Developing ecological scale breeding of local chickens with natural conditions, such as forest lands, grass lands, orchards and mulberry fields, not only can improve the quality of poultry products and the production ...Developing ecological scale breeding of local chickens with natural conditions, such as forest lands, grass lands, orchards and mulberry fields, not only can improve the quality of poultry products and the production benefits of chicken breeding, but also can develop and use local chicken germplasm effectively and promote their breed protection and industrialization. From integration and application of breed selection, breeding management, nutrient regulation, grass planting and grazing, a new ecological scale breeding technique of local chickens is proposed.展开更多
In this article, we reviewed the achievements of our team in genetic resource conservation and innovative use of Shandong local chicken breeds from the conservation, assessment on germplasm characteristics and breedin...In this article, we reviewed the achievements of our team in genetic resource conservation and innovative use of Shandong local chicken breeds from the conservation, assessment on germplasm characteristics and breeding of Shandong local chickens, so as to provide a reference for further research and development of local chicken breeds.展开更多
This work aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation of Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp flour in the CPAVI chicken ration on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of local chickens. This study involved ...This work aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation of Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp flour in the CPAVI chicken ration on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of local chickens. This study involved 50 local chicks of eight weeks of age. Chickens were divided into 5 groups of 10 chicks corresponding to five experimental rations containing 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% pulp from fruits of P. biglobosa. The nutritional composition of P. biglobosa fruit pulps were analyzed, then growth parameters and carcass characteristics were measured. The results showed that the fruit pulps of P. biglobosa were rich in metabolizable energy (4015.02 ± 0.21 Kcal/kg), crude fiber (16.88% ADF and 19.81% NDF) and potassium (2.45% ± 0.01%). Thus, the group of local chickens fed the diet containing 1% supplementation had a significantly higher live weight (1200.85 g) and carcass yield (91.99 g) (P supplementation. Additionally, individual feed consumption and average daily gain of the group at 1% supplementation were higher. In short, the flour from the pulp of the fruit of Parkia biglobosa can be supplemented up to 1% in the CPAVI pullet type feed for local chickens.展开更多
In order to contribute to a better understanding of the biodiversity of local chicken populations, this study focused on the description of the essential qualitative parameters in the phenotypic characterization of lo...In order to contribute to a better understanding of the biodiversity of local chicken populations, this study focused on the description of the essential qualitative parameters in the phenotypic characterization of local species. Conducted in 6 localities in the Far North Region of Cameroon (Doukoula, Yagoua, Guidiguis, Dziguilao, Maroua 3rd and Méri), a population of 240 local chickens, including 172 hens and 68 cocks were characterized in family farms. The choice of localities was made on the basis of their strong potential local chicken flocks in the region. To this end, each animal was the subject of a qualitative description based on the identification of the sex of the animal, the description of the colorations of the plumage and extremities, and the description of the types of format, plumage and crests. All observations were made with the naked eye and in daylight and then photographed. The main results show that the plumage colors are multiple and dominated by the White-Pied-Black (21.7%) and the Mille-fleur (20.8%);the wattles are dominated by the red (60%) and the pink (35.4%);the tarsi are dominated by the white (43.8%) and the black (32.08%);the white skin (92.5%) dominates over the pink skin (7.5%);the “Smooth-uniform” feather is dominant (97.08%), followed by the smooth-crested type (2.08%) and the fries type (0.82%);the medium size of the chickens is dominant (86.66%), followed by the dwarf size (9.58%) and the large size (3.75%). The results of this study demonstrate that there is a strong phenotypic diversity within the local chicken population. This diversity can serve as a basis for the development of selection, conservation and genetic potential improvement programs based on rational exploitation of the local chicken.展开更多
