This study analyzes the User Interface(UI)and User Experience(UX)of information systems that provide local government information.The systems analyzed are the Local Administrative Comprehensive Information Disclosure ...This study analyzes the User Interface(UI)and User Experience(UX)of information systems that provide local government information.The systems analyzed are the Local Administrative Comprehensive Information Disclosure System(Zheripan),the Integrated Local Financial Disclosure System(Qinching Online),and the Local Regulations Information System(12348 Zhejiang Legal Network).The Local Administrative Comprehensive Information Disclosure System offers public service and personnel information,while the Integrated Local Financial Disclosure System provides financial information,and the Local Regulations Information System offers legal information as its main content.The analysis framework utilized three elements:objective data,psychological factors,and heuristic evaluation.The results of the first objective data analysis show that approximately 70%of visits to Zheripan and Qinching Online are through search,and the time spent on the homepage is short.In contrast,about 70%of visits to the 12348 Zhejiang Legal Network are direct visits,with users browsing multiple pages with a clear purpose.In terms of data provision methods,Zheripan provides two types of data in three formats,Qinching Online offers 28 types of data in five formats,and 12348 Zhejiang Legal Network provides one type of information in a single format.The second psychological factor analysis found that all three websites had a number of menus suitable for short-term cognitive capacity.However,only one of the sites had a layout that considered the user’s eye movement.Finally,the heuristic evaluation revealed that most of the evaluation criteria were not met.While the design is relatively simple and follows standards,feedback for users,error prevention,and help options were lacking.Moreover,the user-specific usability was low,and the systems remained at the information-providing level.Based on these findings,both short-term and long-term improvement measures for creating an interactive system beyond simple information disclosure are proposed.展开更多
This paper leverages the Opinions of the State Council on Further Promoting the Reform of the Household Registration System as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact of rural migrant urbanization on local go...This paper leverages the Opinions of the State Council on Further Promoting the Reform of the Household Registration System as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact of rural migrant urbanization on local government expenditures in science and technology(S&T)and education.Employing a generalized difference-in-differences(generalized-DID)approach and panel data from 271 Chinese prefecture-level and above-level cities spanning 2003–2019,we find that household registration reform driven by this urbanization process significantly increased the absolute level as well as the fiscal share of S&T and education spending.Mechanism analyses indicate that rural migrant urbanization promotes these expenditures through two channels:increasing the overall local fiscal revenue and encouraging a greater proportion of the fiscal resources to be allocated to these sectors.The findings uncover the current evolving trends in fiscal resource allocation due to rural migrant urbanization and provide empirical evidence for optimizing the provision of public services and enhancing the potential of long-term economic development.展开更多
In recent years,local government debt reduction and risk prevention have been the subjects of common concern to all parties.China's local government debt has different reasons in different historical periods,and t...In recent years,local government debt reduction and risk prevention have been the subjects of common concern to all parties.China's local government debt has different reasons in different historical periods,and the main line running through this is the development orientation of local governments.It is undeniable that local government debt has played an indelible role in China's rapid economic growth.However,due to historical restrictions,flood irrigation inevitably brought sediment all over the ground.Therefore,this paper intends to rethink the causes of local government debt from the perspective of the dual role of regional government and the main body of meso economics.展开更多
Given the existence of real estate market bubbles and risks arising from high government debt,countries are faced with the challenge of preventing systemic risks.This study investigates the macroeconomic dynamics of t...Given the existence of real estate market bubbles and risks arising from high government debt,countries are faced with the challenge of preventing systemic risks.This study investigates the macroeconomic dynamics of the real estate market and local government debt risk from the perspective of liquidity constraints.We build a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with real estate and local government debt risk based on the New Keynesian-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model(NK-DSGE)model to investigate the transmission path of local government debt risk under real estate regulation.In addition,we analyze the risk transmission between the real estate market and local government under different tax systems and investigate the shock to household welfare from a local government debt default.The results show monetary policy can effectively control the scale of local government debt to reduce default risk.An increase in property taxes that restrains housing demand can effectively regulate the real estate market.Although reducing taxes can increase macroeconomic output,reducing tax rates on consumption,capital,and labor weakens the liquidity of household assets.Further,lowering taxes increases local government default risk,which reduces household welfare and makes it more difficult for local governments to deleverage.Our findings provide important insights for countries seeking an effective real estate regulation mechanism to curb local government default risk.展开更多
