Bt corn “MON810: Ajeeb YG” produces delta endotoxins in the whole plant due to the genetic modification process. The chemical analysis of this variety showed significant differences from its conventional counterpart...Bt corn “MON810: Ajeeb YG” produces delta endotoxins in the whole plant due to the genetic modification process. The chemical analysis of this variety showed significant differences from its conventional counterpart “Ajeeb”. Further, feeding studies on rats were designed to complete assessing the safety of “MON810: Ajeeb YG”. Three groups of rats (6 males and 6 females’ rats/group) were fed on control diet, non-Bt corn and Bt corn for 1.5 months and 3 months. After 1.5 months, 3 males and 3 females from each group were sacrificed, and after another 1.5 months, 3 males and 3 females from each group and their offspring were sacrificed. Histopathological examination, blood haematology and serum biochemical analysis were determined. Results indicated significant differences among the tested parameters in the three groups especially Bt group. Severe changes in the liver of Bt group after 3 months were observed.展开更多
Rats of both sexes were fed on a basal feed containing 1% refined konjac meal (RKM) for 18 months and the effects of RKM on the cell aging were observed. A comparable group fed on the basic feed was used as the contro...Rats of both sexes were fed on a basal feed containing 1% refined konjac meal (RKM) for 18 months and the effects of RKM on the cell aging were observed. A comparable group fed on the basic feed was used as the control. Results obtained demonstrate that the long-term feeding of RKM to rats can delay the course of cell aging of the gliocyte, cadiomyocyte, and the endothelial cell of the large and medium arteriases, hence it is likely to delay the occurrence of arteriosclerosis and improve the functions of the brain, heart and vascular system.展开更多
Effects of refined konjac meal (RKM) on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism and bone parameters were observed in rats of both sexes fed with food containing 1% of RKM for 18 months. A comparable group of rats fed on...Effects of refined konjac meal (RKM) on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism and bone parameters were observed in rats of both sexes fed with food containing 1% of RKM for 18 months. A comparable group of rats fed on basic diet only was used as a control.Results obtained indicate that all the measured parameters (serum calcium and phosphorus level, femur weight and its calcium and phesphorus content, and the osteometry of the tibia) showed no significant difference between the experimental and the control groups.Thus there is no adverse effect either on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism or on the bone after a long-term intake at a moderate dosage.展开更多
Spinal cord injury（SCI）-induced bone loss represents the most severe osteoporosis with no effective treatment.Past animal studies have focused primarily on long bones at the acute stage using adolescent rodents. To ...Spinal cord injury（SCI）-induced bone loss represents the most severe osteoporosis with no effective treatment.Past animal studies have focused primarily on long bones at the acute stage using adolescent rodents. To mimic chronic SCI in human patients, we performed a comprehensive analysis of long-term structural and mechanical changes in axial and appendicular bones in adult rats after SCI. In this experiment, 4-month-old Fischer 344 male rats received a clinically relevant T13 contusion injury. Sixteen weeks later, sublesional femurs, tibiae,and L4 vertebrae, supralesional humeri, and blood were collected from these rats and additional non-surgery rats for micro-computed tomography（m CT）, micro-finite element, histology, and serum biochemical analyses.At trabecular sites, extreme losses of bone structure and mechanical competence were detected in the metaphysis of sublesional long bones after SCI, while the subchondral part of the same bones showed much milder damage. Marked reductions in bone mass and strength were also observed in sublesional L4 vertebrae but not in supralesional humeri. At cortical sites, SCI induced structural and strength damage in both sub- and supralesional long bones. These changes were accompanied by diminished osteoblast number and activity and increased osteoclast number and activity. Taken together, our study revealed site-specific effects of SCI on bone and demonstrated sustained inhibition of bone formation and elevation of bone resorption at the chronic stage of SCI.展开更多
Establishing satisfactory calculation methods of lake evaporation has been crucial for research and manage-ment of water resources and ecosystems. A 30 year dataset from Dickie Lake, south-central Ontario, Canada adde...Establishing satisfactory calculation methods of lake evaporation has been crucial for research and manage-ment of water resources and ecosystems. A 30 year dataset from Dickie Lake, south-central Ontario, Canada added to the limited long-term studies on lake evaporation. Evaporation during ice-free season was calcu-lated separately using seven evaporation methods, based on field meteorology, hydrology and lake water temperature data. Actual evaporation determined during a portion of a year was estimated using a lake en-ergy budget model, and the estimation was used as reference evaporation for evaluation of the seven methods. The deviation of method-induced evaporation from the reference evaporation was compared among the seven methods, and a performance rank was proposed based on the root mean squared deviation and coeffi-cient of efficiency. As for the whole ice-free season (roughly May to November), the water balance was the best method, followed by Makkink, DeBruin-Kejiman, Penman, Priestley-Taylor, Hamon, and Jensen-Haise methods. As for shorter duration (a week to a month), the DeBruin-Kejiman was the best method, followed by Penman, Priestley-Taylor, Makkink, Hamon, Jensen-Haise, and water balance method. Annual and sea-sonal changes of energy budget terms and the compensation function of lake heat storage in evaporation flux were also analyzed.展开更多
Objective To compare the effects of combined en bloc liver - pancreas transplantation ( LPT) with portal vein drainage and simultaneous combined kidney - pancreas transplantation ( KPT) with systemic venous drainage o...Objective To compare the effects of combined en bloc liver - pancreas transplantation ( LPT) with portal vein drainage and simultaneous combined kidney - pancreas transplantation ( KPT) with systemic venous drainage on the pancreatic endocrine function and related me-展开更多
