, 10% of depression, 2.7% of sleep disturbance, 7.3% of anxiety and, 2.7% memory loss. The severity of lung parenchymal disease also reduced in long term COVID symptoms. The study found a statistically significant relationship between age groups and CT severity index (χ2 = 9.458, p = 0.032). Most patients (29.2%) in the under-30 age group had a CT Severity Index score of 2 & 3 (29.2%). The important CT Severity Index scores for individuals aged 30 to 60 years were 3 and 4, accounting for 37.7% and 33.3%, respectively. In the over-60 age group, 40.8% of patients showed a CT Severity Index score of 4, showing a range of 51% - 75%. Conclusion: This study found that fatigue, depression, and sleep disturbances are prevalent among COVID-19 survivors;however, these symptoms generally reduce over time. Lung problems improved;however, some patients suffered from persistent effects. Older patients, especially those with pre-existing conditions, suffer from more severe outcomes. These findings underscore the need for ongoing care for COVID-19 survivors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a prevalent disease encountered in military internal medicine and recognized as the main cause of dyspepsia,gastritis,and peptic ulcer,which are common diseases in ...BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a prevalent disease encountered in military internal medicine and recognized as the main cause of dyspepsia,gastritis,and peptic ulcer,which are common diseases in military personnel.Current guidelines in China state all patients with evidence of active infection with H.pylori are offered treatment.However,the prevalence of H.pylori infection and its regional distribution in the military population remain unclear,which hinders effective prevention and treatment strategies.Understanding the prevalence of H.pylori infection in the military population will aid in the development of customized strategies to better manage this infectious disease.AIM To investigate the prevalence of H.pylori infection in the Chinese military population in different geographic areas.METHODS This multicenter,retrospective study included 22421 individuals from five tertiary hospitals located in north,east,southwest,and northwest cities of China.H.pylori infection was identified using the urea breath test,which had been performed between January 2020 and December 2021.RESULTS Of the 22421 military service members,7416(33.1%)were urea breath test-positive.The highest prevalence of H.pylori was in the 30-39 years age group for military personnel,with an infection rate of 34.9%.The majority of infected subjects were younger than 40-years-old,accounting for 70.4%of the infected population.The individuals serviced in Lanzhou and Chengdu showed a higher infection prevalence than those in Beijing,Nanjing,and Guangzhou,with prevalence rates of 44.3%,37.9%,29.0%,31.1%,and 32.3%,respectively.CONCLUSION H.pylori infection remains a common infectious disease among military personnel in China and has a relatively high prevalence rate in northwest China.展开更多
Background: To prevent infectious diseases and deaths of children, vaccinations play a crucial role in public health strategies in Kuwait. However, it remained uncertain to demonstrate the potential long-term health o...Background: To prevent infectious diseases and deaths of children, vaccinations play a crucial role in public health strategies in Kuwait. However, it remained uncertain to demonstrate the potential long-term health outcomes of vaccination, including neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and autism. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term health outcomes of vaccination among Kuwait children from birth to thirteen years old. Objectives: This study included the significant objectives: (1) to compare long-term health effects, including chronic and acute conditions for unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and vaccinated children, and (2) to evaluate the association of vaccination with the neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and autism, and the preventable illnesses. Methods: This prospective study involved a sample of 976 children from Kuwait based on mothers’ reporting. Data collection about the vaccination status of children and various health outcomes relevant to chronic and acute illnesses was performed based on structured questionnaires through an online survey. However, participants were classified into unvaccinated (n = 40), partially vaccinated (n = 222), and fully vaccinated (n = 714). Statistical analyses, including the chi-square test, Odds Ratios (OR), 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and logistic regression, were performed using SAS (Version 9.4) to determine the associations between vaccination status and health outcomes among children. Results: The study disclosed that vaccinated children showed an increased diagnosis of chronic (allergic rhinitis, allergies, autism spectrum, eczema, neuro-developmental disorders, learning disability, ADHD, and any chronic condition) and acute (whooping cough, pneumonia, rubella, hepatitis A or B, measles, mumps, meningitis, influenza, rotavirus, cancer, chronic fatigue, Crohn’s disease, inflammatory bowel disease, conduct disorder, diabetes type 1 or 2, rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, seizures, hearing loss, polio, diphtheria, tetanus, and depression) illnesses than unvaccinated children. The fully vaccinated children showed an increased prevalence of influenza diagnosis, while partially vaccinated children were more likely to be diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis than unvaccinated children. In contrast, unvaccinated were more likely to have been diagnosed with chickenpox