This study investigated the effect of Israel grass in feed formulation on growth performance of local chicken.The study was conducted from October 2023 until January 2024 in Kampong Chheutel Institute of Technology.Th...This study investigated the effect of Israel grass in feed formulation on growth performance of local chicken.The study was conducted from October 2023 until January 2024 in Kampong Chheutel Institute of Technology.The CRD(Completely Randomized Design)was used with 4 treatments and 4 replications.The local chicks were purchased from local famer at 1 day old and kept in whole pen by feeding commercial feed.At 21 days old the total 320 chicks were allocated into experimental treatments.The 4 feed formulas based on the level of Israel grass added such as 0,5%,7%and 9%,were called T1(control),T2,T3 and T4 respectively.The result showed that body weight gain,feed intake,ADG(Average Daily Gain)and FCR(Feed Conversion Ratio)in all treatments were not significantly different(p>0.05).However,there was strong correlation between living weight with carcass of al treatments,but no difference among carcass percentage of local chicken for all different diet in this study.In conclusion,the Israel grass did not affect growth performance of local chickens and can be used to replace some expensive feed ingredient,such as rice bran.展开更多
[ Objective] The paper presents the effects of Chinese herbal extract on the performance of local chickens for its application in animal production. [Method] The herbal extract Ⅰ and Ⅱ were added to the basal diet o...[ Objective] The paper presents the effects of Chinese herbal extract on the performance of local chickens for its application in animal production. [Method] The herbal extract Ⅰ and Ⅱ were added to the basal diet of 10 day-old chickens at the ratio of 0.6%, respectively. Then the chickens was fasted and respectively weighed at 0, 17, 24 and 31 days old. And the feed consumption and mortality of each group were recorded to determine average weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. Economic benefit was also analyzed. [ Result] There was no significant difference in average daily gain between the test groups and the control group as well as between the two test groups （P〉0.05） ; there was signifi- cant difference in feed conversion ratio between the test groups and the control group （ P 〈0.05）, but no significant difference between the two test groups （ P 〉 0.05） ; the survival rate and the economic benefits of the test groups were significantly higher than that of control （ P 〈 0.05）. [ Conclusion ] Chinese herbal extract Ⅰ and Ⅱ should improve chicken average daily gain, feed conversion ratio and survival rate, promote growth, and signifi- cantly improve economic benefit.展开更多
[Objective] To observe differences in egg quality between Shandong local hens and Hyline brown hens. [Method] Hyline brown hens and three Shandong local chicken breeds including Jining Bairi chicken, Wenshang Luhua ch...[Objective] To observe differences in egg quality between Shandong local hens and Hyline brown hens. [Method] Hyline brown hens and three Shandong local chicken breeds including Jining Bairi chicken, Wenshang Luhua chicken and Laiwu black chicken were selected for egg quality comparison. [ Result] The pementage of yolk, egg-shape index and shell strength were significantly higher in the Shandong local hens than in Hyline brown hens ( P 〈 0.05), but the opposite results were found for average egg size and Haugh unit ( P 〈 0.05). The contents of essential amino acids and linoleic acid were significantly higher in the Shandong local hens than in Hyline brown hens (P 〈 0.05), but no significant differ- ence in VA content, VE content, total amino acid content and fatty acid content was found between the Shandong local hens than in Hyline brown hens. [ Conclustion] The study investigated the effects of chicken breeds on egg quality, which provides a reference for improvement of chicken breeds in future.展开更多
