[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term differ- ent fertilization in three types of soils on wheat yield and soil nutrient variation in Shandong Province. [Method] A 30-year located experi...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term differ- ent fertilization in three types of soils on wheat yield and soil nutrient variation in Shandong Province. [Method] A 30-year located experiment in Jinan of Shandong Province was selected and the results of soil nutrient and crop yield in 1984, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 2001, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2010 were measured and collected. In this study, five treatments： CK, NP, NK, PK and NPK of the located experiment were selected. [Result] The three types of soils in wheat yields decreased signifi- cantly in the first several years and in 2006. Wheat yields of the treatments with P fertilizers were obviously higher than those without P fertilizers; it was shown that phosphorus is the primary nutritional factor for high-yielding of wheat. The highest yield is from cinnamon soil, followed by that from brown soil, and the lowest pro- duction is from fluvo-aquic soil. Under the same fertilization, the influence of other factors on wheat yield of brown soil is the smallest, while cinnamon soil is vulnera- ble to the influence of external conditions, resulting in larger fluctuation of annual wheat yield. The alkali-hydro nitrogen contents of three kinds of soils first de- creased, then raised, and at last reduced apparently. Since 2007, the change of al- kali-hydro nitrogen content appeared rebounded. The available P contents of no- phosphorus treatments decreased over time while those of the treatments with P fertilizers increased at first, then decreased, and after that kept relatively stable. The available K contents of no K treatments decreased slowly. The treatments of PK and NK had higher available K content than NPK treatment. [Conclusion] Thus, it is an effective fertilization measure to improve the wheat yield by supplying reasonable phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer and making up potassium fertilizer.展开更多
To reveal variation of organic matter content in red paddy soil, Through a 27 years-located fertilization experiment in red paddy soil, the content and composi- tion of organic matter in paddy soil were studied in thi...To reveal variation of organic matter content in red paddy soil, Through a 27 years-located fertilization experiment in red paddy soil, the content and composi- tion of organic matter in paddy soil were studied in this paper. The result showed that： the dynamics of soil organic matter of the different fertilization treatments showed significant differences, in the premise of equal nutrient （nitrogen and phos- phorus and potassium）, combining application of organic-inorganic was benefited for the accumulation of organic matter in paddy soil than without fertilizer treatment or chemical fertilizer treatment; the dynamics of soil humic acid, HA and FA of chemi- cal fertilizer only and Combining application of organic-inorganic treatments had basi- cally the same trend, But the contents of humic acid, HA and FA of combining ap- plication of organic-inorganic treatments had been higher than that without fertilizer and chemical fertilizer treatment. Moreover combining application of organic-inorganic treatments was benefited for improving the contents of HA and FA, but decreasing HA/FA ratio as an extension of time. Combining application of organic-inorganic was benefited for improving the contents ol readily oxidizable organic matter. And the contents of soil organic matter in long-term experiment and the contents of readily oxidizable O.M were highly significant positive correlation and the contents of soil total nitrogen, avail nitrogen and potassium were significant positive correlation; the contents of soil readily oxidizable O.M and the contents of soil total nitrogen, avail- able P and rice yield were significant positive correlation. Thereinto, the correlation （r=0.818 1 ） between the rice yield and soil readily oxidizable O.M was higher than the correlation （r=0.802 0） between the rice yield and soil organic matter. It showed the soil readily oxidized organic matter had greater contribution to the rice yield.展开更多
AIM: To describe a three-dimensional model(3DM) to accurately reconstruct anatomic relationships of centrally located hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs).METHODS: From March 2013 to July 2014, reconstructions and visual s...AIM: To describe a three-dimensional model(3DM) to accurately reconstruct anatomic relationships of centrally located hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs).METHODS: From March 2013 to July 2014, reconstructions and visual simulations of centrally located HCCs were performed in 39 patients using a 3D subject-based computed tomography(CT) model with customdeveloped software. CT images were used for the 3D reconstruction of Couinaud's pedicles and hepatic veins, and the calculation of corresponding tumor territories and hepatic segments was performed using Yorktal DMIT software. The respective volume, surgical margin, and simulated virtual resection of tumors were also estimated by this model preoperatively. All patients were treated surgically and the results were retrospectively assessed. Clinical characteristics, imaging data, procedure variables, pathologic features, and postoperative data were recorded and compared to determine the reliability of the model.RESULTS: 3D reconstruction allowed stereoscopic identification of the spatial relationships between physiologic and pathologic structures, and offered quantifiable liver resection proposals based on individualized liver anatomy. The predicted values were consistent with the actual values for tumor mass volume(82.4 ± 109.1 m L vs 84.1 ± 108.9 m L, P = 0.910), surgical margin(10.1 ± 6.2 mm vs 9.1 ± 5.9 mm, P = 0.488), and maximum tumor diameter(4.61 ± 2.16 cm vs 4.53 ± 2.14 cm, P = 0.871). In addition,the number and extent of portal venous ramifications, as well as their relation to hepatic veins, were visualized. Preoperative planning based on simulated resection facilitated complete resection of large tumors located in the confluence of major vessels. And most of the predicted data were correlated with intraoperative findings.CONCLUSION: This 3DM provides quantitative morphometry of tumor masses and a stereo-relationship with adjacent structures, thus providing a promising technique for the management of centrally located HCCs.展开更多
Centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is sited in the central part of the liver and adjacent to main hepatic vascular structures.This special location is associated with an increase in the difficulty of surge...Centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is sited in the central part of the liver and adjacent to main hepatic vascular structures.This special location is associated with an increase in the difficulty of surgery,aggregation of the recurrence disease,and greater challenge in disease management.This review summarizes the evolution of our understanding for centrally located HCC and discusses the development of treatment strategies,surgical approaches and recurrence prevention methods.To improve patient survival,a multi-disciplinary modality is greatly needed throughout the whole treatment period.展开更多
Earthquake detection and location are essential in earthquake studies,which generally consists of two main classes:waveform-based and pick-based methods.To evaluate the ability of two different methods,a graphicsproce...Earthquake detection and location are essential in earthquake studies,which generally consists of two main classes:waveform-based and pick-based methods.To evaluate the ability of two different methods,a graphicsprocessing-unit-based Match&Locate(GPU-M&L)method and a rapid earthquake association and location(REAL)method are applied to continuous seismic data recorded by 24 digital seismic stations from Jiangsu Seismic Network during 2013 for comparison.GPU-M&L is one of waveform-based methods by waveform cross-correlations while REAL is one of pick-based method to associate arrivals of different seismic phases and locate events through counting the number of P and S picks and travel time residuals.Twenty-six templates are selected from the Jiangsu Seismic Network local catalog by using the GPU-M&L.The number of newly detected and located events is about 2.8 times more than those listed in the local catalog.We both utilize a deep-neural-network-based arrival-time picking method called PhaseNet and a shortterm/long-term average(STA/LTA)trigger algorithm for seismic phase detection and picking by applying the REAL.We then refine seismic locations using a least-squares location method(VELEST)and a high-precision relative location method(hypoDD).By applying STA/LTA and PhaseNet,1006 and 1893 events are associated and located,respectively.The newly detected events are mainly clustered and show steeply dipping fault planes.By analyzing the performance of these methods based on long-term continuous seismic data,the detected catalogs by the GPU-M&L and REAL show that the magnitudes of completeness are 1.4 and 0.8,respectively,which are smaller than 2.6 given by the local catalog.Although REAL provides improvement compared with GPU-M&L,REAL is highly dependent on phase detection and picking which is strongly affected by signal-noise ratio(SNR).Stations at southeast of the study region with low SNR may lead to few detections in the same area.展开更多
Dear Editor,We present the first reported case of nasal optic disc pit resulting in serous detachment of the macula. Optic disc pit is a rare congenital anomaly occurring in one out of 11 000 people. The appearance is...Dear Editor,We present the first reported case of nasal optic disc pit resulting in serous detachment of the macula. Optic disc pit is a rare congenital anomaly occurring in one out of 11 000 people. The appearance is a localized round or oval depression in that is grey, yellow or black in colour depending on the amount of glial tissue present.展开更多
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of long-term located fertilization on soil phosphorus,the changes of soil available phosphorus(OlsenP),the evolution of soil total phosphorus(TP)and the ratio change...This study was conducted to investigate the effects of long-term located fertilization on soil phosphorus,the changes of soil available phosphorus(OlsenP),the evolution of soil total phosphorus(TP)and the ratio change of Olsen-P to TP(PAC)by 33-year fertilization experiments in winter wheat-summer maize rotation system in Shandong fluvo-aquic soil.Eight treatments were designed as no fertilization(CK),nitrogen fertilizer(N),nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer(NP),nitrogen and potassium fertilizer(NK),phosphate and potassium fertilizer(PK),nitrogen-phosphate-potassium fertilizer(NPK),reduced NPK fertilizer(N(15)PK),and increased NPK fertilizer(N_(25)PK).Meanwhile,eight organic fertilizer-added treatments were designed based on the application of inorganic fertilizer the same as the above ones.The results showed that TP,Olsen-P and PAC of treatments added with organic fertilizer were higher than those without organic fertilizer,and those of the treatments applied with phosphate fertilizer were higher than those of no phosphate fertilizer.With the increase of years,soil P pool decreased due to crop absorption,nutrient loss and morphological transformation and other causes under the treatments of without and only phosphate fertilizer,while remained stable under the treatments added with organic fertilizer.The PAC values were generally lower in fluvo-aquic soil,and it could be improved by the application of organic fertilizer.On the whole,the application of chemical phosphate fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer could improve the phosphorus content in soil and ensure the supply of phosphorus nutrition.This study would provide scientific basis for fertilization management and soil fertility in fluvo-aquic soil.展开更多