Resilience traits in pig populations allow animals to deal better with infectious disease and suboptimal production environments.The data on daily weight,feed intake and feed behaviors in pigs are collected in test pe...Resilience traits in pig populations allow animals to deal better with infectious disease and suboptimal production environments.The data on daily weight,feed intake and feed behaviors in pigs are collected in test period by automated feeding stations,which facilitate to evaluate the resilience traits.In this study,we adopted the root mean square error(RMSE)of ordinary least squares(OLS)and the negative residuals of quantile regression(QR)to generate four different novel resilience traits using daily records of feed intake and feed duration between 90 and 180 days of age in a population of commercial Duroc pigs.The genome-wide association studies(GWAS)based on single-and two-trait mixed models were carried out on 550 pigs using 48,603 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)to identify genomic regions associated with resilience traits in growing pigs.We further focused on the GWAS signals to conduct gene annotation,colocalization with multi-tissue eQTL summary statistics of PigGTEx project and identification of enhancers and promoters using the publicly available data.The genomic heritabilities of four novel resilience traits ranged from 0.09 to 0.41.The pairwise genetic and phenotypic correlations ranged from 0.16 to 0.95 and from 0.05 to 0.36,respectively.Twenty-seven SNPs were identified to be significantly associated with these resilience traits.They were distributed on nine chromosomes(SSC1,SSC2,SSC6,SSC7,SSC8,SSC12,SSC14,SSC16 and SSC17).After annotation,39 QTLs and 49 candidate genes were identified.Several of these are functionally relevant candidate genes including OTUD4,TIFA and CARD14,which are involved in the host immune response,disease susceptibility and signal transduction.Eight unique SNPs were found to be causal in both GWAS and eQTL analyses across 15 tissues.Notably,one SNP(rs80794541)was associated with eQTLs identified concurrently across seven tissues/cell types,including the macrophage cell type.Furthermore,four significant SNPs(rs81467127,rs81356029,rs80794541 and rs81305085)were linked to the function of the primed enhancer,active element,and poised promoter in five pig tissues.Using the porcine fibroblast HiC dataset,SNP(rs81356029)on SSC2 regulates the CARNS1 and SSH3,while SNP(rs80794541)on SSC7 regulates the H2AC6.In this study,we generated four novel resilience traits and identified SNPs significantly associated with these resilience traits in a Duroc pig population.GWAS signals were associated with candidate genes involving in the immune traits,and were linked to the crucial regulatory elements as well.Our findings will contribute to elucidating the genetic mechanism that can enhance genome-enabled breeding and inform further research on resilience in domestic pigs.展开更多
BACKGROUND The neurological and psychiatric sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)have been documented,yet further data are needed to thoroughly evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on brain health years after the ...BACKGROUND The neurological and psychiatric sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)have been documented,yet further data are needed to thoroughly evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on brain health years after the infection.AIM To examine whether COVID-19 infection is associated with exacerbation,recurrence,or progression of pre-existing neurological or psychiatric disorders-a highrisk population that is underrepresented in COVID-19 outcome research in National Guard Health Affair patients in 4-years following a COVID-19 diagnosis.METHODS For this multicenter retrospective cohort study,we used data from the National Guard hospitals electronic health records network(BestCare)with over 10 million patients.Our cohort comprised patients who had a COVID-19 diagnosis;a matched control cohort included patient did not expose to COVID-19 in same period.Age and sex were matching factors.We estimated the incidence of 14 neurological and psychiatric outcomes in nearly 4 years after a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19.Using a multiple logistic regression,we compared incidences with those in propensity score-matched cohorts of patients with no exposure to COVID-19.Ramadan M et al.Neurological and psychiatric risks post-COVID-19 RESULTS Our primary cohort comprised 4437 patients diagnosed with COVID-19,and our propensity-score 1:1 matched control cohort comprised 4437 individuals.Nearly two-third of the COVID-19 cohort(71%)were diagnosed in 2020,and 2021.The most prevalent diagnoses for both cohorts were epilepsy 30.68%,mood disorder 23.92%,and nerve plexus disorder 22.13%.Dementia was nearly 4 times higher among COVID-19 cohort(8.27%)compared to the control cohort(2.57%).Five neurological and psychiatric outcomes had odds ratios(OR)that were significantly higher than 1 for people who had COVID-19 compared to people who had never been infected.These outcomes were cognitive deficit OR=1.54,95%confidence interval(CI):1.23-1.91,P=0.0001;nerve plexus disorder OR=1.13,95%CI:1.01-1.25,P=0.02;substance use disorder OR=1.95,95%CI:1.12-3.38,P=0.01;mood disorder OR=1.16,95%CI:1.05-1.29,P=0.003;and anxiety disorder OR=1.39,95%CI:1.07-1.79,P=0.01.CONCLUSION The study highlights the persistent risk of neurological and psychiatric conditions in COVID-19 survivors up to four years post-infection.Although the incidence was lower than in previous large studies,long-term consequences remain significant,emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring and support in mental health and neurological care.展开更多
Background: Improving the feed efficiency would increase profitability for producers while also reducing the environmental footprint of livestock production. This study was conducted to investigate the relationships a...Background: Improving the feed efficiency would increase profitability for producers while also reducing the environmental footprint of livestock production. This study was conducted to investigate the relationships among feed efficiency traits and metabolizable efficiency traits in 180 male broilers. Significant loci and genes affecting the metabolizable efficiency traits were explored with an imputation-based genome-wide association study. The traits measured or calculated comprised three growth traits, five feed efficiency related traits, and nine metabolizable efficiency traits.Results: The residual feed intake(RFI) showed moderate to high and positive phenotypic correlations with eight other traits measured, including average daily feed intake(ADFI), dry excreta weight(DEW), gross energy excretion(GEE), crude protein