1《The Unbearable Lightness of Being》简介
《The Unbearable Lightness of Being》是捷克作家米兰·昆德拉的作品，发表于1984年。其被我国读者所了解应在1987年韩少功和韩刚合译该书之后。自此，专家学者们对小说又有了一系...1《The Unbearable Lightness of Being》简介
《The Unbearable Lightness of Being》是捷克作家米兰·昆德拉的作品，发表于1984年。其被我国读者所了解应在1987年韩少功和韩刚合译该书之后。自此，专家学者们对小说又有了一系列的重译和解读。本文讨论所使用的是Michael Henry Heim所翻译的英文电子版.展开更多
A perceptual lightness anchoring model based on visual cognition is proposed. It can recover absolute lightness of natural images using filling-in mechanism from single-scale boundaries. First, it adapts the response ...A perceptual lightness anchoring model based on visual cognition is proposed. It can recover absolute lightness of natural images using filling-in mechanism from single-scale boundaries. First, it adapts the response of retinal photoreceptors to varying levels of illumination. Then luminance-correlated contrast information can be obtained through multiplex encoding without additional luminance channel. Dynamic normalization is used to get smooth and continuous boundary contours. Different boundaries are used for ON and OFF channel diffusion layers. Theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the model could recover natural images under varying illumination, and solve the trapping, blurring and fogging problems to some extent.展开更多
This paper proposed a new algorithm to separate leukocytes from cytological image by setting parameters of lightness transformation based on the RGB color space, which can make the targets’ color in different areas. ...This paper proposed a new algorithm to separate leukocytes from cytological image by setting parameters of lightness transformation based on the RGB color space, which can make the targets’ color in different areas. In our procedure, an operator is employed in using color features. According to their histogram distribution of hue component in HSL color space after enhancing the contrast of image in RGB color space, the threshold of segmentation between leukocyte and erythrocyte could be achieved well. Especially, this algorithm is more efficient than monochrome for leukocyte segmentation, and the results of experiments show that it provides a good tool for cytological image, which can increase accuracy of segmentation of leukocyte.展开更多
In recent years,the demand for synchronous acquisition of three-dimensional(3D)shape and col-or texture has surged in fields such as cultural heritage preservation and healthcare.Addressing this need,this paper propos...In recent years,the demand for synchronous acquisition of three-dimensional(3D)shape and col-or texture has surged in fields such as cultural heritage preservation and healthcare.Addressing this need,this paper proposes a novel method for simultaneous 3D shape and color texture capture.First,a linear model correlating camera exposure time with grayscale values is established.Through exposure time calibration,the projected red,green and blue(RGB)light and white-light grayscale values captured by a monochrome cam-era are aligned.Then,three sets of color fringes are projected onto the object to identify optimal pixels for 3D reconstruction.And,three pure-color patterns are projected to synthesize the color texture.Experimental res-ults show that this method effectively achieves synchronous 3D shape and color texture acquisition,offering high speed and precision,and avoids color crosstalk interference common in 3D reconstruction of colored ob-jects using a monochrome camera.展开更多
A series of blue and blue‑green Ir(Ⅲ)complexes has been investigated theoretically to explore their electronic structures,photophysical properties,efficiency roll‑off effect,and thermal activation delayed fluorescenc...A series of blue and blue‑green Ir(Ⅲ)complexes has been investigated theoretically to explore their electronic structures,photophysical properties,efficiency roll‑off effect,and thermal activation delayed fluorescence(TADF)properties.All calculations were performed using density functional theory(DFT)and time‑dependent density functional theory(TDDFT).Calculations for electronic structures,frontier molecular orbital characteristics(which determine the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complexes),and photophysical properties were conducted using the Gaussian 09 software package.The calculation of spin‑orbit coupling matrix elements<T|HSOC|S>,which determine the TADF properties of the complexes,was performed using the ORCA software package.The calculation results show that the auxiliary ligand tetraphenylimidodiphosphinate(tpip),a strong electron‑withdrawing group,can mitigate the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complex.Furthermore,TADF is observed in one of the designed complexes,(F_(3)Phppy)_(2)Ir(tpip),where F_(3)Phppy=2‑[4‑(2,4,6‑trifluorophenyl)phenyl]pyridine.展开更多
Although multicrystalline Si photovoltaics have been extensively studied and applied in the collection of solar energy,the same systems suffer significant efficiency losses in indoor settings,where ambient light condi...Although multicrystalline Si photovoltaics have been extensively studied and applied in the collection of solar energy,the same systems suffer significant efficiency losses in indoor settings,where ambient light conditions are considerably smaller in intensity and possess greater components of non-normal incidence.Yet,indoor light-driven,stand-alone devices can offer sustainable advances in next-generation technologies such as the Internet of Things.Here,we present a non-invasive solution to aid in photovoltaic indoor light collection—radially distributed waveguide-encoded lattice(RDWEL)slim films(thickness 1.5 mm).Embedded with a monotonical radial array of cylindrical waveguides(±20°),the RDWEL demonstrates seamless light collection(FoV(fields of view)=74.5°)and imparts enhancements in JSC(short circuit current density)of 44%and 14%for indoor and outdoor lighting conditions,respectively,when coupled to a photovoltaic device and compared to an unstructured but otherwise identical slim film coating.展开更多
Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic struct...Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic structure light pressure electric generator(Basic-LPEG),which utilized a layered configuration of Ag/Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)(PZT)/Pt/GaAs to generate electricity based on light-induced pressure on the PZT.In this study,we sought to enhance the performance of this Basic-LPEG by introducing Ag nanoparticles/graphene oxide(AgNPs/GO)composite units(NP-LPEG),creating upgraded harvesting device.Specifically,by depositing the AgNPs/GO units twice onto the Basic-LPEG,we observed an increase in output voltage and current from 241 mV and 3.1μA to 310 mV and 9.3μA,respectively,under a solar simulator.The increase in electrical output directly correlated with the intensity of the light pressure impacting the PZT,as well as matched the Raman measurements,finite-difference time-domain simulations,and COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation.Experimental data revealed that the enhancement in electrical output was proportional to the number of hot spots generated between Ag nanoparticles,where the electric field experienced substantial amplification.These results underline the effectiveness of AgNPs/GO units in boosting the light-induced electric generation capacity,thereby providing a promising pathway for high-efficiency energy harvesting devices.展开更多
