Tuberculosis(TB)remains one of the most persistent and formidable public health challenges globally.Despite the ambitious targets set by the World Health Organization End TB Strategy,the path to elimination is fraught...Tuberculosis(TB)remains one of the most persistent and formidable public health challenges globally.Despite the ambitious targets set by the World Health Organization End TB Strategy,the path to elimination is fraught with obstacles.According to the Global Tuberculosis Report 2025,while global incidence has been stabilization,the burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)and the long-term sequelae facing survivors continue to hinder progress[1].展开更多
LCM （life cycle management） is a systematic approach, mindset and culture that considers economic, social, and environmental factors among other factors in the decision making process throughout various business or ...LCM （life cycle management） is a systematic approach, mindset and culture that considers economic, social, and environmental factors among other factors in the decision making process throughout various business or organizational decisions that affect both inputs and outputs of a product or service life cycle. It is a product, process, or activity management system aimed at minimizing environmental and socio-economic burdens associated with an organization＇s product or process during its entire life cycle and value chain. LCM＇s application is gaining wider acceptance both in the corporate and governmental organizations as an approach to reduce ecological footprints and to improve the sustainability of human activities. But where and how can it be used in agricultural engineering applications？ This study highlights the potential areas of LCM application in agricultural and allied sectors and how it can be utilized. The study revealed that LCM tools such as design for environment and life cycle analysis can be used to evaluate the environmental impacts of-and to improve the products, equipment, and structures produced by biosystems engineers as well as the processes used to generate them.展开更多
This article describes the design and implementation of Residents Life Event Management System (hereinafter called as RLEMS) with high level reliability and security by blockchain technology. The data access environme...This article describes the design and implementation of Residents Life Event Management System (hereinafter called as RLEMS) with high level reliability and security by blockchain technology. The data access environment provided by blockchain is highly secure and trustworthy. In Blockchain system, some data fragments are grouped into one piece called as <i>blocks</i>, and all blocks are connected to create a chain of blocks in database. When blocks are connected, hash value is used to connect blocks properly. Blockchain technology enables highly secure and reliable data management system under relatively poor ICT environment. For example, developing countries such as African countries do not have sufficient ICT environment. Therefore adopting blockchain technology is suitable for such countries. Based on this consideration, we have started to build RLEMS on the blockchain system. In previous work, we used the MultiChain as a blockchain platform. However, as MultiChain platform is mainly for private blockchain system, it is not suitable for government-level data management system. Therefore, we tried to use another blockchain framework. We selected Hyperledger Fabric which was developed by Linux Foundation. It enables to implement all styles of blockchain system. This article describes the design and implementation of RLEMS by using Hyperledger Fabric. Furthermore, to provide the best user experience, we also built the web application interface with Java web application framework named PrimeFace. The implementation of a prototype revealed that the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain technology is more suitable than MultiChain.展开更多
This paper analyzes the large data thoughts in the support role of promote the innovation in asset management in colleges and universities, this paper discusses the use of big data raise the level of information manag...This paper analyzes the large data thoughts in the support role of promote the innovation in asset management in colleges and universities, this paper discusses the use of big data raise the level of information management, the practice of building the including purchasing management, asset management and high value assets, open sharing of total life cycle management information provides a data sharing platform of large data application, improve the service efficiency, and help to reform and develop the information management of instruments and equipment in colleges and universities through safety measures.展开更多
To cope with climate change,the Chinese government took the lead in advocating the aim of a Carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.In China,the total carbon emission of the whole construction process in 202...To cope with climate change,the Chinese government took the lead in advocating the aim of a Carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.In China,the total carbon emission of the whole construction process in 2020 was about 5.08 billion tons of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),accounting for about 50.90%of the national carbon emission.Consequently,researchers come up with a series of standard assessments for green building optimization measures.Through analysis and comparison of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(LEED),WELL Building Standard(WELL),Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method(BREEAM),and Evaluation Standard for Green Building(ESGB)standards,this study will draw conclusions on optimizing ESGB in terms of weighting,evaluation rating,and carbon emission calculations.展开更多