excretion(CPE), metabolizable dry matter(MDM), nitrogen corrected apparent metabolizable energy(AMEn), abdominal fat weight(Ab F), and percentage of abdominal fat(Ab P). Greater correlations were observed between growth traits and the feed conversion ratio(FCR) than RFI. In addition, the RFI, FCR, ADFI, DEW,GEE, CPE, MDM, AMEn, Ab F, and Ab P were lower in low-RFI birds than high-RFI birds(P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), whereas the coefficients of MDM and MCP of low-RFI birds were greater than those of high-RFI birds(P < 0.01). Five narrow QTLs for metabolizable efficiency traits were detected, including one 82.46-kb region for DEW and GEE on Gallus gallus chromosome(GGA) 26, one 120.13-kb region for MDM and AMEn on GGA1, one 691.25-kb region for the coefficients of MDM and AMEn on GGA5, one region for the coefficients of MDM and MCP on GGA2(103.45–103.53 Mb), and one 690.50-kb region for the coefficient of MCP on GGA14. Linkage disequilibrium(LD) analysis indicated that the five regions contained high LD blocks, as well as the genes chromosome 26 C6 orf106 homolog(C26 H6 orf106), LOC396098, SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 2(SHANK2), ETS homologous factor(EHF), and histamine receptor H3-like(HRH3 L), which are known to be involved in the regulation of neurodevelopment, cell proliferation and differentiation, and food intake.Conclusions: Selection for low RFI significantly decreased chicken feed intake, excreta output, and abdominal fat deposition, and increased nutrient digestibility without changing the weight gain. Five novel QTL regions involved in the control of metabolizable efficiency in chickens were identified. These results, combined through nutritional and genetic approaches, should facilitate novel insights into improving feed efficiency in poultry and other species.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The feasibility and immediate outcome of laparoscopic fenestration for patients with congenital liver cysts have been generally recognized. The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term results ...BACKGROUND: The feasibility and immediate outcome of laparoscopic fenestration for patients with congenital liver cysts have been generally recognized. The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term results after laparoscopic fenestration. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 44 patients with congenital liver cysts who had undergone laparoscopic fenestration between June 1998 and December 2004. Among them, 30 were women and 14 men, aged 57 years on average (range 18-76 years). While 14 patients had solitary cysts, 20 had multiple cysts, and 10 had polycystic liver disease. The results of laparoscopic fenestration, including mortality, morbidity, mean postoperative hospital stay, and recurrences of cysts were evaluated. RESULTS: There was no perioperative death and the morbidity rate was 11% (5/44). All complications were treated conservatively. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 4 days. A mean follow-up of 57 months showed that the rates of cyst recurrence and symptom recurrence were 9% and 4.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic fenestration as a feasible and safe treatment procedure for patients with congenital liver cysts can yield very good long-term results.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome nineand ten years after short-stemmed,bone preserving and anatomical hip arthroplasty with the MiniHip^(TM)system.METHODS In a prospective study,186 patients under...AIM To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome nineand ten years after short-stemmed,bone preserving and anatomical hip arthroplasty with the MiniHip^(TM)system.METHODS In a prospective study,186 patients underwent hip arthroplasty with a partial neck preserving short stem(MiniHip^(TM),Corin).Elderly patients were not excluded from this study,thus the mean age at the time of surgery was 59.3 years(range 32 to 82 years).Surgery and the follow-up assessments were performed at two Centers.Up until now,the mean follow-up was 112.5±8.2 mo.The Oxford Hip Score(OHS)and the Hip Dysfunction Osteoarthritis and Outcome Score(HOOS)was assessed pre-and each year after surgery.The clinical follow-up was accompanied by standardized a.p.and axial radiological examinations.Periprosthetic lucencies,hypertrophies within the Gruen zones one to fourteen were assessed.A subsidence of the stem was investigated according to Morray and heterotopic ossifications were assessed according to Brooker.RESULTS The OHS and HOOS improved from 18±3.3 to 46±2.0 and from 30±8.3 to 95±4.6 points,P<0.001 respectively.There were no differences regarding age,etiology,friction pairings,etc.,(P>0.05).Two stems were revised due to a symptomatic subsidence four and twelve months postoperatively.Thus,the survivorship for aseptic loosening at nine to ten years was 98.66%.Including one stem revision due to a symptomatic exostosis,bursitis and thigh pain as well as one revision because of a septic stem loosening,the overall survival for the stem with revision for any reason was 97.32%.Besides one asymptomatic patient,radiological signs of a proximal stress-shielding,such as bone resorptions within the proximal Gruen zones,were not noticed.Findings suggesting a distal loading,e.g.,bony hypertrophies or bone appositions of more than 2 mm,were also not detected.CONCLUSION Regarding these first long-term results on the MiniHip^(TM),the implant performed exceedingly well with a high rate of survivorship for aseptic loosening.Our radiological results within the Gruen zones support the design rationale of the Minihip to provide a reliable metaphyseal anchoring with the expected proximal,more physiological load transfer.This might minimize or exclude a stress shielding which might be associated with thigh pain,proximal bone loss and an increased risk of aseptic loosening.The MiniHip^(TM)is a reliable partial-neck retaining prosthesis with good a clinical long-term outcome in younger as well as elderly patients.展开更多