Two rounds of leveraging-up have led to a high debt ratio in the Chinese economy, triggered liquidity mismatch and increased systemic financial risks. The key causes of local government liabilities are soft budget con...Two rounds of leveraging-up have led to a high debt ratio in the Chinese economy, triggered liquidity mismatch and increased systemic financial risks. The key causes of local government liabilities are soft budget constraints and non-market-based factor allocation. Currently, the risks of local government liabilities are generally controllable. This paper concludes that the long-term solution to managing local government liabilities is to enhance budget constraint and institutional assurance and proposes countermeasures in the reform of urban construction investment and ftnancing mechanisms.展开更多
This paper analyzes the links among Europeanization, multilevel governance, and international activities of local governments. To do so, a revision of the literature on these three areas is provided, with a special em...This paper analyzes the links among Europeanization, multilevel governance, and international activities of local governments. To do so, a revision of the literature on these three areas is provided, with a special emphasis on the effects that the Europeanization process （hierarchical and horizontal） and multilevel governance （type I and type II） have had over the internationalization of local governments. Thus, local governments＇ international activities have evolved and adapted to a complex system of governance. Furthermore, the paper offers a reflection on current trends such as European Union （EU） and national programmes aimed at fostering International initiatives of local governments, and the impact of the economic crisis on these activities.展开更多
The influence of the transfer payments from the central government to the local governments on the local governments＇ efforts on taxation must be taken into consideration by every country for the design of the transf...The influence of the transfer payments from the central government to the local governments on the local governments＇ efforts on taxation must be taken into consideration by every country for the design of the transfer payments. Based on the theoretical analysis on the influence of the transfer payments from the central government to the local governments＇ on the local governments＇ payments＇, this paper indicates that the local governments＇ efforts on taxation depends on the demand elasticity of the district for public goods, It increases with the increase of the elasticity. Judge the degree of the local govet：nment＇s efforts on taxation by measure 2. After an empirical analysis on the transJer payments from the central government to the local governments＇from 2000 to 2004, this paper gets the con- clusion that the local governments＇ effbrts on taxation ctbates with the increase of supporting payments or with the increase of the ratio of transfer payments to local wiliing public paymentS. Under speCific Circumstances, the higher the ratio of transfer payments to the local fiscal expenditure is. the smaller the local governments＇ efforts＇ on taxation is＂ under the central payments, whereas＇ the higher the local income is, the higher the efforts is under the central pav- ments. Based on this＇, this paper gives the meaning of its eOrresponding pofiCieS. ＂展开更多
The purpose of this article is to raise the question of how important decentralisation and local governments are for the successful transition and eventually for sustainable human development of a state. The paper foc...The purpose of this article is to raise the question of how important decentralisation and local governments are for the successful transition and eventually for sustainable human development of a state. The paper focuses on the gap between development or transition and decentralisation within academic and international policy discourse. In article, the author tries to answer such questions as how local government can contribute to SHD （sustainable human development）. And how should the international community contribute to and support the transition and development process of the developing countries？ Article shows that local self-government can be a school of democracy and responsibility for the wealth of the state and citizens. By sharing the Polish decentralisation experience, the author shows how important decentralisation might be for successful transition, democratization and sustainable development. The paper also includes a short introduction to the European Charter, recent African efforts like AMCOD or UCLGA and European Union development assistance policy. The purpose of this is to show how little attention is paid to local governments and decentralisation within international policy and how huge is the gap between Europe＇s （developed） states and Africa＇s （developing） states related to their decentralisation policy, law and practice.展开更多
The situation of the contemporary economic systems is based on their ability to ensure optimal response to the customer needs.There are several important groups of clients,who may determine development processes and w...The situation of the contemporary economic systems is based on their ability to ensure optimal response to the customer needs.There are several important groups of clients,who may determine development processes and who are recipients of public services.They include:residents,entrepreneurs,tourists,and State Treasury.Local governments are equipped with a range of legal instruments to provide public services addressed to the selected clients.The objective of this paper is to present the application of the AHP method to assess the significance of the selected categories of public services for different groups of clients in Poland.The results allow setting priorities for future policy and adjust the tasks to the specific expectations of each group of clients.The model of assessment of public services was built using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Since the 1970's,this multicriteria decision-support method has been used by researchers and practitioners in many areas of socioeconomic life.The case study presented in this paper involved 14 experts--public administration workers in one of the districts in Southern Poland.The survey consisted of two stages.First,they assessed--using the AHP--the influence of each group of customers on local development processes.The most important was"business"(priority 38.7%),followed by"tourists"(29.7%),"citizens"(26.1%),and"central administration"(5.5%).Second,they evaluated at the five-point Liken scale the influence of over 20 different public services with respect to different groups of clients.The results were aggregated using arithmetic mean and multiplied by the priorities of the clients.The synthesized final score indicated the most significant public activities overall,which were"roads"(4.16),"transport"(3.93),and"tourism"(3.84).展开更多
