The high mortality rates of colon and rectal tumors have put forward an urgent need for rapid, sensitive, and accurate diagnosis. The polarization imaging technology, with the advantages of noninvasiveness, noncontact...The high mortality rates of colon and rectal tumors have put forward an urgent need for rapid, sensitive, and accurate diagnosis. The polarization imaging technology, with the advantages of noninvasiveness, noncontact, quantification, rapidity, and high sensitivity, is expected to be used for auxiliary diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Herein, the differences in colorectal tissues of four pathological types were studied using this powerful technology. Polarized light imaging combined with the Mueller matrix decomposition (MMPD) method was applied to extract structural features that may be related to colorectal tumors. It demonstrated that parameters δ and θ could reflect the structural differences of colorectal tumors. Preliminary simulated experiment results revealed that the parameter δ was related to the fiber density, and the parameter θ was related to the fiber angle. Then Tamura image texture analysis was used to quantitatively describe tissues of different pathological types, and the results showed that the coarseness, contrast, directionality, and roughness of the four groups were statistically different. Texture analysis based on the quantitative data of the four dimensions could be applied for the identification of benign and malignant colorectal tumors.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of external application of warm meridian medicated wine and polarized light therapy combined with acupuncture on pain management following vertebroplasty. METHODS:A total of 120 patie...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of external application of warm meridian medicated wine and polarized light therapy combined with acupuncture on pain management following vertebroplasty. METHODS:A total of 120 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by vertebroplasty at our hospital were divided into four groups. The control group received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the Treatment Group Ⅰ received acupuncture alone, Treatment Group Ⅱ was treated with medicated wine for warming meridians alongside polarized light physiotherapy, and Treatment Group Ⅲ received a combination of medicated wine for warming meridians, polarized light therapy, and acupuncture. The clinical efficacy, pain thresholds at various time points, temperature pain threshold, electric pain threshold, quality of life, sleep quality index, lumbar dysfunction index, visual analog scale(VAS) scores, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared and analyzed across the four groups. RESULTS:The total clinical effective rate in Treatment Group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ(P < 0.05). At 24 and 72 h post-treatment, the VAS scores, temperature pain thresholds, and electric pain thresholds in Treatment Group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ(P < 0.05). Additionally, quality-of-life scores in Treatment Group Ⅲ were markedly higher compared to the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ, while the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, Oswestry Disability Index scores, and incidence of adverse reactions in Treatment Group Ⅲ were significantly lower than in the other groups(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:The external application of warm meridian medicated wine and polarized light therapy combined with acupuncture significantly reduces postoperative pain following vertebroplasty, enhances lumbar function, and improves both sleep quality and overall quality of life for patients. This approach is recommended for clinical application.展开更多
2D Ruddlesden-Popper(RP)polar perovskite,displaying the intrinsic optical anisotropy and structural polarity,has a fantastic application perspective in self-powered polarized light detection.However,the weak van der W...2D Ruddlesden-Popper(RP)polar perovskite,displaying the intrinsic optical anisotropy and structural polarity,has a fantastic application perspective in self-powered polarized light detection.However,the weak van der Waals interaction between the organic spacing bilayers is insufficient to preserve the stability of RP-type materials.Hence,it is of great significance to explore new stable 2D RP-phase candidates.In this work,we have successfully constructed a highly-stable polar 2D perovskite,(t-ACH)_(2)PbI_(4)(1,where t-ACH^(+)is HOOC_(8)H_(12)NH_(3)^(+)),by adopting a hydrophobic carboxylate trans-isomer of tranexamic acid as the spacing component.Strikingly,strong O-H…O hydrogen bonds between t-ACH^(+)organic bilayers compose the dimer,thus decreasing van der Waals gap and enhancing structural stability.Besides,such orientational hydrogen bonds contribute to the formation of structural polarity and generate an obvious bulk photovoltaic effect in 1,which facilitates its self-powered photodetection.As predicted,the combination of inherent anisotropy and polarity leads to self-powered polarized-light detection with a high ratio of around∼5.3,superior to those of inorganic 2D counterparts.This work paves a potential way to design highly-stable 2D perovskites for high-performance optoelectronic devices.展开更多
Due to its broken out-of-plane symmetry,z-cut periodically poled lithium niobate(PPLN)has exhibited ultrahigh second-order optical nonlinearity.Precise quantification of the domain structure of z-cut PPLN plays a crit...Due to its broken out-of-plane symmetry,z-cut periodically poled lithium niobate(PPLN)has exhibited ultrahigh second-order optical nonlinearity.Precise quantification of the domain structure of z-cut PPLN plays a critical role during poling fabrication.To enhance the imaging detection efficiency of the domain structure in z-cut PPLN,we have developed a second-harmonic generation microscope system specifically designed to produce a longitudinal electric field in foci for the imaging domain inversion.We demonstrated that imaging using a longitudinal electric field can achieve a contrast ratio enhancement by a factor of 1.77,showing high imaging efficiency and making the proposed method suitable for in situ monitoring of the z-cut PPLN poling process.展开更多
Dielectric microspheres can confine light in a three-dimensional （3D） region called photonic nanojet is shown when they are illuminated by different polarized beams. The influence of incident light polarization on p...Dielectric microspheres can confine light in a three-dimensional （3D） region called photonic nanojet is shown when they are illuminated by different polarized beams. The influence of incident light polarization on photonic nanojet using the finite-difference time-domain （FDTD） method is demostrated. The axial field intensity profiles of photonic nanojets for both the linear and circular polarization incident beams are very similar. Azimuthal polarization incident beam induces a doughnut beam along the optical axis, while the radial polarization incident beam permits one to reach an effective volume as small as 0.7（λ/n）3.展开更多