The Martian core mainly contains iron,nickel and some light elements.However,controversies remain about the structure and chemical composition of the Martian core due to a lack of samples and marsquake data.Recently,t...The Martian core mainly contains iron,nickel and some light elements.However,controversies remain about the structure and chemical composition of the Martian core due to a lack of samples and marsquake data.Recently,the InSight lander collected long-term marsquake data,which improved the Martian interior structure model.B ased on the preliminary analysis of marsquake data,Mars has a molten liquid core with a radius of around 1700 km.As the Martian core has a smaller density and lower temperature than pure iron at corresponding pressure and temperature conditions,some light elements are introduced to reduce the density and liquidus temperature.With various methods for seismic analysis,in-situ high-pressure and high-temperature experiments,and first-principal calculations,the Martian core composition and evolution models have been updated in the past few years.Here,we review those studies on the light elements in the Martian core from four aspects including(1)high-temperature and high-pressure experiments,(2)marsquake data,(3)mineral physics model with molecular dynamics simulations and(4)cosmochemistry investigation.We discussed the effect of different light elements on the Martian core s density,sound velocity and liquidus temperature.Moreover,the review examines the varieties,abundances and forms of light elements in the Martian core.展开更多
UV-B application enhances the aroma quality of oolong tea;however,the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear.This study investigates the regulatory role of UV-B in the biosynthesis of a-farnesene,an important...UV-B application enhances the aroma quality of oolong tea;however,the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear.This study investigates the regulatory role of UV-B in the biosynthesis of a-farnesene,an important floral and fruity characteristic aroma.UV-B treatment significantly improved the aroma quality of‘Foshou’and‘Yuquan’oolong teas,increasing a-farnesene levels by 1.8-and 1.4-fold,respectively.The a-farnesene synthase(CsAFS),ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(CsHY5),and myelocytomatosis protein 2(CsMYC2)exhibited a highly correlated expression pattern closely associated with a-farnesene accumulation.Single-factor treatment revealed that CsAFS expression was induced by both UV-B and mechanical wounding,with CsHY5 predominantly responding to UV-B radiation,while CsMYC2 primarily responded to tumbling-induced mechanical wounding signal.Transient suppression of CsHY5 in tea leaves reduced the expression of both CsAFS and CsMYC2 whereas CsMYC2 suppression decreased CsAFS expression.G-box motifs were identified in promoters of CsMYC2 and CsAFS,and the dual-luciferase reporter assay(LUC)and electrophoretic mobility shift assays(EMSA)demonstrated direct binding functions of CsHY5 to CsAFS and CsMYC2 promoters,as well as CsMYC2 to the CsAFS promoter.Based on sensory evaluation,odourant quantification,gene expression,and molecular functional analysis,we propose that UV-B radiation and tumbling-induced wounding signals synergistically regulate a-farnesene biosynthesis through a coordinated interaction of CsHY5 and CsMYC2 during oolong tea processing.These findings improve our understanding of flavour formation during oolong tea production and also provide novel insights into artificial light application in tea manufacturing.展开更多
Background:The medicinal material known as Os Draconis(Longgu)originates from fossilized remains of ancient mammals and is widely used in treating emotional and mental conditions.However,fossil resources are nonrenewa...Background:The medicinal material known as Os Draconis(Longgu)originates from fossilized remains of ancient mammals and is widely used in treating emotional and mental conditions.However,fossil resources are nonrenewable,and clinical demand is increasingly difficult to meet,leading to a proliferation of counterfeit products.During prolonged geological burial,static pressure from the surrounding strata severely compromises the microstructural integrity of osteons in Os Draconis,but Os Draconis still largely retains the structural features of mammalian bone.Methods:Using verified authentic Os Draconis samples over 10,000 years old as a baseline,this study summarizes the ultrastructural characteristics of genuine Os Draconis.Employing electron probe microanalysis and optical polarized light microscopy,we examined 28 batches of authentic Os Draconis and 31 batches of counterfeits to identify their ultrastructural differences.Key points for ultrastructural identification of Os Draconis were compiled,and a new identification approach was proposed based on these differences.Results:Authentic Os Draconis exhibited distinct ultrastructural markers:irregularly shaped osteons with traversing fissures,deformed/displaced Haversian canals,and secondary mineral infill(predominantly calcium carbonate).Counterfeits showed regular osteon arrangements,absent traversal fissures,and homogeneous hydroxyapatite composition.Lab-simulated samples lacked structural degradation features.EPMA confirmed calcium carbonate infill in fossilized Haversian canals,while elemental profiles differentiated lacunae types(void vs.mineral-packed).Conclusion:The study established ultrastructural criteria for authentic Os Draconis identification:osteon deformation,geological fissures penetrating bone units,and heterogenous mineral deposition.These features,unattainable in counterfeits or modern processed bones,provide a cost-effective,accurate identification method.This approach bridges gaps in TCM material standardization and supports quality control for clinical applications.展开更多
The study of target proteins is crucial for understanding molecular interactions and developing analytical platforms,therapeutic agents and functional tools.Herein,we present a novel nanoplatform activated by near-inf...The study of target proteins is crucial for understanding molecular interactions and developing analytical platforms,therapeutic agents and functional tools.Herein,we present a novel nanoplatform activated by near-infrared(NIR) light for triple-modal proteins study,which enabling target protein labeling,enrichment and visualization.Azido-naphthalimide-coated upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs) serve as NIR light-responsive nanoplatforms,showing promising applications in studying interactions between various bioactive molecules and proteins in living systems.Under NIR light irradiation,azido-naphthalimides are activated by ultraviolet(UV) and blue light emitted from UCNPs and the resulting amino-naphthalimides intermediate not only crosslink nearby target proteins but also enable imaging performance.We demonstrate that this nanoplatform is capable of selective protein labeling and imaging in complex protein environments,achieving specific labeling and imaging of both intracellular and extracellular proteins in mammalian cells as well as bacteria.Furthermore,in vivo protein labeling has been achieved using this novel NIR light-activatable nanoplatform.This technique will open new avenues for discoveries and mechanistic interrogation in chemical biology.展开更多
