Lithocarpinols A(1) and B(2), a pair of tenellone diastereoisomers with novel fused skeleton were isolated from the deep-sea derived fungus Phomopsis lithocarpus FS508. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensiv...Lithocarpinols A(1) and B(2), a pair of tenellone diastereoisomers with novel fused skeleton were isolated from the deep-sea derived fungus Phomopsis lithocarpus FS508. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, X-ray diffraction and quantum molecular calculation. Their plausible biogenetic pathway featured an intriguing carbonyl-ene cyclization. Lithocarpinol A exhibited moderate inhibitory effect against HepG-2 and A549 tumor cell lines with IC_(50) values of 9.4 μmol/L and10.9 μmol/L,respectively.展开更多
The active compounds in herb drugs are mainly secondary metabolites, which are greatly influenced by external conditions. Particularly, light intensity has a great influence on the photosynthesis and accumulation of s...The active compounds in herb drugs are mainly secondary metabolites, which are greatly influenced by external conditions. Particularly, light intensity has a great influence on the photosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites. In this study, the light intensity was changed, and the influence of the light intensity on leaf photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activity and flavone contents of Lithocarpus litseifoliusp (Hance) Chun. was discussed. The results showed that (1) L. litseifolius is a typical heliophyte. As the light intensity decreased, the contents of chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b) and total chlorophyll (Chl a + b) all increased. However, the Chl a/b ratio gradually decreased. The daily variation of net photosynthetic rate changed from a double-peak curve under natural light to single-peak curve under 20% full light two shading nets. (2) As the light intensity decreased, the SOD and POD activities and the soluble proteins content decreased in the leaves. In contrast, the malondialdehyde content increased. (3) The flavone content was the highest in leaves at one shading nets 60% of full light, and the lowest occurred in leaves at two shading nets 20% of full light. A comprehensive analysis indicated that an appropriate shading could induce shade tolerance in the leaves of L. litseifolius, which promoted the accumulation of flavonoids. L. litseifolius should be planted in the lower position of sunny slope or the upper position of shady slope to increase the content of flavone in the leaves.展开更多
Nine new compounds,including five natural rarely-occurring 2,3-dihydro-1H-indene derivatives named diaporindenes E−I(1−5),and four new benzophenone analogues named tenellones J−M(6−9)were isolated from the deep-sea se...Nine new compounds,including five natural rarely-occurring 2,3-dihydro-1H-indene derivatives named diaporindenes E−I(1−5),and four new benzophenone analogues named tenellones J−M(6−9)were isolated from the deep-sea sediment-derived fungus Phomopsis lithocarpus FS508.All the structures for these new compounds were fully characterized on the basis of spectroscopic data,NMR spectra,and ECD calculation and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.The potential anti-tumor activities of compounds 1−9 against four tumor cell lines SF-268,MCF-7,HepG-2,and A549 were evaluated using the SRB method.Compound 7 exhibited cytotoxic activity against the SF-268 cell line with an IC50 value of 11.36μmol·L^(−1).展开更多
Five compounds were isolated from the precipitation of Lithocarpus litseifolius.On the basis of spectral data,they were identified as huazhongilexin(1),lithocarpic acid O(2),(24S^(*),25R^(*))-cycloartane-3β,24,25,26-...Five compounds were isolated from the precipitation of Lithocarpus litseifolius.On the basis of spectral data,they were identified as huazhongilexin(1),lithocarpic acid O(2),(24S^(*),25R^(*))-cycloartane-3β,24,25,26-tetrol(3),lithocarpic acid D(4),2,3,23-trihydroxy olean-12-en-28-oic acid(5).Compounds 1,3,5 were isolated from this plant for the first time,compound 2 was new and shown to be weak cytotoxic when tested against A549,HeLa,HepG2,and MCF-7 cell lines.展开更多
Patterns and drivers of species–genetic diversity correlations(SGDCs)have been broadly examined across taxa and ecosystems and greatly deepen our understanding of how biodiversity is maintained.However,few studies ha...Patterns and drivers of species–genetic diversity correlations(SGDCs)have been broadly examined across taxa and ecosystems and greatly deepen our understanding of how biodiversity is maintained.However,few studies have examined the role of canopy structural heterogeneity,which is a defining feature of forests,in shaping SGDCs.Here,we determine what factors contribute toα-andβ-species–genetic diversity correlations(i.e.,α-andβ-SGDCs)in a Chinese subtropical forest.For this purpose,we used neutral molecular markers to assess genetic variation in almost all adult individuals of the dominant tree species,Lithocarpus xylocarpus,across plots in the Ailaoshan National Natural Reserve.We also quantified microhabitat variation by quantifying canopy structure heterogeneity with airborne laser scanning on 201-ha subtropical forest plots.We found that speciesα-diversity was negatively correlated with geneticα-diversity.Canopy structural heterogeneity was positively correlated with speciesα-diversity but negatively correlated with geneticα-diversity.These contrasting effects contributed to the formation of a negativeα-SGDC.Further,we found that canopy structural heterogeneity increases speciesα-diversity and decreases geneticα-diversity by reducing the population size of target species.Speciesβ-diversity,in contrast,was positively correlated with geneticβ-diversity.Differences in canopy structural heterogeneity between plots had non-linear parallel effects on the two levels ofβ-diversity,while geographic distance had a relatively weak effect onβ-SGDC.Our study indicates that canopy structural heterogeneity simultaneously affects plot-level community species diversity and population genetic diversity,and species and genetic turnover across plots,thus drivingα-andβ-SGDCs.展开更多