Plastic pollution has emerged as a critical global environmental threat,relentlessly suffocating ecosystems worldwide.Despite continuous regional efforts to combat the problem,the crisis continues to escalate,with glo...Plastic pollution has emerged as a critical global environmental threat,relentlessly suffocating ecosystems worldwide.Despite continuous regional efforts to combat the problem,the crisis continues to escalate,with global plastic production projected to reach 1,100 Mt by 2050(Figure 1A).This alarming forecast underscores the urgent need for a comprehensive approach that tackles the entire life cycle of plastics,from raw material extraction to disposal.展开更多
The global generation of municipal solid waste(MSW)has significantly escalated and it is nowadays an urgent environmental problem.Incineration has emerged as a prevalent MSW treatment method,with the resulting MSW inc...The global generation of municipal solid waste(MSW)has significantly escalated and it is nowadays an urgent environmental problem.Incineration has emerged as a prevalent MSW treatment method,with the resulting MSW incineration bottom ash(MSWI BA)offering potential for beneficial reuse,particularly in subgrade construction.However,concerns persist in terms of long-term leaching and ecotoxicity of MSWI BA heavy metals.This critical review consolidates the existing research on the physicochemical properties of MSWI BA,its heavy metal characteristics,and the associated risk management strategies for its reuse in road construction applications.The review systematically analyzes the physical and chemical properties of MSWI BA,confirming its suitability as a construction aggregate.It further examines the typical heavy metal content,including Pb,Zn,Cu,and Cr,and the influential factors such as waste composition,incineration temperature,and flue gas treatment.The leaching behavior of heavy metals under different environmental conditions is investigated through the synthesis of laboratory test data and field monitoring results.Common risk assessment methods at various stages,from BA pretreatment to subgrade design,are evaluated.Additionally,the review summarizes the regulatory standards for MSWI BA application in road construction across different regions,identifies current research limitations,and provides suggestions for future research directions to promote the sustainable utilization of this valuable resource.The findings of this comprehensive review contribute to a better understanding of the feasibility and environmental implications of MSWI BA reuse,supporting informed decision-making and the development of effective management strategies for this growing waste stream.The insights gained can aid in the design of appropriate treatment and application protocols to mitigate the risks associated with heavy metal leaching,thereby facilitating the circular economy in the subgrade construction.展开更多
Current vehicle carbon emission models tend to ignore the influence of road roughness on driving speed selection,which may damage the carbon emission evaluation accuracy.In this study,first,based on the results obtain...Current vehicle carbon emission models tend to ignore the influence of road roughness on driving speed selection,which may damage the carbon emission evaluation accuracy.In this study,first,based on the results obtained with a portable emissions measurement system(PEMS),an explicit model for user vehicle carbon emissions,driving speed,and pavement roughness is established.Second,the influence of road roughness on driver behavior choice is investigated,and an interrelationship model between roughness and driving speed choice is developed.Finally,a more realistic carbon emission calculation model during the operation period is proposed based on the pavement performance model,and the accuracy is verified in comparison with the traditional vehicle operating cost(VOC)model.It is found that there exists a carbon emission minimization point under free-flow conditions,and the corresponding driving speed is the optimal speed point of user vehicles,i.e.63 km/h.In addition,a great linear correlation exists between the roughness and driving speed selection,which should be considered in the final calculation model.The vehicle carbon emission model developed in this research provides solid references for evaluating the life-cycle emission of asphalt pavement and guiding the selection of maintenance strategies for the pavement to lower carbon emissions.展开更多
Albert Einstein is credited with saying, “Insanity: doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results.” Then in the 1980s, we watched as poor Bill Murray kept waking up to the very same day, v...Albert Einstein is credited with saying, “Insanity: doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results.” Then in the 1980s, we watched as poor Bill Murray kept waking up to the very same day, very same activities, and same exact results in the comedy “Groundhog Day”. We challenge you to look at the process of design, delivery, and operations for our buildings. Are we all stuck in “insanity” or “Groundhog Day?” We keep doing things the same way and expecting different results. This article explores how the utilization of facility data from design to operations can not only break the paradigm of “insanity,” it can make our facilities more efficient and sustainable to construct and operate. Our basic premise is that if you do not have accurate “data” about your facility it will be very difficult, if not impossible, to operate your facility effectively.展开更多
文摘Tuberculosis(TB)remains one of the most persistent and formidable public health challenges globally.Despite the ambitious targets set by the World Health Organization End TB Strategy,the path to elimination is fraught with obstacles.According to the Global Tuberculosis Report 2025,while global incidence has been stabilization,the burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)and the long-term sequelae facing survivors continue to hinder progress[1].
