Liver cancer is the fourth cause of cancer-related deaths and the primary cause of death in patients with compensated cirrhosis.In recent years,the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of liver cancer...Liver cancer is the fourth cause of cancer-related deaths and the primary cause of death in patients with compensated cirrhosis.In recent years,the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of liver cancer has attracted more and more attention and recognition.Luteolin(LUT)and glycyrrhetinic(GA)are natural compounds extracted from Chinese herbal medicine.LUT exhibits various biological activity including anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,antiviral,anti-tumor,and neuroprotective effects.GA significantly inhibits the growth and metastasis of cancer cells.However,the low water solubility of both compounds hinders their clinical applications.In this study,rod-shaped nanoparticles(NPs)self-assembled from LUT and GA were designed to enhance drug solubility and tumor-targeting capability.We verified that the assembly mechanism of the NPs was π-π stacking.These NPs significantly inhibited the proliferation of liver cancer cells while had no significant effect on normal liver cells.In a mouse model of liver cancer,these NPs demonstrated superior tumor-targeting ability due to the enhanced permeability and retention effect,and the affinity of GA for liver cancer cells,resulting in better therapeutic efficacy with lower systemic toxicity.Results of network pharmacology analysis showed that LUT and GA respectively targeted estrogen receptor 1(ESR1)protein and cyclin-dependent kinase 1(CDK1)protein to corporately induce tumor cell cycle arrest,which induced the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.In conclusion,this study provides a novel reference for the treatment of liver cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma ranks among the most prevalent malignant neoplasms.Surgical intervention constitutes a critical therapeutic approach for this condition.Nonetheless,postoperative recovery is frequen...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma ranks among the most prevalent malignant neoplasms.Surgical intervention constitutes a critical therapeutic approach for this condition.Nonetheless,postoperative recovery is frequently influenced by the patient's nutritional status and the quality of nursing care provided.AIM To examine the comprehensive impact of personalized nutritional support and nursing strategies on the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with liver cancer.METHODS In this study,a retrospective comparative analysis was conducted involving 60 post-operative liver cancer patients.The subjects were selected as subjects and divided into two groups based on differing nursing interventions,with each group comprising 30 patients.The control group received standard nutritional support and care,whereas the experimental group received individualized nutritional support and nursing strategies.The study aimed to evaluate the impact of individualized nutrition by comparing the rehabilitation indices,nutritional status,quality of life(QoL),and complication rates between the two groups.RESULTS The results showed that the recovery index of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group 2 weeks after surgery,and the average liver function recovery index of the experimental group was 85.significantly higher than that of the control group(73.67±7.19).In terms of nutritional status,the serum albumin level and body weight stabilization rate of the experimental group were also significantly higher than those of the control group,which were 42.33±2.4 g/L and 93.3%,respectively,compared with 36.01±3.85 g/L and 76.7%of the control group.In addition,the average QoL score of the experimental group was 84.66±3.7 points,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(70.92±4.28 points).At the psychological level,the average anxiety score of the experimental group was 1.17±0.29,and the average depression score was 1.47±0.4,which were significantly lower than the 2.26±0.42 and 2.57±0.45 of the control group.This showed that patients in the experimental group were better relieved of anxiety and depression under the individualized nutrition support and nursing strategy.More importantly,the complication rate in the experimental group was only 10%,much lower than the 33.3%in the control group.CONCLUSION Personalized nutritional support and tailored nursing strategies significantly enhance the postoperative rehabilitation of liver cancer patients.Consequently,it is recommended to implement and advocate for these individualized approaches to improve both the recovery outcomes and QoL for these patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing interventional therapy for liver cancer experience severe psychological pain and are prone to anxiety and depression.AIM To explore factors influencing anxiety and depression symptoms in...BACKGROUND Patients undergoing interventional therapy for liver cancer experience severe psychological pain and are prone to anxiety and depression.AIM To explore factors influencing anxiety and depression symptoms in 200 patients diagnosed with primary liver cancer.METHODS Data from 200 individuals diagnosed with primary liver cancer and admitted to the authors’hospital(January 2022 to January 2024)were divided into 2 groups according to psychological status:Normal(n=100);and anxiety and depression(n=100).Through a questionnaire survey of patients and their families,single and multifactor factors of anxiety and depression in the postoperative interven-tional treatment of patients with primary liver cancer were analyzed.RESULTS Univariate analysis revealed no statistical differences between the 2 groups in terms of chronic disease,sex,liver function,Child grade,and age(P>0.05).How-ever,there were statistical differences in payment method,disease cognition,number of interventional treatments,per capita income,and educational level(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that educational level,per capita income,disease cognition,payment method,and number of interven-tional treatments were all independent factors influencing postoperative anxiety and depression symptoms after interventional therapy in patients diagnosed with primary liver cancer,and the comparisons were statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Analysis of associated risk factors can strengthen the clinical screening of patients with liver cancer at high risk for postoperative anxiety and depression symptoms and improve their prognosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND The development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is influenced by multiple factors.Interventional therapy offers an effective treatment option for patients with unresectable intermediate-to-advanced HCC.Inte...BACKGROUND The development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is influenced by multiple factors.Interventional therapy offers an effective treatment option for patients with unresectable intermediate-to-advanced HCC.Interventional therapy can induce electrocardiographic(ECG)abnormalities that may be associated with liver dysfunction,electrolyte disorders,and cardiac injury.AIM To explore the ECG alterations and determinants following interventional therapy in patients with HCC.METHODS Sixty patients undergoing interventional treatment for liver cancer were selected as study participants.According to the results of the dynamic ECG examination 1 day after surgery,the patients were divided into an abnormal group(n=21)and a nonabnormal group(n=39).With the help of dynamic ECG examination,the ECG parameters were compared and the baseline data of patients was recorded in the two groups.RESULTS The 24 hours QT interval variability,24 hours normal atrial polarization to ventricular polarization(R-R)interval(standard deviation),24 hours consecutive 5 minutes normal R-R interval,and 24 hours continuous 5 minutes normal R-R interval(standard deviation mean)were lower than patients in the nonabnormal group(P<0.05).The logistic analysis showed that age>60 years,liver function grade B,and postoperative body temperature 38°C were risk factors for abnormal dynamic electrocardiogram in patients with liver cancer intervention(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Interventional therapy for HCC can lead to ECG abnormalities,underscoring the clinical need for enhanced cardiac monitoring to mitigate myocardial complications.展开更多
