实验以废弃小麦秸秆为原料,基于KOH活化-高温烧结法制备了多孔碳材料,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N_(2)吸附/脱附测试和拉曼光谱(Raman)等测试方法,表征了材料的结构及形貌,并结合恒流充放电(GCD)和循环伏安(CV)测试技术,探究了其在锂离...实验以废弃小麦秸秆为原料,基于KOH活化-高温烧结法制备了多孔碳材料,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N_(2)吸附/脱附测试和拉曼光谱(Raman)等测试方法,表征了材料的结构及形貌,并结合恒流充放电(GCD)和循环伏安(CV)测试技术,探究了其在锂离子电池中的应用。实验结果表明,采用10 mol·L^(-1)KOH活化的碳材料所制备的电极在循环100次后,依然能具有348.4 m Ah·g^(-1)的比容量,且当电流密度增加到3.5 A·g^(-1)时,其比容量高达431.2 m Ah·g^(-1),表现出较高的倍率性能,这主要是由于材料较多的微孔空隙和较高的无序度,提供了更多的电化学活性点。展开更多
A mesoscopic pore-scale model of multi-disciplinary processes coupled with electrochemical reactions in lithium-ion batteries is established via a relatively novel numerical method—smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH...A mesoscopic pore-scale model of multi-disciplinary processes coupled with electrochemical reactions in lithium-ion batteries is established via a relatively novel numerical method—smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method.This model is based on mesoscopic treatment to the electrode(including separator)micro-pore structures and solves a group of inter-coupled SPH equations,including charge(ion in electrolyte phase and electron in solid phase),species(Li?in electrolyte phase and lithium in solid active materials),and energy conservation equations.Model parameters,e.g.the physicochemical properties are location-dependent,directly associated with the local component of the medium.The electrochemical reactions are prescribed to occur exactly at the interface of solid active materials and electrolyte.Simulations to isothermal discharge processes of a battery of 2-dimensional idealized micro-pore structure in electrodes and separator preliminarily corroborate the reasonability and capability of the developed SPH model.展开更多
As a forefront energy storage technology,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have garnered immense attention across diverse applications,including electric vehicles,consumer electronics,and medical devices,owing to their excep...As a forefront energy storage technology,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have garnered immense attention across diverse applications,including electric vehicles,consumer electronics,and medical devices,owing to their exceptional energy density,minimal self-discharge rate,high open circuit voltage,and extended lifespan.However,despite their remarkable advancements and widespread commercialization,LIBs continue to face critical challenges,particularly the demand for even higher energy density,which inhibits their performance in high-power applications such as electric and hybrid electric vehicles.展开更多
As the world races to electrify everything from vehicles to energy grids,demand for lithium-a key ingredient in lithiumion batteries(LIB)-has exploded.Yet conventional lithium mining has long carried a heavy environme...As the world races to electrify everything from vehicles to energy grids,demand for lithium-a key ingredient in lithiumion batteries(LIB)-has exploded.Yet conventional lithium mining has long carried a heavy environmental toll,including massive water usage,toxic chemical processes,and significant land disruption.展开更多
Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)are a cutting-edge energy storage solution,with several advantages over the state-of-art lithiumion batteries(LIBs).The use of magnesium(Mg)metal as an anode material provides a m...Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)are a cutting-edge energy storage solution,with several advantages over the state-of-art lithiumion batteries(LIBs).The use of magnesium(Mg)metal as an anode material provides a much higher gravimetric capacity compared to graphite,which is currently used as the anode material in LIBs.Despite the significant advances in electrolyte,the development of cathode material is limited to materials that operate at low average discharge voltage(<1.0 V vs.Mg/Mg^(2+)),and developing high voltage cathodes remains challenging.Only a few materials have been shown to intercalate Mg^(2+)ions reversibly at high voltage.This review focuses on the structural aspects of cathode material that can operate at high voltage,including the Mg^(2+)intercalation mechanism in relation to its electrochemical properties.The materials are categorized into transition metal oxides and polyanions and subcategorized by the intrinsic Mg^(2+)diffusion path.This review also provides insights into the future development of each material,aiming to stimulate and guide researchers working in this field towards further advancements in high voltage cathodes.展开更多
