Emergency medical services (EMS) are a vital element of the public healthcare system in China,^([1])providing an opportunity to respond to critical medical conditions and save people’s lives.^([2])The accessibility o...Emergency medical services (EMS) are a vital element of the public healthcare system in China,^([1])providing an opportunity to respond to critical medical conditions and save people’s lives.^([2])The accessibility of EMS has received considerable attention in health and transport geography studies.^([3])One of the optimal gauges for evaluating the accessibility of EMS is the response time,which is defined as the time from receiving an emergency call to the arrival of an ambulance.^([4])Beijing has already reduced the response time to approximately12 min,and the next goal is to ensure that the response time across Beijing does not exceed 12 min (the information comes from the Beijing Emergency Medical Center).展开更多
In January 2025,the United States issued executive orders that could potentially curtail lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,queer,and other sexual and gender minorities(LGBTQ+)rights and federal aid to developing countr...In January 2025,the United States issued executive orders that could potentially curtail lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,queer,and other sexual and gender minorities(LGBTQ+)rights and federal aid to developing countries,such as public health programs under the United States Agency for International Development(USAID)[1,2].In the Philippines,USAID has played an important role in funding and supporting initiatives to address the country’s local HIV epidemic[2,3].展开更多
Ebola virus disease(EVD)is a rare tropical disease,with case fatality ranging from 25%to 90%[1].As this infection is transmitted between humans via close contact,this led to the emergence of stigma against people who ...Ebola virus disease(EVD)is a rare tropical disease,with case fatality ranging from 25%to 90%[1].As this infection is transmitted between humans via close contact,this led to the emergence of stigma against people who were diagnosed with the infection[1,2].The latest outbreak of EVD was caused by the Sudan Ebola virus that affected nine districts of Uganda,and accounted for 164 cases and 77 deaths[3].Even though it was declared that this outbreak has ended,the health authorities have maintained surveillance to quickly detect and effectively respond to any new cases[3].In addition,a follow-up program has been initiated to support disease survivors and neighboring nations are instructed to be on high alert[3].The purpose of the current article was to justify the need to extend mental health support to the survivors of EVD outbreaks,identify the existing barriers which limit the delivery of mental healthcare services,and propose remedial measures to overcome these earmarked barriers.展开更多
As an important means regulating the relationship between human and natural ecosystem,ecological restoration program plays a key role in restoring ecosystem functions.The Grain-for-Green Program(GFGP,One of the world...As an important means regulating the relationship between human and natural ecosystem,ecological restoration program plays a key role in restoring ecosystem functions.The Grain-for-Green Program(GFGP,One of the world’s most ambitious ecosystem conservation set-aside programs aims to transfer farmland on steep slopes to forestland or grassland to increase vegetation coverage)has been widely implemented from 1999 to 2015 and exerted significant influence on land use and ecosystem services(ESs).In this study,three ecological models(In VEST,RUSLE,and CASA)were used to accurately calculate the three key types of ESs,water yield(WY),soil conservation(SC),and net primary production(NPP)in Karst area of southwestern China from 1982 to 2015.The impact of GFGP on ESs and trade-offs was analyzed.It provides practical guidance in carrying out ecological regulation in Karst area of China under global climate change.Results showed that ESs and trade-offs had changed dramatically driven by GFGP.In detail,temporally,SC and NPP exhibited an increasing trend,while WY exhibited a decreasing trend.Spatially,SC basically decreased from west to east;NPP basically increased from north to south;WY basically increased from west to east;NPP and SC,SC and WY developed in the direction of trade-offs driven by the GFGP,while NPP and WY developed in the direction of synergy.Therefore,future ecosystem management and restoration policy-making should consider trade-offs of ESs so as to achieve sustainable provision of ESs.展开更多
Based on service-oriented architecture（SOA）,a Bellman-dynamic-programming-based approach of service recovery decision-making is proposed to make valid recovery decisions.Both the attribute and the process of service...Based on service-oriented architecture（SOA）,a Bellman-dynamic-programming-based approach of service recovery decision-making is proposed to make valid recovery decisions.Both the attribute and the process of services in the controllable distributed information system are analyzed as the preparatory work.Using the idea of service composition as a reference,the approach translates the recovery decision-making into a planning problem regarding artificial intelligence （AI） through two steps.The first is the self-organization based on a logical view of the network,and the second is the definition of evaluation standards.Applying Bellman dynamic programming to solve the planning problem,the approach offers timely emergency response and optimal recovery source selection,meeting multiple QoS （quality of service）requirements.Experimental results demonstrate the rationality and optimality of the approach,and the theoretical analysis of its computational complexity and the comparison with conventional methods exhibit its high efficiency.展开更多