In this paper,the mechanism of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is introduced,and the process and principle of the experiment conducted by Huang et al is explained.We discussed the reliability of the conclusion that Calculu...In this paper,the mechanism of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is introduced,and the process and principle of the experiment conducted by Huang et al is explained.We discussed the reliability of the conclusion that Calculus bovis(C.bovis)inhibits M2 tumor-associated macrophage polarization via Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation to suppress liver cancer.We also offer suggestions for further studies of the use of C.bovis in the treatment of liver cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)is a key treatment approach for advanced invasive liver cancer(infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma).However,its therapeutic response can be difficult to evalu...BACKGROUND Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)is a key treatment approach for advanced invasive liver cancer(infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma).However,its therapeutic response can be difficult to evaluate accurately using conventional two-dimensional imaging criteria due to the tumor’s diffuse and multifocal growth pattern.Volumetric imaging,especially enhanced tumor volume(ETV),offers a more comprehensive assessment.Nonetheless,bias field inhomogeneity in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)poses challenges,potentially skewing volumetric measurements and undermining prognostic evaluation.AIM To investigate whether MRI bias field correction enhances the accuracy of volumetric assessment of infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma treated with TACE,and to analyze how this improved measurement impacts prognostic prediction.METHODS We retrospectively collected data from 105 patients with invasive liver cancer who underwent TACE treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2020 to January 2024.The improved N4 bias field correction algorithm was applied to process MRI images,and the ETV before and after treatment was calculated.The ETV measurements before and after correction were compared,and their relationship with patient prognosis was analyzed.A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate prognostic factors,with Martingale residual analysis determining the optimal cutoff value,followed by survival analysis.RESULTS Bias field correction significantly affected ETV measurements,with the corrected baseline ETV mean(505.235 cm^(3))being significantly lower than before correction(825.632 cm^(3),P<0.001).Cox analysis showed that the hazard ratio(HR)for corrected baseline ETV(HR=1.165,95%CI:1.069-1.268)was higher than before correction(HR=1.063,95%CI:1.031-1.095).Using 412 cm^(3) as the cutoff,the group with baseline ETV<415 cm^(3) had a longer median survival time compared to the≥415 cm^(3) group(18.523 months vs 8.926 months,P<0.001).The group with an ETV reduction rate≥41%had better prognosis than the<41%group(17.862 months vs 9.235 months,P=0.006).Multivariate analysis confirmed that ETV reduction rate(HR=0.412,P<0.001),Child-Pugh classification(HR=0.298,P<0.001),and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage(HR=0.578,P=0.045)were independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSION Volume imaging based on MRI bias field correction can improve the accuracy of evaluating the efficacy of TACE treatment for invasive liver cancer.The corrected ETV and its reduction rate can serve as independent indicators for predicting patient prognosis,providing important reference for developing individualized treatment strategies.展开更多
In this article,we comment on the work published by Huang et al,which explores the mechanisms by which Calculus bovis(CB)modulates the liver cancer immune microenvironment via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.The...In this article,we comment on the work published by Huang et al,which explores the mechanisms by which Calculus bovis(CB)modulates the liver cancer immune microenvironment via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.The study demon-strates that active components in CB effectively inhibit the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,significantly reducing the polarization of M2 tumor-associated macrophages.Both in vivo and in vitro experiments have validated the anti-tumour effects of CB,revealing its complex mechanisms of action through the modulation of immune cell functions within the tumour microenvironment.This article highlights CB’s therapeutic potential in liver cancer treatment and calls for further investigations into its mechanisms and clinical applications to develop safer,more effective options for patients.The study also revealed that key com-ponents of CB,such as bilirubin and bile acids,inhibit tumour cell proliferation and promote apoptosis through multiple pathways.Future research should explore the mechanisms of action of CB and its potential integration with existing treatments to improve the therapeutic outcomes of liver cancer patients.With multidisciplinary collaboration and advanced research,CB could become a key component of comprehensive liver cancer treatment,offering new hope for patients.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally,and effective treatments are urgently needed.The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Calculus Bovis(CB)on...Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally,and effective treatments are urgently needed.The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Calculus Bovis(CB)on liver cancer and the underlying mechanisms.CB inhibited M2 tumor-associated macrophage polarization and modulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,thereby suppressing the proliferation of liver cancer cells.The inhibitory effect on liver cancer growth was confirmed by both in vivo and in vitro experiments(detailed by Huang et al).The present study provides a theoretical basis for the application of CB for the treatment of liver cancer,providing new avenues for liver cancer treatment.展开更多
Liver cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide,with hepatocellular carcinoma representing its most prevalent form.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the key factors d...Liver cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide,with hepatocellular carcinoma representing its most prevalent form.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the key factors driving the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma,with a particular emphasis on immune-related mechanisms.Furthermore,we delve into the emerging roles of galectins,particularly galectin-1 and galectin-3,in hepatocellular carcinoma pathobiology,underscoring their potential utility as biomarkers for assessing disease severity and progression.These insights contribute to a better understan-ding of the molecular and immunological underpinnings of hepatocellular carcinoma,paving the way for more targeted therapeutic strategies.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The increasing morbidity of liver cancer has led to a growing demand for transplantation. Split liver transplantation(SLT) is a promising way to ameliorate organ shortages. However, the safety and efficacy...BACKGROUND: The increasing morbidity of liver cancer has led to a growing demand for transplantation. Split liver transplantation(SLT) is a promising way to ameliorate organ shortages. However, the safety and efficacy of SLT are still controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical outcome of SLT in liver cancer patients at our center. METHODS: A total of 74 patients who received liver transplantation at a tertiary hospital from March 2019 to July 2023 were retrospectively studied, of whom 37 recipients underwent SLT and 37 recipients underwent whole-graft liver transplantation(WGLT). Clinical data were analyzed and compared between patients who underwent SLT and WGLT.RESULTS: SLT and WGLT were successfully performed, with no intraoperative transplantrelated mortality. Postoperatively, no significant differences in total bilirubin(TB, P=0.266), alanine transaminase(ALT, P=0.403) and aspartate transaminase(AST, P=0.160) levels within 30 d were detected between the two groups. The transplant-related mortality rates were 8.1% in the SLT group and 5.4% in the WGLT group within 30 d of surgery(P=1.000), and 10.8% and 8.1%, respectively, at 90 d after surgery(P=1.000). There were no significant differences in overall survival(OS) and progress-free survival(PFS) between the SLT and WGLT groups(P=0.910, P=0.190). CONCLUSION: Our results show that SLT does not imply additional risks in treating liver cancer compared with WGLT.