Cross-linking of silyl-modified polymers occurs at the alkoxysilane groups attached to the ends of polymer chains by hydrolysis and polycondensation mechanisms in the presence of moisture. During these reactions, thre...Cross-linking of silyl-modified polymers occurs at the alkoxysilane groups attached to the ends of polymer chains by hydrolysis and polycondensation mechanisms in the presence of moisture. During these reactions, three different physical states can be identified (viscous, skin effect and cross-linked state). Knowledge of the evolution of these states at each reaction time is essential to determine the open time for the adhe-sive industry and is generally obtained by a manual method. Automation of this moni-toring could avoid operator error and could be used for very long cross linking reac-tions or to screen a large number of catalysts. Thus, a contactless micro process tech-nology was developed to correlate these physical states with an optical technology, Raman spectroscopy, by monitoring the decrease in intensity of the Si-OCH<sub>3</sub> groups during chemical reactions. This online characterization method can also be used to compare the efficiencies of several catalysts for the cross-linking of silyl-modified polymers, using a minimum amount of chemical materials.展开更多
介绍了一种基于AC-link技术的并联谐振高压电源的拓扑电路,该结构结合准谐振的工作模式能够实现高功率因数和高效率;采用了基于状态平面图对并联谐振电路的分析方法,该方法相比传统的基波等效分析法具有求解简单、直观、精确和负载适用...介绍了一种基于AC-link技术的并联谐振高压电源的拓扑电路,该结构结合准谐振的工作模式能够实现高功率因数和高效率;采用了基于状态平面图对并联谐振电路的分析方法,该方法相比传统的基波等效分析法具有求解简单、直观、精确和负载适用范围大的特点,并给出了相应推导过程;给出了输出电压为25 k V,电流为1 A的变换器的分析和谐振参数设计。最后进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,基于高频交流链接并联谐振拓扑和基于状态平面图法的控制能够稳定输出电压(<1%),实现零电流开关,三相输入电流谐波较低(THD<12.5%)与三相电压基本同相位,功率因数为0.99。展开更多
随着电网换相型高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)技术的广泛应用,交直流混联电网的谐波交互问题愈加复杂,建立LCC-HVDC小信号模型是分析换流器交直流谐波耦合特性的重要手段。为此...随着电网换相型高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)技术的广泛应用,交直流混联电网的谐波交互问题愈加复杂,建立LCC-HVDC小信号模型是分析换流器交直流谐波耦合特性的重要手段。为此,基于谐波状态空间理论(harmonic state space, HSS)建立双端12脉动LCC-HVDC小信号模型,不仅考虑了LCC谐波传递特性,还考虑了换流变压器联结方式、控制链路延时等因素的影响。采用模块化思想分别建立各子系统谐波状态空间模型,通过接口矩阵连接为整体,使得LCC的谐波状态空间建模在易于扩展的同时,提高了精确度。最后,给出交直流谐波传递的具体表达式,并通过PSCAD仿真验证模型的准确性。所建模型不仅为后续扩展或接入更为复杂的系统奠定了基础,还可应用于双端LCC系统谐波交互稳定性评估和系统参数优化设计。展开更多
An operational backbone network is connected with many routers and other devices. Identifying faults in the network is very difficult, so a fault localization mechanism is necessary to identify fault and alleviate it ...An operational backbone network is connected with many routers and other devices. Identifying faults in the network is very difficult, so a fault localization mechanism is necessary to identify fault and alleviate it and correct the faults in order to reduce the network performance degradation. A risk model needs to be devised based on the dynamic database by creating alternate path and the network is reconfigured by identifying dynamic paths. In this paper, an on-demand link state routing approach is used for handling failures in IP backbone networks and a localization algorithm is used to improve QOS parameters based on threshold value of gateway. It is proved that on-demand link state routing guarantees loop-free forwarding to reachable destinations regardless of the number of failures in the network, and in case of localization algorithm using modification process packet loss is avoided based on threshold value of gateway. Heuristic algorithm is also used for reconfiguration of dynamic path for effective fault localization. In this paper, in order to change the traffic condition, reconfiguration strategic is dynamically used. Dijikstra’s shortest path algorithm has been used to determine the shortest path between node pairs. Using risk modeling mechanism, a small set of candidate faults is identified. The concept of Fault Localization is used to minimize the fault occurring in the node and sends original path to node pairs. The localization algorithm based on MODIFICATION PROCESS, packet loss is avoided in the network by checking threshold value of gateway. If the threshold value is maximum, router directly forwards the packet to destination through gateway and if the threshold value is minimum, router compresses the packet and forwards the packet to destination with notification via gateway.展开更多