and encephalopathy than fully and partially vaccinated. Males with chronic and acute conditions had a lower incidence of allergies and pneumonia, respectively, whereas females had a reduced prevalence of acute illnesses, such as whooping cough, inflammatory bowel disease, and hepatitis A or B among vaccinated (n = 936;combination of partially vaccinated and fully vaccinated) children. Regarding medication use and health service applications, vaccinated children were more likely to use medications for fever, antibiotics, and allergies. In addition, they showed an increased rate of sick visits and emergency visits in the past twelve months. On the other hand, factors like age (2 - 5 years, 6 - 9 years, and 10 - 13 years), birth type (cesarian), and mother suffering during pregnancy (gestational diabetes) were significantly associated with NDD (learning disability, autism spectrum, and attention deficient hyperactivity disorder) in the adjusted analysis. In the interaction model of age and birth type, age (6 - 9 years;OR 5.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 25.3) and mother suffering (gestational diabetes;OR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2, 5.2) during pregnancy were associated with NDD. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that there are some cases where the infection rate is higher among the vaccinated compared to unvaccinated children, or there are no significant differences between the two groups in Kuwait. Upon controlling the factors in the interaction model, the age of 6 to 9 years and gestational diabetic mothers during pregnancy were associated with the synergistic increment of odds with NDD. These data findings are recommended to verify a larger and diverse group of samples to optimize the vaccination on health outcomes in Kuwait children.展开更多
The application of environment-behavior studies plays an important role in studying the renewal of shantytowns.One of the most humane ways of renewal is designing and constructing the necessary urban spatial environme...The application of environment-behavior studies plays an important role in studying the renewal of shantytowns.One of the most humane ways of renewal is designing and constructing the necessary urban spatial environment from the perspective of human daily behavior.Most of the shantytown renovation projects currently carried out in China are mainly focused on demolition and reconstruction,which not only incurs high costs but also damages the original social structure and economic model.During the process of shantytown renewal,it should improve the urban landscape,living environment,and life quality of residents,and ensure the daily life of shantytown residents without increasing their economic burden,and preserve the traces of urban development.In order to achieve this goal,it should explore the renewal strategies of shantytowns from the perspective of environment-behavior studies through behavior maps,on-site research,and literature review.Updating and design from a human perspective often achieve faster and better development;the renewal of shantytowns should be a bottom-up approach and start from a grassroots perspective,completing the renovation design through the composition of the population and behavioral patterns.展开更多
Objective The relationship between non-high-density lipoprotein(NHDL)cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)ratio(NHHR)and stoke remains unknown.This study aimed to evaluate the association between ...Objective The relationship between non-high-density lipoprotein(NHDL)cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)ratio(NHHR)and stoke remains unknown.This study aimed to evaluate the association between the adult NHHR and stroke occurrence in the United States of America(USA).Methods To clarify the relationship between the NHHR and stroke risk,this study used a multivariable logistic regression model and a restricted cubic spline(RCS)model to investigate the association between the NHHR and stroke,and data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)from 2005 to 2018.Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the results.Results This study included 29,928 adult participants,of which 1,165 participants had a history of stroke.Logistic regression analysis of variables demonstrated a positive association between NHHR and stroke(OR 1.24,95%CI:1.03-1.50,P=0.026).Compared with the lowest reference group of NHHR,participants in the second,third,and fourth quartile had a significantly increased risk of stroke after full adjustments(OR:1.35,95%CI:1.08-1.69)(OR:1.83,95%CI:1.42-2.36)(OR:2.04,95%CI:1.50-2.79).In the total population,a nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed between the NHHR and stroke risk(P non-linearity=0.002).This association remained significant in several subgroup analyses.Further investigation of the NHHR may enhance our understanding of stroke prevention and treatment.Conclusion Our findings suggest a positive correlation between the NHHR and an increased prevalence of stroke,potentially serving as a novel predictive factor for stroke.Timely intervention and management of the NHHR may effectively mitigate stroke occurrence.Prospective studies are required to validate this association and further explore the underlying biological mechanisms.展开更多
Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitatio...Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gas...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.展开更多
Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering va...Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering valuable insights into tumor biology and potential treatment strategies.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 132 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage III TNBC,comprising 36 long-term survivors(RFS≥8 years),62 moderate-term survivors(RFS:3-8 years),and 34 short-term survivors(RFS<3 years).Analyses investigated clinicopathological factors,whole-exome sequencing,germline mutations,copy number alterations(CNAs),RNA sequences,and metabolomic profiles.Results:Long-term survivors exhibited fewer metastatic regional lymph nodes,along with tumors showing reduced stromal fibrosis and lower Ki67 index.Molecularly,these tumors exhibited multiple alterations in genes related to homologous recombination repair,with higher frequencies of germline mutations and somatic CNAs.Additionally,tumors from long-term survivors demonstrated significant downregulation of the RTK-RAS signaling pathway.Metabolomic profiling revealed decreased levels of lipids and carbohydrate,particularly those involved in glycerophospholipid,fructose,and mannose metabolism,in long-term survival group.Multivariate Cox analysis identified fibrosis[hazard ratio(HR):12.70,95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.19-73.54,P=0.005]and RAC1copy number loss/deletion(HR:0.22,95%CI:0.06-0.83,P=0.026)as independent predictors of RFS.Higher fructose/mannose metabolism was associated with worse overall survival(HR:1.30,95%CI:1.01-1.68,P=0.045).Our findings emphasize the association between biological determinants and prolonged survival in patients with TNBC.Conclusions:Our study systematically identified the key molecular and metabolic features associated with prolonged survival in AJCC stage III TNBC,suggesting potential therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND The goal of therapy for traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula(TCCF)is the elimination of fistula while maintaining patency of the parent artery.The treatment for TCCF has evolved from surgery to endovascular management using detachable balloons,coils,liquid embolic agents,covered stents,or flow-diverter stent through arterial or venous approaches.Despite the withdrawal of detachable balloons from the market in the United States since 2004,transarterial embolization with detachable balloons has currently remained the best initial treatment for TCCF in several countries.However,the pseudoaneurysm formation following transarterial detachable balloon embolization has rarely been observed in long-term follow-up.AIM To determine the occurrence and long-term follow-up of pseudoaneurysm after transarterial detachable balloon for TCCF.METHODS Between January 2009 and December 2019,79 patients diagnosed with TCCF were treated using detachable latex balloons(GOLDBAL)of four sizes.Pseudoaneurysm sizes were stratified into five grades for analysis.Initial and follow-up assessments involved computed tomography angiography at 1 month,6 month,1 year,and longer intervals for significant cases.Clinical follow-ups occurred semi-annually for 2 years,then annually.Factors analyzed included sex,age,fistula size and location,and balloon size.RESULTS In our cohort of 79 patients treated for TCCF,pseudoaneurysms formed in 67.1%,with classifications ranging from grade 0 to grade 3;no grade 4 or giant pseudoaneurysms were observed.The majority of pseudoaneurysms did not progress in size,and some regressed spontaneously.Calcifications developed in most large pseudoaneurysms over 5-10 years.Parent artery occlusion occurred in 7.6%and recurrent fistulas in 16.5%.The primary risk factors for pseudoaneurysm formation were identified as the use of specific balloon sizes,with balloon SP and No.6 significantly associated with its occurrence(P=0.005 and P=0.002,respectively),whereas sex,age,fistula size,location,and the number of balloons used were not significant predictors.CONCLUSION Pseudoaneurysm formation following detachable balloon embolization for TCCF is common,primarily influenced by the size of the balloon used.Despite this,all patients with pseudoaneurysms remained asymptomatic during long-term follow-up.
文摘Purpose: To study the long-term efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab injection combined with in-travenous compound salvia injection drip in the treatment of patients with macular edema sec-ondary to branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO). Methods: Sixty-five patients of branch retinal vein occlusion with macular edema were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty-seven patients in the treat-ment group were treated with ranibizumab injection combined with intravenous compound salvia injection drip, twenty-eight patients in the control group were treated with ranibizumab injection only. All patients were recorded and analyzed changes of clinical efficacy after 3 months, 6 months after a course of treatment of 6 months. Results: During 3 months after 6 months’ treatment, there were 5 patients having recurrence in the treatment group, while there were 9 in control group, the rate of recurrence between the two groups had significant difference (P < 0.05);during 3 - 6 months after a course of treatment, there were 2 patients having recurrence in the treatment group, while there were 4 in control group, the rate of recurrence between the two groups had significant difference (P < 0.05);however, the treatment group’s BCVA was better than control group, and the difference between the two groups had significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ranibizumab injection combined with intravenous compound salvia injection drip could effectively reduce the impossibility of recurrence, improve the visual activity and bring better therapeutic efficacy in patients with macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion. The treatment showed great potential in the clinical use.
