Urban underlying surface has been greatly changed with rapid urbanization, considered to be one of the major causes for the destruction of urban natural hydrological processes. This has imposed a huge challenge for st...Urban underlying surface has been greatly changed with rapid urbanization, considered to be one of the major causes for the destruction of urban natural hydrological processes. This has imposed a huge challenge for stormwater management in cities. There has been a shift from gray water management to green stormwater management thinking. The green stormwater infrastructure （GSI） is regarded as an effective and cost-efficient stormwater management eco-landscape approach. China＇s GSI practice and the development of its theoretical framework are still in the initial stage. This paper presents an innovative framework for stormwater management, integrating green stormwater infrastructure and landscape security patterns on a regional scale based on an urban master plan. The core concept of green stormwater infrastructure eco-planning is to form an interconnected GSI network （i.e., stormwater management landscape security pattern） which consists of the location, portion, size, layout, and structure of GSI so as to efficiently safeguard natural hydrological processes. Shanghai Lin- gang New City, a satellite new town of Shanghai, China was selected as a case study for GSI studies. Simulation analyses of hydrological processes were carried out to identify the critical significant landscape nodes in the high- priority watersheds for stormwater management. GSI should be planned and implemented in these identified landscape nodes. The comprehensive stormwater manage- ment landscape security pattern of Shanghai Lingang New City is designed with consideration of flood control, stormwater control, runoff reduction, water quality protec- tion, and rainwater utilization objectives which couldprovide guidelines for smart growth and sustainable development of this city.展开更多
【目的】节约用水是保护水资源、维持生态平衡和促进可持续发展的重要措施。在“双碳”目标的指引下,临港新片区大用水户节水效果显著,这对水资源的综合利用和降碳减污方面具有重大意义。【方法】文章以临港新片区8家大用水户(2家汽车...【目的】节约用水是保护水资源、维持生态平衡和促进可持续发展的重要措施。在“双碳”目标的指引下,临港新片区大用水户节水效果显著,这对水资源的综合利用和降碳减污方面具有重大意义。【方法】文章以临港新片区8家大用水户(2家汽车制造企业、4所高校和2家其他企业)为例,根据节水措施和节水量,采用电力消耗碳排放的核算方法分析8家大用水户的减碳效益,并提出碳减排路径。【结果】结果表明,学校4和学校6的节水量分别为263600 m^(3)和24800 m^(3),年减碳量分别为79054.659 kg CO_(2)-eq和21374.643 kg CO_(2)-eq,减碳效率分别为0.300 kg CO_(2)-eq/m^(3)和0.862 CO_(2)-eq/m^(3),优于其他6家大用水户;不同节水措施中,节水器具改造和查漏堵漏的节水量、减碳量和减碳效率较显著;2家汽车制造企业的5种节水措施中,中水回用和废水回用的节水量、减碳量和减碳效率较显著;4所高校的5种节水措施中节水器具改造、查漏堵漏和河道水利用的节水量、减碳量和减碳效率较显著;2家其他企业的3种节水措施中节水器具改造的节水量、减碳量和减碳效率较显著。【结论】综合节水量、减碳量和减碳效率3个指标,在节水措施的选择上,建议大用水户优先开展节水器具改造,严格控制管网漏损,适当开展中水回用、雨水回用和河道水利用;结合碳减排原理和机制,下一步大用水户可从植物增汇角度,实施碳减排策略。展开更多
文摘Urban underlying surface has been greatly changed with rapid urbanization, considered to be one of the major causes for the destruction of urban natural hydrological processes. This has imposed a huge challenge for stormwater management in cities. There has been a shift from gray water management to green stormwater management thinking. The green stormwater infrastructure （GSI） is regarded as an effective and cost-efficient stormwater management eco-landscape approach. China＇s GSI practice and the development of its theoretical framework are still in the initial stage. This paper presents an innovative framework for stormwater management, integrating green stormwater infrastructure and landscape security patterns on a regional scale based on an urban master plan. The core concept of green stormwater infrastructure eco-planning is to form an interconnected GSI network （i.e., stormwater management landscape security pattern） which consists of the location, portion, size, layout, and structure of GSI so as to efficiently safeguard natural hydrological processes. Shanghai Lin- gang New City, a satellite new town of Shanghai, China was selected as a case study for GSI studies. Simulation analyses of hydrological processes were carried out to identify the critical significant landscape nodes in the high- priority watersheds for stormwater management. GSI should be planned and implemented in these identified landscape nodes. The comprehensive stormwater manage- ment landscape security pattern of Shanghai Lingang New City is designed with consideration of flood control, stormwater control, runoff reduction, water quality protec- tion, and rainwater utilization objectives which couldprovide guidelines for smart growth and sustainable development of this city.
文摘【目的】节约用水是保护水资源、维持生态平衡和促进可持续发展的重要措施。在“双碳”目标的指引下,临港新片区大用水户节水效果显著,这对水资源的综合利用和降碳减污方面具有重大意义。【方法】文章以临港新片区8家大用水户(2家汽车制造企业、4所高校和2家其他企业)为例,根据节水措施和节水量,采用电力消耗碳排放的核算方法分析8家大用水户的减碳效益,并提出碳减排路径。【结果】结果表明,学校4和学校6的节水量分别为263600 m^(3)和24800 m^(3),年减碳量分别为79054.659 kg CO_(2)-eq和21374.643 kg CO_(2)-eq,减碳效率分别为0.300 kg CO_(2)-eq/m^(3)和0.862 CO_(2)-eq/m^(3),优于其他6家大用水户;不同节水措施中,节水器具改造和查漏堵漏的节水量、减碳量和减碳效率较显著;2家汽车制造企业的5种节水措施中,中水回用和废水回用的节水量、减碳量和减碳效率较显著;4所高校的5种节水措施中节水器具改造、查漏堵漏和河道水利用的节水量、减碳量和减碳效率较显著;2家其他企业的3种节水措施中节水器具改造的节水量、减碳量和减碳效率较显著。【结论】综合节水量、减碳量和减碳效率3个指标,在节水措施的选择上,建议大用水户优先开展节水器具改造,严格控制管网漏损,适当开展中水回用、雨水回用和河道水利用;结合碳减排原理和机制,下一步大用水户可从植物增汇角度,实施碳减排策略。