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs),crucial components of the tumor microenvironment in primary and metastatic tumors,can impact the activity of cancer cells and contribute to their progression.Given their ...BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs),crucial components of the tumor microenvironment in primary and metastatic tumors,can impact the activity of cancer cells and contribute to their progression.Given their extensive interactions with cancer cells and other stromal cells,we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of CAFs in patients with liver cancer(LC).AIM To investigate the association between CAF expression and clinicopathological characteristics as well as overall survival(OS)in patients with LC,including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA).METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of cohort studies with available data on the effects of CAF expression on both clinicopathological characteristics and OS via hazard ratios(HRs)and risk ratios with 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Studies were subgrouped on the basis of CAF markers and cancer type,and the subgroup effects of CAF expression on both HCC and iCCA were analyzed through meta-regression.The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the included studies to guarantee their quality and minimize the possibility of bias.RESULTS Nine trials were selected and included a total of 1518 patients.According to our primary meta-analysis,the expression of CAFs in LC patients was significantly associated with a decrease in OS(LC:HR:1.62;95%CI:1.34-1.97;P<0.001;HCC:HR:1.67;95%CI:1.34-2.07;P<0.001;iCCA:HR:1.47;95%CI:0.97-2.23;P=0.07);nevertheless,it was not significantly associated with almost all clinicopathologic characteristics,including tumor size,venous infiltration,alpha-fetoprotein level,and differentiation grade.According to the subgroup analysis of smooth muscle actin(SMA)markers in both HCC patients and iCCA patients,high CAF expression in HCC(HR:2.29;95%CI:1.01-5.22;P=0.048)and iCCA(HR:2.04;95%CI:1.09-3.81;P=0.025)patients was a significant indicator of poor OS.Moreover,the clinicopathological characteristics were also verified by the SMA marker,which had a nearly significant effect on the venous infiltration of iCCA(risk ratio:2.70;95%CI:0.97-7.49;P=0.057).CONCLUSION High CAF expression,evaluated by both mixed markers and SMAs,is significantly associated with poor OS in patients with LC,including both HCC patients and iCCA patients.However,further research is necessary since how CAF expression and clinicopathologic features are related is yet unknown.展开更多
BACKGROUND Many studies have found that sarcopenia is related to the survival of patients with liver cancer,which may lead to worse prognosis.AIM To investigate the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and progno...BACKGROUND Many studies have found that sarcopenia is related to the survival of patients with liver cancer,which may lead to worse prognosis.AIM To investigate the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and prognosis in patients with liver cancer receiving targeted therapy by meta-analysis.METHODS PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science were searched for clinical studies on the relationship between skeletal muscle index(SMI)and the prognosis of patients with liver cancer receiving targeted therapy from inception to March 1,2022.Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis of the data were performed using Stata 16.0 software.RESULTS A total of 6877 studies were searched,and finally 12 articles with 1715 cases were included.Meta-analysis result of 8 articles showed that compared with non-low SMI group,the overall survival(OS)of patients with liver cancer in the low SMI group was significantly shorter(hazard ratio=1.60,95%confidence interval:1.44-1.77,P=0.000).Meta-analysis result of 4 articles showed that,compared with low SMI group,patients in the nonlow SMI group had longer OS(hazard ratio=0.59,95%confidence interval:0.38-0.91,P=0.018).CONCLUSION Skeletal muscle mass is positively correlated with OS in patients with liver cancer receiving targeted therapy.展开更多
Objective: This study aims to quantify the potential impact of controlling major risk factors on liver cancer deaths in China from 2021 to 2050 under various intervention scenarios.Methods: We developed a macro-level ...Objective: This study aims to quantify the potential impact of controlling major risk factors on liver cancer deaths in China from 2021 to 2050 under various intervention scenarios.Methods: We developed a macro-level simulation model based on comparative risk assessment to estimate population attributable fractions and avoidable liver cancer deaths. Risk factor prevalence data were obtained from national surveys and epidemiological estimates. Three intervention scenarios for each risk factor were projected:elimination(Scenario 1), ambitious reduction(Scenario 2), and manageable targets aligned with national/global goals(Scenario 3). The impact of secondary prevention through liver cancer screening at different coverage was evaluated.Results: Between 2021 and 2050, liver cancer deaths in China are projected to reach 9.44 million in males and4.29 million in females. Eliminating hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus could prevent 65.62%(57.47%-73.77%)and 28.47%(24.93%-32.00%) of liver cancer deaths, respectively. Achieving manageable targets in reducing the prevalence of smoking and alcohol drinking could prevent 6.57%(5.75%-7.38%) and 0.85%(0.75%-0.96%) of liver cancer deaths, with a more pronounced effect observed in males. Eliminating high body mass index(BMI)could avert 45,000 male and 25,000 female deaths annually by 2050, while diabetes elimination could prevent60,000 male and 21,000 female deaths. Secondary prevention through liver cancer screening with 80% coverage could reduce liver cancer deaths by 3.59%(3.14%-4.04%) for the total population. Combining all interventions under Scenario 1 could prevent up to 88.39%(76.65%-99.81%) of male and 77.80%(67.42%-87.88%) of female liver cancer deaths by 2050.Conclusions: Comprehensive risk factor control could prevent over 80% of liver cancer deaths in China by2050. Secondary prevention through screening may offer modest additional benefits. These findings provide strong quantitative support for targeted, evidence-based interventions and underscore the need for policy action to address key risk factors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Older patients with liver cancer often experience impaired pulmonary function post-surgery,increasing complications and recovery challenges.AIM To investigate the effects of evidence-based stratified manage...BACKGROUND Older patients with liver cancer often experience impaired pulmonary function post-surgery,increasing complications and recovery challenges.AIM To investigate the effects of evidence-based stratified management and stepwise training in the perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation of older patients with liver cancer,providing a basis for clinical application.METHODS In total,120 older patients with liver cancer who underwent surgery at our hospital between February 2023 and February 2025 were selected and randomly divided into study and control groups,with 60 patients in each group.All the patients underwent radical hepatectomy.Postoperatively,the control group received routine nursing management and rehabilitation training,while the study group received evidence-based stratified management combined with stepwise training for a continuous intervention period of one week.Time to first ambulation,length of hospital stays,and average hospitalization costs were recorded.Oxygen saturation(SPO_(2))was measured on postoperative day 1 and day 3.The 6-minute walk distance and Borg scale scores were assessed on postoperative day 1 and day 7,respectively.The postoperative complication rates were recorded.RESULTS The study group had a significantly shorter time to first ambulation,shorter hospital stays,and lower average hospitalization costs than the control group(P<0.05).On postoperative day 1,there was no significant difference in SPO_(2)between the groups(P>0.05);however,on postoperative day 3,the study group had significantly higher SPO_(2)(P<0.05).On postoperative day 7,the study group showed a significantly longer 6-minute walk distance and lower Borg scores than the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications in the study group was 3.33%,which was significantly lower than that in the control group(13.33%;P<0.05).CONCLUSION Implementing evidence-based stratified management combined with stepwise training in the perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation of older patients with liver cancer is improves lung function,reduces complications,and promotes effective recovery,demonstrating significant clinical value.展开更多