A systematic study concerning the effects of a long-term stationary fertilization on content and property of soil humus in fluvo-aquic soil sampled from Malan Farm, Xinji City, Hebei, and arid red soil and paddy red s...A systematic study concerning the effects of a long-term stationary fertilization on content and property of soil humus in fluvo-aquic soil sampled from Malan Farm, Xinji City, Hebei, and arid red soil and paddy red soil sampled from the Institute of Red Soil, Jinxian County, Jiangxi was conducted. The results showed that long-term fertilization had effects not only on the content and composition of soil humus, but also on the physico-chemical property of humus. With applying organic manure or combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer, E4 and E6 values of humic acid decreased in fluvo-aquic soil and arid red soil, but increased in paddy red soil. In paddy red soil, E4 and E6 values of humic acid increased also with a single application of chemical fertilizer, but E4 and E6 values had less change of humic acid in fluvo-aquic soil and arid red soil. The effects on the visible spectroscopic property of f ulvic acid were different from that of humic acid. Long-term application of organic manure or combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer could increase E4 and E6 values of f ulvic acid in three types of soil. Single application of chemical fertilizer had less effect on the E4 and E6. Long-term fertilization could also influence the ultraviolet spectroscopic property of humus. With a single application of organic manure or combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer, the ultraviolet absorbance of humic acid and f ulvic acid increased in the three types of soil. But this effect was obvious only in short wave length, and the effect could decrease if the wave length increased. With a single application of chemical fertilizer the ultraviolet absorbance of fulvic acid could increase, but it of humic acid increased only in fluvo-aquic soil. Long-term application of organic manure or combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer could increase the content of total acidic groups, carboxy groups and phenolic hydroxy groups of humic acid and fuvic acid in the three types of soil. Single application of chemical fertilizer had less effect on the content of total acidic groups, carboxy groups and phenolic hydroxy groups of humic acid and fuvic acid in the three types of soil.展开更多
Distribution networks in China and several other countries are predominantly neutral inefficiently grounding systems(NIGSs),and more than 80%of the faults in distribution networks are single-phase-to-ground(SPG)faults...Distribution networks in China and several other countries are predominantly neutral inefficiently grounding systems(NIGSs),and more than 80%of the faults in distribution networks are single-phase-to-ground(SPG)faults.Because of the weak fault current and imperfect monitoring equipment configurations,methods used to determine the faulty line secti ons with SPG faults in NIGSs are in effective.The developme nt and application of distributi on-level phasor measurement units(PMUs)provide further comprehensive fault information for fault diagnosis in a distribution network.When an SPG fault occurs,the transient energy of the faulted line section tends to be higher than the sum of the transient energies of other line sections.In this regard,transient energy-based fault location algorithms appear to be a promising resolution.In this study,a field test plan was designed and implemented for a 10 kV distribution network.The test results dem on strate the effective ness of the transient en ergy-based SPG locati on method in practical distributi on networks.展开更多
Sixty-one patients of ischemic apoplectic hemiplegia were randomly divided into group ofneedling around the ipsilateral projective area on the scalp of the fOcus (group A) and group of scalpacupuncture (group B). Afte...Sixty-one patients of ischemic apoplectic hemiplegia were randomly divided into group ofneedling around the ipsilateral projective area on the scalp of the fOcus (group A) and group of scalpacupuncture (group B). After 30 treatments, there is a significant difference between the therapeuticeffects of two groups (P < 0. 05 ), the former is better than the latter. It suggests that the method ofneedling around the projective area on the scalp of the focus is an effective and a feasible展开更多
This study evaluated the association of periurethral calcification(PUC)with uroflowmetric parameters and symptom severity in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Th...This study evaluated the association of periurethral calcification(PUC)with uroflowmetric parameters and symptom severity in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).The data were collected from a prospectively maintained database of 1321 men with LUTS of BPH who visited Chonnam National University Hospital(Gwang-ju,Korea)from January 2015 to December 2019.PUC severity and location were evaluated on the midsagittal plane during transrectal ultrasonography.Relationships among age,prostate-related parameters,International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS),and uroflowmetric parameters were assessed.Among the 1321 patients in this study,530(40.1%)had PUC.Patients with PUC had significantly higher IPSS(mean±standard deviation[s.d.]:15.1±8.7 vs 13.1±7.9;P<0.001)and lower peak flow rate(Qmax;mean±s.d.:12.4±6.6 ml s^(-1) vs 14.7±13.3 ml s^(-1);P<0.001),compared with patients who did not have PUC.Analyses according to PUC severity revealed that patients with severe PUC had higher prostate-specific antigen(PSA)level(P=0.009),higher total IPSS(P<0.001),lower Qmax(P=0.002),and smaller prostate volume(P<0.001),compared with patients who had non-severe(mild or moderate)PUC.Multivariate analysis showed that distal PUC was independently associated with high total IPSS(P=0.02),voiding symptom score(P=0.04),and storage symptom score(P=0.023),and low Qmax(P=0.015).In conclusion,PUC was significantly associated with worse LUTS parameters in terms of IPSS and Qmax.Furthermore,distally located PUC was independently associated with worse LUTS of BPH in men.展开更多