Although some short-term follow-up studies have found that individuals recovering from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)exhibit anxiety,depression,and altered brain microstructure,their long-term physical problems,ne...Although some short-term follow-up studies have found that individuals recovering from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)exhibit anxiety,depression,and altered brain microstructure,their long-term physical problems,neuropsychiatric sequelae,and changes in brain function remain unknown.This observational cohort study collected 1-year follow-up data from 22 patients who had been hospitalized with COVID-19(8 males and 11 females,aged 54.2±8.7 years).Fatigue and myalgia were persistent symptoms at the 1-year follow-up.The resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that compared with 29 healthy controls(7 males and 18 females,aged 50.5±11.6 years),COVID-19 survivors had greatly increased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF)values in the left precentral gyrus,middle frontal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus of operculum,inferior frontal gyrus of triangle,insula,hippocampus,parahippocampal gyrus,fusiform gyrus,postcentral gyrus,inferior parietal angular gyrus,supramarginal gyrus,angular gyrus,thalamus,middle temporal gyrus,inferior temporal gyrus,caudate,and putamen.ALFF values in the left caudate of the COVID-19 survivors were positively correlated with their Athens Insomnia Scale scores,and those in the left precentral gyrus were positively correlated with neutrophil count during hospitalization.The long-term follow-up results suggest that the ALFF in brain regions related to mood and sleep regulation were altered in COVID-19 survivors.This can help us understand the neurobiological mechanisms of COVID-19-related neuropsychiatric sequelae.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University(approval No.2020 S004)on March 19,2020.展开更多
Discontinuation of antipsychotic therapy has been a significant clinical issue among patients with schizophrenia, since the patients who discontinued antipsychotic treatment showed worse clinical and functional outcom...Discontinuation of antipsychotic therapy has been a significant clinical issue among patients with schizophrenia, since the patients who discontinued antipsychotic treatment showed worse clinical and functional outcomes, and higher risks of relapse of schizophrenia symptoms and hospitalization. We conducted a post-hoc analysis of a post-marketing research with a 12-month follow-up period to identify the predictors for discontinuation of antipsychotic monotherapy in Japan. This is a prospective, naturalistic multicenter observational study, designed to evaluate the discontinuation rates of olanzapine monotherapy and non-olanzapine antipsychotic monotherapy in Japanese adult patients with acute schizophrenia. Patients were treatment-naive, or had switched from other antipsychotics or from poly-pharmacotherapy to oral antipsychotic monotherapy. We analyzed the correlation of discontinuation of antipsychotic monotherapy with baseline characteristics of patients. A total of 1089 patients (578 patients treated with olanzapine and 511 with non-olanzapine antipsychotics) were eligible for analysis. By the end of the 12-month study period, 614 patients (56.4%) discontinued antipsychotic therapy. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated significantly lower discontinuation rates in all patients treated with antipsychotics: older age (Odds ratio [OR], 0.871;95% confidence interval [CI], 0.797 to 0.953;p = 0.003), outpatient status (OR, 0.508;95% CI, 0.383 to 0.675;p < 0.001), prior use of antipsychotics (OR, 0.693;95% CI, 0.516 to 0.930;p = 0.015), and olanzapine group showed lower discontinuation rate than that of non-olanzapine group (OR, 1.416;95% CI, 1.086 to 1.846;p = 0.010). The present study indicated that the outpatient status, older age, and prior use of antipsychotics have better adherence to antipsychotic treatment. In addition to these factors, use of anti-parkinson agents showed lower discontinuation rates in the olanzapine monotherapy group.展开更多
Background:The American Heart Association(AHA)introduced the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic(CKM)health and stage,reflecting the interaction among metabolism,chronic kidney disease(CKD),and the cardiovascul...Background:The American Heart Association(AHA)introduced the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic(CKM)health and stage,reflecting the interaction among metabolism,chronic kidney disease(CKD),and the cardiovascular system.However,the association between CKM stage and the long-term risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)has not been validated.This study aimed to evaluate the long-term CVD risk associated with CKM health metrics and CKM stage using data from a population-based cohort study.Methods:In total,5293 CVD-free participants were followed up to around 13 years in the Chinese Multi-provincial Cohort Study(CMCS).Considering the pathophysiologic progression of CKM health metrics abnormalities(comprising obesity,central adiposity,prediabetes,diabetes,hypertriglyceridemia,CKD,and metabolic syndrome),participants were divided into CKM stages 0,1,and 2.The time-dependent Cox regression models were used to estimate the cardiovascular risk associated with CKM health metrics and stage.Additionally,broader CVD outcomes were examined,with a specific assessment of the impact of stage 3 in 2581 participants from the CMCS-Beijing subcohort.Results:Among participants,91.2%(4825/5293)had at least one abnormal CKM health metric,8.8%(468/5293),13.3%(704/5293),and 77.9%(4121/5293)were in CKM stages 0,1,and 2,respectively;and 710 incident CVD cases occurred during a median follow-up time of 13.3 years(interquartile range:12.1 to 13.6 years).Participants with each poor CKM health metric exhibited significantly higher CVD risk.Compared with stage 0,the hazard ratio(HR)(95%confidence interval[CI])for CVD incidence was 1.31(0.84-2.04)in stage 1 and 2.27(1.57-3.28)in stage 2.Significant interactive impacts existed between CKM stage and age or sex,with higher CVD risk related to increased CKM stages in participants aged<60 years or females.Conclusion:These findings highlight the contribution of CKM health metrics and CKM stage to the long-term risk of CVD,suggesting the importance of multi-component recognition and management of poor CKM health in CVD prevention.展开更多
文摘Bt corn “MON810: Ajeeb YG” produces delta endotoxins in the whole plant due to the genetic modification process. The chemical analysis of this variety showed significant differences from its conventional counterpart “Ajeeb”. Further, feeding studies on rats were designed to complete assessing the safety of “MON810: Ajeeb YG”. Three groups of rats (6 males and 6 females’ rats/group) were fed on control diet, non-Bt corn and Bt corn for 1.5 months and 3 months. After 1.5 months, 3 males and 3 females from each group were sacrificed, and after another 1.5 months, 3 males and 3 females from each group and their offspring were sacrificed. Histopathological examination, blood haematology and serum biochemical analysis were determined. Results indicated significant differences among the tested parameters in the three groups especially Bt group. Severe changes in the liver of Bt group after 3 months were observed.
