To study the influence of original defects on the dynamic stability of the columns under periodic transient loadings,the approximate solution method and the Fourier method of the stable periodic solution are adopted w...To study the influence of original defects on the dynamic stability of the columns under periodic transient loadings,the approximate solution method and the Fourier method of the stable periodic solution are adopted while considering the influence of original defects on columns.The dynamic stability of the columns under periodic transient loadings is analyzed theoretically.Through the study of different deflections,the dynamic instability of the columns is obtained by Maple software.The results of theoretical analysis show that the larger the original defects,the greater the unstable area,the stable solution amplitude of columns and the risk of instability caused by parametric resonance will be.The damping of columns is a vital factor in reducing dynamic instability at the same original defects.On the basis of the Mathieu-Hill equation,the relationship between the original defects and deflection is deduced,and the dynamic instability region of the columns under different original defects is obtained.Therefore,reducing the original defects of columns can further enhance the dynamic stability of the compressed columns in practical engineering.展开更多
Aiming at the complex electromagnetic transient process of EMU passing by phase-separation with electric load in high-speed railway, mechanism of overvoltage caused by switching off, overvoltage caused by switching on...Aiming at the complex electromagnetic transient process of EMU passing by phase-separation with electric load in high-speed railway, mechanism of overvoltage caused by switching off, overvoltage caused by switching on and impact current is analyzed systematically in this article. π-type equivalent circuit of feeding section is put forward in the analysis of overvoltage mechanism. Overvoltage and overcurrent model of passing by phase-separation with electric load are also built. Correctness of mechanism was validated by simulation. In addition, the methods to solve the influence on substations, transformers and protection devices in this process are put forward, which provides a new idea on passing by phase-separation with electric load technology.展开更多
An experimental study is performed to investigate the temperature response and distribution in a sector tilted pad thrust bearing during the transient periods such as the load on the bearing changed abruptly.Lots of t...An experimental study is performed to investigate the temperature response and distribution in a sector tilted pad thrust bearing during the transient periods such as the load on the bearing changed abruptly.Lots of thermocouples are placed on different position such as the pad surface,leading and trailing edge as well as the pad block,and then these thermocouples are used to measure the temperature variation during the transient period.The load on one pad and the displacement of the runner are measured with different sensors.The effects of a sudden load change on temperature at different position of the pads are analyzed according to the experimental data.The influence of different initial conditions and the different load increment on temperature variation at the pad surface and pad body are obtained,and temperature responses at leading edge and trailing edge under different conditions are tested.This experimental study shows a significant effect of load increment and initial condition on the temperature distribution of bearing pad interface under sudden load change conditions,and the measurement of real oil film temperature is difficult due to the large thermal inertia of pad surface.展开更多
The propagation of stress waves in a large-diameter pipe pile for low strain dynamic testing cannot be explained properly by traditional 1D wave theories. A new computational model is established to obtain a wave equa...The propagation of stress waves in a large-diameter pipe pile for low strain dynamic testing cannot be explained properly by traditional 1D wave theories. A new computational model is established to obtain a wave equation that can describe the dynamic response of a large-diameter thin-walled pipe pile to a transient point load during a low strain integrity test. An analytical solution in the time domain is deduced using the separation of variables and variation of constant methods. The validity of this new solution is verifi ed by an existing analytical solution under free boundary conditions. The results of this time domain solution are also compared with the results of a frequency domain solution and fi eld test data. The comparisons indicate that the new solution agrees well with the results of previous solutions. Parametric studies using the new solution with reference to a case study are also carried out. The results show that the mode number affects the accuracy of the dynamic response. A mode number greater than 10 is required to enable the calculated dynamic responses to be independent of the mode number. The dynamic response is also greatly affected by soil properties. The larger the side resistance, the smaller the displacement response and the smaller the refl ected velocity wave crest. The displacement increases as the stress waves propagate along the pile when the pile shaft is free. The incident waves of displacement and velocity responses of the pile are not the same among different points in the circumferential direction on the pile top. However, the arrival time and peak value of the pile tip refl ected waves are almost the same among different points on the pile top.展开更多