BACKGROUND Growing evidence shows that pancreatic tumors in different anatomical locations have different characteristics,which have a significant impact on prognosis.However,no study has reported the differences betw...BACKGROUND Growing evidence shows that pancreatic tumors in different anatomical locations have different characteristics,which have a significant impact on prognosis.However,no study has reported the differences between pancreatic mucinous adenocarcinoma(PMAC)in the head vs the body/tail of the pancreas.AIM To investigate the differences in survival and clinicopathological characteristics between PMAC in the head and body/tail of pancreas.METHODS A total of 2058 PMAC patients from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database diagnosed between 1992 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.We divided the patients who met the inclusion criteria into pancreatic head group(PHG)and pancreatic body/tail group(PBTG).The relationship between two groups and risk of invasive factors was identified using logistic regression analysis.Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis were conducted to compare the overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)of two patient groups.RESULTS In total,271 PMAC patients were included in the study.The 1-year,3-year,and 5-year OS rates of these patients were 51.6%,23.5%,and 13.6%,respectively.The 1-year,3-year,and 5-year CSS rates were 53.2%,26.2%,and 17.4%,respectively.The median OS of PHG patients was longer than that of PBTG patients(18 vs 7.5 mo,P<0.001).Compared to PHG patients,PBTG patients had a greater risk of metastases[odds ratio(OR)=2.747,95%confidence interval(CI):1.628-4.636,P<0.001]and higher staging(OR=3.204,95%CI:1.895-5.415,P<0.001).Survival analysis revealed that age<65 years,male sex,low grade(G1-G2),low stage,systemic therapy,and PMAC located at the pancreatic head led to longer OS and CSS(all P<0.05).The location of PMAC was an independent prognostic factor for CSS[hazard ratio(HR)=0.7,95%CI:0.52-0.94,P=0.017].Further analysis demonstrated that OS and CSS of PHG were significantly better than PBTG in advanced stage(stage III-IV).CONCLUSION Compared to the pancreatic body/tail,PMAC located in the pancreatic head has better survival and favorable clinicopathological characteristics.展开更多
1 Introduction Sound event detection(SED)aims to identify and locate specific sound event categories and their corresponding timestamps within continuous audio streams.To overcome the limitations posed by the scarcity...1 Introduction Sound event detection(SED)aims to identify and locate specific sound event categories and their corresponding timestamps within continuous audio streams.To overcome the limitations posed by the scarcity of strongly labeled training data,researchers have increasingly turned to semi-supervised learning(SSL)[1],which leverages unlabeled data to augment training and improve detection performance.Among many SSL methods[2-4].展开更多
The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science i...The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science in China,the institute is committed to promoting the development of soil science and to solving vital problems facing agricultural development,ecological conservation,and environmental protection.展开更多
The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science i...The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science in China,the institute is committed to promoting the development of soil science and to solving vital problems facing agricultural development,ecological conservation,and environmental protection.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To propose an automatic acupuncture robot system for performing acupuncture operations.METHODS:The acupuncture robot system consists of three components:automatic acupoint localization,acupuncture manipulati...OBJECTIVE:To propose an automatic acupuncture robot system for performing acupuncture operations.METHODS:The acupuncture robot system consists of three components:automatic acupoint localization,acupuncture manipulations,and De Qi sensation detection.The OptiTrack motion capture system is used to locate acupoints,which are then translated into coordinates in the robot control system.A flexible collaborative robot with an intelligent gripper is then used to perform acupuncture manipulations with high precision.In addition,a De Qi sensation detection system is proposed to evaluate the effect of acupuncture.To verify the stability of the designed acupuncture robot,acupoints'coordinates localized by the acupuncture robot are compared with the Gold Standard labeled by a professional acupuncturist using significant level tests.RESULTS:Through repeated experiments for eight acupoints,the acupuncture robot achieved a positioning error within 3.3 mm,which is within the allowable range of needle extraction and acupoint insertion.During needle insertion,the robot arm followed the prescribed trajectory with a mean deviation distance of 0.02 mm and a deviation angle of less than 0.15°.The results of the lifting thrusting operation in the Xingzhen process show that the mean acupuncture depth error of the designed acupuncture robot is approximately 2 mm,which is within the recommended depth range for the Xingzhen operation.In addition,the average detection accuracy of the De Qi keywords is 94.52%,which meets the requirements of acupuncture effect testing for different dialects.CONCLUSION:The proposed acupuncture robot system streamlines the acupuncture process,increases efficiency,and reduces practitioner fatigue,while also allowing for the quantification of acupuncture manipulations and evaluation of therapeutic effects.The development of an acupuncture robot system has the potential to revolutionize low back pain treatment and improve patient outcomes.展开更多
This paper introduces part of the content in the association standard,T/CAAM0002–2020 Nomenclature and Location of Acupuncture Points for Laboratory Animals Part 2:Rat.This standard was released by the China Associat...This paper introduces part of the content in the association standard,T/CAAM0002–2020 Nomenclature and Location of Acupuncture Points for Laboratory Animals Part 2:Rat.This standard was released by the China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion on May 15,2020,implemented on October 31,2020,and published by Standards Press of China.The standard was drafted by the Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,and the Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine.Principal draftsmen:Xiang-hong JING and Xing-bang HUA.Participating draftsmen:Wan-Zhu BAI,Bin XU,Dong-sheng XU,Yi GUO,Tie-ming MA,Xin-jun WANG,and Sheng-feng LU.展开更多