Qualification of polarization can be realized either on a macroscopic scale as an average property by P-E hysteresis measurements or on a nano/micro scale by piezoelectric force microscopy,transmission electron micros...Qualification of polarization can be realized either on a macroscopic scale as an average property by P-E hysteresis measurements or on a nano/micro scale by piezoelectric force microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and so on.However,visualization and qualification of polarization distribution in the micron to millimeter scale is still a challenge.Polarizing light microscopy(PLM)is often used in the study of ferroelectric domain structures mainly for domain patterns.A phe-nomenon called“chromatic polarization”has been observed in transparent ferroelectric crystals by using a crossed-PLM system viewed with white light,which contains rich information about local polariza-tion distribution.In this study,an automatic full-angle light intensity detection(AFALID)algorithm com-bined with colorimetry is developed to analyze the distribution of nonuniform local spontaneous polar-ization distribution in transparent ferroelectric single crystals.Temperature-dependent spontaneous po-larizations from the color analysis for PMN-0.36PT single crystals with single tetragonal domain state are in good coincidence with those extracted from temperature-dependent hysteresis loops and pyroelectric current measurements.We further apply this method to quantify the nonuniform domain distributions with nano-indentations.This non-contact and non-destructive characterization can provide fast and au-tomatic detection of polarization distributions in ferroelectric materials.展开更多
We investigate the chiral edge states-induced Josephson current–phase relation in a graphene-based Josephson junction modulated by the off-resonant circularly polarized light and the staggered sublattice potential.By...We investigate the chiral edge states-induced Josephson current–phase relation in a graphene-based Josephson junction modulated by the off-resonant circularly polarized light and the staggered sublattice potential.By solving the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equation,a φ_(0) Josephson junction is induced in the coaction of the off-resonant circularly polarized light and the staggered sublattice potential,which arises from the fact that the center of-mass wave vector of Cooper pair becomes finite and the opposite center of-mass wave vector to compensate is lacking in the nonsuperconducting region.Interestingly,when the direction of polarization of light is changed,-φ_(0) to φ_(0) transition generates,which generalizes the concept of traditional 0–πtransition.Our findings provide a purely optical way to manipulate a phase-controllable Josephson device and guidelines for future experiments to confirm the presence of graphene-based φ_(0)Josephson junction.展开更多
A novel polarization splitter based on photonic crystal fibers(PCFs) with three cores of high birefringence is proposed.The 45o linearly polarized light is launched into a core.After a coupling length(about 1500 μm),...A novel polarization splitter based on photonic crystal fibers(PCFs) with three cores of high birefringence is proposed.The 45o linearly polarized light is launched into a core.After a coupling length(about 1500 μm),the xand y-polarized light beams are separated into different cores.When the light is launched into another core,the xand y-polarized light from different cores can be obtained and the degree of separation can be also adjusted.The polarization splitter is highly flexible and adjustable.The length of the polarization splitter is about 1500 μm which is just the coupling length.So it has appreciate significance of manufacturing mini-type photonic apparatus in integrated optics.展开更多
Recent advances in bionic optical materials(BOMs)are systematically reviewed,emphasizing bioinspired strategies derived from natural models such as plant epidermis,aquatic organisms,avian plumage,and insect photonic a...Recent advances in bionic optical materials(BOMs)are systematically reviewed,emphasizing bioinspired strategies derived from natural models such as plant epidermis,aquatic organisms,avian plumage,and insect photonic architectures(e.g.,butterfly wings and inverse opal structures).These biological systems exhibit so-phisticated light manipulation mechanisms,including absorption,scattering,and structural coloration,which have guided the design of novel extinction materials with tunable optical properties.By mimicking hierarchical structures and dynamic light-regulation principles,researchers have developed BOMs exhibiting exceptional broadband extinction performance.Notably,applications in optical sensing and imaging systems are critically discussed,highlighting their role in enhancing camera sensitivity and adaptive optical sensor design.Furthermore,this review identifies emerging trends in nanofabrication,machine learning-assisted optimization,and biohybrid material systems.The integration of cross-disciplinary approaches is projected to accelerate the development of multifunctional BOMs,paving the way for breakthroughs in adaptive optics,environmental monitoring,and intelligent photonic devices.In the future,the integration of BOMs and distributed fiber optic sensing technology is expected to realize the whole-life optical monitoring of pile foundation structural health,and promote the development of geotechnical engineering in the direction of intelligence and high precision.展开更多
Background:The medicinal material known as Os Draconis(Longgu)originates from fossilized remains of ancient mammals and is widely used in treating emotional and mental conditions.However,fossil resources are nonrenewa...Background:The medicinal material known as Os Draconis(Longgu)originates from fossilized remains of ancient mammals and is widely used in treating emotional and mental conditions.However,fossil resources are nonrenewable,and clinical demand is increasingly difficult to meet,leading to a proliferation of counterfeit products.During prolonged geological burial,static pressure from the surrounding strata severely compromises the microstructural integrity of osteons in Os Draconis,but Os Draconis still largely retains the structural features of mammalian bone.Methods:Using verified authentic Os Draconis samples over 10,000 years old as a baseline,this study summarizes the ultrastructural characteristics of genuine Os Draconis.Employing electron probe microanalysis and optical polarized light microscopy,we examined 28 batches of authentic Os Draconis and 31 batches of counterfeits to identify their ultrastructural differences.Key points for ultrastructural identification of Os Draconis were compiled,and a new identification approach was proposed based on these differences.Results:Authentic Os Draconis exhibited distinct ultrastructural markers:irregularly shaped osteons with traversing fissures,deformed/displaced Haversian canals,and secondary mineral infill(predominantly calcium carbonate).Counterfeits showed regular osteon arrangements,absent traversal fissures,and homogeneous hydroxyapatite composition.Lab-simulated samples lacked structural degradation features.EPMA confirmed calcium carbonate infill in fossilized Haversian canals,while elemental profiles differentiated lacunae types(void vs.mineral-packed).Conclusion:The study established ultrastructural criteria for authentic Os Draconis identification:osteon deformation,geological fissures penetrating bone units,and heterogenous mineral deposition.These features,unattainable in counterfeits or modern processed bones,provide a cost-effective,accurate identification method.This approach bridges gaps in TCM material standardization and supports quality control for clinical applications.展开更多