Liver cancer presents unique challenges due to its systemic impact and complex treatment modalities.Patients often experience a range of complications,including cardiovascular,renal,hematological,and metabolic abnorma...Liver cancer presents unique challenges due to its systemic impact and complex treatment modalities.Patients often experience a range of complications,including cardiovascular,renal,hematological,and metabolic abnormalities,which can significantly affect treatment outcomes and quality of life.This article emphasizes the integration of multidisciplinary strategies and artificial intelligence-driven diagnostics,which have the potential to improve patient outcomes by optimizing early detection and targeted management of these complications.A recent study on 60 liver cancer patients undergoing interventional therapy highlighted the importance of recognizing and managing these complications.This article offers an overview of systemic complications in liver cancer,focusing on pathophysiological mechanisms,risk factors,and strategies to improve care.By addressing gaps in the existing literature and proposing future research directions,it underscores the importance of comprehensive,patient-centered approaches to refine therapeutic strategies.展开更多
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been steadily rising,und-erscoring the need for a clear,stage-specific treatment approach.The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)staging system remains the most widely...The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been steadily rising,und-erscoring the need for a clear,stage-specific treatment approach.The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)staging system remains the most widely used frame-work for classifying HCC and guiding therapy.Among its classifications,the intermediate stage(BCLC-B)encompasses a highly heterogeneous patient popu-lation,with varying degrees of tumor burden and liver function.Traditionally,transarterial chemoembolization has been the standard treatment for this stage,based on earlier evidence.However,recent studies suggest that a subset of BCLC-B patients-particularly those with localized disease-may benefit more from liver resection.This review summarizes current treatment paradigms for BCLC-B HCC,explores emerging subclassifications within this group,and highlights evolving guidelines that support the selective use of surgery in appropriately chosen patients.展开更多
Liver cancer is a major killer threatening human health worldwide.At this stage the clinical choice to the treatment of liver cancer is a combination of surgery,chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Alternatively,using hydrog...Liver cancer is a major killer threatening human health worldwide.At this stage the clinical choice to the treatment of liver cancer is a combination of surgery,chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Alternatively,using hydrogen to treat cancer has great prospects and development space.Herein,we fabricated a hierarchical and flexible electrode that being able to continuously generate hydrogen in vivo in the deep abdominal liver through efficient water electrolysis to kill tumor cells and regulate the tumor microenvironment.The flexibility of the electrode facilitated to fit the tumor surface and thus improved the contact area of hydrogen therapy.By in situ growth of molybdenum disulfide on a hierarchical carbon skeleton,improved reaction kinetics and smaller impedance with a low overpotential of 1.02 V at-10 m A/cm^(2)in cell culture medium and Tafel slope of 73 m V/dec were achieved.Animal experiments showed that the electrode could effectively inhibit the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in nude mice by efficient H_(2)-production in vivo.The apoptosis rate of cancer cells reached 81.8%,and the proliferation rate decreased to 3.39%.Moreover,this treatment does not affect the growth of normal hepatocytes according to the results of cell experiments.This study demonstrated that the in vivo hydrogen production by our flexible electrode is a safe and effective treatment for liver cancer,with the advantages of minimal invasiveness,simple operation,low side effects and low cost.展开更多
BACKGROUND Surgical treatment for primary liver cancer can effectively reduce infection risks.Accurate prediction is crucial for timely intervention,particularly to reduce the risk of infection.AIM To explore the pred...BACKGROUND Surgical treatment for primary liver cancer can effectively reduce infection risks.Accurate prediction is crucial for timely intervention,particularly to reduce the risk of infection.AIM To explore the predictive and prognostic value of the nutritional risk index(NRI)in hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related liver cancer.METHODS Ninety-six patients with HBV-related primary liver cancer who underwent surgery at our hospital between May 2022 and May 2024 were included.Patients were classified into infection and non-infection groups,and the NRI was compared.The infection group was further divided into mild and severe infection groups and then into survival and deceased groups,and the NRI was compared.Postoperative follow-up lasted 6 months.The predictive value of NRI for surgical site infections(SSIs),severity of infections,and prognostic assessment was analyzed.RESULTS Compared with patients with mild infection,those with severe infections had a significantly lower NRI(P<0.05).Compared with patients with mild infections,those with severe infections had a significantly higher NRI(P<0.05).The NRI was significantly lower in the good prognosis group than in the poor prognosis group(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve for NRI in predicting SSIs,infection severity,and patient prognosis were 0.984,0.986,and 0.949,respectively.CONCLUSION The NRI can accurately predict postoperative SSIs in patients with HBV-related primary liver cancer and plays a role in predicting the severity of infections and in prognostic assessment.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a leading cause of cancer mortality,faces diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its histopathological complexity and clinical heterogeneity.Pathomics,an emerging discipline that in...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a leading cause of cancer mortality,faces diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its histopathological complexity and clinical heterogeneity.Pathomics,an emerging discipline that integrates artificial intelligence(AI)with quantitative pathology image analysis,aims to decode disease heterogeneity by extracting high-dimensional features from histopathological specimens.This review highlights how AI-driven pathomics has revolutionized liver cancer management through automated analysis of whole-slide images.Pathomics integrates deep learning with histopathological features to enable precise tumour classification(e.g.,HCC vs cholangiocarcinoma),microvascular invasion(MVI)detection,recurrence risk stratification,and survival prediction.Advanced frameworks such as MVI-AI diagnostic model and CHOWDER demonstrate high accuracy in identifying prognostic biomarkers,whereas multiomics integration links morphometric patterns to molecular signatures(e.g.,EZH2 expression and immune infiltration).Despite these breakthroughs,critical bottlenecks persist,including limited multicentre validation studies,"black box"model interpretability,and clinical workflow integration.Future studies should emphasize AI-enhanced multimodal fusion(radiogenomics and liquid biopsy)and standardized platforms to bridge computational pathology and precision oncology,ultimately improving personalized therapeutic strategies for liver malignancies.This synthesis aims to guide research translation and advance personalized therapeutic strategies for liver malignancies.展开更多