The exploitation of industrial strains of chickens in the Sahelian climate of Niger is characterized by a decline in performance and significant costs associated with their maintenance. In contrast, local chickens are...The exploitation of industrial strains of chickens in the Sahelian climate of Niger is characterized by a decline in performance and significant costs associated with their maintenance. In contrast, local chickens are well adapted to these environmental conditions but with poor production performance. Genetic selection of these local chickens could improve their productivity. The first step is to determine if the genetic parameters of their growth are high enough to ensure a successful selection strategy. To do so, weekly weights of 69 parents and 119 offspring were followed for 20 weeks. The heritability and genetic correlations of these weights were estimated through the Bayesian approach using the MCMCglmm package on R software. At hatching, weights ranged from 23 to 25 g. At 20 weeks, these weights ranged from 1031 to 1052 g for females and 1308 to 1445 g for males. Heritabilities for hatch weights at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks of age were estimated to be 0.56, 0.31, 0.52, 0.53, 0.52 and 0.48 respectively and all genetic correlations were positive. In particular, weight at 8 weeks of age showed both good heritability (h<sup>2</sup> = 0.52) and strong, positive genetic correlations with weights at older ages. These results indicate that genetic selection to improve weight at 8 weeks of age would be a good strategy to improve the overall growth performance of these chickens.展开更多
Genomic studies of Newcastle disease virus(NDV)affecting chickens and pigeons in Nigeria are limited.This study characterized NDVs from chickens and pigeons within households and live bird markets in Bauchi State,Nige...Genomic studies of Newcastle disease virus(NDV)affecting chickens and pigeons in Nigeria are limited.This study characterized NDVs from chickens and pigeons within households and live bird markets in Bauchi State,Nigeria.A total of 80 pooled oropharyngeal and cloacal swab samples were collected from November 2021 to February 2022 and tested using one-step RT-PCR.Interestingly,73(91.25%)of the samples were found to be positive,and 40 sequences of the partial NDV F gene were obtained.The fusion protein cleav-age site amino acid motifs 112R-R-Q/R-K-R-F117 and 112G-R-Q-G-R-L117 were observed for the virulent(95.0%)and lentogenic(5.0%)pathotypes,respectively.The virulent NDV strains clustered with subgenotype XIV.2 NDV strains from Nigeria and neighboring Benin,whereas the lentogenic pathotypes belonged to the genotype II cluster along with NDV vaccine strains.This study highlighted the se-rious threat of virulent NDV,warranting surveillance and improved biosecurity to control local and transboundary spread of NDV.展开更多
[ Objective ] The study was to explore whether glutaredoxin （GRX2） and thioredoxin （TRX2） genes vary between Puerpiao chicken and Tengchongxue chicken in Yunnan Province. [ Methods ] Using Sanhuang chicken as the ...[ Objective ] The study was to explore whether glutaredoxin （GRX2） and thioredoxin （TRX2） genes vary between Puerpiao chicken and Tengchongxue chicken in Yunnan Province. [ Methods ] Using Sanhuang chicken as the control, the GRX2 and TRX2 genes were cloned from skirt tissues of Puerp/ao chicken and Tengchongxue chicken and then subjected to bioinformatics analysis. [ Results ] The sequencing results of both the GRX2 and TRX2 genes were completely consistent among Puerp/ao chicken, Tengchongxue chicken and Sanhuang chicken. And the sequences of GRX2 and TRX2 genes share a 100% homology with the results accessed in GenBank, and no any mutation was observed. [ Conclusion] The result provides scientific basis for investigating the antioxidant capacity of different chickens and utilizing elite local chicken resources.展开更多
基金Supported by Three New Agricultural Project in Jiangsu Province(SXGC[2013]234)
文摘Developing ecological scale breeding of local chickens with natural conditions, such as forest lands, grass lands, orchards and mulberry fields, not only can improve the quality of poultry products and the production benefits of chicken breeding, but also can develop and use local chicken germplasm effectively and promote their breed protection and industrialization. From integration and application of breed selection, breeding management, nutrient regulation, grass planting and grazing, a new ecological scale breeding technique of local chickens is proposed.
基金funded by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2008AA101001)Major Agricultural Stock Breeding Project of Shandong Province(2007lz014)Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System
文摘In this article, we reviewed the achievements of our team in genetic resource conservation and innovative use of Shandong local chicken breeds from the conservation, assessment on germplasm characteristics and breeding of Shandong local chickens, so as to provide a reference for further research and development of local chicken breeds.