文摘Rats of both sexes were fed on a basal feed containing 1% refined konjac meal (RKM) for 18 months and the effects of RKM on the cell aging were observed. A comparable group fed on the basic feed was used as the control. Results obtained demonstrate that the long-term feeding of RKM to rats can delay the course of cell aging of the gliocyte, cadiomyocyte, and the endothelial cell of the large and medium arteriases, hence it is likely to delay the occurrence of arteriosclerosis and improve the functions of the brain, heart and vascular system.
文摘Effects of refined konjac meal (RKM) on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism and bone parameters were observed in rats of both sexes fed with food containing 1% of RKM for 18 months. A comparable group of rats fed on basic diet only was used as a control.Results obtained indicate that all the measured parameters (serum calcium and phosphorus level, femur weight and its calcium and phesphorus content, and the osteometry of the tibia) showed no significant difference between the experimental and the control groups.Thus there is no adverse effect either on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism or on the bone after a long-term intake at a moderate dosage.
基金supported by the National Institutes of Health(R01DK095803 to LQ, 1K08HD049598 to YZ)Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders P30AR050950(NIAMS/NIH)+1 种基金ASBMR Junior Faculty Osteoporosis Basic Research Award(to LQ)NIH/NIAMS R03-AR065145(to XSL)
文摘Spinal cord injury（SCI）-induced bone loss represents the most severe osteoporosis with no effective treatment.Past animal studies have focused primarily on long bones at the acute stage using adolescent rodents. To mimic chronic SCI in human patients, we performed a comprehensive analysis of long-term structural and mechanical changes in axial and appendicular bones in adult rats after SCI. In this experiment, 4-month-old Fischer 344 male rats received a clinically relevant T13 contusion injury. Sixteen weeks later, sublesional femurs, tibiae,and L4 vertebrae, supralesional humeri, and blood were collected from these rats and additional non-surgery rats for micro-computed tomography（m CT）, micro-finite element, histology, and serum biochemical analyses.At trabecular sites, extreme losses of bone structure and mechanical competence were detected in the metaphysis of sublesional long bones after SCI, while the subchondral part of the same bones showed much milder damage. Marked reductions in bone mass and strength were also observed in sublesional L4 vertebrae but not in supralesional humeri. At cortical sites, SCI induced structural and strength damage in both sub- and supralesional long bones. These changes were accompanied by diminished osteoblast number and activity and increased osteoclast number and activity. Taken together, our study revealed site-specific effects of SCI on bone and demonstrated sustained inhibition of bone formation and elevation of bone resorption at the chronic stage of SCI.
文摘Establishing satisfactory calculation methods of lake evaporation has been crucial for research and manage-ment of water resources and ecosystems. A 30 year dataset from Dickie Lake, south-central Ontario, Canada added to the limited long-term studies on lake evaporation. Evaporation during ice-free season was calcu-lated separately using seven evaporation methods, based on field meteorology, hydrology and lake water temperature data. Actual evaporation determined during a portion of a year was estimated using a lake en-ergy budget model, and the estimation was used as reference evaporation for evaluation of the seven methods. The deviation of method-induced evaporation from the reference evaporation was compared among the seven methods, and a performance rank was proposed based on the root mean squared deviation and coeffi-cient of efficiency. As for the whole ice-free season (roughly May to November), the water balance was the best method, followed by Makkink, DeBruin-Kejiman, Penman, Priestley-Taylor, Hamon, and Jensen-Haise methods. As for shorter duration (a week to a month), the DeBruin-Kejiman was the best method, followed by Penman, Priestley-Taylor, Makkink, Hamon, Jensen-Haise, and water balance method. Annual and sea-sonal changes of energy budget terms and the compensation function of lake heat storage in evaporation flux were also analyzed.
文摘Objective To compare the effects of combined en bloc liver - pancreas transplantation ( LPT) with portal vein drainage and simultaneous combined kidney - pancreas transplantation ( KPT) with systemic venous drainage on the pancreatic endocrine function and related me-
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFF1000100 and 2021YFD1301102)the National Natural Science Foundations of China(32172702)the National Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(ASTIP-IAS02).