The presence of aflatoxin-producing fungi in foods consumed by humans and animals has often resulted in the health hazards and even death. Aflatoxin contaminations of garri sold in some markets of Benue State, Nigeria...The presence of aflatoxin-producing fungi in foods consumed by humans and animals has often resulted in the health hazards and even death. Aflatoxin contaminations of garri sold in some markets of Benue State, Nigeria, were studied, to ascertain the health implications on the consumers. Sixty garri samples comprising of 30 white garri and 30 yellow garri respectively were studied. The garri samples were ground to a particle size of 250 μm using a sterile blender. The total aflatoxin was extracted using 70% (v/v) methanol. The total aflatoxin concentration was detected and quantified using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay technique. The results showed that overall, 76.67% of the white garri samples and 80% of the yellow garri samples were aflatoxin positive. The total aflatoxin concentration in white garri ranged from 0.3 μg/kg to 2.4 μg/kg and 0.2 to 2.4 μg/kg in yellow garri respectively. The total mean aflatoxin across the States recorded was 2.96 μg/kg in white garri and 3.07 μg/kg in yellow garri. All the aflatoxin-positive garri samples of both the white and yellow garri were within the NAFDAC permissible aflatoxin level. Even though the aflatoxins are within the approved standard consumable limits, the continuous consumption of these doses over a long period of time could lead to the accumulation of these toxins in the body. These may eventually constitute a toxic health challenge.展开更多
By means of the torus knot theory method, this paper presents the complete process of obtaining the knotted pictures of eight GHZ states on the surface of a trivial torus from the knotted pictures of eight basic three...By means of the torus knot theory method, this paper presents the complete process of obtaining the knotted pictures of eight GHZ states on the surface of a trivial torus from the knotted pictures of eight basic three-qubit states on the surface of a trivial torus. Thus, we obtain eight knotted pictures 121 linkage on the ordinary plane.展开更多
文摘Cross-linking of silyl-modified polymers occurs at the alkoxysilane groups attached to the ends of polymer chains by hydrolysis and polycondensation mechanisms in the presence of moisture. During these reactions, three different physical states can be identified (viscous, skin effect and cross-linked state). Knowledge of the evolution of these states at each reaction time is essential to determine the open time for the adhe-sive industry and is generally obtained by a manual method. Automation of this moni-toring could avoid operator error and could be used for very long cross linking reac-tions or to screen a large number of catalysts. Thus, a contactless micro process tech-nology was developed to correlate these physical states with an optical technology, Raman spectroscopy, by monitoring the decrease in intensity of the Si-OCH<sub>3</sub> groups during chemical reactions. This online characterization method can also be used to compare the efficiencies of several catalysts for the cross-linking of silyl-modified polymers, using a minimum amount of chemical materials.