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(201203030,201203050)Special Fund for "Taishan Scholar" Construction Engineering "Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution Prevention and Control"~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term differ- ent fertilization in three types of soils on wheat yield and soil nutrient variation in Shandong Province. [Method] A 30-year located experiment in Jinan of Shandong Province was selected and the results of soil nutrient and crop yield in 1984, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 2001, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2010 were measured and collected. In this study, five treatments： CK, NP, NK, PK and NPK of the located experiment were selected. [Result] The three types of soils in wheat yields decreased signifi- cantly in the first several years and in 2006. Wheat yields of the treatments with P fertilizers were obviously higher than those without P fertilizers; it was shown that phosphorus is the primary nutritional factor for high-yielding of wheat. The highest yield is from cinnamon soil, followed by that from brown soil, and the lowest pro- duction is from fluvo-aquic soil. Under the same fertilization, the influence of other factors on wheat yield of brown soil is the smallest, while cinnamon soil is vulnera- ble to the influence of external conditions, resulting in larger fluctuation of annual wheat yield. The alkali-hydro nitrogen contents of three kinds of soils first de- creased, then raised, and at last reduced apparently. Since 2007, the change of al- kali-hydro nitrogen content appeared rebounded. The available P contents of no- phosphorus treatments decreased over time while those of the treatments with P fertilizers increased at first, then decreased, and after that kept relatively stable. The available K contents of no K treatments decreased slowly. The treatments of PK and NK had higher available K content than NPK treatment. [Conclusion] Thus, it is an effective fertilization measure to improve the wheat yield by supplying reasonable phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer and making up potassium fertilizer.
基金Supported by National Key Technology R&D Program(2006BAD02A04)~~
文摘To reveal variation of organic matter content in red paddy soil, Through a 27 years-located fertilization experiment in red paddy soil, the content and composi- tion of organic matter in paddy soil were studied in this paper. The result showed that： the dynamics of soil organic matter of the different fertilization treatments showed significant differences, in the premise of equal nutrient （nitrogen and phos- phorus and potassium）, combining application of organic-inorganic was benefited for the accumulation of organic matter in paddy soil than without fertilizer treatment or chemical fertilizer treatment; the dynamics of soil humic acid, HA and FA of chemi- cal fertilizer only and Combining application of organic-inorganic treatments had basi- cally the same trend, But the contents of humic acid, HA and FA of combining ap- plication of organic-inorganic treatments had been higher than that without fertilizer and chemical fertilizer treatment. Moreover combining application of organic-inorganic treatments was benefited for improving the contents of HA and FA, but decreasing HA/FA ratio as an extension of time. Combining application of organic-inorganic was benefited for improving the contents ol readily oxidizable organic matter. And the contents of soil organic matter in long-term experiment and the contents of readily oxidizable O.M were highly significant positive correlation and the contents of soil total nitrogen, avail nitrogen and potassium were significant positive correlation; the contents of soil readily oxidizable O.M and the contents of soil total nitrogen, avail- able P and rice yield were significant positive correlation. Thereinto, the correlation （r=0.818 1 ） between the rice yield and soil readily oxidizable O.M was higher than the correlation （r=0.802 0） between the rice yield and soil organic matter. It showed the soil readily oxidized organic matter had greater contribution to the rice yield.
文摘AIM: To describe a three-dimensional model(3DM) to accurately reconstruct anatomic relationships of centrally located hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs).METHODS: From March 2013 to July 2014, reconstructions and visual simulations of centrally located HCCs were performed in 39 patients using a 3D subject-based computed tomography(CT) model with customdeveloped software. CT images were used for the 3D reconstruction of Couinaud's pedicles and hepatic veins, and the calculation of corresponding tumor territories and hepatic segments was performed using Yorktal DMIT software. The respective volume, surgical margin, and simulated virtual resection of tumors were also estimated by this model preoperatively. All patients were treated surgically and the results were retrospectively assessed. Clinical characteristics, imaging data, procedure variables, pathologic features, and postoperative data were recorded and compared to determine the reliability of the model.RESULTS: 3D reconstruction allowed stereoscopic identification of the spatial relationships between physiologic and pathologic structures, and offered quantifiable liver resection proposals based on individualized liver anatomy. The predicted values were consistent with the actual values for tumor mass volume(82.4 ± 109.1 m L vs 84.1 ± 108.9 m L, P = 0.910), surgical margin(10.1 ± 6.2 mm vs 9.1 ± 5.9 mm, P = 0.488), and maximum tumor diameter(4.61 ± 2.16 cm vs 4.53 ± 2.14 cm, P = 0.871). In addition,the number and extent of portal venous ramifications, as well as their relation to hepatic veins, were visualized. Preoperative planning based on simulated resection facilitated complete resection of large tumors located in the confluence of major vessels. And most of the predicted data were correlated with intraoperative findings.CONCLUSION: This 3DM provides quantitative morphometry of tumor masses and a stereo-relationship with adjacent structures, thus providing a promising technique for the management of centrally located HCCs.
