AIM: To investigate how hepatitis C virus (HCV) G1b infection influences the particle number of lipoproteins.METHODS: The numbers of lipoprotein particles in fasting sera from 173 Japanese subjects, 82 with active HCV...AIM: To investigate how hepatitis C virus (HCV) G1b infection influences the particle number of lipoproteins.METHODS: The numbers of lipoprotein particles in fasting sera from 173 Japanese subjects, 82 with active HCV G1b infection (active HCV group) and 91 with cleared HCV infection (SVR group), were examined. Serum lipoprotein was fractionated by high-performance liquid chromatography into twenty fractions. The cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in each fraction were measured using LipoSEARCH. The number of lipoprotein particles in each fraction was calculated using a newly developed algorithm, and the relationship between chronic HCV G1b infection and the lipoprotein particle number was determined by multiple linear regression analysis.RESULTS: The median number of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles was significantly lower in the active HCV group [1182 nmol/L, interquartile range (IQR): 444 nmol/L] than in the SVR group (1363 nmol/L, IQR: 472 nmol/L, P < 0.001), as was that of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles (14168 nmol/L vs 15054 nmol/L, IQR: 4114 nmol/L vs 3385 nmol/L, P = 0.042). The number of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles was similar between the two groups. Among the four LDL sub-fractions, the number of large LDL particles was similar between the two groups. However, the numbers of medium (median: 533.0 nmol/L, IQR: 214.7 nmol/L vs median: 633.5 nmol/L, IQR: 229.6 nmol/L, P < 0.001), small (median: 190.9 nmol/L, IQR: 152.4 nmol/L vs median: 263.2 nmol/L, IQR: 159.9 nmol/L; P < 0.001), and very small LDL particles (median: 103.5 nmol/L, IQR: 66.8 nmol/L vs median: 139.3 nmol/L, IQR: 67.3 nmol/L, P < 0.001) were significantly lower in the active HCV group than in the SVR group, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated an association between HCV G1b infection and the decreased numbers of medium, small, and very small LDL particles. However, active HCV infection did not affect the number of large LDL particles or any sub-fractions of VLDL and HDL particles.CONCLUSION: HCV G1b infection decreases the numbers of medium, small, and very small LDL particles.展开更多
Objective:Disturbances in lipid and lipoprotein profiles in patients after kidney transplantation (Tx) are still not understood. Methods:Serum levels of lipids,lipoprotein,triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs),and hig...Objective:Disturbances in lipid and lipoprotein profiles in patients after kidney transplantation (Tx) are still not understood. Methods:Serum levels of lipids,lipoprotein,triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs),and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles were determined,lipid and lipoprotein ratios were calculated,and their relationships in Tx patients with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and lower apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) concentration were examined. Serum lipid and lipoprotein levels were measured in 109 Tx patients and 89 healthy subjects. HDL particle levels were de-termined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results:Tx patients had disturbed concentration,com-position,and metabolism of TRLs and HDL particles. Multivariance analysis showed significant and positive correlation between HDL cholesterol/apoAI (HDL-C/apoAI) and HDL-C/HDL ratios,which indicates that both ratios could sensi-tively reflect changes in the HDL subclasses and their distribution into smaller size particles. In Tx patients,the de-creased HDL-C/apoAI ratio indicates that,along with the decreased apoAI concentration,the HDL-C level is de-creased. However,a low HDL-C/HDL ratio indicates that HDL particles in Tx patients transport lesser content of HDL-C but more triglyceride (TG) (high TG/HDL ratio),and thus are hypercatabolized and removed; therefore,con-centration of HDL particles in serum was decreased. Conclusion:The decrease of HDL-C/apoAI ratio seems to be a good marker of HDL subclass distribution into smaller size particles.展开更多
Disturbances in the metabolism of lipoprotein profiles and oxidative stress in hemodialyzed （HD） and post-renal transplant （Tx） patients are proatherogenic, but elevated concentrations of plasma high-density lipop...Disturbances in the metabolism of lipoprotein profiles and oxidative stress in hemodialyzed （HD） and post-renal transplant （Tx） patients are proatherogenic, but elevated concentrations of plasma high-density lipoprotein （HDL） reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the concentrations of lipid, lipoprotein, HDL particle, oxidized low-density lipoprotein （ox-LDL） and anti-ox-LDL, and paraoxonase-1 （PON-1） activity in HD （n=33） and Tx （n=71） patients who were non-smokers without active inflammatory disease, liver disease, diabetes, or malignancy. HD patients had moderate hypertriglyceridemia, normocholesterolemia, low HDL-C, apolipoprotein A-I （apoA-I） and HDL particle concentrations as well as PON-1 activity, and increased ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels. Tx patients had hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, moderately decreased HDL-C and HDL particle concentrations and PON-1 activity, and moderately