Local governmental debts in China seem to be in a more precarious position than local government debts in the USA. The scale of Chinese local government debts far surpasses that of the USA. Further, Chinese local gove...Local governmental debts in China seem to be in a more precarious position than local government debts in the USA. The scale of Chinese local government debts far surpasses that of the USA. Further, Chinese local government debts appear to be expanding at an alarming rate in the past decade or so. This research focuses on grand strategies for dealing with Chinese local government debts. There are five research questions for this paper： 1） What is the size of the Chinese government debts？ 2） Are Chinese local government debts controllable？ 3） Who or what caused the rapid increase of the Chinese local government debts？ 4） Is it possible to have individual accountability for increasing local government debts in the future？ and 5） Will it be helpful to create a local government debt management organization in the Chinese central government？ Based on the available literature, this analysis also utilizes in death interviews with 13 government officials, policy analyst, and scholars. First, this paper identifies the size and categories of debts related to Chinese local governments. Then this paper illustrates various ways and methods of Chinese local governments to obtain leverage. After analyzing the causes and origins of these debts, the research demonstrates a potential local systematic risk. By contrast to its advantages and disadvantages, the paper suggests that the local governmental debts need to be constrained. It is important to restrict debt growth in terms of issuing, buying, repurchasing, collateralizing, etc. within a legal framework. With the consideration of political mechanisms in China, the research suggests that the central government establishes a specific organization to help normalize the local governmental debts with the function of supervision and management. The research also believes that it will be an effective way to control the growth of local debts if the central government can hold the relevant top leaders/officials of local governments to be accountable for their performances related to debt accumulation.展开更多
This case study focuses on the current and future needs of the management accounting within the Tallinn city government and their potential relationships with the sustainability reporting. This analysis is based on th...This case study focuses on the current and future needs of the management accounting within the Tallinn city government and their potential relationships with the sustainability reporting. This analysis is based on the study carried out within the city organizations in 2011. The questionnaire drawn up by the authors includes several questions about the current management accounting tools of the city and their development and support needs. The authors also add some questions related to the sustainability reporting, which is obligatory for the city as one of the members of the Aalborg Charter. The quantitative methodology was used. The authors＇ conclusion is that the level of the managerial accountability of the Estonian municipality is increasing and its sole economic focus is changing to a broader perspective. According to the findings of the study, the authors argue that both management accounting principles and sustainability principles are coming closer together. By using Talcott Parsons＇ adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and latency （AGIL） paradigm, the authors point out four critical components for implementing the sustainability reporting into a management accounting system. The results of this study highlight the role of values in the management accounting development, which is in harmony with the AGIL paradigm.展开更多
The fiscal system is an important part of national economic management and deals with the division of financial responsibility and power,regulates and defines the fiscal activities among different levels of government...The fiscal system is an important part of national economic management and deals with the division of financial responsibility and power,regulates and defines the fiscal activities among different levels of governments.The changes in economic system and economic structure decide the changes of fiscal function and fiscal structure,which results in the changes in intergovernmental distribution form and local government behavior.This paper takes a look at the stages of China's fiscal reform process and the impacts on local government behavior,and tries to find measures for perfecting the fiscal system reform to optimize local government behavior and guarantee a healthy national economy.展开更多
Maltese Local Councils are required to prepare financial reports compliant with International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS）. Through documentary research, this study examined the suitability of this requireme...Maltese Local Councils are required to prepare financial reports compliant with International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS）. Through documentary research, this study examined the suitability of this requirement and implications for institutional relationships. This study showed that IFRS statements are problematic to produce and interpret at the local level of government, and that, on their own, they are undermining the control needs of the Central Government. This study highlighted the important role of financial reporting for accountability by showing that the use of financial reporting systems that do not fit the reporting entity may actually lead to avoidance of accountability by mystifying reality.展开更多