文摘Centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is sited in the central part of the liver and adjacent to main hepatic vascular structures.This special location is associated with an increase in the difficulty of surgery,aggregation of the recurrence disease,and greater challenge in disease management.This review summarizes the evolution of our understanding for centrally located HCC and discusses the development of treatment strategies,surgical approaches and recurrence prevention methods.To improve patient survival,a multi-disciplinary modality is greatly needed throughout the whole treatment period.
基金This research is co-supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC1500402)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41874063 and U1939203)Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory(No.2020K02)。
文摘Earthquake detection and location are essential in earthquake studies,which generally consists of two main classes:waveform-based and pick-based methods.To evaluate the ability of two different methods,a graphicsprocessing-unit-based Match&Locate(GPU-M&L)method and a rapid earthquake association and location(REAL)method are applied to continuous seismic data recorded by 24 digital seismic stations from Jiangsu Seismic Network during 2013 for comparison.GPU-M&L is one of waveform-based methods by waveform cross-correlations while REAL is one of pick-based method to associate arrivals of different seismic phases and locate events through counting the number of P and S picks and travel time residuals.Twenty-six templates are selected from the Jiangsu Seismic Network local catalog by using the GPU-M&L.The number of newly detected and located events is about 2.8 times more than those listed in the local catalog.We both utilize a deep-neural-network-based arrival-time picking method called PhaseNet and a shortterm/long-term average(STA/LTA)trigger algorithm for seismic phase detection and picking by applying the REAL.We then refine seismic locations using a least-squares location method(VELEST)and a high-precision relative location method(hypoDD).By applying STA/LTA and PhaseNet,1006 and 1893 events are associated and located,respectively.The newly detected events are mainly clustered and show steeply dipping fault planes.By analyzing the performance of these methods based on long-term continuous seismic data,the detected catalogs by the GPU-M&L and REAL show that the magnitudes of completeness are 1.4 and 0.8,respectively,which are smaller than 2.6 given by the local catalog.Although REAL provides improvement compared with GPU-M&L,REAL is highly dependent on phase detection and picking which is strongly affected by signal-noise ratio(SNR).Stations at southeast of the study region with low SNR may lead to few detections in the same area.
文摘Dear Editor,We present the first reported case of nasal optic disc pit resulting in serous detachment of the macula. Optic disc pit is a rare congenital anomaly occurring in one out of 11 000 people. The appearance is a localized round or oval depression in that is grey, yellow or black in colour depending on the amount of glial tissue present.
基金Supported by Sub-project of National Key Research and Development Program of China in the 13thFive-Year Plan of China(2016YFD0300804-5)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201503106)Special Construction Project of"Overseas Taishan Scholar"
文摘This study was conducted to investigate the effects of long-term located fertilization on soil phosphorus,the changes of soil available phosphorus(OlsenP),the evolution of soil total phosphorus(TP)and the ratio change of Olsen-P to TP(PAC)by 33-year fertilization experiments in winter wheat-summer maize rotation system in Shandong fluvo-aquic soil.Eight treatments were designed as no fertilization(CK),nitrogen fertilizer(N),nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer(NP),nitrogen and potassium fertilizer(NK),phosphate and potassium fertilizer(PK),nitrogen-phosphate-potassium fertilizer(NPK),reduced NPK fertilizer(N(15)PK),and increased NPK fertilizer(N_(25)PK).Meanwhile,eight organic fertilizer-added treatments were designed based on the application of inorganic fertilizer the same as the above ones.The results showed that TP,Olsen-P and PAC of treatments added with organic fertilizer were higher than those without organic fertilizer,and those of the treatments applied with phosphate fertilizer were higher than those of no phosphate fertilizer.With the increase of years,soil P pool decreased due to crop absorption,nutrient loss and morphological transformation and other causes under the treatments of without and only phosphate fertilizer,while remained stable under the treatments added with organic fertilizer.The PAC values were generally lower in fluvo-aquic soil,and it could be improved by the application of organic fertilizer.On the whole,the application of chemical phosphate fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer could improve the phosphorus content in soil and ensure the supply of phosphorus nutrition.This study would provide scientific basis for fertilization management and soil fertility in fluvo-aquic soil.