文摘Establishing satisfactory calculation methods of lake evaporation has been crucial for research and manage-ment of water resources and ecosystems. A 30 year dataset from Dickie Lake, south-central Ontario, Canada added to the limited long-term studies on lake evaporation. Evaporation during ice-free season was calcu-lated separately using seven evaporation methods, based on field meteorology, hydrology and lake water temperature data. Actual evaporation determined during a portion of a year was estimated using a lake en-ergy budget model, and the estimation was used as reference evaporation for evaluation of the seven methods. The deviation of method-induced evaporation from the reference evaporation was compared among the seven methods, and a performance rank was proposed based on the root mean squared deviation and coeffi-cient of efficiency. As for the whole ice-free season (roughly May to November), the water balance was the best method, followed by Makkink, DeBruin-Kejiman, Penman, Priestley-Taylor, Hamon, and Jensen-Haise methods. As for shorter duration (a week to a month), the DeBruin-Kejiman was the best method, followed by Penman, Priestley-Taylor, Makkink, Hamon, Jensen-Haise, and water balance method. Annual and sea-sonal changes of energy budget terms and the compensation function of lake heat storage in evaporation flux were also analyzed.
文摘BACKGROUNDThe impact of long-term dialysis (LTD) therapy on the survival benefit of kidneytransplantation compared to short-term dialysis (STD) remains unclear. Additionally,donor organ quality has been identified as a significant predictor ofpatient survival in deceased donor kidney transplantation.AIMTo investigate the effects of the best graft function within three months posttransplant,as well as dialysis duration, on transplant outcomes.METHODSA total of 255 patients were included in this retrospective cohort study. Patientswere divided into two groups: Those with LTD (≥ 15 years;Group LTD) and thosewith STD (< 15 years;Group STD). Clinical backgrounds and outcomes werecompared between the groups.RESULTSGroup LTD comprised 28 patients, while Group STD included 227 patients. Therewere no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age at transplant,donor age, lowest serum creatinine (best S-Cr) within three months posttransplant,or the frequency of cardiovascular events after transplantation. Multivariateanalysis identified age [hazard ratio (HR): 1.058;95%CI: 1.002-1.116;P =0.040], post-transplant incidence of cardiovascular disease (HR: 20.264;95%CI:6.052-67.850;P < 0.001), and best S-Cr (HR: 4.155;95%CI: 2.234-7.730;P < 0.001) asindependent predictors of mortality after transplantation. The pre-operative dialysisperiod was not statistically significant.CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that early graft dysfunction, rather than dialysis duration, may serve as a critical risk factorfor poor transplant outcomes.
基金supported by the National R&D Program for Cancer Control through the National Cancer Center funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (No. HA21C0225)。
文摘Objective: Regular cancer screening must be monitored to improve gastric cancer(GC) survival rates and maximize participation. This study examined adherence to regular GC screening over a 10-year period and identified the factors influencing adherence.Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Korean National Cancer Screening Program(KNCSP) between 2011 and 2020. The total cohort comprised 400,113 adults aged 40 years who were newly eligible for and participated in GC screening in 2011. The participants were followed up for 10 years to assess their adherence to biennial screening recommendations. They were categorized into two groups: the nonregular screening(non-RS) group, which included individuals who did not participate in subsequent screenings, and the regular screening(RS) group, which included those who participated in at least one follow-up screening.Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with adherence to regular GC screening.Results: Over 10 years, 59% of the participants completed at least four of the five recommended screenings,while 10% did not participate after their initial screening. Male participants had higher odds of non-adherence than females [adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.429, 95% confidence interval(95% CI): 1.394-1.464;P<0.001]. Nonadherence was more prevalent among self-employed individuals(aOR=1.208, P<0.001). Among males, those in the lowest income group were 1.267 times more likely to not undergo regular screening than those in the highest income group.Conclusions: Long-term adherence to regular GC screening in South Korea remains suboptimal.Socioeconomic disparities persist, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to improve adherence and enhance public health.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2021M703366)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.KQTD20190929172835662).