This paper investigates the effect of local government intervention on capital deepening of manufacturing sector by using interprovincial panel data sets of 28 Chinese provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions b...This paper investigates the effect of local government intervention on capital deepening of manufacturing sector by using interprovincial panel data sets of 28 Chinese provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions between 1994 and 2011.Theoretical research indicates that as a transitional economy,China's local government intervention in corporate investment behaviors will cause excessive investment,thus bringing about a long-term and sustained tendency of capital deepening in manufacturing sector.Empirical test further discovers that in a certain range,the phenomenon of capital deepening in manufacturing sector is not an inevitable result endogenous to economic development and technology progress,and that investment behaviors of manufacturing sector are largely subject to the external institutional environment.Fiscal decentralization has indeed promoted capital deepening of manufacturing sector.Financial credit expansion and interventions in SOEs are major instruments for local governments to intervene in the capital deepening of manufacturing sector and such an influence is particularly significant for China's central,western and northeast regions.Therefore,clarifying government functions and improving local government performance review mechanism are of great significance to the healthy development of China's manufacturing sector.展开更多
Consolidated Financial Statements （CFSs） in the public sector represent useful financial tools to improve transparency and accountability toward internal and external users. This aggregate view is only a part of the...Consolidated Financial Statements （CFSs） in the public sector represent useful financial tools to improve transparency and accountability toward internal and external users. This aggregate view is only a part of the information needed in order to give politicians, managers, employees, financial institutions, rating agencies, and citizens a whole view of a local government＇s financial performance. It emerges the need to have segment information, covering specific policy areas for which it is appropriate to separately report financial and non-financial information. This paper, after having discussed the need for accountability and decision-making in a theoretical framework, gives account of a pilot project realized by the municipality of Reggio Emilia, which introduced CFSs and segment reporting. The empirical study is based on an action research as a methodological approach to solving practical problems. Finally, the paper also offers some practical suggestions to contribute to the applicability of the segment reporting in the public sector.展开更多
In this study, we discuss the financial constraints and the behavior of local governments. We expect that governments in relative wealthy region will act as a helping hand for companies trader its control on average, ...In this study, we discuss the financial constraints and the behavior of local governments. We expect that governments in relative wealthy region will act as a helping hand for companies trader its control on average, while those in relative poor region will be a grabbing hand. By dividing local governments into 3 categories according to its GDP per capita and Fiscal Revenue per capita, we test the relationship between government attributes and the long-term performance of listed companies in corporate control market. We find that target companies who are later controlled by the wealthiest government achieve better performance, while those who were later controlled by the poorest governments also achieve significant better long-term performance.展开更多
文摘This study analyzes the User Interface(UI)and User Experience(UX)of information systems that provide local government information.The systems analyzed are the Local Administrative Comprehensive Information Disclosure System(Zheripan),the Integrated Local Financial Disclosure System(Qinching Online),and the Local Regulations Information System(12348 Zhejiang Legal Network).The Local Administrative Comprehensive Information Disclosure System offers public service and personnel information,while the Integrated Local Financial Disclosure System provides financial information,and the Local Regulations Information System offers legal information as its main content.The analysis framework utilized three elements:objective data,psychological factors,and heuristic evaluation.The results of the first objective data analysis show that approximately 70%of visits to Zheripan and Qinching Online are through search,and the time spent on the homepage is short.In contrast,about 70%of visits to the 12348 Zhejiang Legal Network are direct visits,with users browsing multiple pages with a clear purpose.In terms of data provision methods,Zheripan provides two types of data in three formats,Qinching Online offers 28 types of data in five formats,and 12348 Zhejiang Legal Network provides one type of information in a single format.The second psychological factor analysis found that all three websites had a number of menus suitable for short-term cognitive capacity.However,only one of the sites had a layout that considered the user’s eye movement.Finally,the heuristic evaluation revealed that most of the evaluation criteria were not met.While the design is relatively simple and follows standards,feedback for users,error prevention,and help options were lacking.Moreover,the user-specific usability was low,and the systems remained at the information-providing level.Based on these findings,both short-term and long-term improvement measures for creating an interactive system beyond simple information disclosure are proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project“Research on the Mechanism and Policy Design of the Impact of Rural Migrant Urbanization on Local Government Education Investment”(Grant No.72103034)the Distinguished Young Scholar Funding Project of the University of International Business and Economics(Grant No.21JQ11).