In this paper, the nonlinear transient dynamic response of functionally graded material （FGM） sandwich doubly curved shell with homogenous isotropic material core and functionally graded face sheet is analyzed using...In this paper, the nonlinear transient dynamic response of functionally graded material （FGM） sandwich doubly curved shell with homogenous isotropic material core and functionally graded face sheet is analyzed using a new displacement field on the basis of Reddy＇s third-order shear theory for the first time. The equivalent material properties for the FGM face sheet are assumed to obey the rule of simple power law function in the thickness direction. Based on Reddy＇s theory of higher shear deformation, a new displacement field is developed by introducing the secant function into transverse displacement. Four coupled nonlinear differential equations are obtained by applying Hamilton＇s principle and Galerkin method. It is assumed that the FGM sandwich doubly curved shell is subjected to step loading, air-blast loading, triangular loading, and sinusoidal loading, respectively. On the basis of double-precision variable- coefficient ordinary differential equation solver, a new program code in FORTRAN software is developed to solve the nonlinear transient dynamics of the system. The influences of core thickness, volume fraction, core-to-face sheet thickness ratio, width-to-thickness ratio and blast type on the transient response of the shell are discussed in detail through numerical simulation.展开更多
The ability of power system to survive the transition from preloading state to the gradual increase in load and thereafter reach an acceptable operational condition is an indication of transient stability of the syste...The ability of power system to survive the transition from preloading state to the gradual increase in load and thereafter reach an acceptable operational condition is an indication of transient stability of the system. The study analyzed load shedding scheme through the use of empirical measurement tools and load-flow simulation techniques. It was geared towards determining effective load shedding strategies to reduce unnecessary overload in order to achieve dynamic stability of the electric power network in the Export Free Trade Zone, Calabar, Nigeria. From the tests and the measurements taken, it was observed that the real and reactive powers from the generator and the mechanical power from the turbine engine were stable when the load shedding controller was switched on, as compared to when it was off. The engine speed, the bus-bar frequency and the output voltage of the generator stabilized within a shorter time (about 8 seconds) when the controller was switched on than when it was on the off condition. Also, there were noticeable fluctuations in the speed of the remaining two generators. It became stable at about 12 seconds after the loss. The variations were 0.3 per cent of the nominal speed value. The excitation voltage fluctuated from 1.2 (pu) to 4.5 (pu) when the bus voltage dipped as a result of additional load. It then came down and stabilized at 1.8 (pu) after few swings. This confirmed that the stability of power system is much enhanced when load shedding controllers are effectively configured on the network.展开更多
The generalized ray method(GRM) has been successfully used to study the transient elastic wave transmitting in the beams,planar trusses,space frames and infinite layered media.In this letter,the GRM is extended to inv...The generalized ray method(GRM) has been successfully used to study the transient elastic wave transmitting in the beams,planar trusses,space frames and infinite layered media.In this letter,the GRM is extended to investigate the early short time transient responses of laminated composite cylindrical shells under impact load.By using the Laplace transformation and referring to the boundary conditions,the ray groups transmitting in the finite laminated cylindrical shells under the shock load are obtained and the transient response related to each ray group can be derived via FFT algorithm.From the numerical results,it is shown that the early short time transient accelerations of the laminated composite cylindrical shell under impact loads are very large.But the short time transient shear strain and displacement are very small.展开更多
Transient change of the operating parameters has a serious influence on the stability of liquid annular seals.Take the liquid annular seals as a research object,a numerical method based on six-degree-of-freedom(6DOF)t...Transient change of the operating parameters has a serious influence on the stability of liquid annular seals.Take the liquid annular seals as a research object,a numerical method based on six-degree-of-freedom(6DOF)to analyze the dynamic response of liquid annular seals under gravity impact load.The variations of the force of liquid seal and pressure as well as the axis trajectory in time history are investigated.The influence of different sealing clearance,different liquid viscosity and different rotor speed is also studied.The results show that the maximum sealing pressure and sealing force of gravity direction will increase greatly in a very short time and then reduce rapidly.When sealing clearance increases,the displacement response amplitudes of axis trajectory,the maximum sealing force of gravity direction and maximum sealing pressure also increase.When liquid viscosity increases,the displacement response amplitudes of axis trajectory,the maximum sealing force of gravity direction and maximum sealing pressure decrease.We also found that different rotor speed has almost no influence on the maximum sealing force of gravity direction and maximum sealing pressure.展开更多