A reconfigurable metasurface based on optical control provides a control paradigm for integrating multiple functions at the same aperture,which effectively expands the freedom of control.However,the traditional light ...A reconfigurable metasurface based on optical control provides a control paradigm for integrating multiple functions at the same aperture,which effectively expands the freedom of control.However,the traditional light control method requires the light source to directly illuminate the photosensitive device,which forces the metasurface to be placed only according to the light emitter position,and even to need to be integrated on the light emitter,limiting the application scenarios of light-controlled reconfigurable metasurfaces.In this work,a light control method based on optical fiber is proposed,which guides and controls the light propagation path through optical fiber.The metasurface can be flexibly deployed,breaking through the limitation of physical space.As a verification,photoresistors are embedded in the metasurface,and the active device is directly excited by the light source as a driving signal to realize the switching of a polarization conversion function.The experimental results show that the optical-fiber-controlled metasurface can achieve linear-to-linear polarization conversion in the light environment and linear-to-circular polarization conversion in the dark environment.This work paves a new way,to our knowledge,to achieve a light-controlled metasurface,which enriches the family of intelligent metasurfaces and has great potential in many fields.展开更多
Airborne microplastics(MPs)are important pollutants that have been present in the environment for many years and are characterized by their universality,persistence,and potential toxicity.This study investigated the e...Airborne microplastics(MPs)are important pollutants that have been present in the environment for many years and are characterized by their universality,persistence,and potential toxicity.This study investigated the effects of terrestrial and marine transport of MPs in the atmosphere of a coastal city and compared the difference between daytime and nighttime.Laser direct infrared imaging(LDIR)and polarized light microscopy were used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of MPs,including number concentration,chemical types,shape,and size.Backward trajectories were used to distinguish the air masses from marine and terrestrial transport.Twenty chemical types were detected by LDIR,with rubber(16.7%)and phenol-formaldehyde resin(PFR;14.8%)being major components.Three main morphological types of MPs were identified,and fragments(78.1%)are the dominant type.MPs in the atmosphere were concentrated in the small particle size segment(20-50μm).The concentration of MPs in the air mass from marine transport was 14.7 items/m^(3)-lower than that from terrestrial transport(32.0 items/m^(3)).The number concentration of airborne MPs was negatively correlated with relative humidity.MPs from terrestrial transport were mainly rubber(20.2%),while those from marine transport were mainly PFR(18%).MPs in the marine transport air mass were more aged and had a lower number concentration than those in the terrestrial transport air mass.The number concentration of airborne MPs is higher during the day than at night.These findings could contribute to the development of targeted control measures and methods to reduce MP pollution.展开更多
This study investigated the effects of polarized and spectral light interactions on locust polarotaxic behavior and elucidated the regulatory mechanisms of polarized and spectral lights.Locust visual response effect w...This study investigated the effects of polarized and spectral light interactions on locust polarotaxic behavior and elucidated the regulatory mechanisms of polarized and spectral lights.Locust visual response effect was investigated using a combined light source system comprising linear detection polarization violet light with various spectrum lights and a response device to explore the interaction mechanism of polarized and spectral lights on locust visual sensitivity characteristics and the specific sensitivity of locust phototaxis and polartaxis.Results indicated that the polarized vector sensitivity of locusts was related to combined light intensity,showing high visual response sensitivity at 0°and 180°under 1000 lx,whereas under rated illumination(150 mW/cm^(2)),the coupled spectrum attributes induced changes in the locusts’sensitive vectors.UV,violet,and blue lights enhanced the sensitivity at 90°and 270°,and green and orange lights did so at 0°and 180°.Moreover,UV and violet lights enhanced the aggregation and trend sensitivity at 210°and 30°,blue,green and orange lights induced high sensitivity at 0°and 180°.Under increasing illumination,the enhanced effect of light intensity on aggregation sensitivity under blue,green,and orange spectra and on trend sensitivity under orange spectra at 90°and 270°were highly pronounced because of the interaction between heterogeneous spectrum illumination and linear detection polarization vector illumination.Meanwhile,the spectral attribute determined the locust visual response effect,which was affected by the linear detection polarization vector.When illumination increased to rated illumination,coupled light intensity induced a specific vector sensitivity related to optical distance,showing the strongest response sensitivity to 180°under orange spectra and the strongest aggregation and trend sensitivity to 210°under violet spectra due to the interplay of polarization degree,coupling light intensity,and specific vision sensitivity caused by partially polarized light.Then,the locust visual response effect was improved by utilizing the enhancement effect of polarized violet light coupled with violet light at a close range and the inductive effect of polarized violet light coupled with orange light at a long distance,which provide theoretical support for understanding locust polarotactic orientation mechanisms,facilitate the development of polarization induced light sources for attracting locusts.展开更多
For decades,chiral nanomaterials have been extensively studied because of their extraordinary properties.Chiral nanostructures have attracted a lot of interest because of their potential applications including biosens...For decades,chiral nanomaterials have been extensively studied because of their extraordinary properties.Chiral nanostructures have attracted a lot of interest because of their potential applications including biosensing,asymmetric catalysis,optical devices,and negative index materials.Circularly polarized light(CPL)is the most attractive source for chirality owing to its high availability,and now it has been used as a chiral source for the preparation of chiral matter.In this review,the recent progress in the field of CPL-enabled chiral nanomaterials is summarized.Firstly,the recent advancements in the fabrication of chiral materials using circularly polarized light are described,focusing on the unique strategies.Secondly,an overview of the potential applications of chiral nanomaterials driven by CPL is provided,with a particular emphasis on biosensing,catalysis,and phototherapy.Finally,a perspective on the challenges in the field of CPL-enabled chiral nanomaterials is given.展开更多
Circularly polarized light(CPL)has been given great attention because of its extensive application.While several devices for CPL detection have been studied,their performance is affected by the magnitude of photocurre...Circularly polarized light(CPL)has been given great attention because of its extensive application.While several devices for CPL detection have been studied,their performance is affected by the magnitude of photocurrent.In this paper,a self-powered photodetector based on hot electrons in chiral metamaterials is proposed and optimized.CPL can be distinguished by the direction of photocurrent without external bias owing to the interdigital electrodes with asymmetric chiral metamaterials.Distinguished by the direction of photocurrent,the device can easily detect the rotation direction of the CPL electric field,even if it only has a very weak responsivity.The responsivity of the proposed detector is near 1.9 mA/W at the wavelength of 1322 nm,which is enough to distinguish CPL.The detector we proposed has the potential for application in optical communication.展开更多