increased ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels as compared to the reference, but ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels and PON-1 activity were more disturbed in HD patients. However, in both patient groups, lipid and lipoprotein ratios （total cholesterol （TC）/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, triglyceride （TG）/HDL-C, HDL-C/non-HDL-C, apoA-I/apoB, HDL-C/apoA-I, TG/HDL） were atherogenic. The Spearman＇s rank coefficient test showed that the concentration of ox-LDL correlated positively with HDL particle level （R=0.363, P=0.004）, and negatively with TC （R=-0.306, P=0.012）, LDL-C （R=-0.283, P=0.020）, and non-HDL-C （R=-0.263, P=0.030） levels in Tx patients. Multiple stepwise forward regression analysis in Tx patients demonstrated that ox-LDL concentration, as an independent variable, was associated significantly positively with HDL particle level. The results indicated that ox-LDL and de- creased PON-1 activity in Tx patients may give rise to more mildly-oxidized HDLs, which are less stable, easily undergo metabolic remodeling, generate a greater number of smaller pre-13-HDL particles, and thus accelerate reverse cholesterol transport, which may be beneficial for Tx patients. Further studies are necessary to confirm this.展开更多
Objectives:This study examined the effects of stepreduction and subsequent step-recovery and exercise rehabilitation on systemic metabolism in older adults.Methods:Participants were 66 eligible participants from the E...Objectives:This study examined the effects of stepreduction and subsequent step-recovery and exercise rehabilitation on systemic metabolism in older adults.Methods:Participants were 66 eligible participants from the ENDURE randomised controlled trial allocated to an intervention group(n=32;25%male)or control group(n=34;21%male).The intervention group was instructed to limit their daily steps to a maximum of 2000 for two weeks(Period Ⅰ),followed by a four-week exercise rehabilitation program(Period Ⅱ)involving twice-weekly sessions of whole-body resistance and bicycle ergometer-based endurance training.Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline,after Period Ⅰ,and after Period Ⅱ.Systemic metabolism was assessed using high-throughput proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Data were normalised using Box-Cox transformation and analysed with linear mixed-effects models including random intercepts.Results:Period Ⅰ and Period Ⅱ had largely opposing effects on systemic metabolism.For instance,compared to the control group,Period one led to increases in VLDL-phospholipids(0.54 SD,P=0.005),VLDL-cholesterols(0.41 SD,P=0.012)and VLDLtriglycerides(0.79 SD,P=0.002),and decreases in HDLphospholipids(−0.31 SD,P=0.037)andHDL-cholesterols(−0.47 SD,P=0.011),alongside an increase in HDL-triglycerides(0.64 SD,P=0.011).These changes reversed during Period Ⅱ.Glycoprotein acetylation biomarker GlycA levels were unaffected by either intervention.Conclusions:These findings suggest that short-term inactivity does not markedly influence the inflammatory state but adversely affects lipoprotein metabolism and glycolytic pathways;however,these changes are reversible through the resumption of physical activity.展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate how hepatitis C virus (HCV) G1b infection influences the particle number of lipoproteins.METHODS: The numbers of lipoprotein particles in fasting sera from 173 Japanese subjects, 82 with active HCV G1b infection (active HCV group) and 91 with cleared HCV infection (SVR group), were examined. Serum lipoprotein was fractionated by high-performance liquid chromatography into twenty fractions. The cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in each fraction were measured using LipoSEARCH. The number of lipoprotein particles in each fraction was calculated using a newly developed algorithm, and the relationship between chronic HCV G1b infection and the lipoprotein particle number was determined by multiple linear regression analysis.RESULTS: The median number of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles was significantly lower in the active HCV group [1182 nmol/L, interquartile range (IQR): 444 nmol/L] than in the SVR group (1363 nmol/L, IQR: 472 nmol/L, P < 0.001), as was that of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles (14168 nmol/L vs 15054 nmol/L, IQR: 4114 nmol/L vs 3385 nmol/L, P = 0.042). The number of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles was similar between the two groups. Among the four LDL sub-fractions, the number of large LDL particles was similar between the two groups. However, the numbers of medium (median: 533.0 nmol/L, IQR: 214.7 nmol/L vs median: 633.5 nmol/L, IQR: 229.6 nmol/L, P < 0.001), small (median: 190.9 nmol/L, IQR: 152.4 nmol/L vs median: 263.2 nmol/L, IQR: 159.9 nmol/L; P < 0.001), and very small LDL particles (median: 103.5 nmol/L, IQR: 66.8 nmol/L vs median: 139.3 nmol/L, IQR: 67.3 nmol/L, P < 0.001) were significantly lower in the active HCV group than in the SVR group, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated an association between HCV G1b infection and the decreased numbers of medium, small, and very small LDL particles. However, active HCV infection did not affect the number of large LDL particles or any sub-fractions of VLDL and HDL particles.CONCLUSION: HCV G1b infection decreases the numbers of medium, small, and very small LDL particles.