文摘Objective Observational studies have found associations between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and the risk of dementia,including Alzheimer’s dementia(AD)and vascular dementia(VD);however,these findings are inconsistent.It remains unclear whether these associations are causal.Methods We conducted a meta-analysis by systematically searching for observational studies on the association between IBD and dementia.Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis based on summary genome-wide association studies(GWASs)was performed.Genetic correlation and Bayesian colocalization analyses were used to provide robust genetic evidence.Results Ten observational studies involving 80,565,688 participants were included in this metaanalysis.IBD was significantly associated with dementia(risk ratio[RR]=1.36,95%CI=1.04-1.78;I2=84.8%)and VD(RR=2.60,95%CI=1.18-5.70;only one study),but not with AD(RR=2.00,95%CI=0.96-4.13;I^(2)=99.8%).MR analyses did not supported significant causal associations of IBD with dementia(dementia:odds ratio[OR]=1.01,95%CI=0.98-1.03;AD:OR=0.98,95%CI=0.95-1.01;VD:OR=1.02,95%CI=0.97-1.07).In addition,genetic correlation and co-localization analyses did not reveal any genetic associations between IBD and dementia.Conclusion Our study did not provide genetic evidence for a causal association between IBD and dementia risk.The increased risk of dementia observed in observational studies may be attributed to unobserved confounding factors or detection bias.
文摘BACKGROUND The persistent burden of cardiovascular(CV)disease in the United States requires innovative and cost-effective prognostic markers that can be relied upon.AIM To provide insights into how adiponectin can predict all-cause mortality and major adverse CV events(MACE)in patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)and to determine the prognostic value of adiponectin in predicting all-cause mortality and MACE in patients with stable CAD.METHODS We conducted a systematic search on PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar to find relevant studies published through June 2023 evaluating the long-term prognostic role of adiponectin in patients with stable CAD.Using a random effects model with 95%CI,we estimated the odds ratio(OR)while assessing heterogeneity through I^(2)statistics.To ensure robustness,we performed a sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out approach.RESULTS After screening,we included five prospective studies involving 3225 patients who were followed up for a median duration of 3.8 years.Within the study population,prevalent risk factors included hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,and smoking.The commonly prescribed medications were angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors,beta blockers,and statins.The combined adjusted OR for all-cause mortality was found to be 2.51(95%CI:1.36–4.62),showing heterogeneity(I^(2)=65.51%,P=0.03).On the other hand,the combined adjusted OR for MACE was determined to be 1.04(95%CI:1.02–1.06)with no significant heterogeneity observed(I^(2)=0%,P=0.68).Through a sensitivity analysis,it was discovered that none of the studies significantly impacted the overall results of the meta-analysis,thus indicating their robustness.CONCLUSION Higher levels of adiponectin were found to be associated with an increased risk of long-term mortality and MACE in patients with CAD,which highlights its potential as a cost-effective marker for risk assessment and guiding treatment strategies.Further research on the role of adiponectin could greatly influence decision-making and resource allocation in CV care.
基金supported by“Dalian Maritime University Teaching Reform Research Fund 2022 Annual Project”(Fund No.XJG2022-96).
文摘This paper proposes an interdisciplinary talent training model that combines foreign language education with area studies.The model aims to cultivate international ocean affairs professionals with cross-cultural communication skills,in-depth regional and country knowledge,and practical expertise in ocean affairs.Additionally,the paper presents specific training pathways and policy recommendations for implementing this model.
文摘In modern society,the globalization of literary works is evident,with exceptional literary pieces from various countries spreading worldwide.Among these,children’s literature,due to the specificity of its target audience,imposes distinct requirements on children’s books,compelling translators to approach the text from a child’s perspective.“The Little Prince”has renowned both within and outside of China,and a careful reading of this work can provide us with much inspiration.To this end,the present study adopts the perspective of Gideon Toury’s Descriptive Translation Studies to conduct an in-depth analysis of the different English and Chinese translations in conjunction with the original French novel.This approach aims to better guide literary research and explores translation methods for children’s literature through the analysis of translation norms and rules.