A recent study by Zhang et al developed a neural network-based predictive model for estimating doses to the uninvolved liver during stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT)in liver cancer.The study reported a signifi...A recent study by Zhang et al developed a neural network-based predictive model for estimating doses to the uninvolved liver during stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT)in liver cancer.The study reported a significant advancement in personalized radiotherapy by improving accuracy and reducing treatment-related toxicity.The model demonstrated strong predictive performance with R-values above 0.8,indicating its potential to improve treatment consistency.However,concerns arise from the small sample size and exclusion criteria,which may limit generalizability.Future studies should incorporate larger,more diverse patient cohorts,explore potential confounding factors such as tumor characteristics and delivery technique variability,and address the long-term effects of SBRT.展开更多
基金the financial support from Henan Province Natural Science Foundation(No.252300420583)Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project(Nos.242102310455,242102310473,242102310517)the Key Project of Science and Technology Research funded by the Henan Provincial Department of Education(No.24A350002)。
文摘Liver cancer is the fourth cause of cancer-related deaths and the primary cause of death in patients with compensated cirrhosis.In recent years,the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of liver cancer has attracted more and more attention and recognition.Luteolin(LUT)and glycyrrhetinic(GA)are natural compounds extracted from Chinese herbal medicine.LUT exhibits various biological activity including anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,antiviral,anti-tumor,and neuroprotective effects.GA significantly inhibits the growth and metastasis of cancer cells.However,the low water solubility of both compounds hinders their clinical applications.In this study,rod-shaped nanoparticles(NPs)self-assembled from LUT and GA were designed to enhance drug solubility and tumor-targeting capability.We verified that the assembly mechanism of the NPs was π-π stacking.These NPs significantly inhibited the proliferation of liver cancer cells while had no significant effect on normal liver cells.In a mouse model of liver cancer,these NPs demonstrated superior tumor-targeting ability due to the enhanced permeability and retention effect,and the affinity of GA for liver cancer cells,resulting in better therapeutic efficacy with lower systemic toxicity.Results of network pharmacology analysis showed that LUT and GA respectively targeted estrogen receptor 1(ESR1)protein and cyclin-dependent kinase 1(CDK1)protein to corporately induce tumor cell cycle arrest,which induced the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.In conclusion,this study provides a novel reference for the treatment of liver cancer.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma ranks among the most prevalent malignant neoplasms.Surgical intervention constitutes a critical therapeutic approach for this condition.Nonetheless,postoperative recovery is frequently influenced by the patient's nutritional status and the quality of nursing care provided.AIM To examine the comprehensive impact of personalized nutritional support and nursing strategies on the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with liver cancer.METHODS In this study,a retrospective comparative analysis was conducted involving 60 post-operative liver cancer patients.The subjects were selected as subjects and divided into two groups based on differing nursing interventions,with each group comprising 30 patients.The control group received standard nutritional support and care,whereas the experimental group received individualized nutritional support and nursing strategies.The study aimed to evaluate the impact of individualized nutrition by comparing the rehabilitation indices,nutritional status,quality of life(QoL),and complication rates between the two groups.RESULTS The results showed that the recovery index of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group 2 weeks after surgery,and the average liver function recovery index of the experimental group was 85.significantly higher than that of the control group(73.67±7.19).In terms of nutritional status,the serum albumin level and body weight stabilization rate of the experimental group were also significantly higher than those of the control group,which were 42.33±2.4 g/L and 93.3%,respectively,compared with 36.01±3.85 g/L and 76.7%of the control group.In addition,the average QoL score of the experimental group was 84.66±3.7 points,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(70.92±4.28 points).At the psychological level,the average anxiety score of the experimental group was 1.17±0.29,and the average depression score was 1.47±0.4,which were significantly lower than the 2.26±0.42 and 2.57±0.45 of the control group.This showed that patients in the experimental group were better relieved of anxiety and depression under the individualized nutrition support and nursing strategy.More importantly,the complication rate in the experimental group was only 10%,much lower than the 33.3%in the control group.CONCLUSION Personalized nutritional support and tailored nursing strategies significantly enhance the postoperative rehabilitation of liver cancer patients.Consequently,it is recommended to implement and advocate for these individualized approaches to improve both the recovery outcomes and QoL for these patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients undergoing interventional therapy for liver cancer experience severe psychological pain and are prone to anxiety and depression.AIM To explore factors influencing anxiety and depression symptoms in 200 patients diagnosed with primary liver cancer.METHODS Data from 200 individuals diagnosed with primary liver cancer and admitted to the authors’hospital(January 2022 to January 2024)were divided into 2 groups according to psychological status:Normal(n=100);and anxiety and depression(n=100).Through a questionnaire survey of patients and their families,single and multifactor factors of anxiety and depression in the postoperative interven-tional treatment of patients with primary liver cancer were analyzed.RESULTS Univariate analysis revealed no statistical differences between the 2 groups in terms of chronic disease,sex,liver function,Child grade,and age(P>0.05).How-ever,there were statistical differences in payment method,disease cognition,number of interventional treatments,per capita income,and educational level(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that educational level,per capita income,disease cognition,payment method,and number of interven-tional treatments were all independent factors influencing postoperative anxiety and depression symptoms after interventional therapy in patients diagnosed with primary liver cancer,and the comparisons were statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Analysis of associated risk factors can strengthen the clinical screening of patients with liver cancer at high risk for postoperative anxiety and depression symptoms and improve their prognosis.
文摘BACKGROUND The development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is influenced by multiple factors.Interventional therapy offers an effective treatment option for patients with unresectable intermediate-to-advanced HCC.Interventional therapy can induce electrocardiographic(ECG)abnormalities that may be associated with liver dysfunction,electrolyte disorders,and cardiac injury.AIM To explore the ECG alterations and determinants following interventional therapy in patients with HCC.METHODS Sixty patients undergoing interventional treatment for liver cancer were selected as study participants.According to the results of the dynamic ECG examination 1 day after surgery,the patients were divided into an abnormal group(n=21)and a nonabnormal group(n=39).With the help of dynamic ECG examination,the ECG parameters were compared and the baseline data of patients was recorded in the two groups.RESULTS The 24 hours QT interval variability,24 hours normal atrial polarization to ventricular polarization(R-R)interval(standard deviation),24 hours consecutive 5 minutes normal R-R interval,and 24 hours continuous 5 minutes normal R-R interval(standard deviation mean)were lower than patients in the nonabnormal group(P<0.05).The logistic analysis showed that age>60 years,liver function grade B,and postoperative body temperature 38°C were risk factors for abnormal dynamic electrocardiogram in patients with liver cancer intervention(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Interventional therapy for HCC can lead to ECG abnormalities,underscoring the clinical need for enhanced cardiac monitoring to mitigate myocardial complications.