文摘Resilience traits in pig populations allow animals to deal better with infectious disease and suboptimal production environments.The data on daily weight,feed intake and feed behaviors in pigs are collected in test period by automated feeding stations,which facilitate to evaluate the resilience traits.In this study,we adopted the root mean square error(RMSE)of ordinary least squares(OLS)and the negative residuals of quantile regression(QR)to generate four different novel resilience traits using daily records of feed intake and feed duration between 90 and 180 days of age in a population of commercial Duroc pigs.The genome-wide association studies(GWAS)based on single-and two-trait mixed models were carried out on 550 pigs using 48,603 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)to identify genomic regions associated with resilience traits in growing pigs.We further focused on the GWAS signals to conduct gene annotation,colocalization with multi-tissue eQTL summary statistics of PigGTEx project and identification of enhancers and promoters using the publicly available data.The genomic heritabilities of four novel resilience traits ranged from 0.09 to 0.41.The pairwise genetic and phenotypic correlations ranged from 0.16 to 0.95 and from 0.05 to 0.36,respectively.Twenty-seven SNPs were identified to be significantly associated with these resilience traits.They were distributed on nine chromosomes(SSC1,SSC2,SSC6,SSC7,SSC8,SSC12,SSC14,SSC16 and SSC17).After annotation,39 QTLs and 49 candidate genes were identified.Several of these are functionally relevant candidate genes including OTUD4,TIFA and CARD14,which are involved in the host immune response,disease susceptibility and signal transduction.Eight unique SNPs were found to be causal in both GWAS and eQTL analyses across 15 tissues.Notably,one SNP(rs80794541)was associated with eQTLs identified concurrently across seven tissues/cell types,including the macrophage cell type.Furthermore,four significant SNPs(rs81467127,rs81356029,rs80794541 and rs81305085)were linked to the function of the primed enhancer,active element,and poised promoter in five pig tissues.Using the porcine fibroblast HiC dataset,SNP(rs81356029)on SSC2 regulates the CARNS1 and SSH3,while SNP(rs80794541)on SSC7 regulates the H2AC6.In this study,we generated four novel resilience traits and identified SNPs significantly associated with these resilience traits in a Duroc pig population.GWAS signals were associated with candidate genes involving in the immune traits,and were linked to the crucial regulatory elements as well.Our findings will contribute to elucidating the genetic mechanism that can enhance genome-enabled breeding and inform further research on resilience in domestic pigs.
文摘BACKGROUND The neurological and psychiatric sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)have been documented,yet further data are needed to thoroughly evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on brain health years after the infection.AIM To examine whether COVID-19 infection is associated with exacerbation,recurrence,or progression of pre-existing neurological or psychiatric disorders-a highrisk population that is underrepresented in COVID-19 outcome research in National Guard Health Affair patients in 4-years following a COVID-19 diagnosis.METHODS For this multicenter retrospective cohort study,we used data from the National Guard hospitals electronic health records network(BestCare)with over 10 million patients.Our cohort comprised patients who had a COVID-19 diagnosis;a matched control cohort included patient did not expose to COVID-19 in same period.Age and sex were matching factors.We estimated the incidence of 14 neurological and psychiatric outcomes in nearly 4 years after a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19.Using a multiple logistic regression,we compared incidences with those in propensity score-matched cohorts of patients with no exposure to COVID-19.Ramadan M et al.Neurological and psychiatric risks post-COVID-19 RESULTS Our primary cohort comprised 4437 patients diagnosed with COVID-19,and our propensity-score 1:1 matched control cohort comprised 4437 individuals.Nearly two-third of the COVID-19 cohort(71%)were diagnosed in 2020,and 2021.The most prevalent diagnoses for both cohorts were epilepsy 30.68%,mood disorder 23.92%,and nerve plexus disorder 22.13%.Dementia was nearly 4 times higher among COVID-19 cohort(8.27%)compared to the control cohort(2.57%).Five neurological and psychiatric outcomes had odds ratios(OR)that were significantly higher than 1 for people who had COVID-19 compared to people who had never been infected.These outcomes were cognitive deficit OR=1.54,95%confidence interval(CI):1.23-1.91,P=0.0001;nerve plexus disorder OR=1.13,95%CI:1.01-1.25,P=0.02;substance use disorder OR=1.95,95%CI:1.12-3.38,P=0.01;mood disorder OR=1.16,95%CI:1.05-1.29,P=0.003;and anxiety disorder OR=1.39,95%CI:1.07-1.79,P=0.01.CONCLUSION The study highlights the persistent risk of neurological and psychiatric conditions in COVID-19 survivors up to four years post-infection.Although the incidence was lower than in previous large studies,long-term consequences remain significant,emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring and support in mental health and neurological care.