基金supported by Peking University,the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the National Institute on Aging and the World Bank。
文摘Background It remains unclear whether sleep duration and physical activity(PA)trajectories in middle-aged and older adults are associated with different risks of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs).This study aimed to explore the trajectories of total sleep duration and PA among middle-aged and older Chinese adults and their impact on CVD risk.Methods This study was based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.12009 adults aged 45 years and older from five waves were included.CVD events were measured by self-reports of heart disease and stroke.We first used groupbased trajectory modeling to identify total sleep duration and PA trajectories from 2011 to 2020,and then employed logistic regression models to analyze their risk for CVD.Results We identified three sleep duration and PA trajectories.The risk of heart disease increased by 33%(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.12-1.53)for the short sleep duration trajectory(vs.moderate sleep duration trajectory),by 40%(OR=1.40,95%CI:1.06-1.84)for the high decreasing PA trajectory,and by 20%(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.01-1.42)for the low stable PA trajectory(vs.high stable PA trajectory),respectively.Similar results for stroke and CVD as the outcomes were also observed,but the higher risk of stroke in the high decreasing PA trajectory group was not statistically significant.The joint effects of sleep and PA showed lower risks of heart disease and stroke in trajectories with moderate or long sleep duration and high stable PA compared with short sleep duration and a low stable PA trajectory.Conclusions Short total sleep duration,high decreasing PA,and low stable PA trajectories could increase the risk of CVDs among middle-aged and older adults.Long-term moderate to long total sleep durations and high stable PA trajectories might be optimal for preventing CVDs.
文摘Background: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused massive case fatalities across the world, people have been left with significant physical and mental disabilities, which has had an adverse impact on their quality of life. The objective of this study is to measure the short-term and long-term outcomes among COVID-19 survivors. Methods: This is a six-month-long multicentre prospective observational study, carried out in four specialized hospitals in the capital city Dhaka, where six hundred participants were enrolled by non-probability convenience sampling. Data were collected through three structured interviews, and follow-ups were done during discharge, at 1st month, and 6th month. An analytical study was done on demographic variables, socio-economic conditions, physical findings and outcomes. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: A total of 600 participants were enrolled. The mean age was 49.83. Many participants belong to the age range of 31 to 40 years. More than two-thirds (72.7%) of participants were male, whereas 27.30% were female. Most patients admitted had mild and moderate COVID-19 symptoms (40% and 58%, respectively). Among short-term COVID complications, it was found that 43.3% of the participants complained of fatigue, 32.6% of depression, 24.7% of sleep disturbance, 19% of anxiety and, 5% memory loss. In long-term COVID complications the number reduced significantly: 5% of the participants complained of fatigue, 10% of depression, 2.7% of sleep disturbance, 7.3% of anxiety and, 2.7% memory loss. The severity of lung parenchymal disease also reduced in long term COVID symptoms. The study found a statistically significant relationship between age groups and CT severity index (χ2 = 9.458, p = 0.032). Most patients (29.2%) in the under-30 age group had a CT Severity Index score of 2 & 3 (29.2%). The important CT Severity Index scores for individuals aged 30 to 60 years were 3 and 4, accounting for 37.7% and 33.3%, respectively. In the over-60 age group, 40.8% of patients showed a CT Severity Index score of 4, showing a range of 51% - 75%. Conclusion: This study found that fatigue, depression, and sleep disturbances are prevalent among COVID-19 survivors;however, these symptoms generally reduce over time. Lung problems improved;however, some patients suffered from persistent effects. Older patients, especially those with pre-existing conditions, suffer from more severe outcomes. These findings underscore the need for ongoing care for COVID-19 survivors.