文摘LCM （life cycle management） is a systematic approach, mindset and culture that considers economic, social, and environmental factors among other factors in the decision making process throughout various business or organizational decisions that affect both inputs and outputs of a product or service life cycle. It is a product, process, or activity management system aimed at minimizing environmental and socio-economic burdens associated with an organization＇s product or process during its entire life cycle and value chain. LCM＇s application is gaining wider acceptance both in the corporate and governmental organizations as an approach to reduce ecological footprints and to improve the sustainability of human activities. But where and how can it be used in agricultural engineering applications？ This study highlights the potential areas of LCM application in agricultural and allied sectors and how it can be utilized. The study revealed that LCM tools such as design for environment and life cycle analysis can be used to evaluate the environmental impacts of-and to improve the products, equipment, and structures produced by biosystems engineers as well as the processes used to generate them.
文摘This article describes the design and implementation of Residents Life Event Management System (hereinafter called as RLEMS) with high level reliability and security by blockchain technology. The data access environment provided by blockchain is highly secure and trustworthy. In Blockchain system, some data fragments are grouped into one piece called as <i>blocks</i>, and all blocks are connected to create a chain of blocks in database. When blocks are connected, hash value is used to connect blocks properly. Blockchain technology enables highly secure and reliable data management system under relatively poor ICT environment. For example, developing countries such as African countries do not have sufficient ICT environment. Therefore adopting blockchain technology is suitable for such countries. Based on this consideration, we have started to build RLEMS on the blockchain system. In previous work, we used the MultiChain as a blockchain platform. However, as MultiChain platform is mainly for private blockchain system, it is not suitable for government-level data management system. Therefore, we tried to use another blockchain framework. We selected Hyperledger Fabric which was developed by Linux Foundation. It enables to implement all styles of blockchain system. This article describes the design and implementation of RLEMS by using Hyperledger Fabric. Furthermore, to provide the best user experience, we also built the web application interface with Java web application framework named PrimeFace. The implementation of a prototype revealed that the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain technology is more suitable than MultiChain.
文摘This paper analyzes the large data thoughts in the support role of promote the innovation in asset management in colleges and universities, this paper discusses the use of big data raise the level of information management, the practice of building the including purchasing management, asset management and high value assets, open sharing of total life cycle management information provides a data sharing platform of large data application, improve the service efficiency, and help to reform and develop the information management of instruments and equipment in colleges and universities through safety measures.
文摘To cope with climate change,the Chinese government took the lead in advocating the aim of a Carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.In China,the total carbon emission of the whole construction process in 2020 was about 5.08 billion tons of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),accounting for about 50.90%of the national carbon emission.Consequently,researchers come up with a series of standard assessments for green building optimization measures.Through analysis and comparison of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(LEED),WELL Building Standard(WELL),Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method(BREEAM),and Evaluation Standard for Green Building(ESGB)standards,this study will draw conclusions on optimizing ESGB in terms of weighting,evaluation rating,and carbon emission calculations.