Cellulose frameworks have emerged as promising materials for light management due to their exceptional light-scattering capabilities and sustainable nature.Conventional biomass-derived cellulose frameworks face a fund...Cellulose frameworks have emerged as promising materials for light management due to their exceptional light-scattering capabilities and sustainable nature.Conventional biomass-derived cellulose frameworks face a fundamental trade-off between haze and transparency,coupled with impractical thicknesses(≥1 mm).Inspired by squid’s skin-peeling mechanism,this work develops a peroxyformic acid(HCOOOH)-enabled precision peeling strategy to isolate intact 10-μm-thick bamboo green(BG)frameworks—100×thinner than wood-based counterparts while achieving an unprecedented optical performance(88%haze with 80%transparency).This performance surpasses delignified biomass(transparency<40%at 1 mm)and matches engineered cellulose composites,yet requires no energy-intensive nanofibrillation.The preserved native cellulose I crystalline structure(64.76%crystallinity)and wax-coated uniaxial fibril alignment(Hermans factor:0.23)contribute to high mechanical strength(903 MPa modulus)and broadband light scattering.As a light-management layer in polycrystalline silicon solar cells,the BG framework boosts photoelectric conversion efficiency by 0.41%absolute(18.74%→19.15%),outperforming synthetic anti-reflective coatings.The work establishes a scalable,waste-to-wealth route for optical-grade cellulose materials in next-generation optoelectronics.展开更多
Reliable detection of traffic signs and lights(TSLs)at long range and under varying illumination is essen-tial for improving the perception and safety of autonomous driving systems(ADS).Traditional object detection mo...Reliable detection of traffic signs and lights(TSLs)at long range and under varying illumination is essen-tial for improving the perception and safety of autonomous driving systems(ADS).Traditional object detection models often exhibit significant performance degradation in real-world environments characterized by high dynamic range and complex lighting conditions.To overcome these limitations,this research presents FED-YOLOv10s,an improved and lightweight object detection framework based on You Only look Once v10(YOLOv10).The proposed model integrates a C2f-Faster block derived from FasterNet to reduce parameters and floating-point operations,an Efficient Multiscale Attention(EMA)mechanism to improve TSL-invariant feature extraction,and a deformable Convolution Networks v4(DCNv4)module to enhance multiscale spatial adaptability.Experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed architecture achieves an optimal balance between computational efficiency and detection accuracy,attaining an F1-score of 91.8%,and mAP@0.5 of 95.1%,while reducing parameters to 8.13 million.Comparative analyses across multiple traffic sign detection benchmarks demonstrate that FED-YOLOv10s outperforms state-of-the-art models in precision,recall,and mAP.These results highlight FED-YOLOv10s as a robust,efficient,and deployable solution for intelligent traffic perception in ADS.展开更多
To address the challenges of high-precision optical surface defect detection,we propose a novel design for a wide-field and broadband light field camera in this work.The proposed system can achieve a 50°field of ...To address the challenges of high-precision optical surface defect detection,we propose a novel design for a wide-field and broadband light field camera in this work.The proposed system can achieve a 50°field of view and operates at both visible and near-infrared wavelengths.Using the principles of light field imaging,the proposed design enables 3D reconstruction of optical surfaces,thus enabling vertical surface height measurements with enhanced accuracy.Using Zemax-based simulations,we evaluate the system’s modulation transfer function,its optical aberrations,and its tolerance to shape variations through Zernike coefficient adjustments.The results demonstrate that this camera can achieve the required spatial resolution while also maintaining high imaging quality and thus offers a promising solution for advanced optical surface defect inspection.展开更多
Plants encounter dynamic light environments in natural field conditions,and species differ in their physiological and biochemical mechanisms for acclimating to fluctuating light(FL).The manner in which soybean(Glycine...Plants encounter dynamic light environments in natural field conditions,and species differ in their physiological and biochemical mechanisms for acclimating to fluctuating light(FL).The manner in which soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) coordinates multiple physiological adjustments to FL remains poorly understood.This study assessed the effects of FL on soybean morphology and photosynthetic traits by examining changes in photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll(Chl) a fluorescence under alternating high-and low-light conditions.Results indicated that soybeans exposed to FL exhibited reduced dry matter accumulation,smaller and thinner leaves,and a lower Chl a/Chl b levels-characteristics typically associated with plants grown under continuous low-light.Despite these morphological similarities,their photosynthetic gas exchange rates and photosynthetic capacity were maintained at levels comparable to those under steady high light,unlike plants grown under constant low-light.Thus,acclimation to FL is distinct from adaptation to sustained low-light conditions.Correlation analyses revealed that the decline in carbon assimilation under FL primarily stemmed from two factors:the slow recovery of stomatal conductance upon transition to high light and the delayed relaxation of nonphotochemical quenching when light intensity decreased.Therefore,the reduction in carbon assimilation under FL cannot be attributed to low-light phase adjustments but rather reflects a lag in photosynthetic responsiveness to changing light conditions.展开更多