文摘BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a prevalent disease encountered in military internal medicine and recognized as the main cause of dyspepsia,gastritis,and peptic ulcer,which are common diseases in military personnel.Current guidelines in China state all patients with evidence of active infection with H.pylori are offered treatment.However,the prevalence of H.pylori infection and its regional distribution in the military population remain unclear,which hinders effective prevention and treatment strategies.Understanding the prevalence of H.pylori infection in the military population will aid in the development of customized strategies to better manage this infectious disease.AIM To investigate the prevalence of H.pylori infection in the Chinese military population in different geographic areas.METHODS This multicenter,retrospective study included 22421 individuals from five tertiary hospitals located in north,east,southwest,and northwest cities of China.H.pylori infection was identified using the urea breath test,which had been performed between January 2020 and December 2021.RESULTS Of the 22421 military service members,7416(33.1%)were urea breath test-positive.The highest prevalence of H.pylori was in the 30-39 years age group for military personnel,with an infection rate of 34.9%.The majority of infected subjects were younger than 40-years-old,accounting for 70.4%of the infected population.The individuals serviced in Lanzhou and Chengdu showed a higher infection prevalence than those in Beijing,Nanjing,and Guangzhou,with prevalence rates of 44.3%,37.9%,29.0%,31.1%,and 32.3%,respectively.CONCLUSION H.pylori infection remains a common infectious disease among military personnel in China and has a relatively high prevalence rate in northwest China.
文摘Background: To prevent infectious diseases and deaths of children, vaccinations play a crucial role in public health strategies in Kuwait. However, it remained uncertain to demonstrate the potential long-term health outcomes of vaccination, including neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and autism. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term health outcomes of vaccination among Kuwait children from birth to thirteen years old. Objectives: This study included the significant objectives: (1) to compare long-term health effects, including chronic and acute conditions for unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and vaccinated children, and (2) to evaluate the association of vaccination with the neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and autism, and the preventable illnesses. Methods: This prospective study involved a sample of 976 children from Kuwait based on mothers’ reporting. Data collection about the vaccination status of children and various health outcomes relevant to chronic and acute illnesses was performed based on structured questionnaires through an online survey. However, participants were classified into unvaccinated (n = 40), partially vaccinated (n = 222), and fully vaccinated (n = 714). Statistical analyses, including the chi-square test, Odds Ratios (OR), 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and logistic regression, were performed using SAS (Version 9.4) to determine the associations between vaccination status and health outcomes among children. Results: The study disclosed that vaccinated children showed an increased diagnosis of chronic (allergic rhinitis, allergies, autism spectrum, eczema, neuro-developmental disorders, learning disability, ADHD, and any chronic condition) and acute (whooping cough, pneumonia, rubella, hepatitis A or B, measles, mumps, meningitis, influenza, rotavirus, cancer, chronic fatigue, Crohn’s disease, inflammatory bowel disease, conduct disorder, diabetes type 1 or 2, rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, seizures, hearing loss, polio, diphtheria, tetanus, and depression) illnesses than unvaccinated children. The fully vaccinated children showed an increased prevalence of influenza diagnosis, while partially vaccinated children were more likely to be diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis than unvaccinated children. In contrast, unvaccinated were more likely to have been diagnosed with chickenpox and encephalopathy than fully and partially vaccinated. Males with chronic and acute conditions had a lower incidence of allergies and pneumonia, respectively, whereas females had a reduced prevalence of acute illnesses, such as whooping cough, inflammatory bowel disease, and hepatitis A or B among vaccinated (n = 936;combination of partially vaccinated and fully vaccinated) children. Regarding medication use and health service applications, vaccinated children were more likely to use medications for fever, antibiotics, and allergies. In addition, they showed an increased rate of sick visits and emergency visits in the past twelve months. On the other hand, factors like age (2 - 5 years, 6 - 9 years, and 10 - 13 years), birth type (cesarian), and mother suffering during pregnancy (gestational diabetes) were significantly associated with NDD (learning disability, autism spectrum, and attention deficient hyperactivity disorder) in the adjusted analysis. In the interaction model of age and birth type, age (6 - 9 years;OR 5.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 25.3) and mother suffering (gestational diabetes;OR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2, 5.2) during pregnancy were associated with NDD. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that there are some cases where the infection rate is higher among the vaccinated compared to unvaccinated children, or there are no significant differences between the two groups in Kuwait. Upon controlling the factors in the interaction model, the age of 6 to 9 years and gestational diabetic mothers during pregnancy were associated with the synergistic increment of odds with NDD. These data findings are recommended to verify a larger and diverse group of samples to optimize the vaccination on health outcomes in Kuwait children.