This article proposes a multi-tiered fault detection system for series-connected lithium-ion battery modules.Improper use of batteries can lead to electrolyte decomposition,resulting in the formation of lithium dendri...This article proposes a multi-tiered fault detection system for series-connected lithium-ion battery modules.Improper use of batteries can lead to electrolyte decomposition,resulting in the formation of lithium dendrites.These dendrites may pierce the separator,leading to the failure of the insulation layer between electrodes and causing micro short circuits.When a micro short circuit occurs,the electrolyte typically undergoes exothermic reactions,leading to thermal runaway and posing a safety risk to users.Relying solely on temperature-based judgment mechanisms within the battery management system often results in delayed intervention.To address this issue,the article develops a multi-tiered fault detection algorithm for series-connected lithium-ion batteries.This algorithm can effectively diagnose micro short circuits,aging,and normal batteries using minimal battery data,thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and enhancing the flexibility of fault detection.Simulations and experiments conducted under various levels of micro short circuits validate the effectiveness of the algorithm,demonstrating its ability to distinguish between short-circuited,aged,and normal batteries under different conditions.This technology can be applied to electric vehicles and energy storage systems,enabling early warnings to ensure safety and prevent thermal runaway.展开更多
Lithium-ion hybrid capacitors(LIHCs)have drawn extensive attention in fleld of energy storage.However,the absence of appropriate electrode materials with rapid kinetics restricted the overall performance of the capaci...Lithium-ion hybrid capacitors(LIHCs)have drawn extensive attention in fleld of energy storage.However,the absence of appropriate electrode materials with rapid kinetics restricted the overall performance of the capacitors.Herein,hierarchical N,P-codoped hollow car-bon nanospheres coupling with WS_(2) nanosheets(N,P-codoped HCNS/WS_(2)NSs)were fabricated for boosting lithium storage materials.Specially,the WS_(2) nanosheets with several layers embedded in the N,P-codoped hollow carbon nanospheres could not only enhance the conduc-tivity of composites,but also provide abundant channels for the rapid transfer of ions.As a result,as-prepared N,P-codoped HCNS/WS_(2) NSs demonstrated superior rate performance and long-term cycling stability.The reversible discharge capacity of 725.2 mAh·g^(-1) could be preserved after 1000 cycles at a current density of 1.0 A·g^(-1).Fur-thermore,LIHCs devices were assembled by using N,P-codoped HCNS/WS_(2) NSs and activated carbon(AC)as the cathode and anode,which exhibited high energy density of 166.7 Wh·kg^(-1) and power density of 5312.4 W·kg^(-1).Last but not least,the capacity almost had no obvious deterioration after 6000 cycles at a high current density of 10.0 A·g^(-1).展开更多
文摘实验以废弃小麦秸秆为原料,基于KOH活化-高温烧结法制备了多孔碳材料,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N_(2)吸附/脱附测试和拉曼光谱(Raman)等测试方法,表征了材料的结构及形貌,并结合恒流充放电(GCD)和循环伏安(CV)测试技术,探究了其在锂离子电池中的应用。实验结果表明,采用10 mol·L^(-1)KOH活化的碳材料所制备的电极在循环100次后,依然能具有348.4 m Ah·g^(-1)的比容量,且当电流密度增加到3.5 A·g^(-1)时,其比容量高达431.2 m Ah·g^(-1),表现出较高的倍率性能,这主要是由于材料较多的微孔空隙和较高的无序度,提供了更多的电化学活性点。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51206171)the Director Innovation Foundation of Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion (y207r31001)+1 种基金the Amperex Technology Limited (ATL-Dongguan)the CAS ‘‘100 talents’’ Plan (FJ)
文摘A mesoscopic pore-scale model of multi-disciplinary processes coupled with electrochemical reactions in lithium-ion batteries is established via a relatively novel numerical method—smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method.This model is based on mesoscopic treatment to the electrode(including separator)micro-pore structures and solves a group of inter-coupled SPH equations,including charge(ion in electrolyte phase and electron in solid phase),species(Li?in electrolyte phase and lithium in solid active materials),and energy conservation equations.Model parameters,e.g.the physicochemical properties are location-dependent,directly associated with the local component of the medium.The electrochemical reactions are prescribed to occur exactly at the interface of solid active materials and electrolyte.Simulations to isothermal discharge processes of a battery of 2-dimensional idealized micro-pore structure in electrodes and separator preliminarily corroborate the reasonability and capability of the developed SPH model.