Traditional mining in open pit mines often uses explosives,leading to environmental hazards,with flyrock being a critical issue.In detail,excess flying rock beyond the designated explosion area was identified as the p...Traditional mining in open pit mines often uses explosives,leading to environmental hazards,with flyrock being a critical issue.In detail,excess flying rock beyond the designated explosion area was identified as the primary cause of fatal and non-fatal blasting hazards in open pit mining.Therefore,the accurate and reliable prediction of flyrock becomes crucial for effectively managing and mitigating associated problems.This study used the Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM)model to predict flyrock in a lead-zinc mine,with promising results.To improve its accuracy,multi-verse optimizer(MVO)and ant lion optimizer(ALO)metaheuristic algorithms were introduced.Results showed MVO-LightGBM outperformed conventional LightGBM.Additionally,decision tree(DT),support vector machine(SVM),and classification and regression tree(CART)models were trained and compared with MVO-LightGBM.The MVO-LightGBM model excelled over DT,SVM,and CART.This study highlights MVO-LightGBM's effectiveness and potential for broader applications.Furthermore,a multiple parametric sensitivity analysis(MPSA)algorithm was employed to specify the sensitivity of parameters.MPSA results indicated that the highest and lowest sensitivities are relevant to blasted rock per hole and spacing with theγ=1752.12 andγ=49.52,respectively.展开更多
Coordinating light and nitrogen(N)distribution within a canopy is essential for improving rice yield and resource use efficiency.However,limited research has examined light and N distribution in response to planting d...Coordinating light and nitrogen(N)distribution within a canopy is essential for improving rice yield and resource use efficiency.However,limited research has examined light and N distribution in response to planting density and N rate,and their relationships with grain yield,radiation use efficiency(RUE),and N use efficiency for grain production(NUEg)in rice.A two-year field experiment was conducted with two hybrid varieties under three N levels,0 kg ha^(-1)(N1),90 kg ha^(-1)(N2)and 180 kg ha^(-1)(N3),and two planting densities,22.2 hills m-2(D1)and 33.3 hills m^(-2)(D2).Results showed 3.4%higher yield and 4.4%higher NUEg under N2D2 compared with N3D1.The extinction coefficient for N(K_(N))and light(K_(L))and their ratio(K_(N)/K_(L))at heading stage were significantly influenced by N rate,planting density,and their interaction.K_(N)decreased with the increase of N input or planting density.Compared to N1,K_(N)decreased by 43.5 and 58.8%under N2 and N3,respectively,while K_(N)under D2 decreased by 16.0%compared to D1.Higher K_(L)and K_(N)/K_(L)values occurred under low N rates,with opposite trends under high N rates.Increased planting density led to decreased K_(L)and K_(N)/K_(L)values.N2D2 demonstrated higher K_(L)and K_(N),and thus comparable K_(N)/K_(L),compared to N3D1.Correlation analysis revealed K_(L)negatively correlated with RUE,while K_(N)and K_(N)/K_(L)positively correlated with NUEg.These findings indicate that increasing planting density under reduced N input could maintain rice yield while enhancing resource use efficiency through regulation of canopy light and N distribution.展开更多
Designing materials with both structural load-bearing capacity and broadband electromagnetic(EM)wave absorption properties remains a significant challenge.In this work,SiOC/SiC/SiO_(2)composite with gyroid structures ...Designing materials with both structural load-bearing capacity and broadband electromagnetic(EM)wave absorption properties remains a significant challenge.In this work,SiOC/SiC/SiO_(2)composite with gyroid structures were prepared through digital light processing(DLP)3D printing,polymer-derived ceramics(PDCs),chemical vapor infiltration(CVI),and oxidation technologies.The incorporation of the CVISiC phase effectively increases the dissipation capability,while the synergistic interaction between the gyroid structure and SiO_(2)phase significantly improves impedance matching performance.The SiOC/SiC/SiO_(2)composite achieved a minimum reflection loss(RL min)of-62.2 d B at 4.3 mm,and the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)covered the X-band,with a thickness range of 4.1 mm-4.65 mm.The CST simulation results explain the broadband and low-frequency absorption characteristics,with an EAB of 8.4 GHz(9.6-18 GHz)and an RL min of-21.5 dB at 5 GHz.The excellent EM wave attenuation performance is associated primarily with polarization loss,conduction loss,the gyroid structure's enhancement of multiple reflections and scattering of EM waves,and the resonance effect between the structural units.The SiOC/SiC/SiO_(2)composite also demonstrated strong mechanical properties,with a maximum compressive failure strength of 31.6 MPa in the height direction.This work opens novel prospects for the development of multifunctional structural wave-absorbing materials suitable for broadband microwave absorption and load-bearing properties.展开更多
The Neogene Shawan Formation in the Chepaizi Uplift of the Junggar Basin(NW China)has obtained high oil flow,demonstrating a good potential for oil and gas exploration.The multi-source hydrocarbon generation backgroun...The Neogene Shawan Formation in the Chepaizi Uplift of the Junggar Basin(NW China)has obtained high oil flow,demonstrating a good potential for oil and gas exploration.The multi-source hydrocarbon generation background and strong tectonic activity have led to the simultaneous production of heavy oil and light oil from multi-layer in the area,which makes it very difficult to identify oil origins,presently,the hot debate on the oil origins needs to be clarified.In this paper,due to the selective consumption of different types of compounds in crude oils by severe and intense biodegradation,the commonly used oilsource correlation tools are ineffective or may produce misleading results,this study adopted a biomarker recovery method based on the principle of mass conservation that uses the sum of the mass of the residual biomarkers and their corresponding biodegradation products to obtain the mass of the original biomarkers,improving the reliability of oil origins determination.Based on the nature and occurrence of crude oils,the investigated oils are subdivided into three types,Group A,Group B and Group C.Group A,light oils occurred mainly in lower structure Neogene Shawan Formation in the western Chepaizi Uplift,while Group B,heavy oils occurred mainly in higher structure Neogene Shawan Formation in the western Chepaizi Uplift.The two types of crude oils may come from the mixed source of Jurassic Badaowan Formation source rocks(J_(1)b)and Paleogene Anjihaihe Formation source rocks(E_(2-3)a)in the Sikeshu Sag,and Jurassic Badaowan Formation source rocks(J_(1)b)are the main source of crude oils.Group C,heavy oils occurred mainly in Neogene Shawan Formation in the eastern Chepaizi Uplift,showing good correlation with the Permian(P_(1)f and P_(2)w)source rocks in the Shawan Sag.At the same time,by combining stable carbon isotope and parameters related to triaromatic steroids,the accuracy of the oilsource correlation results by biomarker recovery method was further verified.展开更多
文摘1《The Unbearable Lightness of Being》简介
《The Unbearable Lightness of Being》是捷克作家米兰·昆德拉的作品，发表于1984年。其被我国读者所了解应在1987年韩少功和韩刚合译该书之后。自此，专家学者们对小说又有了一系列的重译和解读。本文讨论所使用的是Michael Henry Heim所翻译的英文电子版.