文摘The application of environment-behavior studies plays an important role in studying the renewal of shantytowns.One of the most humane ways of renewal is designing and constructing the necessary urban spatial environment from the perspective of human daily behavior.Most of the shantytown renovation projects currently carried out in China are mainly focused on demolition and reconstruction,which not only incurs high costs but also damages the original social structure and economic model.During the process of shantytown renewal,it should improve the urban landscape,living environment,and life quality of residents,and ensure the daily life of shantytown residents without increasing their economic burden,and preserve the traces of urban development.In order to achieve this goal,it should explore the renewal strategies of shantytowns from the perspective of environment-behavior studies through behavior maps,on-site research,and literature review.Updating and design from a human perspective often achieve faster and better development;the renewal of shantytowns should be a bottom-up approach and start from a grassroots perspective,completing the renovation design through the composition of the population and behavioral patterns.
文摘Objective The relationship between non-high-density lipoprotein(NHDL)cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)ratio(NHHR)and stoke remains unknown.This study aimed to evaluate the association between the adult NHHR and stroke occurrence in the United States of America(USA).Methods To clarify the relationship between the NHHR and stroke risk,this study used a multivariable logistic regression model and a restricted cubic spline(RCS)model to investigate the association between the NHHR and stroke,and data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)from 2005 to 2018.Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the results.Results This study included 29,928 adult participants,of which 1,165 participants had a history of stroke.Logistic regression analysis of variables demonstrated a positive association between NHHR and stroke(OR 1.24,95%CI:1.03-1.50,P=0.026).Compared with the lowest reference group of NHHR,participants in the second,third,and fourth quartile had a significantly increased risk of stroke after full adjustments(OR:1.35,95%CI:1.08-1.69)(OR:1.83,95%CI:1.42-2.36)(OR:2.04,95%CI:1.50-2.79).In the total population,a nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed between the NHHR and stroke risk(P non-linearity=0.002).This association remained significant in several subgroup analyses.Further investigation of the NHHR may enhance our understanding of stroke prevention and treatment.Conclusion Our findings suggest a positive correlation between the NHHR and an increased prevalence of stroke,potentially serving as a novel predictive factor for stroke.Timely intervention and management of the NHHR may effectively mitigate stroke occurrence.Prospective studies are required to validate this association and further explore the underlying biological mechanisms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52003148 and 52261045)the State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University(No.MRUKF2021023)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBGY-475)the Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province(No.22JS003)the Industrialization Project of the State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment(Cultivation)of Qinba Region(No.SXC-2310)the key cultivation project funds of Shaanxi University of Technology(No.SLGKYXM2201).
文摘Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.
基金the Research Project of the Chinese Digestive Early Cancer Physicians’Joint Growth Program,No.GTCZ-2021-AH-34-0012.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.
基金supported by grants from the Medical Engineering Jiont Fund of the Fudan University(No.IDH2310117)。
文摘Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering valuable insights into tumor biology and potential treatment strategies.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 132 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage III TNBC,comprising 36 long-term survivors(RFS≥8 years),62 moderate-term survivors(RFS:3-8 years),and 34 short-term survivors(RFS<3 years).Analyses investigated clinicopathological factors,whole-exome sequencing,germline mutations,copy number alterations(CNAs),RNA sequences,and metabolomic profiles.Results:Long-term survivors exhibited fewer metastatic regional lymph nodes,along with tumors showing reduced stromal fibrosis and lower Ki67 index.Molecularly,these tumors exhibited multiple alterations in genes related to homologous recombination repair,with higher frequencies of germline mutations and somatic CNAs.Additionally,tumors from long-term survivors demonstrated significant downregulation of the RTK-RAS signaling pathway.Metabolomic profiling revealed decreased levels of lipids and carbohydrate,particularly those involved in glycerophospholipid,fructose,and mannose metabolism,in long-term survival group.Multivariate Cox analysis identified fibrosis[hazard ratio(HR):12.70,95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.19-73.54,P=0.005]and RAC1copy number loss/deletion(HR:0.22,95%CI:0.06-0.83,P=0.026)as independent predictors of RFS.Higher fructose/mannose metabolism was associated with worse overall survival(HR:1.30,95%CI:1.01-1.68,P=0.045).Our findings emphasize the association between biological determinants and prolonged survival in patients with TNBC.Conclusions:Our study systematically identified the key molecular and metabolic features associated with prolonged survival in AJCC stage III TNBC,suggesting potential therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.