文摘A systematic study concerning the effects of a long-term stationary fertilization on content and property of soil humus in fluvo-aquic soil sampled from Malan Farm, Xinji City, Hebei, and arid red soil and paddy red soil sampled from the Institute of Red Soil, Jinxian County, Jiangxi was conducted. The results showed that long-term fertilization had effects not only on the content and composition of soil humus, but also on the physico-chemical property of humus. With applying organic manure or combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer, E4 and E6 values of humic acid decreased in fluvo-aquic soil and arid red soil, but increased in paddy red soil. In paddy red soil, E4 and E6 values of humic acid increased also with a single application of chemical fertilizer, but E4 and E6 values had less change of humic acid in fluvo-aquic soil and arid red soil. The effects on the visible spectroscopic property of f ulvic acid were different from that of humic acid. Long-term application of organic manure or combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer could increase E4 and E6 values of f ulvic acid in three types of soil. Single application of chemical fertilizer had less effect on the E4 and E6. Long-term fertilization could also influence the ultraviolet spectroscopic property of humus. With a single application of organic manure or combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer, the ultraviolet absorbance of humic acid and f ulvic acid increased in the three types of soil. But this effect was obvious only in short wave length, and the effect could decrease if the wave length increased. With a single application of chemical fertilizer the ultraviolet absorbance of fulvic acid could increase, but it of humic acid increased only in fluvo-aquic soil. Long-term application of organic manure or combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer could increase the content of total acidic groups, carboxy groups and phenolic hydroxy groups of humic acid and fuvic acid in the three types of soil. Single application of chemical fertilizer had less effect on the content of total acidic groups, carboxy groups and phenolic hydroxy groups of humic acid and fuvic acid in the three types of soil.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB0902800)Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(52094017003D)supported this work.
文摘Distribution networks in China and several other countries are predominantly neutral inefficiently grounding systems(NIGSs),and more than 80%of the faults in distribution networks are single-phase-to-ground(SPG)faults.Because of the weak fault current and imperfect monitoring equipment configurations,methods used to determine the faulty line secti ons with SPG faults in NIGSs are in effective.The developme nt and application of distributi on-level phasor measurement units(PMUs)provide further comprehensive fault information for fault diagnosis in a distribution network.When an SPG fault occurs,the transient energy of the faulted line section tends to be higher than the sum of the transient energies of other line sections.In this regard,transient energy-based fault location algorithms appear to be a promising resolution.In this study,a field test plan was designed and implemented for a 10 kV distribution network.The test results dem on strate the effective ness of the transient en ergy-based SPG locati on method in practical distributi on networks.
文摘Sixty-one patients of ischemic apoplectic hemiplegia were randomly divided into group ofneedling around the ipsilateral projective area on the scalp of the fOcus (group A) and group of scalpacupuncture (group B). After 30 treatments, there is a significant difference between the therapeuticeffects of two groups (P < 0. 05 ), the former is better than the latter. It suggests that the method ofneedling around the projective area on the scalp of the focus is an effective and a feasible
文摘This study evaluated the association of periurethral calcification(PUC)with uroflowmetric parameters and symptom severity in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).The data were collected from a prospectively maintained database of 1321 men with LUTS of BPH who visited Chonnam National University Hospital(Gwang-ju,Korea)from January 2015 to December 2019.PUC severity and location were evaluated on the midsagittal plane during transrectal ultrasonography.Relationships among age,prostate-related parameters,International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS),and uroflowmetric parameters were assessed.Among the 1321 patients in this study,530(40.1%)had PUC.Patients with PUC had significantly higher IPSS(mean±standard deviation[s.d.]:15.1±8.7 vs 13.1±7.9;P<0.001)and lower peak flow rate(Qmax;mean±s.d.:12.4±6.6 ml s^(-1) vs 14.7±13.3 ml s^(-1);P<0.001),compared with patients who did not have PUC.Analyses according to PUC severity revealed that patients with severe PUC had higher prostate-specific antigen(PSA)level(P=0.009),higher total IPSS(P<0.001),lower Qmax(P=0.002),and smaller prostate volume(P<0.001),compared with patients who had non-severe(mild or moderate)PUC.Multivariate analysis showed that distal PUC was independently associated with high total IPSS(P=0.02),voiding symptom score(P=0.04),and storage symptom score(P=0.023),and low Qmax(P=0.015).In conclusion,PUC was significantly associated with worse LUTS parameters in terms of IPSS and Qmax.Furthermore,distally located PUC was independently associated with worse LUTS of BPH in men.