文摘A perceptual lightness anchoring model based on visual cognition is proposed. It can recover absolute lightness of natural images using filling-in mechanism from single-scale boundaries. First, it adapts the response of retinal photoreceptors to varying levels of illumination. Then luminance-correlated contrast information can be obtained through multiplex encoding without additional luminance channel. Dynamic normalization is used to get smooth and continuous boundary contours. Different boundaries are used for ON and OFF channel diffusion layers. Theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the model could recover natural images under varying illumination, and solve the trapping, blurring and fogging problems to some extent.
文摘This paper proposed a new algorithm to separate leukocytes from cytological image by setting parameters of lightness transformation based on the RGB color space, which can make the targets’ color in different areas. In our procedure, an operator is employed in using color features. According to their histogram distribution of hue component in HSL color space after enhancing the contrast of image in RGB color space, the threshold of segmentation between leukocyte and erythrocyte could be achieved well. Especially, this algorithm is more efficient than monochrome for leukocyte segmentation, and the results of experiments show that it provides a good tool for cytological image, which can increase accuracy of segmentation of leukocyte.
文摘In recent years,the demand for synchronous acquisition of three-dimensional(3D)shape and col-or texture has surged in fields such as cultural heritage preservation and healthcare.Addressing this need,this paper proposes a novel method for simultaneous 3D shape and color texture capture.First,a linear model correlating camera exposure time with grayscale values is established.Through exposure time calibration,the projected red,green and blue(RGB)light and white-light grayscale values captured by a monochrome cam-era are aligned.Then,three sets of color fringes are projected onto the object to identify optimal pixels for 3D reconstruction.And,three pure-color patterns are projected to synthesize the color texture.Experimental res-ults show that this method effectively achieves synchronous 3D shape and color texture acquisition,offering high speed and precision,and avoids color crosstalk interference common in 3D reconstruction of colored ob-jects using a monochrome camera.
文摘A series of blue and blue‑green Ir(Ⅲ)complexes has been investigated theoretically to explore their electronic structures,photophysical properties,efficiency roll‑off effect,and thermal activation delayed fluorescence(TADF)properties.All calculations were performed using density functional theory(DFT)and time‑dependent density functional theory(TDDFT).Calculations for electronic structures,frontier molecular orbital characteristics(which determine the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complexes),and photophysical properties were conducted using the Gaussian 09 software package.The calculation of spin‑orbit coupling matrix elements<T|HSOC|S>,which determine the TADF properties of the complexes,was performed using the ORCA software package.The calculation results show that the auxiliary ligand tetraphenylimidodiphosphinate(tpip),a strong electron‑withdrawing group,can mitigate the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complex.Furthermore,TADF is observed in one of the designed complexes,(F_(3)Phppy)_(2)Ir(tpip),where F_(3)Phppy=2‑[4‑(2,4,6‑trifluorophenyl)phenyl]pyridine.
基金supported by the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme(Grant Agreement No.818762)the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(Grant No.EP/V048953/1)and the Isaac Newton Trust(grant 22.39(m))。
文摘Although multicrystalline Si photovoltaics have been extensively studied and applied in the collection of solar energy,the same systems suffer significant efficiency losses in indoor settings,where ambient light conditions are considerably smaller in intensity and possess greater components of non-normal incidence.Yet,indoor light-driven,stand-alone devices can offer sustainable advances in next-generation technologies such as the Internet of Things.Here,we present a non-invasive solution to aid in photovoltaic indoor light collection—radially distributed waveguide-encoded lattice(RDWEL)slim films(thickness 1.5 mm).Embedded with a monotonical radial array of cylindrical waveguides(±20°),the RDWEL demonstrates seamless light collection(FoV(fields of view)=74.5°)and imparts enhancements in JSC(short circuit current density)of 44%and 14%for indoor and outdoor lighting conditions,respectively,when coupled to a photovoltaic device and compared to an unstructured but otherwise identical slim film coating.
基金supported by Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology(KEIT)grant funded by the Korea Government(MOTIE)(RS-2022-00154720,Technology Innovation Program Development of next-generation power semiconductor based on Si-on-SiC structure)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)by the Korea government(RS-2023-NR076826)Global-Learning&Academic Research Institution for Master's·PhD students,and Postdocs(LAMP)Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)by the Ministry of Education(No.RS-2024-00443714).