文摘This paper leverages the Opinions of the State Council on Further Promoting the Reform of the Household Registration System as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact of rural migrant urbanization on local government expenditures in science and technology(S&T)and education.Employing a generalized difference-in-differences(generalized-DID)approach and panel data from 271 Chinese prefecture-level and above-level cities spanning 2003–2019,we find that household registration reform driven by this urbanization process significantly increased the absolute level as well as the fiscal share of S&T and education spending.Mechanism analyses indicate that rural migrant urbanization promotes these expenditures through two channels:increasing the overall local fiscal revenue and encouraging a greater proportion of the fiscal resources to be allocated to these sectors.The findings uncover the current evolving trends in fiscal resource allocation due to rural migrant urbanization and provide empirical evidence for optimizing the provision of public services and enhancing the potential of long-term economic development.
文摘In recent years,local government debt reduction and risk prevention have been the subjects of common concern to all parties.China's local government debt has different reasons in different historical periods,and the main line running through this is the development orientation of local governments.It is undeniable that local government debt has played an indelible role in China's rapid economic growth.However,due to historical restrictions,flood irrigation inevitably brought sediment all over the ground.Therefore,this paper intends to rethink the causes of local government debt from the perspective of the dual role of regional government and the main body of meso economics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.72271135,72141304,71901130)National Social Science Fund of China(22&ZD117)+3 种基金Laboratory of Computation and Analytics of Complex Management Systems(Tianjin University)Special Funds for Taishan Scholars(tsqn202211120)2024 Qingdao Finance Society Key Project2024 Qingdao Social Science Planning Project.
文摘Given the existence of real estate market bubbles and risks arising from high government debt,countries are faced with the challenge of preventing systemic risks.This study investigates the macroeconomic dynamics of the real estate market and local government debt risk from the perspective of liquidity constraints.We build a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with real estate and local government debt risk based on the New Keynesian-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model(NK-DSGE)model to investigate the transmission path of local government debt risk under real estate regulation.In addition,we analyze the risk transmission between the real estate market and local government under different tax systems and investigate the shock to household welfare from a local government debt default.The results show monetary policy can effectively control the scale of local government debt to reduce default risk.An increase in property taxes that restrains housing demand can effectively regulate the real estate market.Although reducing taxes can increase macroeconomic output,reducing tax rates on consumption,capital,and labor weakens the liquidity of household assets.Further,lowering taxes increases local government default risk,which reduces household welfare and makes it more difficult for local governments to deleverage.Our findings provide important insights for countries seeking an effective real estate regulation mechanism to curb local government default risk.
文摘Two rounds of leveraging-up have led to a high debt ratio in the Chinese economy, triggered liquidity mismatch and increased systemic financial risks. The key causes of local government liabilities are soft budget constraints and non-market-based factor allocation. Currently, the risks of local government liabilities are generally controllable. This paper concludes that the long-term solution to managing local government liabilities is to enhance budget constraint and institutional assurance and proposes countermeasures in the reform of urban construction investment and ftnancing mechanisms.
文摘This paper analyzes the links among Europeanization, multilevel governance, and international activities of local governments. To do so, a revision of the literature on these three areas is provided, with a special emphasis on the effects that the Europeanization process （hierarchical and horizontal） and multilevel governance （type I and type II） have had over the internationalization of local governments. Thus, local governments＇ international activities have evolved and adapted to a complex system of governance. Furthermore, the paper offers a reflection on current trends such as European Union （EU） and national programmes aimed at fostering International initiatives of local governments, and the impact of the economic crisis on these activities.