Based on the vector diffraction theory, a super-resolution longitudinally polarized optical needle with ultra-long depth of focus(DOF) is generated by tightly focusing a radially polarized beam that is modulated by a ...Based on the vector diffraction theory, a super-resolution longitudinally polarized optical needle with ultra-long depth of focus(DOF) is generated by tightly focusing a radially polarized beam that is modulated by a self-designed ternary hybrid(phase/amplitude) filter(THF). Both the phase and the amplitude patterns of THF are judiciously optimized by the versatile particle swarm optimization(PSO) searching algorithm. For the focusing configuration with a combination of a high numerical aperture(NA) and the optimized sine-shaped THFs, an optical needle with the full width at half maximum(FWHM) of 0.414λ and the DOF of 7.58λ is accessed, which corresponds to an aspect ratio of 18.3. The demonstrated longitudinally polarized super-resolution light needle with high aspect ratio opens up broad applications in high-density optical data storage, nano-photolithography, super-resolution imaging and high-efficiency particle trapping.展开更多
Sensory drive, the concept that sensory systems primarily evolve under the influence of environmen tal features and that animal signals are evolutionarily shaped and tuned by these previously existing sensory systems,...Sensory drive, the concept that sensory systems primarily evolve under the influence of environmen tal features and that animal signals are evolutionarily shaped and tuned by these previously existing sensory systems, has been thoroughly studied regarding visual signals across many animals. Much of this work has focused on spectral aspects of vision and signals. Here, I review work on polarized light signals of animals and relate these to what is known of polarization visual systems, polarized light aspects of visual scenes, and polarizationrelated behavior （e.g., orientation, habitatfinding, contrast enhancement）. Other than the broad patterns of scattered polarized light in the sky, most po larization in both terrestrial and aquatic environments results from either reflection or scattering in the horizontal plane. With overhead illumination, horizontal features such as the surfaces of many leaves or of air： water interfaces reflect horizontal polarization, and water scatters horizontally polar ized light under most conditions. Several animal species have been demonstrated to use horizontally polarized light fields or features in critical aspects of their biology. Significantly, most biological sig nals are also horizontally polarized. Here, I present relevant polarizationrelated behavior and discuss the hypothesis that sensory drive has evolutionarily influenced the structure of polarization signals. The paper also considers the evolutionary origin of circular polarization vision and circularly polar ized signals. It appears that this class of signals did not evolve under the influence of sensory drive. The study of signals based on polarized light is becoming a mature field of research.展开更多
In recent years, the bionic polarized light compass has been widely studied for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. However, it is found from the obtained investigation results that a polarized light compass with ...In recent years, the bionic polarized light compass has been widely studied for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. However, it is found from the obtained investigation results that a polarized light compass with a sensitive and high dynamic range polarimeter still provides inferior output precision of the heading angle due to the presence of the noise generating from the compass.The noise is existed not only in the angle of the polarization image acquired by polarimeters but also in the output heading data, which leads to a sharp reduction in the accuracy of a polarized light compass. Herein, we present noise analysis and a novel multiscale transform denoising method of a polarized light compass used for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. Specifically, a multiscale principle component analysis utilizing one-dimensional image entropy as classification criterion is directly implemented to suppress the noise in the acquired polarization image. Subsequently, a multiscale time–frequency peak filtering method using the sample entropy as classification criterion is applied for the output heading data so as to further increase the heading measurement accuracy from the denoised image above. These two approaches are combined to significantly reduce the heading error affected by different types of noises. Our experimental results indicate the proposed multiscale transform denoising method exhibits high performance in suppressing the noise of a polarized light compass used for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation compared to existing prior arts.展开更多
We theoretically study the spin transport through a two-terminal quantum dot device under the influence of a symmetric spin bias and circularly polarized light. It is found that the combination of the circularly polar...We theoretically study the spin transport through a two-terminal quantum dot device under the influence of a symmetric spin bias and circularly polarized light. It is found that the combination of the circularly polarized light and the applied spin bias can result in a net charge current. The resultant charge current is large enough to be measured when properly choosing the system parameters. The resultant charge current can be used to deduce the spin bias due to the fact that there exists a simple linear relation between them. When the external circuit is open, a charge bias instead of a charge current can be induced, which is also measurable by present technologies. These findings indicate a new approach to detect the spin bias by using circularly polarized light.展开更多
Circularly polarized light(CPL)is an inherently chiral entity and is regarded as one of the possible deterministic signals that led to the evolution of homochirality in earth.Thus,CPL as an external physical field has...Circularly polarized light(CPL)is an inherently chiral entity and is regarded as one of the possible deterministic signals that led to the evolution of homochirality in earth.Thus,CPL as an external physical field has been widely used in a technique known as absolute asymmetric synthesis,because a product enriched in one enantiomer is formed from racemic precursor molecules without the intervention of a chiral catalyst.In this review,we retrospect the historical research of CPL-induced absolute asymmetric synthesis,including chiral organic molecules,helical polymers,supramolecular assemblies,noble metal nanostructures.However,based on these results,we concluded that the chiral photon-matter interaction is very faint due to the arrangement of molecular bonds giving rise to chiral features,is over a smaller distance than the helical pitch of CPL,leading extremely small enantiomeric excess for product.Therefore,we highlight the recently emerged technology called superchiral field,in which the superchiral far-field and near-field could enhance the dissymmetry of optical field and near-field,respectively.In sum,we hope this review could bring some enlightenment to researchers and further improve the enantioselectivity of CPL-induced absolute asymmetric synthesis.展开更多