文摘In this paper,the mechanism of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is introduced,and the process and principle of the experiment conducted by Huang et al is explained.We discussed the reliability of the conclusion that Calculus bovis(C.bovis)inhibits M2 tumor-associated macrophage polarization via Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation to suppress liver cancer.We also offer suggestions for further studies of the use of C.bovis in the treatment of liver cancer.
文摘BACKGROUND Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)is a key treatment approach for advanced invasive liver cancer(infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma).However,its therapeutic response can be difficult to evaluate accurately using conventional two-dimensional imaging criteria due to the tumor’s diffuse and multifocal growth pattern.Volumetric imaging,especially enhanced tumor volume(ETV),offers a more comprehensive assessment.Nonetheless,bias field inhomogeneity in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)poses challenges,potentially skewing volumetric measurements and undermining prognostic evaluation.AIM To investigate whether MRI bias field correction enhances the accuracy of volumetric assessment of infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma treated with TACE,and to analyze how this improved measurement impacts prognostic prediction.METHODS We retrospectively collected data from 105 patients with invasive liver cancer who underwent TACE treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2020 to January 2024.The improved N4 bias field correction algorithm was applied to process MRI images,and the ETV before and after treatment was calculated.The ETV measurements before and after correction were compared,and their relationship with patient prognosis was analyzed.A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate prognostic factors,with Martingale residual analysis determining the optimal cutoff value,followed by survival analysis.RESULTS Bias field correction significantly affected ETV measurements,with the corrected baseline ETV mean(505.235 cm^(3))being significantly lower than before correction(825.632 cm^(3),P<0.001).Cox analysis showed that the hazard ratio(HR)for corrected baseline ETV(HR=1.165,95%CI:1.069-1.268)was higher than before correction(HR=1.063,95%CI:1.031-1.095).Using 412 cm^(3) as the cutoff,the group with baseline ETV<415 cm^(3) had a longer median survival time compared to the≥415 cm^(3) group(18.523 months vs 8.926 months,P<0.001).The group with an ETV reduction rate≥41%had better prognosis than the<41%group(17.862 months vs 9.235 months,P=0.006).Multivariate analysis confirmed that ETV reduction rate(HR=0.412,P<0.001),Child-Pugh classification(HR=0.298,P<0.001),and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage(HR=0.578,P=0.045)were independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSION Volume imaging based on MRI bias field correction can improve the accuracy of evaluating the efficacy of TACE treatment for invasive liver cancer.The corrected ETV and its reduction rate can serve as independent indicators for predicting patient prognosis,providing important reference for developing individualized treatment strategies.
文摘In this article,we comment on the work published by Huang et al,which explores the mechanisms by which Calculus bovis(CB)modulates the liver cancer immune microenvironment via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.The study demon-strates that active components in CB effectively inhibit the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,significantly reducing the polarization of M2 tumor-associated macrophages.Both in vivo and in vitro experiments have validated the anti-tumour effects of CB,revealing its complex mechanisms of action through the modulation of immune cell functions within the tumour microenvironment.This article highlights CB’s therapeutic potential in liver cancer treatment and calls for further investigations into its mechanisms and clinical applications to develop safer,more effective options for patients.The study also revealed that key com-ponents of CB,such as bilirubin and bile acids,inhibit tumour cell proliferation and promote apoptosis through multiple pathways.Future research should explore the mechanisms of action of CB and its potential integration with existing treatments to improve the therapeutic outcomes of liver cancer patients.With multidisciplinary collaboration and advanced research,CB could become a key component of comprehensive liver cancer treatment,offering new hope for patients.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally,and effective treatments are urgently needed.The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Calculus Bovis(CB)on liver cancer and the underlying mechanisms.CB inhibited M2 tumor-associated macrophage polarization and modulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,thereby suppressing the proliferation of liver cancer cells.The inhibitory effect on liver cancer growth was confirmed by both in vivo and in vitro experiments(detailed by Huang et al).The present study provides a theoretical basis for the application of CB for the treatment of liver cancer,providing new avenues for liver cancer treatment.
文摘Liver cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide,with hepatocellular carcinoma representing its most prevalent form.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the key factors driving the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma,with a particular emphasis on immune-related mechanisms.Furthermore,we delve into the emerging roles of galectins,particularly galectin-1 and galectin-3,in hepatocellular carcinoma pathobiology,underscoring their potential utility as biomarkers for assessing disease severity and progression.These insights contribute to a better understan-ding of the molecular and immunological underpinnings of hepatocellular carcinoma,paving the way for more targeted therapeutic strategies.
基金Key Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Plan of Zhejiang Province (GZY-ZJ-KJ-24077)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U23A202181, 8207101520, 82272860)+2 种基金Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Zhejiang Province (2023ZY1017)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 226-2023-00038)Special Financial Support for Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Teams。
文摘BACKGROUND: The increasing morbidity of liver cancer has led to a growing demand for transplantation. Split liver transplantation(SLT) is a promising way to ameliorate organ shortages. However, the safety and efficacy of SLT are still controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical outcome of SLT in liver cancer patients at our center. METHODS: A total of 74 patients who received liver transplantation at a tertiary hospital from March 2019 to July 2023 were retrospectively studied, of whom 37 recipients underwent SLT and 37 recipients underwent whole-graft liver transplantation(WGLT). Clinical data were analyzed and compared between patients who underwent SLT and WGLT.RESULTS: SLT and WGLT were successfully performed, with no intraoperative transplantrelated mortality. Postoperatively, no significant differences in total bilirubin(TB, P=0.266), alanine transaminase(ALT, P=0.403) and aspartate transaminase(AST, P=0.160) levels within 30 d were detected between the two groups. The transplant-related mortality rates were 8.1% in the SLT group and 5.4% in the WGLT group within 30 d of surgery(P=1.000), and 10.8% and 8.1%, respectively, at 90 d after surgery(P=1.000). There were no significant differences in overall survival(OS) and progress-free survival(PFS) between the SLT and WGLT groups(P=0.910, P=0.190). CONCLUSION: Our results show that SLT does not imply additional risks in treating liver cancer compared with WGLT.
基金Supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program,No.2024NSFSC1936.