基金Project (Nos. PW 55/09 and DS 41/09) supported by the Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
文摘Objective:Disturbances in lipid and lipoprotein profiles in patients after kidney transplantation (Tx) are still not understood. Methods:Serum levels of lipids,lipoprotein,triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs),and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles were determined,lipid and lipoprotein ratios were calculated,and their relationships in Tx patients with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and lower apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) concentration were examined. Serum lipid and lipoprotein levels were measured in 109 Tx patients and 89 healthy subjects. HDL particle levels were de-termined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results:Tx patients had disturbed concentration,com-position,and metabolism of TRLs and HDL particles. Multivariance analysis showed significant and positive correlation between HDL cholesterol/apoAI (HDL-C/apoAI) and HDL-C/HDL ratios,which indicates that both ratios could sensi-tively reflect changes in the HDL subclasses and their distribution into smaller size particles. In Tx patients,the de-creased HDL-C/apoAI ratio indicates that,along with the decreased apoAI concentration,the HDL-C level is de-creased. However,a low HDL-C/HDL ratio indicates that HDL particles in Tx patients transport lesser content of HDL-C but more triglyceride (TG) (high TG/HDL ratio),and thus are hypercatabolized and removed; therefore,con-centration of HDL particles in serum was decreased. Conclusion:The decrease of HDL-C/apoAI ratio seems to be a good marker of HDL subclass distribution into smaller size particles.
基金Project(Nos.PW 55/09 and DS 41/10) supported by the Department of Laboratory Diagnostics,Medical University of Lublin,Poland
文摘Disturbances in the metabolism of lipoprotein profiles and oxidative stress in hemodialyzed （HD） and post-renal transplant （Tx） patients are proatherogenic, but elevated concentrations of plasma high-density lipoprotein （HDL） reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the concentrations of lipid, lipoprotein, HDL particle, oxidized low-density lipoprotein （ox-LDL） and anti-ox-LDL, and paraoxonase-1 （PON-1） activity in HD （n=33） and Tx （n=71） patients who were non-smokers without active inflammatory disease, liver disease, diabetes, or malignancy. HD patients had moderate hypertriglyceridemia, normocholesterolemia, low HDL-C, apolipoprotein A-I （apoA-I） and HDL particle concentrations as well as PON-1 activity, and increased ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels. Tx patients had hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, moderately decreased HDL-C and HDL particle concentrations and PON-1 activity, and moderately increased ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels as compared to the reference, but ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels and PON-1 activity were more disturbed in HD patients. However, in both patient groups, lipid and lipoprotein ratios （total cholesterol （TC）/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, triglyceride （TG）/HDL-C, HDL-C/non-HDL-C, apoA-I/apoB, HDL-C/apoA-I, TG/HDL） were atherogenic. The Spearman＇s rank coefficient test showed that the concentration of ox-LDL correlated positively with HDL particle level （R=0.363, P=0.004）, and negatively with TC （R=-0.306, P=0.012）, LDL-C （R=-0.283, P=0.020）, and non-HDL-C （R=-0.263, P=0.030） levels in Tx patients. Multiple stepwise forward regression analysis in Tx patients demonstrated that ox-LDL concentration, as an independent variable, was associated significantly positively with HDL particle level. The results indicated that ox-LDL and de- creased PON-1 activity in Tx patients may give rise to more mildly-oxidized HDLs, which are less stable, easily undergo metabolic remodeling, generate a greater number of smaller pre-13-HDL particles, and thus accelerate reverse cholesterol transport, which may be beneficial for Tx patients. Further studies are necessary to confirm this.
基金supported by the Research Council of Finland(#330281 to E.K.L,#350528 to S.W,#341058 to M.L and#357183 to M.A-K)the Finnish Cultural Foundation(#00211177 to S.W)+1 种基金the Sigrid Juselius Foundation(to M.A-K)by the Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research(to M.A-K).
文摘Objectives:This study examined the effects of stepreduction and subsequent step-recovery and exercise rehabilitation on systemic metabolism in older adults.Methods:Participants were 66 eligible participants from the ENDURE randomised controlled trial allocated to an intervention group(n=32;25%male)or control group(n=34;21%male).The intervention group was instructed to limit their daily steps to a maximum of 2000 for two weeks(Period Ⅰ),followed by a four-week exercise rehabilitation program(Period Ⅱ)involving twice-weekly sessions of whole-body resistance and bicycle ergometer-based endurance training.Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline,after Period Ⅰ,and after Period Ⅱ.Systemic metabolism was assessed using high-throughput proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Data were normalised using Box-Cox transformation and analysed with linear mixed-effects models including random intercepts.Results:Period Ⅰ and Period Ⅱ had largely opposing effects on systemic metabolism.For instance,compared to the control group,Period one led to increases in VLDL-phospholipids(0.54 SD,P=0.005),VLDL-cholesterols(0.41 SD,P=0.012)and VLDLtriglycerides(0.79 SD,P=0.002),and decreases in HDLphospholipids(−0.31 SD,P=0.037)andHDL-cholesterols(−0.47 SD,P=0.011),alongside an increase in HDL-triglycerides(0.64 SD,P=0.011).These changes reversed during Period Ⅱ.Glycoprotein acetylation biomarker GlycA levels were unaffected by either intervention.Conclusions:These findings suggest that short-term inactivity does not markedly influence the inflammatory state but adversely affects lipoprotein metabolism and glycolytic pathways;however,these changes are reversible through the resumption of physical activity.