文摘Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic structure light pressure electric generator(Basic-LPEG),which utilized a layered configuration of Ag/Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)(PZT)/Pt/GaAs to generate electricity based on light-induced pressure on the PZT.In this study,we sought to enhance the performance of this Basic-LPEG by introducing Ag nanoparticles/graphene oxide(AgNPs/GO)composite units(NP-LPEG),creating upgraded harvesting device.Specifically,by depositing the AgNPs/GO units twice onto the Basic-LPEG,we observed an increase in output voltage and current from 241 mV and 3.1μA to 310 mV and 9.3μA,respectively,under a solar simulator.The increase in electrical output directly correlated with the intensity of the light pressure impacting the PZT,as well as matched the Raman measurements,finite-difference time-domain simulations,and COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation.Experimental data revealed that the enhancement in electrical output was proportional to the number of hot spots generated between Ag nanoparticles,where the electric field experienced substantial amplification.These results underline the effectiveness of AgNPs/GO units in boosting the light-induced electric generation capacity,thereby providing a promising pathway for high-efficiency energy harvesting devices.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.42120104005)Guizhou Provincial 2021 Science and Technology Subsidies(grant no.GZ2021SIG)+1 种基金Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(grant nos.ZK[2024]087GCC[2023]060)。
文摘The Martian core mainly contains iron,nickel and some light elements.However,controversies remain about the structure and chemical composition of the Martian core due to a lack of samples and marsquake data.Recently,the InSight lander collected long-term marsquake data,which improved the Martian interior structure model.B ased on the preliminary analysis of marsquake data,Mars has a molten liquid core with a radius of around 1700 km.As the Martian core has a smaller density and lower temperature than pure iron at corresponding pressure and temperature conditions,some light elements are introduced to reduce the density and liquidus temperature.With various methods for seismic analysis,in-situ high-pressure and high-temperature experiments,and first-principal calculations,the Martian core composition and evolution models have been updated in the past few years.Here,we review those studies on the light elements in the Martian core from four aspects including(1)high-temperature and high-pressure experiments,(2)marsquake data,(3)mineral physics model with molecular dynamics simulations and(4)cosmochemistry investigation.We discussed the effect of different light elements on the Martian core s density,sound velocity and liquidus temperature.Moreover,the review examines the varieties,abundances and forms of light elements in the Martian core.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32072623)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFD1601103).
文摘UV-B application enhances the aroma quality of oolong tea;however,the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear.This study investigates the regulatory role of UV-B in the biosynthesis of a-farnesene,an important floral and fruity characteristic aroma.UV-B treatment significantly improved the aroma quality of‘Foshou’and‘Yuquan’oolong teas,increasing a-farnesene levels by 1.8-and 1.4-fold,respectively.The a-farnesene synthase(CsAFS),ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(CsHY5),and myelocytomatosis protein 2(CsMYC2)exhibited a highly correlated expression pattern closely associated with a-farnesene accumulation.Single-factor treatment revealed that CsAFS expression was induced by both UV-B and mechanical wounding,with CsHY5 predominantly responding to UV-B radiation,while CsMYC2 primarily responded to tumbling-induced mechanical wounding signal.Transient suppression of CsHY5 in tea leaves reduced the expression of both CsAFS and CsMYC2 whereas CsMYC2 suppression decreased CsAFS expression.G-box motifs were identified in promoters of CsMYC2 and CsAFS,and the dual-luciferase reporter assay(LUC)and electrophoretic mobility shift assays(EMSA)demonstrated direct binding functions of CsHY5 to CsAFS and CsMYC2 promoters,as well as CsMYC2 to the CsAFS promoter.Based on sensory evaluation,odourant quantification,gene expression,and molecular functional analysis,we propose that UV-B radiation and tumbling-induced wounding signals synergistically regulate a-farnesene biosynthesis through a coordinated interaction of CsHY5 and CsMYC2 during oolong tea processing.These findings improve our understanding of flavour formation during oolong tea production and also provide novel insights into artificial light application in tea manufacturing.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2021A04013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82204610)+1 种基金the Qihang Talent Program(L2022046)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(ZZ15-YQ-041 and L2021029).
文摘Background:The medicinal material known as Os Draconis(Longgu)originates from fossilized remains of ancient mammals and is widely used in treating emotional and mental conditions.However,fossil resources are nonrenewable,and clinical demand is increasingly difficult to meet,leading to a proliferation of counterfeit products.During prolonged geological burial,static pressure from the surrounding strata severely compromises the microstructural integrity of osteons in Os Draconis,but Os Draconis still largely retains the structural features of mammalian bone.Methods:Using verified authentic Os Draconis samples over 10,000 years old as a baseline,this study summarizes the ultrastructural characteristics of genuine Os Draconis.Employing electron probe microanalysis and optical polarized light microscopy,we examined 28 batches of authentic Os Draconis and 31 batches of counterfeits to identify their ultrastructural differences.Key points for ultrastructural identification of Os Draconis were compiled,and a new identification approach was proposed based on these differences.Results:Authentic Os Draconis exhibited distinct ultrastructural markers:irregularly shaped osteons with traversing fissures,deformed/displaced Haversian canals,and secondary mineral infill(predominantly calcium carbonate).Counterfeits showed regular osteon arrangements,absent traversal fissures,and homogeneous hydroxyapatite composition.Lab-simulated samples lacked structural degradation features.EPMA confirmed calcium carbonate infill in fossilized Haversian canals,while elemental profiles differentiated lacunae types(void vs.mineral-packed).Conclusion:The study established ultrastructural criteria for authentic Os Draconis identification:osteon deformation,geological fissures penetrating bone units,and heterogenous mineral deposition.These features,unattainable in counterfeits or modern processed bones,provide a cost-effective,accurate identification method.This approach bridges gaps in TCM material standardization and supports quality control for clinical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22007008)the LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program (No.XLYC1907021)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos.DUT23YG120,DUT19RC(3)009)。
文摘The study of target proteins is crucial for understanding molecular interactions and developing analytical platforms,therapeutic agents and functional tools.Herein,we present a novel nanoplatform activated by near-infrared(NIR) light for triple-modal proteins study,which enabling target protein labeling,enrichment and visualization.Azido-naphthalimide-coated upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs) serve as NIR light-responsive nanoplatforms,showing promising applications in studying interactions between various bioactive molecules and proteins in living systems.Under NIR light irradiation,azido-naphthalimides are activated by ultraviolet(UV) and blue light emitted from UCNPs and the resulting amino-naphthalimides intermediate not only crosslink nearby target proteins but also enable imaging performance.We demonstrate that this nanoplatform is capable of selective protein labeling and imaging in complex protein environments,achieving specific labeling and imaging of both intracellular and extracellular proteins in mammalian cells as well as bacteria.Furthermore,in vivo protein labeling has been achieved using this novel NIR light-activatable nanoplatform.This technique will open new avenues for discoveries and mechanistic interrogation in chemical biology.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32494793).