In this paper, a practical method to establish Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind farm equivalent model for switching transient analysis is demonstrated. In order to verify this method, a 3.6MW equivalen...In this paper, a practical method to establish Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind farm equivalent model for switching transient analysis is demonstrated. In order to verify this method, a 3.6MW equivalent wind farm model is built. The steady state results and load switching results are verified with those of detailed models of four 0.9MW generators. Using this method, a model of 40MW wind farm, representing the capacity for a proposed South Carolina offshore wind farm is established. To study large wind farm switching transient impacts on a system, different switching operations such as cable energizing and three phase faults at different locations in wind farm are investigated and their impact on system are analysed. Finally, conclusions based on the switching cases are presented.展开更多
An example of Sandakan power grid problem is presented in this paper. Sandakan is a suburb in east coast of Sabah state of Malaysia. Stability problem occurs due to the increase in load demand, lack of generation sour...An example of Sandakan power grid problem is presented in this paper. Sandakan is a suburb in east coast of Sabah state of Malaysia. Stability problem occurs due to the increase in load demand, lack of generation sources and inadequate supply. The tripping disturbances occur frequently in the network which is contributing to voltage instability. In this paper dynamics stability of 33 kV power grid as related to Sandakan network is analyzed and simulated. The analysis is completed by modelling the network data in Power System Simulation for Engineering (PSS/E) software and simulate the transient stability of generator, exciter and governor during a three phase fault occurs on a far and close distance from a bus, and determine the critical clearing time as well as swing curve of rotor angle. The output values of electrical power, machine speed, rotor angle and bus voltage are observed.展开更多
The impact of large-scale grid-connected wind farms of Doubly-fed Induction Generator (DFIG) type on power system transient stability is elaborately discussed in this paper. In accordance with an equivalent generator/...The impact of large-scale grid-connected wind farms of Doubly-fed Induction Generator (DFIG) type on power system transient stability is elaborately discussed in this paper. In accordance with an equivalent generator/converter model, the comprehensive numerical simulations with multiple wind farms of DFIG type involved are carried out to reveal the impact of wind farm on dynamic behavior of existing interconnected power system. Different load models involving nonlinear load model and induction motor model are considered during simulations. Finally, some preliminary conclusions are summarized and discussed.展开更多
The research reported in this paper focuses on non-technical power loss reduction for power distribution systems. Such reduction of costs of energy not served (ENS.COST), is intelligently evaluated and optimized using...The research reported in this paper focuses on non-technical power loss reduction for power distribution systems. Such reduction of costs of energy not served (ENS.COST), is intelligently evaluated and optimized using a firefly algorithm, from where savings of 43.3% on energy not served are achieved.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of Chin(No.51078354)
文摘To study the influence of original defects on the dynamic stability of the columns under periodic transient loadings,the approximate solution method and the Fourier method of the stable periodic solution are adopted while considering the influence of original defects on columns.The dynamic stability of the columns under periodic transient loadings is analyzed theoretically.Through the study of different deflections,the dynamic instability of the columns is obtained by Maple software.The results of theoretical analysis show that the larger the original defects,the greater the unstable area,the stable solution amplitude of columns and the risk of instability caused by parametric resonance will be.The damping of columns is a vital factor in reducing dynamic instability at the same original defects.On the basis of the Mathieu-Hill equation,the relationship between the original defects and deflection is deduced,and the dynamic instability region of the columns under different original defects is obtained.Therefore,reducing the original defects of columns can further enhance the dynamic stability of the compressed columns in practical engineering.
文摘Aiming at the complex electromagnetic transient process of EMU passing by phase-separation with electric load in high-speed railway, mechanism of overvoltage caused by switching off, overvoltage caused by switching on and impact current is analyzed systematically in this article. π-type equivalent circuit of feeding section is put forward in the analysis of overvoltage mechanism. Overvoltage and overcurrent model of passing by phase-separation with electric load are also built. Correctness of mechanism was validated by simulation. In addition, the methods to solve the influence on substations, transformers and protection devices in this process are put forward, which provides a new idea on passing by phase-separation with electric load technology.