文摘介绍了一种基于AC-link技术的并联谐振高压电源的拓扑电路,该结构结合准谐振的工作模式能够实现高功率因数和高效率;采用了基于状态平面图对并联谐振电路的分析方法,该方法相比传统的基波等效分析法具有求解简单、直观、精确和负载适用范围大的特点,并给出了相应推导过程;给出了输出电压为25 k V,电流为1 A的变换器的分析和谐振参数设计。最后进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,基于高频交流链接并联谐振拓扑和基于状态平面图法的控制能够稳定输出电压(<1%),实现零电流开关,三相输入电流谐波较低(THD<12.5%)与三相电压基本同相位,功率因数为0.99。
文摘随着电网换相型高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)技术的广泛应用,交直流混联电网的谐波交互问题愈加复杂,建立LCC-HVDC小信号模型是分析换流器交直流谐波耦合特性的重要手段。为此,基于谐波状态空间理论(harmonic state space, HSS)建立双端12脉动LCC-HVDC小信号模型,不仅考虑了LCC谐波传递特性,还考虑了换流变压器联结方式、控制链路延时等因素的影响。采用模块化思想分别建立各子系统谐波状态空间模型,通过接口矩阵连接为整体,使得LCC的谐波状态空间建模在易于扩展的同时,提高了精确度。最后,给出交直流谐波传递的具体表达式,并通过PSCAD仿真验证模型的准确性。所建模型不仅为后续扩展或接入更为复杂的系统奠定了基础,还可应用于双端LCC系统谐波交互稳定性评估和系统参数优化设计。
文摘An operational backbone network is connected with many routers and other devices. Identifying faults in the network is very difficult, so a fault localization mechanism is necessary to identify fault and alleviate it and correct the faults in order to reduce the network performance degradation. A risk model needs to be devised based on the dynamic database by creating alternate path and the network is reconfigured by identifying dynamic paths. In this paper, an on-demand link state routing approach is used for handling failures in IP backbone networks and a localization algorithm is used to improve QOS parameters based on threshold value of gateway. It is proved that on-demand link state routing guarantees loop-free forwarding to reachable destinations regardless of the number of failures in the network, and in case of localization algorithm using modification process packet loss is avoided based on threshold value of gateway. Heuristic algorithm is also used for reconfiguration of dynamic path for effective fault localization. In this paper, in order to change the traffic condition, reconfiguration strategic is dynamically used. Dijikstra’s shortest path algorithm has been used to determine the shortest path between node pairs. Using risk modeling mechanism, a small set of candidate faults is identified. The concept of Fault Localization is used to minimize the fault occurring in the node and sends original path to node pairs. The localization algorithm based on MODIFICATION PROCESS, packet loss is avoided in the network by checking threshold value of gateway. If the threshold value is maximum, router directly forwards the packet to destination through gateway and if the threshold value is minimum, router compresses the packet and forwards the packet to destination with notification via gateway.
文摘The presence of aflatoxin-producing fungi in foods consumed by humans and animals has often resulted in the health hazards and even death. Aflatoxin contaminations of garri sold in some markets of Benue State, Nigeria, were studied, to ascertain the health implications on the consumers. Sixty garri samples comprising of 30 white garri and 30 yellow garri respectively were studied. The garri samples were ground to a particle size of 250 μm using a sterile blender. The total aflatoxin was extracted using 70% (v/v) methanol. The total aflatoxin concentration was detected and quantified using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay technique. The results showed that overall, 76.67% of the white garri samples and 80% of the yellow garri samples were aflatoxin positive. The total aflatoxin concentration in white garri ranged from 0.3 μg/kg to 2.4 μg/kg and 0.2 to 2.4 μg/kg in yellow garri respectively. The total mean aflatoxin across the States recorded was 2.96 μg/kg in white garri and 3.07 μg/kg in yellow garri. All the aflatoxin-positive garri samples of both the white and yellow garri were within the NAFDAC permissible aflatoxin level. Even though the aflatoxins are within the approved standard consumable limits, the continuous consumption of these doses over a long period of time could lead to the accumulation of these toxins in the body. These may eventually constitute a toxic health challenge.
文摘By means of the torus knot theory method, this paper presents the complete process of obtaining the knotted pictures of eight GHZ states on the surface of a trivial torus from the knotted pictures of eight basic three-qubit states on the surface of a trivial torus. Thus, we obtain eight knotted pictures 121 linkage on the ordinary plane.