文摘Cellulose frameworks have emerged as promising materials for light management due to their exceptional light-scattering capabilities and sustainable nature.Conventional biomass-derived cellulose frameworks face a fundamental trade-off between haze and transparency,coupled with impractical thicknesses(≥1 mm).Inspired by squid’s skin-peeling mechanism,this work develops a peroxyformic acid(HCOOOH)-enabled precision peeling strategy to isolate intact 10-μm-thick bamboo green(BG)frameworks—100×thinner than wood-based counterparts while achieving an unprecedented optical performance(88%haze with 80%transparency).This performance surpasses delignified biomass(transparency<40%at 1 mm)and matches engineered cellulose composites,yet requires no energy-intensive nanofibrillation.The preserved native cellulose I crystalline structure(64.76%crystallinity)and wax-coated uniaxial fibril alignment(Hermans factor:0.23)contribute to high mechanical strength(903 MPa modulus)and broadband light scattering.As a light-management layer in polycrystalline silicon solar cells,the BG framework boosts photoelectric conversion efficiency by 0.41%absolute(18.74%→19.15%),outperforming synthetic anti-reflective coatings.The work establishes a scalable,waste-to-wealth route for optical-grade cellulose materials in next-generation optoelectronics.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,Saudi Arabia under Grant No.IPP:172-830-2025.
文摘Reliable detection of traffic signs and lights(TSLs)at long range and under varying illumination is essen-tial for improving the perception and safety of autonomous driving systems(ADS).Traditional object detection models often exhibit significant performance degradation in real-world environments characterized by high dynamic range and complex lighting conditions.To overcome these limitations,this research presents FED-YOLOv10s,an improved and lightweight object detection framework based on You Only look Once v10(YOLOv10).The proposed model integrates a C2f-Faster block derived from FasterNet to reduce parameters and floating-point operations,an Efficient Multiscale Attention(EMA)mechanism to improve TSL-invariant feature extraction,and a deformable Convolution Networks v4(DCNv4)module to enhance multiscale spatial adaptability.Experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed architecture achieves an optimal balance between computational efficiency and detection accuracy,attaining an F1-score of 91.8%,and mAP@0.5 of 95.1%,while reducing parameters to 8.13 million.Comparative analyses across multiple traffic sign detection benchmarks demonstrate that FED-YOLOv10s outperforms state-of-the-art models in precision,recall,and mAP.These results highlight FED-YOLOv10s as a robust,efficient,and deployable solution for intelligent traffic perception in ADS.
基金supported by the Jilin Science and Technology Development Plan (20240101029JJ) for the following study:synchronized high-speed detection of surface shape and defects in the grinding stage of complex surfaces (KLMSZZ202305)for the high-precision wide dynamic large aperture optical inspection system for fine astronomical observation by the National Major Research Instrument Development Project (62127901)+2 种基金for ultrasmooth manufacturing technology of large diameter complex curved surface by the National Key R&D Program(2022YFB3403405)for research on the key technology of rapid synchronous detection of surface shape and subsurface defects in the grinding stage of large diameter complex surfaces by the International Cooperation Project(2025010157)The Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (2022KLOMT02-04) also supported this study
文摘To address the challenges of high-precision optical surface defect detection,we propose a novel design for a wide-field and broadband light field camera in this work.The proposed system can achieve a 50°field of view and operates at both visible and near-infrared wavelengths.Using the principles of light field imaging,the proposed design enables 3D reconstruction of optical surfaces,thus enabling vertical surface height measurements with enhanced accuracy.Using Zemax-based simulations,we evaluate the system’s modulation transfer function,its optical aberrations,and its tolerance to shape variations through Zernike coefficient adjustments.The results demonstrate that this camera can achieve the required spatial resolution while also maintaining high imaging quality and thus offers a promising solution for advanced optical surface defect inspection.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFF1001504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071963)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD2300902)the Guangxi Key Research and Development Program of China (GuikeAB23026107)the Chengdu Science and Technology Project,China (2023-YF08-00003-SN)。
文摘Plants encounter dynamic light environments in natural field conditions,and species differ in their physiological and biochemical mechanisms for acclimating to fluctuating light(FL).The manner in which soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) coordinates multiple physiological adjustments to FL remains poorly understood.This study assessed the effects of FL on soybean morphology and photosynthetic traits by examining changes in photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll(Chl) a fluorescence under alternating high-and low-light conditions.Results indicated that soybeans exposed to FL exhibited reduced dry matter accumulation,smaller and thinner leaves,and a lower Chl a/Chl b levels-characteristics typically associated with plants grown under continuous low-light.Despite these morphological similarities,their photosynthetic gas exchange rates and photosynthetic capacity were maintained at levels comparable to those under steady high light,unlike plants grown under constant low-light.Thus,acclimation to FL is distinct from adaptation to sustained low-light conditions.Correlation analyses revealed that the decline in carbon assimilation under FL primarily stemmed from two factors:the slow recovery of stomatal conductance upon transition to high light and the delayed relaxation of nonphotochemical quenching when light intensity decreased.Therefore,the reduction in carbon assimilation under FL cannot be attributed to low-light phase adjustments but rather reflects a lag in photosynthetic responsiveness to changing light conditions.
基金funded by the Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space,Ministry of Natural Resources of China(Grant No.BHKF2022Y02)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2024A1515011162)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.ZR2024QE021).