基金supported by grants from the National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant (Y2020PT02)the earmarked fund for the modern agroindustry technology research system (CARS-41)+1 种基金Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP-IAS04ASTIP-IAS-TS-15)。
文摘Background: Improving the feed efficiency would increase profitability for producers while also reducing the environmental footprint of livestock production. This study was conducted to investigate the relationships among feed efficiency traits and metabolizable efficiency traits in 180 male broilers. Significant loci and genes affecting the metabolizable efficiency traits were explored with an imputation-based genome-wide association study. The traits measured or calculated comprised three growth traits, five feed efficiency related traits, and nine metabolizable efficiency traits.Results: The residual feed intake(RFI) showed moderate to high and positive phenotypic correlations with eight other traits measured, including average daily feed intake(ADFI), dry excreta weight(DEW), gross energy excretion(GEE), crude protein excretion(CPE), metabolizable dry matter(MDM), nitrogen corrected apparent metabolizable energy(AMEn), abdominal fat weight(Ab F), and percentage of abdominal fat(Ab P). Greater correlations were observed between growth traits and the feed conversion ratio(FCR) than RFI. In addition, the RFI, FCR, ADFI, DEW,GEE, CPE, MDM, AMEn, Ab F, and Ab P were lower in low-RFI birds than high-RFI birds(P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), whereas the coefficients of MDM and MCP of low-RFI birds were greater than those of high-RFI birds(P < 0.01). Five narrow QTLs for metabolizable efficiency traits were detected, including one 82.46-kb region for DEW and GEE on Gallus gallus chromosome(GGA) 26, one 120.13-kb region for MDM and AMEn on GGA1, one 691.25-kb region for the coefficients of MDM and AMEn on GGA5, one region for the coefficients of MDM and MCP on GGA2(103.45–103.53 Mb), and one 690.50-kb region for the coefficient of MCP on GGA14. Linkage disequilibrium(LD) analysis indicated that the five regions contained high LD blocks, as well as the genes chromosome 26 C6 orf106 homolog(C26 H6 orf106), LOC396098, SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 2(SHANK2), ETS homologous factor(EHF), and histamine receptor H3-like(HRH3 L), which are known to be involved in the regulation of neurodevelopment, cell proliferation and differentiation, and food intake.Conclusions: Selection for low RFI significantly decreased chicken feed intake, excreta output, and abdominal fat deposition, and increased nutrient digestibility without changing the weight gain. Five novel QTL regions involved in the control of metabolizable efficiency in chickens were identified. These results, combined through nutritional and genetic approaches, should facilitate novel insights into improving feed efficiency in poultry and other species.
文摘BACKGROUND: The feasibility and immediate outcome of laparoscopic fenestration for patients with congenital liver cysts have been generally recognized. The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term results after laparoscopic fenestration. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 44 patients with congenital liver cysts who had undergone laparoscopic fenestration between June 1998 and December 2004. Among them, 30 were women and 14 men, aged 57 years on average (range 18-76 years). While 14 patients had solitary cysts, 20 had multiple cysts, and 10 had polycystic liver disease. The results of laparoscopic fenestration, including mortality, morbidity, mean postoperative hospital stay, and recurrences of cysts were evaluated. RESULTS: There was no perioperative death and the morbidity rate was 11% (5/44). All complications were treated conservatively. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 4 days. A mean follow-up of 57 months showed that the rates of cyst recurrence and symptom recurrence were 9% and 4.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic fenestration as a feasible and safe treatment procedure for patients with congenital liver cysts can yield very good long-term results.
基金Supported by A sponsorship from Corin(Corin Group,Cirencest,United Kingdom)
文摘AIM To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome nineand ten years after short-stemmed,bone preserving and anatomical hip arthroplasty with the MiniHip^(TM)system.METHODS In a prospective study,186 patients underwent hip arthroplasty with a partial neck preserving short stem(MiniHip^(TM),Corin).Elderly patients were not excluded from this study,thus the mean age at the time of surgery was 59.3 years(range 32 to 82 years).Surgery and the follow-up assessments were performed at two Centers.Up until now,the mean follow-up was 112.5±8.2 mo.The Oxford Hip Score(OHS)and the Hip Dysfunction Osteoarthritis and Outcome Score(HOOS)was assessed pre-and each year after surgery.The clinical follow-up was accompanied by standardized a.p.and axial radiological examinations.Periprosthetic lucencies,hypertrophies within the Gruen zones one to fourteen were assessed.A subsidence of the stem was investigated according to Morray and heterotopic ossifications were assessed according to Brooker.RESULTS The OHS and HOOS improved from 18±3.3 to 46±2.0 and from 30±8.3 to 95±4.6 points,P<0.001 respectively.There were no differences regarding age,etiology,friction pairings,etc.,(P>0.05).Two stems were revised due to a symptomatic subsidence four and twelve months postoperatively.Thus,the survivorship for aseptic loosening at nine to ten years was 98.66%.Including one stem revision due to a symptomatic exostosis,bursitis and thigh pain as well as one revision because of a septic stem loosening,the overall survival for the stem with revision for any reason was 97.32%.Besides one asymptomatic patient,radiological signs of a proximal stress-shielding,such as bone resorptions within the proximal Gruen zones,were not noticed.Findings suggesting a distal loading,e.g.,bony hypertrophies or bone appositions of more than 2 mm,were also not detected.CONCLUSION Regarding these first long-term results on the MiniHip^(TM),the implant performed exceedingly well with a high rate of survivorship for aseptic loosening.Our radiological results within the Gruen zones support the design rationale of the Minihip to provide a reliable metaphyseal anchoring with the expected proximal,more physiological load transfer.This might minimize or exclude a stress shielding which might be associated with thigh pain,proximal bone loss and an increased risk of aseptic loosening.The MiniHip^(TM)is a reliable partial-neck retaining prosthesis with good a clinical long-term outcome in younger as well as elderly patients.