文摘BACKGROUND Growing evidence shows that pancreatic tumors in different anatomical locations have different characteristics,which have a significant impact on prognosis.However,no study has reported the differences between pancreatic mucinous adenocarcinoma(PMAC)in the head vs the body/tail of the pancreas.AIM To investigate the differences in survival and clinicopathological characteristics between PMAC in the head and body/tail of pancreas.METHODS A total of 2058 PMAC patients from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database diagnosed between 1992 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.We divided the patients who met the inclusion criteria into pancreatic head group(PHG)and pancreatic body/tail group(PBTG).The relationship between two groups and risk of invasive factors was identified using logistic regression analysis.Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis were conducted to compare the overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)of two patient groups.RESULTS In total,271 PMAC patients were included in the study.The 1-year,3-year,and 5-year OS rates of these patients were 51.6%,23.5%,and 13.6%,respectively.The 1-year,3-year,and 5-year CSS rates were 53.2%,26.2%,and 17.4%,respectively.The median OS of PHG patients was longer than that of PBTG patients(18 vs 7.5 mo,P<0.001).Compared to PHG patients,PBTG patients had a greater risk of metastases[odds ratio(OR)=2.747,95%confidence interval(CI):1.628-4.636,P<0.001]and higher staging(OR=3.204,95%CI:1.895-5.415,P<0.001).Survival analysis revealed that age<65 years,male sex,low grade(G1-G2),low stage,systemic therapy,and PMAC located at the pancreatic head led to longer OS and CSS(all P<0.05).The location of PMAC was an independent prognostic factor for CSS[hazard ratio(HR)=0.7,95%CI:0.52-0.94,P=0.017].Further analysis demonstrated that OS and CSS of PHG were significantly better than PBTG in advanced stage(stage III-IV).CONCLUSION Compared to the pancreatic body/tail,PMAC located in the pancreatic head has better survival and favorable clinicopathological characteristics.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Key R&D Program(Nos.2024C01108,2023C01030,2023C01034)the Hangzhou Key R&D Program(Nos.2023SZD0046,2024SZD1A03)the Ningbo Key R&D Program(No.2024Z114).
文摘1 Introduction Sound event detection(SED)aims to identify and locate specific sound event categories and their corresponding timestamps within continuous audio streams.To overcome the limitations posed by the scarcity of strongly labeled training data,researchers have increasingly turned to semi-supervised learning(SSL)[1],which leverages unlabeled data to augment training and improve detection performance.Among many SSL methods[2-4].
文摘The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science in China,the institute is committed to promoting the development of soil science and to solving vital problems facing agricultural development,ecological conservation,and environmental protection.
文摘The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science in China,the institute is committed to promoting the development of soil science and to solving vital problems facing agricultural development,ecological conservation,and environmental protection.
基金Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Project of National Key R&D Program of China:The construction of the theoretical system of Traditional Chinese Medicine nonpharmacological therapy based on body surface stimulation(2023YFC3502704)Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Program Project:Research and Development of Chinese Medicine Intelligent Tongue Diagnosis Equipment for Digestive System Chinese Medicine Advantageous Diseases(2023YFS0327)+2 种基金Research and Development of Chinese Medicine Intelligent Detection System for Intestinal Functions(2024YFFK0044)Research and Application of Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment Program for Herpes Zoster Treated by Shu Pai Fire Acupuncture(2024YFFK0089)Major Research and Development Project of The China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Innovation:Construction and application of the theoretical research mode of Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnosis and treatment of modern diseases(CI2021A00104)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To propose an automatic acupuncture robot system for performing acupuncture operations.METHODS:The acupuncture robot system consists of three components:automatic acupoint localization,acupuncture manipulations,and De Qi sensation detection.The OptiTrack motion capture system is used to locate acupoints,which are then translated into coordinates in the robot control system.A flexible collaborative robot with an intelligent gripper is then used to perform acupuncture manipulations with high precision.In addition,a De Qi sensation detection system is proposed to evaluate the effect of acupuncture.To verify the stability of the designed acupuncture robot,acupoints'coordinates localized by the acupuncture robot are compared with the Gold Standard labeled by a professional acupuncturist using significant level tests.RESULTS:Through repeated experiments for eight acupoints,the acupuncture robot achieved a positioning error within 3.3 mm,which is within the allowable range of needle extraction and acupoint insertion.During needle insertion,the robot arm followed the prescribed trajectory with a mean deviation distance of 0.02 mm and a deviation angle of less than 0.15°.The results of the lifting thrusting operation in the Xingzhen process show that the mean acupuncture depth error of the designed acupuncture robot is approximately 2 mm,which is within the recommended depth range for the Xingzhen operation.In addition,the average detection accuracy of the De Qi keywords is 94.52%,which meets the requirements of acupuncture effect testing for different dialects.CONCLUSION:The proposed acupuncture robot system streamlines the acupuncture process,increases efficiency,and reduces practitioner fatigue,while also allowing for the quantification of acupuncture manipulations and evaluation of therapeutic effects.The development of an acupuncture robot system has the potential to revolutionize low back pain treatment and improve patient outcomes.
文摘This paper introduces part of the content in the association standard,T/CAAM0002–2020 Nomenclature and Location of Acupuncture Points for Laboratory Animals Part 2:Rat.This standard was released by the China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion on May 15,2020,implemented on October 31,2020,and published by Standards Press of China.The standard was drafted by the Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,and the Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine.Principal draftsmen:Xiang-hong JING and Xing-bang HUA.Participating draftsmen:Wan-Zhu BAI,Bin XU,Dong-sheng XU,Yi GUO,Tie-ming MA,Xin-jun WANG,and Sheng-feng LU.