文摘Traditional mining in open pit mines often uses explosives,leading to environmental hazards,with flyrock being a critical issue.In detail,excess flying rock beyond the designated explosion area was identified as the primary cause of fatal and non-fatal blasting hazards in open pit mining.Therefore,the accurate and reliable prediction of flyrock becomes crucial for effectively managing and mitigating associated problems.This study used the Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM)model to predict flyrock in a lead-zinc mine,with promising results.To improve its accuracy,multi-verse optimizer(MVO)and ant lion optimizer(ALO)metaheuristic algorithms were introduced.Results showed MVO-LightGBM outperformed conventional LightGBM.Additionally,decision tree(DT),support vector machine(SVM),and classification and regression tree(CART)models were trained and compared with MVO-LightGBM.The MVO-LightGBM model excelled over DT,SVM,and CART.This study highlights MVO-LightGBM's effectiveness and potential for broader applications.Furthermore,a multiple parametric sensitivity analysis(MPSA)algorithm was employed to specify the sensitivity of parameters.MPSA results indicated that the highest and lowest sensitivities are relevant to blasted rock per hole and spacing with theγ=1752.12 andγ=49.52,respectively.
基金supported by the Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Project,China(2025CSA039)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001467)。
文摘Coordinating light and nitrogen(N)distribution within a canopy is essential for improving rice yield and resource use efficiency.However,limited research has examined light and N distribution in response to planting density and N rate,and their relationships with grain yield,radiation use efficiency(RUE),and N use efficiency for grain production(NUEg)in rice.A two-year field experiment was conducted with two hybrid varieties under three N levels,0 kg ha^(-1)(N1),90 kg ha^(-1)(N2)and 180 kg ha^(-1)(N3),and two planting densities,22.2 hills m-2(D1)and 33.3 hills m^(-2)(D2).Results showed 3.4%higher yield and 4.4%higher NUEg under N2D2 compared with N3D1.The extinction coefficient for N(K_(N))and light(K_(L))and their ratio(K_(N)/K_(L))at heading stage were significantly influenced by N rate,planting density,and their interaction.K_(N)decreased with the increase of N input or planting density.Compared to N1,K_(N)decreased by 43.5 and 58.8%under N2 and N3,respectively,while K_(N)under D2 decreased by 16.0%compared to D1.Higher K_(L)and K_(N)/K_(L)values occurred under low N rates,with opposite trends under high N rates.Increased planting density led to decreased K_(L)and K_(N)/K_(L)values.N2D2 demonstrated higher K_(L)and K_(N),and thus comparable K_(N)/K_(L),compared to N3D1.Correlation analysis revealed K_(L)negatively correlated with RUE,while K_(N)and K_(N)/K_(L)positively correlated with NUEg.These findings indicate that increasing planting density under reduced N input could maintain rice yield while enhancing resource use efficiency through regulation of canopy light and N distribution.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12141203,52202083,W2421013)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2024JC-YBMS-450)+1 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2024YFHZ0265)the Open Project of High-end Equipment Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technology Laboratory(Grant No.2023KFKT0005)。
文摘Designing materials with both structural load-bearing capacity and broadband electromagnetic(EM)wave absorption properties remains a significant challenge.In this work,SiOC/SiC/SiO_(2)composite with gyroid structures were prepared through digital light processing(DLP)3D printing,polymer-derived ceramics(PDCs),chemical vapor infiltration(CVI),and oxidation technologies.The incorporation of the CVISiC phase effectively increases the dissipation capability,while the synergistic interaction between the gyroid structure and SiO_(2)phase significantly improves impedance matching performance.The SiOC/SiC/SiO_(2)composite achieved a minimum reflection loss(RL min)of-62.2 d B at 4.3 mm,and the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)covered the X-band,with a thickness range of 4.1 mm-4.65 mm.The CST simulation results explain the broadband and low-frequency absorption characteristics,with an EAB of 8.4 GHz(9.6-18 GHz)and an RL min of-21.5 dB at 5 GHz.The excellent EM wave attenuation performance is associated primarily with polarization loss,conduction loss,the gyroid structure's enhancement of multiple reflections and scattering of EM waves,and the resonance effect between the structural units.The SiOC/SiC/SiO_(2)composite also demonstrated strong mechanical properties,with a maximum compressive failure strength of 31.6 MPa in the height direction.This work opens novel prospects for the development of multifunctional structural wave-absorbing materials suitable for broadband microwave absorption and load-bearing properties.
基金co-funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42372160,42072172)。
文摘The Neogene Shawan Formation in the Chepaizi Uplift of the Junggar Basin(NW China)has obtained high oil flow,demonstrating a good potential for oil and gas exploration.The multi-source hydrocarbon generation background and strong tectonic activity have led to the simultaneous production of heavy oil and light oil from multi-layer in the area,which makes it very difficult to identify oil origins,presently,the hot debate on the oil origins needs to be clarified.In this paper,due to the selective consumption of different types of compounds in crude oils by severe and intense biodegradation,the commonly used oilsource correlation tools are ineffective or may produce misleading results,this study adopted a biomarker recovery method based on the principle of mass conservation that uses the sum of the mass of the residual biomarkers and their corresponding biodegradation products to obtain the mass of the original biomarkers,improving the reliability of oil origins determination.Based on the nature and occurrence of crude oils,the investigated oils are subdivided into three types,Group A,Group B and Group C.Group A,light oils occurred mainly in lower structure Neogene Shawan Formation in the western Chepaizi Uplift,while Group B,heavy oils occurred mainly in higher structure Neogene Shawan Formation in the western Chepaizi Uplift.The two types of crude oils may come from the mixed source of Jurassic Badaowan Formation source rocks(J_(1)b)and Paleogene Anjihaihe Formation source rocks(E_(2-3)a)in the Sikeshu Sag,and Jurassic Badaowan Formation source rocks(J_(1)b)are the main source of crude oils.Group C,heavy oils occurred mainly in Neogene Shawan Formation in the eastern Chepaizi Uplift,showing good correlation with the Permian(P_(1)f and P_(2)w)source rocks in the Shawan Sag.At the same time,by combining stable carbon isotope and parameters related to triaromatic steroids,the accuracy of the oilsource correlation results by biomarker recovery method was further verified.