文摘BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs),crucial components of the tumor microenvironment in primary and metastatic tumors,can impact the activity of cancer cells and contribute to their progression.Given their extensive interactions with cancer cells and other stromal cells,we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of CAFs in patients with liver cancer(LC).AIM To investigate the association between CAF expression and clinicopathological characteristics as well as overall survival(OS)in patients with LC,including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA).METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of cohort studies with available data on the effects of CAF expression on both clinicopathological characteristics and OS via hazard ratios(HRs)and risk ratios with 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Studies were subgrouped on the basis of CAF markers and cancer type,and the subgroup effects of CAF expression on both HCC and iCCA were analyzed through meta-regression.The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the included studies to guarantee their quality and minimize the possibility of bias.RESULTS Nine trials were selected and included a total of 1518 patients.According to our primary meta-analysis,the expression of CAFs in LC patients was significantly associated with a decrease in OS(LC:HR:1.62;95%CI:1.34-1.97;P<0.001;HCC:HR:1.67;95%CI:1.34-2.07;P<0.001;iCCA:HR:1.47;95%CI:0.97-2.23;P=0.07);nevertheless,it was not significantly associated with almost all clinicopathologic characteristics,including tumor size,venous infiltration,alpha-fetoprotein level,and differentiation grade.According to the subgroup analysis of smooth muscle actin(SMA)markers in both HCC patients and iCCA patients,high CAF expression in HCC(HR:2.29;95%CI:1.01-5.22;P=0.048)and iCCA(HR:2.04;95%CI:1.09-3.81;P=0.025)patients was a significant indicator of poor OS.Moreover,the clinicopathological characteristics were also verified by the SMA marker,which had a nearly significant effect on the venous infiltration of iCCA(risk ratio:2.70;95%CI:0.97-7.49;P=0.057).CONCLUSION High CAF expression,evaluated by both mixed markers and SMAs,is significantly associated with poor OS in patients with LC,including both HCC patients and iCCA patients.However,further research is necessary since how CAF expression and clinicopathologic features are related is yet unknown.
基金Supported by Chongqing Young and Middle-aged Medical High-end Talents,No.YXGD202405Chongqing District and County Head Goose Talents,Chongqing Science and Technology and Health Joint Scientific Research Project on Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.2024ZYYB036Chongqing Banan District Science and Technology and Health Joint Scientific Research Project on Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.BNWJ202300112.
文摘BACKGROUND Many studies have found that sarcopenia is related to the survival of patients with liver cancer,which may lead to worse prognosis.AIM To investigate the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and prognosis in patients with liver cancer receiving targeted therapy by meta-analysis.METHODS PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science were searched for clinical studies on the relationship between skeletal muscle index(SMI)and the prognosis of patients with liver cancer receiving targeted therapy from inception to March 1,2022.Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis of the data were performed using Stata 16.0 software.RESULTS A total of 6877 studies were searched,and finally 12 articles with 1715 cases were included.Meta-analysis result of 8 articles showed that compared with non-low SMI group,the overall survival(OS)of patients with liver cancer in the low SMI group was significantly shorter(hazard ratio=1.60,95%confidence interval:1.44-1.77,P=0.000).Meta-analysis result of 4 articles showed that,compared with low SMI group,patients in the nonlow SMI group had longer OS(hazard ratio=0.59,95%confidence interval:0.38-0.91,P=0.018).CONCLUSION Skeletal muscle mass is positively correlated with OS in patients with liver cancer receiving targeted therapy.
基金supported by the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (No. 2024-1G-4023)。
文摘Objective: This study aims to quantify the potential impact of controlling major risk factors on liver cancer deaths in China from 2021 to 2050 under various intervention scenarios.Methods: We developed a macro-level simulation model based on comparative risk assessment to estimate population attributable fractions and avoidable liver cancer deaths. Risk factor prevalence data were obtained from national surveys and epidemiological estimates. Three intervention scenarios for each risk factor were projected:elimination(Scenario 1), ambitious reduction(Scenario 2), and manageable targets aligned with national/global goals(Scenario 3). The impact of secondary prevention through liver cancer screening at different coverage was evaluated.Results: Between 2021 and 2050, liver cancer deaths in China are projected to reach 9.44 million in males and4.29 million in females. Eliminating hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus could prevent 65.62%(57.47%-73.77%)and 28.47%(24.93%-32.00%) of liver cancer deaths, respectively. Achieving manageable targets in reducing the prevalence of smoking and alcohol drinking could prevent 6.57%(5.75%-7.38%) and 0.85%(0.75%-0.96%) of liver cancer deaths, with a more pronounced effect observed in males. Eliminating high body mass index(BMI)could avert 45,000 male and 25,000 female deaths annually by 2050, while diabetes elimination could prevent60,000 male and 21,000 female deaths. Secondary prevention through liver cancer screening with 80% coverage could reduce liver cancer deaths by 3.59%(3.14%-4.04%) for the total population. Combining all interventions under Scenario 1 could prevent up to 88.39%(76.65%-99.81%) of male and 77.80%(67.42%-87.88%) of female liver cancer deaths by 2050.Conclusions: Comprehensive risk factor control could prevent over 80% of liver cancer deaths in China by2050. Secondary prevention through screening may offer modest additional benefits. These findings provide strong quantitative support for targeted, evidence-based interventions and underscore the need for policy action to address key risk factors.
文摘BACKGROUND Older patients with liver cancer often experience impaired pulmonary function post-surgery,increasing complications and recovery challenges.AIM To investigate the effects of evidence-based stratified management and stepwise training in the perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation of older patients with liver cancer,providing a basis for clinical application.METHODS In total,120 older patients with liver cancer who underwent surgery at our hospital between February 2023 and February 2025 were selected and randomly divided into study and control groups,with 60 patients in each group.All the patients underwent radical hepatectomy.Postoperatively,the control group received routine nursing management and rehabilitation training,while the study group received evidence-based stratified management combined with stepwise training for a continuous intervention period of one week.Time to first ambulation,length of hospital stays,and average hospitalization costs were recorded.Oxygen saturation(SPO_(2))was measured on postoperative day 1 and day 3.The 6-minute walk distance and Borg scale scores were assessed on postoperative day 1 and day 7,respectively.The postoperative complication rates were recorded.RESULTS The study group had a significantly shorter time to first ambulation,shorter hospital stays,and lower average hospitalization costs than the control group(P<0.05).On postoperative day 1,there was no significant difference in SPO_(2)between the groups(P>0.05);however,on postoperative day 3,the study group had significantly higher SPO_(2)(P<0.05).On postoperative day 7,the study group showed a significantly longer 6-minute walk distance and lower Borg scores than the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications in the study group was 3.33%,which was significantly lower than that in the control group(13.33%;P<0.05).CONCLUSION Implementing evidence-based stratified management combined with stepwise training in the perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation of older patients with liver cancer is improves lung function,reduces complications,and promotes effective recovery,demonstrating significant clinical value.