基金supported by Key Emergency Project of Pneumonia Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Infection of China,No.2020SK3006(to JL)Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hunan Province of China,No.2020SK4001(to JL)the Innovative Major Emergency Project Funding against the New Coronavirus Pneumonia in Hunan Province of China,No.2020SK3014(to JYL)。
文摘Although some short-term follow-up studies have found that individuals recovering from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)exhibit anxiety,depression,and altered brain microstructure,their long-term physical problems,neuropsychiatric sequelae,and changes in brain function remain unknown.This observational cohort study collected 1-year follow-up data from 22 patients who had been hospitalized with COVID-19(8 males and 11 females,aged 54.2±8.7 years).Fatigue and myalgia were persistent symptoms at the 1-year follow-up.The resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that compared with 29 healthy controls(7 males and 18 females,aged 50.5±11.6 years),COVID-19 survivors had greatly increased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF)values in the left precentral gyrus,middle frontal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus of operculum,inferior frontal gyrus of triangle,insula,hippocampus,parahippocampal gyrus,fusiform gyrus,postcentral gyrus,inferior parietal angular gyrus,supramarginal gyrus,angular gyrus,thalamus,middle temporal gyrus,inferior temporal gyrus,caudate,and putamen.ALFF values in the left caudate of the COVID-19 survivors were positively correlated with their Athens Insomnia Scale scores,and those in the left precentral gyrus were positively correlated with neutrophil count during hospitalization.The long-term follow-up results suggest that the ALFF in brain regions related to mood and sleep regulation were altered in COVID-19 survivors.This can help us understand the neurobiological mechanisms of COVID-19-related neuropsychiatric sequelae.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University(approval No.2020 S004)on March 19,2020.
文摘Discontinuation of antipsychotic therapy has been a significant clinical issue among patients with schizophrenia, since the patients who discontinued antipsychotic treatment showed worse clinical and functional outcomes, and higher risks of relapse of schizophrenia symptoms and hospitalization. We conducted a post-hoc analysis of a post-marketing research with a 12-month follow-up period to identify the predictors for discontinuation of antipsychotic monotherapy in Japan. This is a prospective, naturalistic multicenter observational study, designed to evaluate the discontinuation rates of olanzapine monotherapy and non-olanzapine antipsychotic monotherapy in Japanese adult patients with acute schizophrenia. Patients were treatment-naive, or had switched from other antipsychotics or from poly-pharmacotherapy to oral antipsychotic monotherapy. We analyzed the correlation of discontinuation of antipsychotic monotherapy with baseline characteristics of patients. A total of 1089 patients (578 patients treated with olanzapine and 511 with non-olanzapine antipsychotics) were eligible for analysis. By the end of the 12-month study period, 614 patients (56.4%) discontinued antipsychotic therapy. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated significantly lower discontinuation rates in all patients treated with antipsychotics: older age (Odds ratio [OR], 0.871;95% confidence interval [CI], 0.797 to 0.953;p = 0.003), outpatient status (OR, 0.508;95% CI, 0.383 to 0.675;p < 0.001), prior use of antipsychotics (OR, 0.693;95% CI, 0.516 to 0.930;p = 0.015), and olanzapine group showed lower discontinuation rate than that of non-olanzapine group (OR, 1.416;95% CI, 1.086 to 1.846;p = 0.010). The present study indicated that the outpatient status, older age, and prior use of antipsychotics have better adherence to antipsychotic treatment. In addition to these factors, use of anti-parkinson agents showed lower discontinuation rates in the olanzapine monotherapy group.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3602501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82073635,82103962,and 12226005)+1 种基金Beijing Municipal Medical Research Institutes Pilot Reform Project sponsored by Beijing Municipal Health Commission(Nos.2021-07 and 2023-09)Capital Funds for Health Improvement and Research(No.CFH 2024-2-1052).
文摘Background:The American Heart Association(AHA)introduced the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic(CKM)health and stage,reflecting the interaction among metabolism,chronic kidney disease(CKD),and the cardiovascular system.However,the association between CKM stage and the long-term risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)has not been validated.This study aimed to evaluate the long-term CVD risk associated with CKM health metrics and CKM stage using data from a population-based cohort study.Methods:In total,5293 CVD-free participants were followed up to around 13 years in the Chinese Multi-provincial Cohort Study(CMCS).Considering the pathophysiologic progression of CKM health metrics abnormalities(comprising obesity,central adiposity,prediabetes,diabetes,hypertriglyceridemia,CKD,and metabolic syndrome),participants were divided into CKM stages 0,1,and 2.The time-dependent Cox regression models were used to estimate the cardiovascular risk associated with CKM health metrics and stage.Additionally,broader CVD outcomes were examined,with a specific assessment of the impact of stage 3 in 2581 participants from the CMCS-Beijing subcohort.Results:Among participants,91.2%(4825/5293)had at least one abnormal CKM health metric,8.8%(468/5293),13.3%(704/5293),and 77.9%(4121/5293)were in CKM stages 0,1,and 2,respectively;and 710 incident CVD cases occurred during a median follow-up time of 13.3 years(interquartile range:12.1 to 13.6 years).Participants with each poor CKM health metric exhibited significantly higher CVD risk.Compared with stage 0,the hazard ratio(HR)(95%confidence interval[CI])for CVD incidence was 1.31(0.84-2.04)in stage 1 and 2.27(1.57-3.28)in stage 2.Significant interactive impacts existed between CKM stage and age or sex,with higher CVD risk related to increased CKM stages in participants aged<60 years or females.Conclusion:These findings highlight the contribution of CKM health metrics and CKM stage to the long-term risk of CVD,suggesting the importance of multi-component recognition and management of poor CKM health in CVD prevention.