文摘The high mortality rates of colon and rectal tumors have put forward an urgent need for rapid, sensitive, and accurate diagnosis. The polarization imaging technology, with the advantages of noninvasiveness, noncontact, quantification, rapidity, and high sensitivity, is expected to be used for auxiliary diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Herein, the differences in colorectal tissues of four pathological types were studied using this powerful technology. Polarized light imaging combined with the Mueller matrix decomposition (MMPD) method was applied to extract structural features that may be related to colorectal tumors. It demonstrated that parameters δ and θ could reflect the structural differences of colorectal tumors. Preliminary simulated experiment results revealed that the parameter δ was related to the fiber density, and the parameter θ was related to the fiber angle. Then Tamura image texture analysis was used to quantitatively describe tissues of different pathological types, and the results showed that the coarseness, contrast, directionality, and roughness of the four groups were statistically different. Texture analysis based on the quantitative data of the four dimensions could be applied for the identification of benign and malignant colorectal tumors.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of external application of warm meridian medicated wine and polarized light therapy combined with acupuncture on pain management following vertebroplasty. METHODS:A total of 120 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by vertebroplasty at our hospital were divided into four groups. The control group received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the Treatment Group Ⅰ received acupuncture alone, Treatment Group Ⅱ was treated with medicated wine for warming meridians alongside polarized light physiotherapy, and Treatment Group Ⅲ received a combination of medicated wine for warming meridians, polarized light therapy, and acupuncture. The clinical efficacy, pain thresholds at various time points, temperature pain threshold, electric pain threshold, quality of life, sleep quality index, lumbar dysfunction index, visual analog scale(VAS) scores, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared and analyzed across the four groups. RESULTS:The total clinical effective rate in Treatment Group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ(P < 0.05). At 24 and 72 h post-treatment, the VAS scores, temperature pain thresholds, and electric pain thresholds in Treatment Group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ(P < 0.05). Additionally, quality-of-life scores in Treatment Group Ⅲ were markedly higher compared to the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ, while the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, Oswestry Disability Index scores, and incidence of adverse reactions in Treatment Group Ⅲ were significantly lower than in the other groups(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:The external application of warm meridian medicated wine and polarized light therapy combined with acupuncture significantly reduces postoperative pain following vertebroplasty, enhances lumbar function, and improves both sleep quality and overall quality of life for patients. This approach is recommended for clinical application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.22125110,U23A2094,22205233,22193042,21921001,22305248 and U21A2069)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2023J02028)+3 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.ZDBS-LY-SLH024)Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(No.2021ZR126)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0210402)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2022TQ0337 and 2023M733497).
文摘2D Ruddlesden-Popper(RP)polar perovskite,displaying the intrinsic optical anisotropy and structural polarity,has a fantastic application perspective in self-powered polarized light detection.However,the weak van der Waals interaction between the organic spacing bilayers is insufficient to preserve the stability of RP-type materials.Hence,it is of great significance to explore new stable 2D RP-phase candidates.In this work,we have successfully constructed a highly-stable polar 2D perovskite,(t-ACH)_(2)PbI_(4)(1,where t-ACH^(+)is HOOC_(8)H_(12)NH_(3)^(+)),by adopting a hydrophobic carboxylate trans-isomer of tranexamic acid as the spacing component.Strikingly,strong O-H…O hydrogen bonds between t-ACH^(+)organic bilayers compose the dimer,thus decreasing van der Waals gap and enhancing structural stability.Besides,such orientational hydrogen bonds contribute to the formation of structural polarity and generate an obvious bulk photovoltaic effect in 1,which facilitates its self-powered photodetection.As predicted,the combination of inherent anisotropy and polarity leads to self-powered polarized-light detection with a high ratio of around∼5.3,superior to those of inorganic 2D counterparts.This work paves a potential way to design highly-stable 2D perovskites for high-performance optoelectronic devices.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFC3401100 and 2022YFF0712500)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2020B0301030009)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12204017,12004012,12004013,12041602,91750203,91850111,and 92150301)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M680220 and 2020M680230)the Clinical Medicine Plus X-Young Scholars Project,Peking University,Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Due to its broken out-of-plane symmetry,z-cut periodically poled lithium niobate(PPLN)has exhibited ultrahigh second-order optical nonlinearity.Precise quantification of the domain structure of z-cut PPLN plays a critical role during poling fabrication.To enhance the imaging detection efficiency of the domain structure in z-cut PPLN,we have developed a second-harmonic generation microscope system specifically designed to produce a longitudinal electric field in foci for the imaging domain inversion.We demonstrated that imaging using a longitudinal electric field can achieve a contrast ratio enhancement by a factor of 1.77,showing high imaging efficiency and making the proposed method suitable for in situ monitoring of the z-cut PPLN poling process.
基金supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 60978037and 60878057
文摘Dielectric microspheres can confine light in a three-dimensional （3D） region called photonic nanojet is shown when they are illuminated by different polarized beams. The influence of incident light polarization on photonic nanojet using the finite-difference time-domain （FDTD） method is demostrated. The axial field intensity profiles of photonic nanojets for both the linear and circular polarization incident beams are very similar. Azimuthal polarization incident beam induces a doughnut beam along the optical axis, while the radial polarization incident beam permits one to reach an effective volume as small as 0.7（λ/n）3.
基金This work is financially supported by the National Key Re-search and Development Program of China(No.2021YFF0501001)the Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LH2020A006)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory for In-telligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education NJ2022002(No.INMD-2022M08).