文摘This work aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation of Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp flour in the CPAVI chicken ration on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of local chickens. This study involved 50 local chicks of eight weeks of age. Chickens were divided into 5 groups of 10 chicks corresponding to five experimental rations containing 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% pulp from fruits of P. biglobosa. The nutritional composition of P. biglobosa fruit pulps were analyzed, then growth parameters and carcass characteristics were measured. The results showed that the fruit pulps of P. biglobosa were rich in metabolizable energy (4015.02 ± 0.21 Kcal/kg), crude fiber (16.88% ADF and 19.81% NDF) and potassium (2.45% ± 0.01%). Thus, the group of local chickens fed the diet containing 1% supplementation had a significantly higher live weight (1200.85 g) and carcass yield (91.99 g) (P supplementation. Additionally, individual feed consumption and average daily gain of the group at 1% supplementation were higher. In short, the flour from the pulp of the fruit of Parkia biglobosa can be supplemented up to 1% in the CPAVI pullet type feed for local chickens.
文摘In order to contribute to a better understanding of the biodiversity of local chicken populations, this study focused on the description of the essential qualitative parameters in the phenotypic characterization of local species. Conducted in 6 localities in the Far North Region of Cameroon (Doukoula, Yagoua, Guidiguis, Dziguilao, Maroua 3rd and Méri), a population of 240 local chickens, including 172 hens and 68 cocks were characterized in family farms. The choice of localities was made on the basis of their strong potential local chicken flocks in the region. To this end, each animal was the subject of a qualitative description based on the identification of the sex of the animal, the description of the colorations of the plumage and extremities, and the description of the types of format, plumage and crests. All observations were made with the naked eye and in daylight and then photographed. The main results show that the plumage colors are multiple and dominated by the White-Pied-Black (21.7%) and the Mille-fleur (20.8%);the wattles are dominated by the red (60%) and the pink (35.4%);the tarsi are dominated by the white (43.8%) and the black (32.08%);the white skin (92.5%) dominates over the pink skin (7.5%);the “Smooth-uniform” feather is dominant (97.08%), followed by the smooth-crested type (2.08%) and the fries type (0.82%);the medium size of the chickens is dominant (86.66%), followed by the dwarf size (9.58%) and the large size (3.75%). The results of this study demonstrate that there is a strong phenotypic diversity within the local chicken population. This diversity can serve as a basis for the development of selection, conservation and genetic potential improvement programs based on rational exploitation of the local chicken.
文摘This study investigated the effect of Israel grass in feed formulation on growth performance of local chicken.The study was conducted from October 2023 until January 2024 in Kampong Chheutel Institute of Technology.The CRD(Completely Randomized Design)was used with 4 treatments and 4 replications.The local chicks were purchased from local famer at 1 day old and kept in whole pen by feeding commercial feed.At 21 days old the total 320 chicks were allocated into experimental treatments.The 4 feed formulas based on the level of Israel grass added such as 0,5%,7%and 9%,were called T1(control),T2,T3 and T4 respectively.The result showed that body weight gain,feed intake,ADG(Average Daily Gain)and FCR(Feed Conversion Ratio)in all treatments were not significantly different(p>0.05).However,there was strong correlation between living weight with carcass of al treatments,but no difference among carcass percentage of local chicken for all different diet in this study.In conclusion,the Israel grass did not affect growth performance of local chickens and can be used to replace some expensive feed ingredient,such as rice bran.
文摘[ Objective] The paper presents the effects of Chinese herbal extract on the performance of local chickens for its application in animal production. [Method] The herbal extract Ⅰ and Ⅱ were added to the basal diet of 10 day-old chickens at the ratio of 0.6%, respectively. Then the chickens was fasted and respectively weighed at 0, 17, 24 and 31 days old. And the feed consumption and mortality of each group were recorded to determine average weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. Economic benefit was also analyzed. [ Result] There was no significant difference in average daily gain between the test groups and the control group as well as between the two test groups （P〉0.05） ; there was signifi- cant difference in feed conversion ratio between the test groups and the control group （ P 〈0.05）, but no significant difference between the two test groups （ P 〉 0.05） ; the survival rate and the economic benefits of the test groups were significantly higher than that of control （ P 〈 0.05）. [ Conclusion ] Chinese herbal extract Ⅰ and Ⅱ should improve chicken average daily gain, feed conversion ratio and survival rate, promote growth, and signifi- cantly improve economic benefit.