文摘The influence of the transfer payments from the central government to the local governments on the local governments＇ efforts on taxation must be taken into consideration by every country for the design of the transfer payments. Based on the theoretical analysis on the influence of the transfer payments from the central government to the local governments＇ on the local governments＇ payments＇, this paper indicates that the local governments＇ efforts on taxation depends on the demand elasticity of the district for public goods, It increases with the increase of the elasticity. Judge the degree of the local govet：nment＇s efforts on taxation by measure 2. After an empirical analysis on the transJer payments from the central government to the local governments＇from 2000 to 2004, this paper gets the con- clusion that the local governments＇ effbrts on taxation ctbates with the increase of supporting payments or with the increase of the ratio of transfer payments to local wiliing public paymentS. Under speCific Circumstances, the higher the ratio of transfer payments to the local fiscal expenditure is. the smaller the local governments＇ efforts＇ on taxation is＂ under the central payments, whereas＇ the higher the local income is, the higher the efforts is under the central pav- ments. Based on this＇, this paper gives the meaning of its eOrresponding pofiCieS. ＂
文摘The purpose of this article is to raise the question of how important decentralisation and local governments are for the successful transition and eventually for sustainable human development of a state. The paper focuses on the gap between development or transition and decentralisation within academic and international policy discourse. In article, the author tries to answer such questions as how local government can contribute to SHD （sustainable human development）. And how should the international community contribute to and support the transition and development process of the developing countries？ Article shows that local self-government can be a school of democracy and responsibility for the wealth of the state and citizens. By sharing the Polish decentralisation experience, the author shows how important decentralisation might be for successful transition, democratization and sustainable development. The paper also includes a short introduction to the European Charter, recent African efforts like AMCOD or UCLGA and European Union development assistance policy. The purpose of this is to show how little attention is paid to local governments and decentralisation within international policy and how huge is the gap between Europe＇s （developed） states and Africa＇s （developing） states related to their decentralisation policy, law and practice.
文摘The situation of the contemporary economic systems is based on their ability to ensure optimal response to the customer needs.There are several important groups of clients,who may determine development processes and who are recipients of public services.They include:residents,entrepreneurs,tourists,and State Treasury.Local governments are equipped with a range of legal instruments to provide public services addressed to the selected clients.The objective of this paper is to present the application of the AHP method to assess the significance of the selected categories of public services for different groups of clients in Poland.The results allow setting priorities for future policy and adjust the tasks to the specific expectations of each group of clients.The model of assessment of public services was built using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Since the 1970's,this multicriteria decision-support method has been used by researchers and practitioners in many areas of socioeconomic life.The case study presented in this paper involved 14 experts--public administration workers in one of the districts in Southern Poland.The survey consisted of two stages.First,they assessed--using the AHP--the influence of each group of customers on local development processes.The most important was"business"(priority 38.7%),followed by"tourists"(29.7%),"citizens"(26.1%),and"central administration"(5.5%).Second,they evaluated at the five-point Liken scale the influence of over 20 different public services with respect to different groups of clients.The results were aggregated using arithmetic mean and multiplied by the priorities of the clients.The synthesized final score indicated the most significant public activities overall,which were"roads"(4.16),"transport"(3.93),and"tourism"(3.84).
文摘Local governmental debts in China seem to be in a more precarious position than local government debts in the USA. The scale of Chinese local government debts far surpasses that of the USA. Further, Chinese local government debts appear to be expanding at an alarming rate in the past decade or so. This research focuses on grand strategies for dealing with Chinese local government debts. There are five research questions for this paper： 1） What is the size of the Chinese government debts？ 2） Are Chinese local government debts controllable？ 3） Who or what caused the rapid increase of the Chinese local government debts？ 4） Is it possible to have individual accountability for increasing local government debts in the future？ and 5） Will it be helpful to create a local government debt management organization in the Chinese central government？ Based on the available literature, this analysis also utilizes in death interviews with 13 government officials, policy analyst, and scholars. First, this paper identifies the size and categories of debts related to Chinese local governments. Then this paper illustrates various ways and methods of Chinese local governments to obtain leverage. After analyzing the causes and origins of these debts, the research demonstrates a potential local systematic risk. By contrast to its advantages and disadvantages, the paper suggests that the local governmental debts need to be constrained. It is important to restrict debt growth in terms of issuing, buying, repurchasing, collateralizing, etc. within a legal framework. With the consideration of political mechanisms in China, the research suggests that the central government establishes a specific organization to help normalize the local governmental debts with the function of supervision and management. The research also believes that it will be an effective way to control the growth of local debts if the central government can hold the relevant top leaders/officials of local governments to be accountable for their performances related to debt accumulation.