文摘As a forefront energy storage technology,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have garnered immense attention across diverse applications,including electric vehicles,consumer electronics,and medical devices,owing to their exceptional energy density,minimal self-discharge rate,high open circuit voltage,and extended lifespan.However,despite their remarkable advancements and widespread commercialization,LIBs continue to face critical challenges,particularly the demand for even higher energy density,which inhibits their performance in high-power applications such as electric and hybrid electric vehicles.
文摘As the world races to electrify everything from vehicles to energy grids,demand for lithium-a key ingredient in lithiumion batteries(LIB)-has exploded.Yet conventional lithium mining has long carried a heavy environmental toll,including massive water usage,toxic chemical processes,and significant land disruption.
基金supported by the Nano&Material Technology Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(RS-2024-00446825)by the Technology Innovation Program(RS-2024-00418815)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Korea).
文摘Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)are a cutting-edge energy storage solution,with several advantages over the state-of-art lithiumion batteries(LIBs).The use of magnesium(Mg)metal as an anode material provides a much higher gravimetric capacity compared to graphite,which is currently used as the anode material in LIBs.Despite the significant advances in electrolyte,the development of cathode material is limited to materials that operate at low average discharge voltage(<1.0 V vs.Mg/Mg^(2+)),and developing high voltage cathodes remains challenging.Only a few materials have been shown to intercalate Mg^(2+)ions reversibly at high voltage.This review focuses on the structural aspects of cathode material that can operate at high voltage,including the Mg^(2+)intercalation mechanism in relation to its electrochemical properties.The materials are categorized into transition metal oxides and polyanions and subcategorized by the intrinsic Mg^(2+)diffusion path.This review also provides insights into the future development of each material,aiming to stimulate and guide researchers working in this field towards further advancements in high voltage cathodes.
文摘This article proposes a multi-tiered fault detection system for series-connected lithium-ion battery modules.Improper use of batteries can lead to electrolyte decomposition,resulting in the formation of lithium dendrites.These dendrites may pierce the separator,leading to the failure of the insulation layer between electrodes and causing micro short circuits.When a micro short circuit occurs,the electrolyte typically undergoes exothermic reactions,leading to thermal runaway and posing a safety risk to users.Relying solely on temperature-based judgment mechanisms within the battery management system often results in delayed intervention.To address this issue,the article develops a multi-tiered fault detection algorithm for series-connected lithium-ion batteries.This algorithm can effectively diagnose micro short circuits,aging,and normal batteries using minimal battery data,thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and enhancing the flexibility of fault detection.Simulations and experiments conducted under various levels of micro short circuits validate the effectiveness of the algorithm,demonstrating its ability to distinguish between short-circuited,aged,and normal batteries under different conditions.This technology can be applied to electric vehicles and energy storage systems,enabling early warnings to ensure safety and prevent thermal runaway.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51902266 and 22002003)the Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Poly technical University(No.CX2021009)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province(No.2020GXLH-Z-032)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing(NPU),China(No.G8QT0461G),and the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing(NPU),China(No.SKLSP202004)。
文摘Lithium-ion hybrid capacitors(LIHCs)have drawn extensive attention in fleld of energy storage.However,the absence of appropriate electrode materials with rapid kinetics restricted the overall performance of the capacitors.Herein,hierarchical N,P-codoped hollow car-bon nanospheres coupling with WS_(2) nanosheets(N,P-codoped HCNS/WS_(2)NSs)were fabricated for boosting lithium storage materials.Specially,the WS_(2) nanosheets with several layers embedded in the N,P-codoped hollow carbon nanospheres could not only enhance the conduc-tivity of composites,but also provide abundant channels for the rapid transfer of ions.As a result,as-prepared N,P-codoped HCNS/WS_(2) NSs demonstrated superior rate performance and long-term cycling stability.The reversible discharge capacity of 725.2 mAh·g^(-1) could be preserved after 1000 cycles at a current density of 1.0 A·g^(-1).Fur-thermore,LIHCs devices were assembled by using N,P-codoped HCNS/WS_(2) NSs and activated carbon(AC)as the cathode and anode,which exhibited high energy density of 166.7 Wh·kg^(-1) and power density of 5312.4 W·kg^(-1).Last but not least,the capacity almost had no obvious deterioration after 6000 cycles at a high current density of 10.0 A·g^(-1).