文摘Qualification of polarization can be realized either on a macroscopic scale as an average property by P-E hysteresis measurements or on a nano/micro scale by piezoelectric force microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and so on.However,visualization and qualification of polarization distribution in the micron to millimeter scale is still a challenge.Polarizing light microscopy(PLM)is often used in the study of ferroelectric domain structures mainly for domain patterns.A phe-nomenon called“chromatic polarization”has been observed in transparent ferroelectric crystals by using a crossed-PLM system viewed with white light,which contains rich information about local polariza-tion distribution.In this study,an automatic full-angle light intensity detection(AFALID)algorithm com-bined with colorimetry is developed to analyze the distribution of nonuniform local spontaneous polar-ization distribution in transparent ferroelectric single crystals.Temperature-dependent spontaneous po-larizations from the color analysis for PMN-0.36PT single crystals with single tetragonal domain state are in good coincidence with those extracted from temperature-dependent hysteresis loops and pyroelectric current measurements.We further apply this method to quantify the nonuniform domain distributions with nano-indentations.This non-contact and non-destructive characterization can provide fast and au-tomatic detection of polarization distributions in ferroelectric materials.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12104232,11805103,and 11804167)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant Nos.BK20190137 and BK20180739)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.020414380195 and B230201042)the Jit-b Project(Grant No.201831)the Natural Science Fund of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Grant No.NY222163)。
文摘We investigate the chiral edge states-induced Josephson current–phase relation in a graphene-based Josephson junction modulated by the off-resonant circularly polarized light and the staggered sublattice potential.By solving the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equation,a φ_(0) Josephson junction is induced in the coaction of the off-resonant circularly polarized light and the staggered sublattice potential,which arises from the fact that the center of-mass wave vector of Cooper pair becomes finite and the opposite center of-mass wave vector to compensate is lacking in the nonsuperconducting region.Interestingly,when the direction of polarization of light is changed,-φ_(0) to φ_(0) transition generates,which generalizes the concept of traditional 0–πtransition.Our findings provide a purely optical way to manipulate a phase-controllable Josephson device and guidelines for future experiments to confirm the presence of graphene-based φ_(0)Josephson junction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60637010)
文摘A novel polarization splitter based on photonic crystal fibers(PCFs) with three cores of high birefringence is proposed.The 45o linearly polarized light is launched into a core.After a coupling length(about 1500 μm),the xand y-polarized light beams are separated into different cores.When the light is launched into another core,the xand y-polarized light from different cores can be obtained and the degree of separation can be also adjusted.The polarization splitter is highly flexible and adjustable.The length of the polarization splitter is about 1500 μm which is just the coupling length.So it has appreciate significance of manufacturing mini-type photonic apparatus in integrated optics.
基金the financial support provided by Graduate Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of Chongqing,China(CYB22007,CYS22005)Projects(No.2020CDJXZ001)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities+1 种基金the Technology Innovation and Application Development Special Project of Chongqing(Z20211350 and z20211351)Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Ecological Environment Bureau(No.CQEE2022-STHBZZ118).
文摘Recent advances in bionic optical materials(BOMs)are systematically reviewed,emphasizing bioinspired strategies derived from natural models such as plant epidermis,aquatic organisms,avian plumage,and insect photonic architectures(e.g.,butterfly wings and inverse opal structures).These biological systems exhibit so-phisticated light manipulation mechanisms,including absorption,scattering,and structural coloration,which have guided the design of novel extinction materials with tunable optical properties.By mimicking hierarchical structures and dynamic light-regulation principles,researchers have developed BOMs exhibiting exceptional broadband extinction performance.Notably,applications in optical sensing and imaging systems are critically discussed,highlighting their role in enhancing camera sensitivity and adaptive optical sensor design.Furthermore,this review identifies emerging trends in nanofabrication,machine learning-assisted optimization,and biohybrid material systems.The integration of cross-disciplinary approaches is projected to accelerate the development of multifunctional BOMs,paving the way for breakthroughs in adaptive optics,environmental monitoring,and intelligent photonic devices.In the future,the integration of BOMs and distributed fiber optic sensing technology is expected to realize the whole-life optical monitoring of pile foundation structural health,and promote the development of geotechnical engineering in the direction of intelligence and high precision.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2021A04013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82204610)+1 种基金the Qihang Talent Program(L2022046)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(ZZ15-YQ-041 and L2021029).
文摘Background:The medicinal material known as Os Draconis(Longgu)originates from fossilized remains of ancient mammals and is widely used in treating emotional and mental conditions.However,fossil resources are nonrenewable,and clinical demand is increasingly difficult to meet,leading to a proliferation of counterfeit products.During prolonged geological burial,static pressure from the surrounding strata severely compromises the microstructural integrity of osteons in Os Draconis,but Os Draconis still largely retains the structural features of mammalian bone.Methods:Using verified authentic Os Draconis samples over 10,000 years old as a baseline,this study summarizes the ultrastructural characteristics of genuine Os Draconis.Employing electron probe microanalysis and optical polarized light microscopy,we examined 28 batches of authentic Os Draconis and 31 batches of counterfeits to identify their ultrastructural differences.Key points for ultrastructural identification of Os Draconis were compiled,and a new identification approach was proposed based on these differences.Results:Authentic Os Draconis exhibited distinct ultrastructural markers:irregularly shaped osteons with traversing fissures,deformed/displaced Haversian canals,and secondary mineral infill(predominantly calcium carbonate).Counterfeits showed regular osteon arrangements,absent traversal fissures,and homogeneous hydroxyapatite composition.Lab-simulated samples lacked structural degradation features.EPMA confirmed calcium carbonate infill in fossilized Haversian canals,while elemental profiles differentiated lacunae types(void vs.mineral-packed).Conclusion:The study established ultrastructural criteria for authentic Os Draconis identification:osteon deformation,geological fissures penetrating bone units,and heterogenous mineral deposition.These features,unattainable in counterfeits or modern processed bones,provide a cost-effective,accurate identification method.This approach bridges gaps in TCM material standardization and supports quality control for clinical applications.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3806200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62201609,62401614,62401617)。
文摘A reconfigurable metasurface based on optical control provides a control paradigm for integrating multiple functions at the same aperture,which effectively expands the freedom of control.However,the traditional light control method requires the light source to directly illuminate the photosensitive device,which forces the metasurface to be placed only according to the light emitter position,and even to need to be integrated on the light emitter,limiting the application scenarios of light-controlled reconfigurable metasurfaces.In this work,a light control method based on optical fiber is proposed,which guides and controls the light propagation path through optical fiber.The metasurface can be flexibly deployed,breaking through the limitation of physical space.As a verification,photoresistors are embedded in the metasurface,and the active device is directly excited by the light source as a driving signal to realize the switching of a polarization conversion function.The experimental results show that the optical-fiber-controlled metasurface can achieve linear-to-linear polarization conversion in the light environment and linear-to-circular polarization conversion in the dark environment.This work paves a new way,to our knowledge,to achieve a light-controlled metasurface,which enriches the family of intelligent metasurfaces and has great potential in many fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42075107)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2022YJSDC05)+1 种基金the China Scholarship Council (No.202206430058)the Yueqi Scholar Fund of China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing).