文摘Liver cancer presents unique challenges due to its systemic impact and complex treatment modalities.Patients often experience a range of complications,including cardiovascular,renal,hematological,and metabolic abnormalities,which can significantly affect treatment outcomes and quality of life.This article emphasizes the integration of multidisciplinary strategies and artificial intelligence-driven diagnostics,which have the potential to improve patient outcomes by optimizing early detection and targeted management of these complications.A recent study on 60 liver cancer patients undergoing interventional therapy highlighted the importance of recognizing and managing these complications.This article offers an overview of systemic complications in liver cancer,focusing on pathophysiological mechanisms,risk factors,and strategies to improve care.By addressing gaps in the existing literature and proposing future research directions,it underscores the importance of comprehensive,patient-centered approaches to refine therapeutic strategies.
文摘The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been steadily rising,und-erscoring the need for a clear,stage-specific treatment approach.The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)staging system remains the most widely used frame-work for classifying HCC and guiding therapy.Among its classifications,the intermediate stage(BCLC-B)encompasses a highly heterogeneous patient popu-lation,with varying degrees of tumor burden and liver function.Traditionally,transarterial chemoembolization has been the standard treatment for this stage,based on earlier evidence.However,recent studies suggest that a subset of BCLC-B patients-particularly those with localized disease-may benefit more from liver resection.This review summarizes current treatment paradigms for BCLC-B HCC,explores emerging subclassifications within this group,and highlights evolving guidelines that support the selective use of surgery in appropriately chosen patients.
基金financially supported by research grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52173235)Science and Technology Innovation and Improving Project of Army Medical University(No.2021XJS24)+1 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Capability Enhancement Project of Army Medical University(No.2022XJS20)Key Innovation Project for Clinical Technology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University(No.2018JSLC0025)。
文摘Liver cancer is a major killer threatening human health worldwide.At this stage the clinical choice to the treatment of liver cancer is a combination of surgery,chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Alternatively,using hydrogen to treat cancer has great prospects and development space.Herein,we fabricated a hierarchical and flexible electrode that being able to continuously generate hydrogen in vivo in the deep abdominal liver through efficient water electrolysis to kill tumor cells and regulate the tumor microenvironment.The flexibility of the electrode facilitated to fit the tumor surface and thus improved the contact area of hydrogen therapy.By in situ growth of molybdenum disulfide on a hierarchical carbon skeleton,improved reaction kinetics and smaller impedance with a low overpotential of 1.02 V at-10 m A/cm^(2)in cell culture medium and Tafel slope of 73 m V/dec were achieved.Animal experiments showed that the electrode could effectively inhibit the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in nude mice by efficient H_(2)-production in vivo.The apoptosis rate of cancer cells reached 81.8%,and the proliferation rate decreased to 3.39%.Moreover,this treatment does not affect the growth of normal hepatocytes according to the results of cell experiments.This study demonstrated that the in vivo hydrogen production by our flexible electrode is a safe and effective treatment for liver cancer,with the advantages of minimal invasiveness,simple operation,low side effects and low cost.
文摘BACKGROUND Surgical treatment for primary liver cancer can effectively reduce infection risks.Accurate prediction is crucial for timely intervention,particularly to reduce the risk of infection.AIM To explore the predictive and prognostic value of the nutritional risk index(NRI)in hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related liver cancer.METHODS Ninety-six patients with HBV-related primary liver cancer who underwent surgery at our hospital between May 2022 and May 2024 were included.Patients were classified into infection and non-infection groups,and the NRI was compared.The infection group was further divided into mild and severe infection groups and then into survival and deceased groups,and the NRI was compared.Postoperative follow-up lasted 6 months.The predictive value of NRI for surgical site infections(SSIs),severity of infections,and prognostic assessment was analyzed.RESULTS Compared with patients with mild infection,those with severe infections had a significantly lower NRI(P<0.05).Compared with patients with mild infections,those with severe infections had a significantly higher NRI(P<0.05).The NRI was significantly lower in the good prognosis group than in the poor prognosis group(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve for NRI in predicting SSIs,infection severity,and patient prognosis were 0.984,0.986,and 0.949,respectively.CONCLUSION The NRI can accurately predict postoperative SSIs in patients with HBV-related primary liver cancer and plays a role in predicting the severity of infections and in prognostic assessment.
基金Supported by Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau,No.Y20240109.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a leading cause of cancer mortality,faces diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its histopathological complexity and clinical heterogeneity.Pathomics,an emerging discipline that integrates artificial intelligence(AI)with quantitative pathology image analysis,aims to decode disease heterogeneity by extracting high-dimensional features from histopathological specimens.This review highlights how AI-driven pathomics has revolutionized liver cancer management through automated analysis of whole-slide images.Pathomics integrates deep learning with histopathological features to enable precise tumour classification(e.g.,HCC vs cholangiocarcinoma),microvascular invasion(MVI)detection,recurrence risk stratification,and survival prediction.Advanced frameworks such as MVI-AI diagnostic model and CHOWDER demonstrate high accuracy in identifying prognostic biomarkers,whereas multiomics integration links morphometric patterns to molecular signatures(e.g.,EZH2 expression and immune infiltration).Despite these breakthroughs,critical bottlenecks persist,including limited multicentre validation studies,"black box"model interpretability,and clinical workflow integration.Future studies should emphasize AI-enhanced multimodal fusion(radiogenomics and liquid biopsy)and standardized platforms to bridge computational pathology and precision oncology,ultimately improving personalized therapeutic strategies for liver malignancies.This synthesis aims to guide research translation and advance personalized therapeutic strategies for liver malignancies.
文摘A recent study by Zhang et al developed a neural network-based predictive model for estimating doses to the uninvolved liver during stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT)in liver cancer.The study reported a significant advancement in personalized radiotherapy by improving accuracy and reducing treatment-related toxicity.The model demonstrated strong predictive performance with R-values above 0.8,indicating its potential to improve treatment consistency.However,concerns arise from the small sample size and exclusion criteria,which may limit generalizability.Future studies should incorporate larger,more diverse patient cohorts,explore potential confounding factors such as tumor characteristics and delivery technique variability,and address the long-term effects of SBRT.