文摘An experimental study is performed to investigate the temperature response and distribution in a sector tilted pad thrust bearing during the transient periods such as the load on the bearing changed abruptly.Lots of thermocouples are placed on different position such as the pad surface,leading and trailing edge as well as the pad block,and then these thermocouples are used to measure the temperature variation during the transient period.The load on one pad and the displacement of the runner are measured with different sensors.The effects of a sudden load change on temperature at different position of the pads are analyzed according to the experimental data.The influence of different initial conditions and the different load increment on temperature variation at the pad surface and pad body are obtained,and temperature responses at leading edge and trailing edge under different conditions are tested.This experimental study shows a significant effect of load increment and initial condition on the temperature distribution of bearing pad interface under sudden load change conditions,and the measurement of real oil film temperature is difficult due to the large thermal inertia of pad surface.
基金The 111 Project under Grant No.B13024the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51378177+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University under Grant No.NCET-12-0843the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.106112014CDJZR200007
文摘The propagation of stress waves in a large-diameter pipe pile for low strain dynamic testing cannot be explained properly by traditional 1D wave theories. A new computational model is established to obtain a wave equation that can describe the dynamic response of a large-diameter thin-walled pipe pile to a transient point load during a low strain integrity test. An analytical solution in the time domain is deduced using the separation of variables and variation of constant methods. The validity of this new solution is verifi ed by an existing analytical solution under free boundary conditions. The results of this time domain solution are also compared with the results of a frequency domain solution and fi eld test data. The comparisons indicate that the new solution agrees well with the results of previous solutions. Parametric studies using the new solution with reference to a case study are also carried out. The results show that the mode number affects the accuracy of the dynamic response. A mode number greater than 10 is required to enable the calculated dynamic responses to be independent of the mode number. The dynamic response is also greatly affected by soil properties. The larger the side resistance, the smaller the displacement response and the smaller the refl ected velocity wave crest. The displacement increases as the stress waves propagate along the pile when the pile shaft is free. The incident waves of displacement and velocity responses of the pile are not the same among different points in the circumferential direction on the pile top. However, the arrival time and peak value of the pile tip refl ected waves are almost the same among different points on the pile top.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC) through Grant No.11472056Beijing Key Laboratory Open Research Project KF20171123202
文摘In this paper, the nonlinear transient dynamic response of functionally graded material （FGM） sandwich doubly curved shell with homogenous isotropic material core and functionally graded face sheet is analyzed using a new displacement field on the basis of Reddy＇s third-order shear theory for the first time. The equivalent material properties for the FGM face sheet are assumed to obey the rule of simple power law function in the thickness direction. Based on Reddy＇s theory of higher shear deformation, a new displacement field is developed by introducing the secant function into transverse displacement. Four coupled nonlinear differential equations are obtained by applying Hamilton＇s principle and Galerkin method. It is assumed that the FGM sandwich doubly curved shell is subjected to step loading, air-blast loading, triangular loading, and sinusoidal loading, respectively. On the basis of double-precision variable- coefficient ordinary differential equation solver, a new program code in FORTRAN software is developed to solve the nonlinear transient dynamics of the system. The influences of core thickness, volume fraction, core-to-face sheet thickness ratio, width-to-thickness ratio and blast type on the transient response of the shell are discussed in detail through numerical simulation.