Objective:Sweet Tea(ST),derived from the leaves of Lithocarpus polystachyus,is a Chinese folk medicine with wide pharmacological activities.However,the promotive effects of ST water extract on hepatocytes proliferatio...Objective:Sweet Tea(ST),derived from the leaves of Lithocarpus polystachyus,is a Chinese folk medicine with wide pharmacological activities.However,the promotive effects of ST water extract on hepatocytes proliferation and its underlying mechanism remains still unknown.In the present study,the beneficial effects of ST water extract on human hepatocytes and its possible mechanism were investigated.Methods:MTT assay was used to detect the safety range of ST;HL7702 cells were divided into four groups:control group,ST low-(50μg/m L),medium-(200μg/m L)and high-concentration(800μg/m L)groups;Brd U ELISA and EDU staining were used to observe DNA content and cell proliferation;Moreover,flow cytometry was applied to analyze the distribution of cell cycle.Furthermore,the expression of cyclin D1,CDK4,HGF/c-Met,Akt,Erk1/2 were detected by Western blot.Results:It was found that ST water extract concentration-dependent promoted human hepatocytes HL7702 cell proliferation within 72 h through accumulating the cells in S phase and G2/M phase.Furthermore,ST water extract up-regulated expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 proteins.Moreover,ST water extract not only increased HGF expression and phosphorylation of c-Met level,but also activated the phosphorylation levels of AKT,ERK1/2.Interestingly,both of AKT inhibitor A6730 and ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 reversed the promotive effects of ST water extract,which further confirmed that activation of AKT and ERK1/2 were involved.Conclusion:The findings reveal that ST water extract promoted HL7702 cells proliferation through the stimulation of cell cycle mediated by activating the AKT-and ERK1/2-related pathway.展开更多
Lithocarpins E-G,featuring a rare naturally-occurring highly oxygenated tenellone-macrolide skeleton,were isolated from the culture extract of a marine-derived fungus Phomopsis lithocarpus FS508.Their structures were ...Lithocarpins E-G,featuring a rare naturally-occurring highly oxygenated tenellone-macrolide skeleton,were isolated from the culture extract of a marine-derived fungus Phomopsis lithocarpus FS508.Their structures were fully elucidated by NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses and electronic circular dichroism calculations.Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicities against HepG2,MCF-7,SF-268,as well as A549 cell lines,among which,compound 1 exhibited inhibitory activity against HepG2 cells with an IC_(50) value of 6.3 μmol/L.The further mechanistic investigation demonstrated that lithocarpin E could cause the apoptosis of HepG2 cells through activation of p-ERK,Bax,and caspase-3 gene expressions.展开更多
Background Seed traits,including size,nutrient content,mechanical and chemical defenses,are important factors influencing seed-animal interactions.Representing insect-seed antagonism,pre-dispersal seed predation(PSP)h...Background Seed traits,including size,nutrient content,mechanical and chemical defenses,are important factors influencing seed-animal interactions.Representing insect-seed antagonism,pre-dispersal seed predation(PSP)has a significant negative impact on plant reproductive success.However,empirical studies examining the influence of multiple seed traits on PSP are scarce.As dominant canopy tree species in evergreen forests of East Asia,Lithocarpus species serve as ideal models for investigating how seed traits affect PSP.Results We examined PSP in relation to fruit traits of five coexisting Lithocarpus species in a subtropical evergreen forest in Malipo,China.Our findings revealed significant interspecific variation in both PSP rates and seed traits.Mechanical defense was more effective than chemical defense in deterring PSP across the five species.Additionally,larger seeds were more susceptible to multi-larvae infestation.Among the infested fruits,weevils were the major pre-dispersal seed predators,outnumbering moths.However,PSP did not lead to substantial seed loss during the study year.Conclusion Our study highlights the effectiveness of mechanical defenses in reducing PSP.This study also provides empirical evidence that interspecific variation in seed traits drives PSP differentiation,offering new insights into biotic interactions and species coexistence within forest ecosystems.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou, China(No. 201607020018)the Team Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030312014)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31272087)the Guangdong Provincial Project for Science and Technology (Nos. 2015A030302061, 2016A020222022)the Guangdong Provincial Innovative Development of Marine Economy Regional Demonstration Projects (No. GD2012-D01-002)
文摘Lithocarpinols A(1) and B(2), a pair of tenellone diastereoisomers with novel fused skeleton were isolated from the deep-sea derived fungus Phomopsis lithocarpus FS508. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, X-ray diffraction and quantum molecular calculation. Their plausible biogenetic pathway featured an intriguing carbonyl-ene cyclization. Lithocarpinol A exhibited moderate inhibitory effect against HepG-2 and A549 tumor cell lines with IC_(50) values of 9.4 μmol/L and10.9 μmol/L,respectively.