基金funded by the Agricultural Stock Breeding Project of Shandong Province (2008LZ015)
文摘[Objective] To observe differences in egg quality between Shandong local hens and Hyline brown hens. [Method] Hyline brown hens and three Shandong local chicken breeds including Jining Bairi chicken, Wenshang Luhua chicken and Laiwu black chicken were selected for egg quality comparison. [ Result] The pementage of yolk, egg-shape index and shell strength were significantly higher in the Shandong local hens than in Hyline brown hens ( P 〈 0.05), but the opposite results were found for average egg size and Haugh unit ( P 〈 0.05). The contents of essential amino acids and linoleic acid were significantly higher in the Shandong local hens than in Hyline brown hens (P 〈 0.05), but no significant differ- ence in VA content, VE content, total amino acid content and fatty acid content was found between the Shandong local hens than in Hyline brown hens. [ Conclustion] The study investigated the effects of chicken breeds on egg quality, which provides a reference for improvement of chicken breeds in future.
文摘The exploitation of industrial strains of chickens in the Sahelian climate of Niger is characterized by a decline in performance and significant costs associated with their maintenance. In contrast, local chickens are well adapted to these environmental conditions but with poor production performance. Genetic selection of these local chickens could improve their productivity. The first step is to determine if the genetic parameters of their growth are high enough to ensure a successful selection strategy. To do so, weekly weights of 69 parents and 119 offspring were followed for 20 weeks. The heritability and genetic correlations of these weights were estimated through the Bayesian approach using the MCMCglmm package on R software. At hatching, weights ranged from 23 to 25 g. At 20 weeks, these weights ranged from 1031 to 1052 g for females and 1308 to 1445 g for males. Heritabilities for hatch weights at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks of age were estimated to be 0.56, 0.31, 0.52, 0.53, 0.52 and 0.48 respectively and all genetic correlations were positive. In particular, weight at 8 weeks of age showed both good heritability (h<sup>2</sup> = 0.52) and strong, positive genetic correlations with weights at older ages. These results indicate that genetic selection to improve weight at 8 weeks of age would be a good strategy to improve the overall growth performance of these chickens.
文摘Genomic studies of Newcastle disease virus(NDV)affecting chickens and pigeons in Nigeria are limited.This study characterized NDVs from chickens and pigeons within households and live bird markets in Bauchi State,Nigeria.A total of 80 pooled oropharyngeal and cloacal swab samples were collected from November 2021 to February 2022 and tested using one-step RT-PCR.Interestingly,73(91.25%)of the samples were found to be positive,and 40 sequences of the partial NDV F gene were obtained.The fusion protein cleav-age site amino acid motifs 112R-R-Q/R-K-R-F117 and 112G-R-Q-G-R-L117 were observed for the virulent(95.0%)and lentogenic(5.0%)pathotypes,respectively.The virulent NDV strains clustered with subgenotype XIV.2 NDV strains from Nigeria and neighboring Benin,whereas the lentogenic pathotypes belonged to the genotype II cluster along with NDV vaccine strains.This study highlighted the se-rious threat of virulent NDV,warranting surveillance and improved biosecurity to control local and transboundary spread of NDV.
基金Supported by Major Innovation Program for Extraction of Plant-derived NaturalDisease-resistant Components and Industrialization(KX140564)
文摘[ Objective ] The study was to explore whether glutaredoxin （GRX2） and thioredoxin （TRX2） genes vary between Puerpiao chicken and Tengchongxue chicken in Yunnan Province. [ Methods ] Using Sanhuang chicken as the control, the GRX2 and TRX2 genes were cloned from skirt tissues of Puerp/ao chicken and Tengchongxue chicken and then subjected to bioinformatics analysis. [ Results ] The sequencing results of both the GRX2 and TRX2 genes were completely consistent among Puerp/ao chicken, Tengchongxue chicken and Sanhuang chicken. And the sequences of GRX2 and TRX2 genes share a 100% homology with the results accessed in GenBank, and no any mutation was observed. [ Conclusion] The result provides scientific basis for investigating the antioxidant capacity of different chickens and utilizing elite local chicken resources.