文摘The ability of power system to survive the transition from preloading state to the gradual increase in load and thereafter reach an acceptable operational condition is an indication of transient stability of the system. The study analyzed load shedding scheme through the use of empirical measurement tools and load-flow simulation techniques. It was geared towards determining effective load shedding strategies to reduce unnecessary overload in order to achieve dynamic stability of the electric power network in the Export Free Trade Zone, Calabar, Nigeria. From the tests and the measurements taken, it was observed that the real and reactive powers from the generator and the mechanical power from the turbine engine were stable when the load shedding controller was switched on, as compared to when it was off. The engine speed, the bus-bar frequency and the output voltage of the generator stabilized within a shorter time (about 8 seconds) when the controller was switched on than when it was on the off condition. Also, there were noticeable fluctuations in the speed of the remaining two generators. It became stable at about 12 seconds after the loss. The variations were 0.3 per cent of the nominal speed value. The excitation voltage fluctuated from 1.2 (pu) to 4.5 (pu) when the bus voltage dipped as a result of additional load. It then came down and stabilized at 1.8 (pu) after few swings. This confirmed that the stability of power system is much enhanced when load shedding controllers are effectively configured on the network.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2011CB711102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10672017)
文摘The generalized ray method(GRM) has been successfully used to study the transient elastic wave transmitting in the beams,planar trusses,space frames and infinite layered media.In this letter,the GRM is extended to investigate the early short time transient responses of laminated composite cylindrical shells under impact load.By using the Laplace transformation and referring to the boundary conditions,the ray groups transmitting in the finite laminated cylindrical shells under the shock load are obtained and the transient response related to each ray group can be derived via FFT algorithm.From the numerical results,it is shown that the early short time transient accelerations of the laminated composite cylindrical shell under impact loads are very large.But the short time transient shear strain and displacement are very small.
基金Key projects of technological innovation and application development of Chongqing,China(Grant NO.cstc2018jszx-cyzd0729).
文摘Transient change of the operating parameters has a serious influence on the stability of liquid annular seals.Take the liquid annular seals as a research object,a numerical method based on six-degree-of-freedom(6DOF)to analyze the dynamic response of liquid annular seals under gravity impact load.The variations of the force of liquid seal and pressure as well as the axis trajectory in time history are investigated.The influence of different sealing clearance,different liquid viscosity and different rotor speed is also studied.The results show that the maximum sealing pressure and sealing force of gravity direction will increase greatly in a very short time and then reduce rapidly.When sealing clearance increases,the displacement response amplitudes of axis trajectory,the maximum sealing force of gravity direction and maximum sealing pressure also increase.When liquid viscosity increases,the displacement response amplitudes of axis trajectory,the maximum sealing force of gravity direction and maximum sealing pressure decrease.We also found that different rotor speed has almost no influence on the maximum sealing force of gravity direction and maximum sealing pressure.
文摘In this paper, a practical method to establish Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind farm equivalent model for switching transient analysis is demonstrated. In order to verify this method, a 3.6MW equivalent wind farm model is built. The steady state results and load switching results are verified with those of detailed models of four 0.9MW generators. Using this method, a model of 40MW wind farm, representing the capacity for a proposed South Carolina offshore wind farm is established. To study large wind farm switching transient impacts on a system, different switching operations such as cable energizing and three phase faults at different locations in wind farm are investigated and their impact on system are analysed. Finally, conclusions based on the switching cases are presented.
文摘An example of Sandakan power grid problem is presented in this paper. Sandakan is a suburb in east coast of Sabah state of Malaysia. Stability problem occurs due to the increase in load demand, lack of generation sources and inadequate supply. The tripping disturbances occur frequently in the network which is contributing to voltage instability. In this paper dynamics stability of 33 kV power grid as related to Sandakan network is analyzed and simulated. The analysis is completed by modelling the network data in Power System Simulation for Engineering (PSS/E) software and simulate the transient stability of generator, exciter and governor during a three phase fault occurs on a far and close distance from a bus, and determine the critical clearing time as well as swing curve of rotor angle. The output values of electrical power, machine speed, rotor angle and bus voltage are observed.
文摘The impact of large-scale grid-connected wind farms of Doubly-fed Induction Generator (DFIG) type on power system transient stability is elaborately discussed in this paper. In accordance with an equivalent generator/converter model, the comprehensive numerical simulations with multiple wind farms of DFIG type involved are carried out to reveal the impact of wind farm on dynamic behavior of existing interconnected power system. Different load models involving nonlinear load model and induction motor model are considered during simulations. Finally, some preliminary conclusions are summarized and discussed.
文摘The research reported in this paper focuses on non-technical power loss reduction for power distribution systems. Such reduction of costs of energy not served (ENS.COST), is intelligently evaluated and optimized using a firefly algorithm, from where savings of 43.3% on energy not served are achieved.