文摘The active compounds in herb drugs are mainly secondary metabolites, which are greatly influenced by external conditions. Particularly, light intensity has a great influence on the photosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites. In this study, the light intensity was changed, and the influence of the light intensity on leaf photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activity and flavone contents of Lithocarpus litseifoliusp (Hance) Chun. was discussed. The results showed that (1) L. litseifolius is a typical heliophyte. As the light intensity decreased, the contents of chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b) and total chlorophyll (Chl a + b) all increased. However, the Chl a/b ratio gradually decreased. The daily variation of net photosynthetic rate changed from a double-peak curve under natural light to single-peak curve under 20% full light two shading nets. (2) As the light intensity decreased, the SOD and POD activities and the soluble proteins content decreased in the leaves. In contrast, the malondialdehyde content increased. (3) The flavone content was the highest in leaves at one shading nets 60% of full light, and the lowest occurred in leaves at two shading nets 20% of full light. A comprehensive analysis indicated that an appropriate shading could induce shade tolerance in the leaves of L. litseifolius, which promoted the accumulation of flavonoids. L. litseifolius should be planted in the lower position of sunny slope or the upper position of shady slope to increase the content of flavone in the leaves.
基金This work was supported by Guangdong Provincial Special Fund for Marine Economic Development Project(No.GDNRC[2020]042)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41906106)+2 种基金Guangdong Special Support Program(No.2019TQ05Y375)the Team Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2016A030312014)the GDAS'Project of Science and Technology Development(No.2019GDA-SYL-0103007).
文摘Nine new compounds,including five natural rarely-occurring 2,3-dihydro-1H-indene derivatives named diaporindenes E−I(1−5),and four new benzophenone analogues named tenellones J−M(6−9)were isolated from the deep-sea sediment-derived fungus Phomopsis lithocarpus FS508.All the structures for these new compounds were fully characterized on the basis of spectroscopic data,NMR spectra,and ECD calculation and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.The potential anti-tumor activities of compounds 1−9 against four tumor cell lines SF-268,MCF-7,HepG-2,and A549 were evaluated using the SRB method.Compound 7 exhibited cytotoxic activity against the SF-268 cell line with an IC50 value of 11.36μmol·L^(−1).
文摘Five compounds were isolated from the precipitation of Lithocarpus litseifolius.On the basis of spectral data,they were identified as huazhongilexin(1),lithocarpic acid O(2),(24S^(*),25R^(*))-cycloartane-3β,24,25,26-tetrol(3),lithocarpic acid D(4),2,3,23-trihydroxy olean-12-en-28-oic acid(5).Compounds 1,3,5 were isolated from this plant for the first time,compound 2 was new and shown to be weak cytotoxic when tested against A549,HeLa,HepG2,and MCF-7 cell lines.