文摘Airborne microplastics(MPs)are important pollutants that have been present in the environment for many years and are characterized by their universality,persistence,and potential toxicity.This study investigated the effects of terrestrial and marine transport of MPs in the atmosphere of a coastal city and compared the difference between daytime and nighttime.Laser direct infrared imaging(LDIR)and polarized light microscopy were used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of MPs,including number concentration,chemical types,shape,and size.Backward trajectories were used to distinguish the air masses from marine and terrestrial transport.Twenty chemical types were detected by LDIR,with rubber(16.7%)and phenol-formaldehyde resin(PFR;14.8%)being major components.Three main morphological types of MPs were identified,and fragments(78.1%)are the dominant type.MPs in the atmosphere were concentrated in the small particle size segment(20-50μm).The concentration of MPs in the air mass from marine transport was 14.7 items/m^(3)-lower than that from terrestrial transport(32.0 items/m^(3)).The number concentration of airborne MPs was negatively correlated with relative humidity.MPs from terrestrial transport were mainly rubber(20.2%),while those from marine transport were mainly PFR(18%).MPs in the marine transport air mass were more aged and had a lower number concentration than those in the terrestrial transport air mass.The number concentration of airborne MPs is higher during the day than at night.These findings could contribute to the development of targeted control measures and methods to reduce MP pollution.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province,China(Grant No.242102111179)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Henan Province,China(Grant No.232300420024).
文摘This study investigated the effects of polarized and spectral light interactions on locust polarotaxic behavior and elucidated the regulatory mechanisms of polarized and spectral lights.Locust visual response effect was investigated using a combined light source system comprising linear detection polarization violet light with various spectrum lights and a response device to explore the interaction mechanism of polarized and spectral lights on locust visual sensitivity characteristics and the specific sensitivity of locust phototaxis and polartaxis.Results indicated that the polarized vector sensitivity of locusts was related to combined light intensity,showing high visual response sensitivity at 0°and 180°under 1000 lx,whereas under rated illumination(150 mW/cm^(2)),the coupled spectrum attributes induced changes in the locusts’sensitive vectors.UV,violet,and blue lights enhanced the sensitivity at 90°and 270°,and green and orange lights did so at 0°and 180°.Moreover,UV and violet lights enhanced the aggregation and trend sensitivity at 210°and 30°,blue,green and orange lights induced high sensitivity at 0°and 180°.Under increasing illumination,the enhanced effect of light intensity on aggregation sensitivity under blue,green,and orange spectra and on trend sensitivity under orange spectra at 90°and 270°were highly pronounced because of the interaction between heterogeneous spectrum illumination and linear detection polarization vector illumination.Meanwhile,the spectral attribute determined the locust visual response effect,which was affected by the linear detection polarization vector.When illumination increased to rated illumination,coupled light intensity induced a specific vector sensitivity related to optical distance,showing the strongest response sensitivity to 180°under orange spectra and the strongest aggregation and trend sensitivity to 210°under violet spectra due to the interplay of polarization degree,coupling light intensity,and specific vision sensitivity caused by partially polarized light.Then,the locust visual response effect was improved by utilizing the enhancement effect of polarized violet light coupled with violet light at a close range and the inductive effect of polarized violet light coupled with orange light at a long distance,which provide theoretical support for understanding locust polarotactic orientation mechanisms,facilitate the development of polarization induced light sources for attracting locusts.
基金financially the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51902136)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP12003,JUSRP622026)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20211236)。
文摘For decades,chiral nanomaterials have been extensively studied because of their extraordinary properties.Chiral nanostructures have attracted a lot of interest because of their potential applications including biosensing,asymmetric catalysis,optical devices,and negative index materials.Circularly polarized light(CPL)is the most attractive source for chirality owing to its high availability,and now it has been used as a chiral source for the preparation of chiral matter.In this review,the recent progress in the field of CPL-enabled chiral nanomaterials is summarized.Firstly,the recent advancements in the fabrication of chiral materials using circularly polarized light are described,focusing on the unique strategies.Secondly,an overview of the potential applications of chiral nanomaterials driven by CPL is provided,with a particular emphasis on biosensing,catalysis,and phototherapy.Finally,a perspective on the challenges in the field of CPL-enabled chiral nanomaterials is given.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61705065)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2017JJ3034)+1 种基金Technology Program of Changsha(No.kq1804001)National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for undergraduates(No.S201910532166).