文摘This case study focuses on the current and future needs of the management accounting within the Tallinn city government and their potential relationships with the sustainability reporting. This analysis is based on the study carried out within the city organizations in 2011. The questionnaire drawn up by the authors includes several questions about the current management accounting tools of the city and their development and support needs. The authors also add some questions related to the sustainability reporting, which is obligatory for the city as one of the members of the Aalborg Charter. The quantitative methodology was used. The authors＇ conclusion is that the level of the managerial accountability of the Estonian municipality is increasing and its sole economic focus is changing to a broader perspective. According to the findings of the study, the authors argue that both management accounting principles and sustainability principles are coming closer together. By using Talcott Parsons＇ adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and latency （AGIL） paradigm, the authors point out four critical components for implementing the sustainability reporting into a management accounting system. The results of this study highlight the role of values in the management accounting development, which is in harmony with the AGIL paradigm.
基金This paper is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.70373051).The authors are grateful to Penny Prime for helpful discussion.
文摘The fiscal system is an important part of national economic management and deals with the division of financial responsibility and power,regulates and defines the fiscal activities among different levels of governments.The changes in economic system and economic structure decide the changes of fiscal function and fiscal structure,which results in the changes in intergovernmental distribution form and local government behavior.This paper takes a look at the stages of China's fiscal reform process and the impacts on local government behavior,and tries to find measures for perfecting the fiscal system reform to optimize local government behavior and guarantee a healthy national economy.
文摘Maltese Local Councils are required to prepare financial reports compliant with International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS）. Through documentary research, this study examined the suitability of this requirement and implications for institutional relationships. This study showed that IFRS statements are problematic to produce and interpret at the local level of government, and that, on their own, they are undermining the control needs of the Central Government. This study highlighted the important role of financial reporting for accountability by showing that the use of financial reporting systems that do not fit the reporting entity may actually lead to avoidance of accountability by mystifying reality.
基金funded by Humanities and Social Sciences Research Youth Foundation Program of the Ministry of Education:Challenges of Workforce Absorption of Manufacturing Sector and Solutions-Perspective Based on Capital Deepening(Approval No.12YJC790034)
文摘This paper investigates the effect of local government intervention on capital deepening of manufacturing sector by using interprovincial panel data sets of 28 Chinese provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions between 1994 and 2011.Theoretical research indicates that as a transitional economy,China's local government intervention in corporate investment behaviors will cause excessive investment,thus bringing about a long-term and sustained tendency of capital deepening in manufacturing sector.Empirical test further discovers that in a certain range,the phenomenon of capital deepening in manufacturing sector is not an inevitable result endogenous to economic development and technology progress,and that investment behaviors of manufacturing sector are largely subject to the external institutional environment.Fiscal decentralization has indeed promoted capital deepening of manufacturing sector.Financial credit expansion and interventions in SOEs are major instruments for local governments to intervene in the capital deepening of manufacturing sector and such an influence is particularly significant for China's central,western and northeast regions.Therefore,clarifying government functions and improving local government performance review mechanism are of great significance to the healthy development of China's manufacturing sector.
文摘Consolidated Financial Statements （CFSs） in the public sector represent useful financial tools to improve transparency and accountability toward internal and external users. This aggregate view is only a part of the information needed in order to give politicians, managers, employees, financial institutions, rating agencies, and citizens a whole view of a local government＇s financial performance. It emerges the need to have segment information, covering specific policy areas for which it is appropriate to separately report financial and non-financial information. This paper, after having discussed the need for accountability and decision-making in a theoretical framework, gives account of a pilot project realized by the municipality of Reggio Emilia, which introduced CFSs and segment reporting. The empirical study is based on an action research as a methodological approach to solving practical problems. Finally, the paper also offers some practical suggestions to contribute to the applicability of the segment reporting in the public sector.
文摘In this study, we discuss the financial constraints and the behavior of local governments. We expect that governments in relative wealthy region will act as a helping hand for companies trader its control on average, while those in relative poor region will be a grabbing hand. By dividing local governments into 3 categories according to its GDP per capita and Fiscal Revenue per capita, we test the relationship between government attributes and the long-term performance of listed companies in corporate control market. We find that target companies who are later controlled by the wealthiest government achieve better performance, while those who were later controlled by the poorest governments also achieve significant better long-term performance.