基金funded by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB31000000)the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Province (U1902203)+1 种基金Major Program for Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province (202101BC070002)Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (151C53KYSB20200019)
文摘Patterns and drivers of species–genetic diversity correlations(SGDCs)have been broadly examined across taxa and ecosystems and greatly deepen our understanding of how biodiversity is maintained.However,few studies have examined the role of canopy structural heterogeneity,which is a defining feature of forests,in shaping SGDCs.Here,we determine what factors contribute toα-andβ-species–genetic diversity correlations(i.e.,α-andβ-SGDCs)in a Chinese subtropical forest.For this purpose,we used neutral molecular markers to assess genetic variation in almost all adult individuals of the dominant tree species,Lithocarpus xylocarpus,across plots in the Ailaoshan National Natural Reserve.We also quantified microhabitat variation by quantifying canopy structure heterogeneity with airborne laser scanning on 201-ha subtropical forest plots.We found that speciesα-diversity was negatively correlated with geneticα-diversity.Canopy structural heterogeneity was positively correlated with speciesα-diversity but negatively correlated with geneticα-diversity.These contrasting effects contributed to the formation of a negativeα-SGDC.Further,we found that canopy structural heterogeneity increases speciesα-diversity and decreases geneticα-diversity by reducing the population size of target species.Speciesβ-diversity,in contrast,was positively correlated with geneticβ-diversity.Differences in canopy structural heterogeneity between plots had non-linear parallel effects on the two levels ofβ-diversity,while geographic distance had a relatively weak effect onβ-SGDC.Our study indicates that canopy structural heterogeneity simultaneously affects plot-level community species diversity and population genetic diversity,and species and genetic turnover across plots,thus drivingα-andβ-SGDCs.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81760727)Science and Technology Support Plan of Guizhou Province(No.Supporting Science and Technology Cooperation of Guizhou Province[2020]1Y010)+5 种基金Fund Guidance Project of Zunyi Science and Technology Bureau(No.Science and Technology Talents of Zunyi City 2021 No.4)National Key R&D Plan for Research on Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2017YFC1702005)Post Subsidy Project of State Key R&D Plan in Social Development Field(No.SQ2017YFC170204-05)the “hundred”level of high-level innovative talents in Guizhou Province(No.QKHRCPT 20165684)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University,China(No.IRT_17R113)Program for Outstanding Youth of Zunyi Medical University(No.15zy-002)。
文摘Objective:Sweet Tea(ST),derived from the leaves of Lithocarpus polystachyus,is a Chinese folk medicine with wide pharmacological activities.However,the promotive effects of ST water extract on hepatocytes proliferation and its underlying mechanism remains still unknown.In the present study,the beneficial effects of ST water extract on human hepatocytes and its possible mechanism were investigated.Methods:MTT assay was used to detect the safety range of ST;HL7702 cells were divided into four groups:control group,ST low-(50μg/m L),medium-(200μg/m L)and high-concentration(800μg/m L)groups;Brd U ELISA and EDU staining were used to observe DNA content and cell proliferation;Moreover,flow cytometry was applied to analyze the distribution of cell cycle.Furthermore,the expression of cyclin D1,CDK4,HGF/c-Met,Akt,Erk1/2 were detected by Western blot.Results:It was found that ST water extract concentration-dependent promoted human hepatocytes HL7702 cell proliferation within 72 h through accumulating the cells in S phase and G2/M phase.Furthermore,ST water extract up-regulated expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 proteins.Moreover,ST water extract not only increased HGF expression and phosphorylation of c-Met level,but also activated the phosphorylation levels of AKT,ERK1/2.Interestingly,both of AKT inhibitor A6730 and ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 reversed the promotive effects of ST water extract,which further confirmed that activation of AKT and ERK1/2 were involved.Conclusion:The findings reveal that ST water extract promoted HL7702 cells proliferation through the stimulation of cell cycle mediated by activating the AKT-and ERK1/2-related pathway.
基金Guangdong Provincial Special Fund for Marine Economic Development Project([2020]042)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41906106)+3 种基金the Guangdong Special Support Program(2019TQ05Y375)Team Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2016A030312014)the GDAS_Project of Science and Technology Development(2019GDASYL-0103007)We sincerely thank Mr.Can Li of central laboratory of Southern Medical University for NMR measurements.
文摘Lithocarpins E-G,featuring a rare naturally-occurring highly oxygenated tenellone-macrolide skeleton,were isolated from the culture extract of a marine-derived fungus Phomopsis lithocarpus FS508.Their structures were fully elucidated by NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses and electronic circular dichroism calculations.Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicities against HepG2,MCF-7,SF-268,as well as A549 cell lines,among which,compound 1 exhibited inhibitory activity against HepG2 cells with an IC_(50) value of 6.3 μmol/L.The further mechanistic investigation demonstrated that lithocarpin E could cause the apoptosis of HepG2 cells through activation of p-ERK,Bax,and caspase-3 gene expressions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number 32060058)the State Scholarship Fund under China Scholarship Council(File No.202108535022)
文摘Background Seed traits,including size,nutrient content,mechanical and chemical defenses,are important factors influencing seed-animal interactions.Representing insect-seed antagonism,pre-dispersal seed predation(PSP)has a significant negative impact on plant reproductive success.However,empirical studies examining the influence of multiple seed traits on PSP are scarce.As dominant canopy tree species in evergreen forests of East Asia,Lithocarpus species serve as ideal models for investigating how seed traits affect PSP.Results We examined PSP in relation to fruit traits of five coexisting Lithocarpus species in a subtropical evergreen forest in Malipo,China.Our findings revealed significant interspecific variation in both PSP rates and seed traits.Mechanical defense was more effective than chemical defense in deterring PSP across the five species.Additionally,larger seeds were more susceptible to multi-larvae infestation.Among the infested fruits,weevils were the major pre-dispersal seed predators,outnumbering moths.However,PSP did not lead to substantial seed loss during the study year.Conclusion Our study highlights the effectiveness of mechanical defenses in reducing PSP.This study also provides empirical evidence that interspecific variation in seed traits drives PSP differentiation,offering new insights into biotic interactions and species coexistence within forest ecosystems.