文摘Plastic pollution has emerged as a critical global environmental threat,relentlessly suffocating ecosystems worldwide.Despite continuous regional efforts to combat the problem,the crisis continues to escalate,with global plastic production projected to reach 1,100 Mt by 2050(Figure 1A).This alarming forecast underscores the urgent need for a comprehensive approach that tackles the entire life cycle of plastics,from raw material extraction to disposal.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 52208426 and 52578505the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,grant number KJQN20230074+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,grant number CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX1177the Chongqing Key Special Project for Technological Innovation and Application Development,grant number CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0102the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,grant number 2024JJ1001.
文摘The global generation of municipal solid waste(MSW)has significantly escalated and it is nowadays an urgent environmental problem.Incineration has emerged as a prevalent MSW treatment method,with the resulting MSW incineration bottom ash(MSWI BA)offering potential for beneficial reuse,particularly in subgrade construction.However,concerns persist in terms of long-term leaching and ecotoxicity of MSWI BA heavy metals.This critical review consolidates the existing research on the physicochemical properties of MSWI BA,its heavy metal characteristics,and the associated risk management strategies for its reuse in road construction applications.The review systematically analyzes the physical and chemical properties of MSWI BA,confirming its suitability as a construction aggregate.It further examines the typical heavy metal content,including Pb,Zn,Cu,and Cr,and the influential factors such as waste composition,incineration temperature,and flue gas treatment.The leaching behavior of heavy metals under different environmental conditions is investigated through the synthesis of laboratory test data and field monitoring results.Common risk assessment methods at various stages,from BA pretreatment to subgrade design,are evaluated.Additionally,the review summarizes the regulatory standards for MSWI BA application in road construction across different regions,identifies current research limitations,and provides suggestions for future research directions to promote the sustainable utilization of this valuable resource.The findings of this comprehensive review contribute to a better understanding of the feasibility and environmental implications of MSWI BA reuse,supporting informed decision-making and the development of effective management strategies for this growing waste stream.The insights gained can aid in the design of appropriate treatment and application protocols to mitigate the risks associated with heavy metal leaching,thereby facilitating the circular economy in the subgrade construction.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71471134 and 52108412)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(Nos.BX2021216 and 2021M702479).
文摘Current vehicle carbon emission models tend to ignore the influence of road roughness on driving speed selection,which may damage the carbon emission evaluation accuracy.In this study,first,based on the results obtained with a portable emissions measurement system(PEMS),an explicit model for user vehicle carbon emissions,driving speed,and pavement roughness is established.Second,the influence of road roughness on driver behavior choice is investigated,and an interrelationship model between roughness and driving speed choice is developed.Finally,a more realistic carbon emission calculation model during the operation period is proposed based on the pavement performance model,and the accuracy is verified in comparison with the traditional vehicle operating cost(VOC)model.It is found that there exists a carbon emission minimization point under free-flow conditions,and the corresponding driving speed is the optimal speed point of user vehicles,i.e.63 km/h.In addition,a great linear correlation exists between the roughness and driving speed selection,which should be considered in the final calculation model.The vehicle carbon emission model developed in this research provides solid references for evaluating the life-cycle emission of asphalt pavement and guiding the selection of maintenance strategies for the pavement to lower carbon emissions.
文摘Albert Einstein is credited with saying, “Insanity: doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results.” Then in the 1980s, we watched as poor Bill Murray kept waking up to the very same day, very same activities, and same exact results in the comedy “Groundhog Day”. We challenge you to look at the process of design, delivery, and operations for our buildings. Are we all stuck in “insanity” or “Groundhog Day?” We keep doing things the same way and expecting different results. This article explores how the utilization of facility data from design to operations can not only break the paradigm of “insanity,” it can make our facilities more efficient and sustainable to construct and operate. Our basic premise is that if you do not have accurate “data” about your facility it will be very difficult, if not impossible, to operate your facility effectively.