文摘Circularly polarized light(CPL)has been given great attention because of its extensive application.While several devices for CPL detection have been studied,their performance is affected by the magnitude of photocurrent.In this paper,a self-powered photodetector based on hot electrons in chiral metamaterials is proposed and optimized.CPL can be distinguished by the direction of photocurrent without external bias owing to the interdigital electrodes with asymmetric chiral metamaterials.Distinguished by the direction of photocurrent,the device can easily detect the rotation direction of the CPL electric field,even if it only has a very weak responsivity.The responsivity of the proposed detector is near 1.9 mA/W at the wavelength of 1322 nm,which is enough to distinguish CPL.The detector we proposed has the potential for application in optical communication.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61575139,61605136,51602213 and 11604236)the Youth Foundation of the Taiyuan University of Technology(No.2015QN066)
文摘Based on the vector diffraction theory, a super-resolution longitudinally polarized optical needle with ultra-long depth of focus(DOF) is generated by tightly focusing a radially polarized beam that is modulated by a self-designed ternary hybrid(phase/amplitude) filter(THF). Both the phase and the amplitude patterns of THF are judiciously optimized by the versatile particle swarm optimization(PSO) searching algorithm. For the focusing configuration with a combination of a high numerical aperture(NA) and the optimized sine-shaped THFs, an optical needle with the full width at half maximum(FWHM) of 0.414λ and the DOF of 7.58λ is accessed, which corresponds to an aspect ratio of 18.3. The demonstrated longitudinally polarized super-resolution light needle with high aspect ratio opens up broad applications in high-density optical data storage, nano-photolithography, super-resolution imaging and high-efficiency particle trapping.
文摘Sensory drive, the concept that sensory systems primarily evolve under the influence of environmen tal features and that animal signals are evolutionarily shaped and tuned by these previously existing sensory systems, has been thoroughly studied regarding visual signals across many animals. Much of this work has focused on spectral aspects of vision and signals. Here, I review work on polarized light signals of animals and relate these to what is known of polarization visual systems, polarized light aspects of visual scenes, and polarizationrelated behavior （e.g., orientation, habitatfinding, contrast enhancement）. Other than the broad patterns of scattered polarized light in the sky, most po larization in both terrestrial and aquatic environments results from either reflection or scattering in the horizontal plane. With overhead illumination, horizontal features such as the surfaces of many leaves or of air： water interfaces reflect horizontal polarization, and water scatters horizontally polar ized light under most conditions. Several animal species have been demonstrated to use horizontally polarized light fields or features in critical aspects of their biology. Significantly, most biological sig nals are also horizontally polarized. Here, I present relevant polarizationrelated behavior and discuss the hypothesis that sensory drive has evolutionarily influenced the structure of polarization signals. The paper also considers the evolutionary origin of circular polarization vision and circularly polar ized signals. It appears that this class of signals did not evolve under the influence of sensory drive. The study of signals based on polarized light is becoming a mature field of research.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61973281)The Innovative Research Group Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51821003)+4 种基金the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2018ZCU0002)the Program for the Top Young Academic Leaders of Higher Learning Institutions of ShanxiShanxi Postgraduate Innovation Project,China(No.2020BY102)the Young Academic Leaders Foundation in North University of Chinathe Fund for Shanxi‘‘1331 Project”Key Subjects Construction。
文摘In recent years, the bionic polarized light compass has been widely studied for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. However, it is found from the obtained investigation results that a polarized light compass with a sensitive and high dynamic range polarimeter still provides inferior output precision of the heading angle due to the presence of the noise generating from the compass.The noise is existed not only in the angle of the polarization image acquired by polarimeters but also in the output heading data, which leads to a sharp reduction in the accuracy of a polarized light compass. Herein, we present noise analysis and a novel multiscale transform denoising method of a polarized light compass used for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. Specifically, a multiscale principle component analysis utilizing one-dimensional image entropy as classification criterion is directly implemented to suppress the noise in the acquired polarization image. Subsequently, a multiscale time–frequency peak filtering method using the sample entropy as classification criterion is applied for the output heading data so as to further increase the heading measurement accuracy from the denoised image above. These two approaches are combined to significantly reduce the heading error affected by different types of noises. Our experimental results indicate the proposed multiscale transform denoising method exhibits high performance in suppressing the noise of a polarized light compass used for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation compared to existing prior arts.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11404142the Youth Teacher Foundation of Huaiyin Institute of Technology under Grant No 2717577
文摘We theoretically study the spin transport through a two-terminal quantum dot device under the influence of a symmetric spin bias and circularly polarized light. It is found that the combination of the circularly polarized light and the applied spin bias can result in a net charge current. The resultant charge current is large enough to be measured when properly choosing the system parameters. The resultant charge current can be used to deduce the spin bias due to the fact that there exists a simple linear relation between them. When the external circuit is open, a charge bias instead of a charge current can be induced, which is also measurable by present technologies. These findings indicate a new approach to detect the spin bias by using circularly polarized light.
基金the support of Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University(No.2019LJ003)。
文摘Circularly polarized light(CPL)is an inherently chiral entity and is regarded as one of the possible deterministic signals that led to the evolution of homochirality in earth.Thus,CPL as an external physical field has been widely used in a technique known as absolute asymmetric synthesis,because a product enriched in one enantiomer is formed from racemic precursor molecules without the intervention of a chiral catalyst.In this review,we retrospect the historical research of CPL-induced absolute asymmetric synthesis,including chiral organic molecules,helical polymers,supramolecular assemblies,noble metal nanostructures.However,based on these results,we concluded that the chiral photon-matter interaction is very faint due to the arrangement of molecular bonds giving rise to chiral features,is over a smaller distance than the helical pitch of CPL,leading extremely small enantiomeric excess for product.Therefore,we highlight the recently emerged technology called superchiral field,in which the superchiral far-field and near-field could enhance the dissymmetry of optical field and near-field,respectively.In sum,we hope this review could bring some enlightenment to researchers and further improve the enantioselectivity of CPL-induced absolute asymmetric synthesis.