Web service is a grid computing technology that promises greater ease-of-use and interoperability than previous distributed computing technologies. This paper proposed Group Service Framework, a grid computing platfor...Web service is a grid computing technology that promises greater ease-of-use and interoperability than previous distributed computing technologies. This paper proposed Group Service Framework, a grid computing platform based on Microsoft. NET that use web service to: (1) locate and harness volunteer computing resources for different applications, and (2) support multi-models such as Master/Slave, Divide and Conquer, Phase Parallel and so forth parallel programming paradigms in Grid environment, (3) allocate data and balance load dynamically and transparently for grid computing application. The Grid Service Framework based on Microsoft. NET was used to implement several simple parallel computing applications. The results show that the proposed Group Service Framework is suitable for generic parallel numerical computing.展开更多
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is an emerging paradigm for orchestrating software components to build new composite applications that enable businesses, government agencies and other organizations to collaborate ...Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is an emerging paradigm for orchestrating software components to build new composite applications that enable businesses, government agencies and other organizations to collaborate across institutional boundaries. SOA offers new languages and a variety of software development tools that enable software engineers to configure software as services and to interconnect services with other services independent of differences in operating platform and programming and communicating languages. However, SOA composite applications introduce additional complexity into the construction, deployment and maintenance of software, for the purpose of aggravating the issue of program comprehension, which is at the heart of software maintenance. This article describes the challenges in SOA program comprehension and reports on the results of a two-part case study aimed at identifying information that would help a SOA software maintainer. Analysis of the results indicates a need for higher-level abstractions and visualizations that can enhance conventional text-based search to support SOA program understanding. This paper then reports on several specific abstractions, visualization methods, and the development of an intelligent search tool to enhance comprehension of the relationships and data within a SOA composite application.展开更多
Payments for Ecosystem Services(PES)programs have been implemented in both developing and developed countries to conserve ecosystems and the vital services they provide.These programs also often seek to maintain or im...Payments for Ecosystem Services(PES)programs have been implemented in both developing and developed countries to conserve ecosystems and the vital services they provide.These programs also often seek to maintain or improve the economic wellbeing of the populations living in the corresponding(usually rural)areas.Previous studies suggest that PES policy design,presence or absence of concurrent PES programs,and a variety of socioeconomic and demographic factors can influence decisions of households to participate or not in the PES program.However,neighborhood impacts on household participation in PES have rarely been addressed.This study explores potential neighborhood effects on villagers'enrollment in the Grain-to-Green Program(GTGP),one of the largest PES programs in the world,using data from China's Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve.We utilize a fixed effects logistic regression model in combination with the eigenvector spatial filtering(ESF)method to explore whether neighborhood size affects household enrollment in GTGP.By comparing the results with and without ESF,we find that the ESF method can help account for spatial autocorrelation properly and reveal neighborhood impacts that are otherwise hidden,including the effects of area of forest enrolled in a concurrent PES program,gender and household size.The method can thus uncover mechanisms previously undetected due to not taking into account neighborhood impacts and thus provides an additional way to account for neighborhood impacts in PES programs and other studies.展开更多
This paper stipulates that the subject-based library liaison service to a university's teaching and research programs with certain embedded distinctive features should become the mainstream modus operandi of its l...This paper stipulates that the subject-based library liaison service to a university's teaching and research programs with certain embedded distinctive features should become the mainstream modus operandi of its library service. It takes the innovative service program based on an IC2 conceptualized program at Shanghai Jiao Tong University Library(thereafter abbreviated as SJTUL) as a concrete example to elucidate the merit of such an endeavor. Specifically, this paper discusses the particular development background, overall objectives and service contents of the IC2 motivated program at SJTUL. By presenting a detailed account of some of the key measures, major achievements and also possible future directions of library service development under the guiding principles of SJTUL's IC2 program, these authors hope that its innovative library practice may serve as a reference for other academic librarians to gain some inspirations for their own parallel service innovations or refinement focused on subject-oriented library liaison service to their constituents and parent institution's curricula and research projects.展开更多
Background: Further strategies are needed to deal with the high losses to suicide. New modalities should be explored within the context of suicide prevention. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate participants’ e...Background: Further strategies are needed to deal with the high losses to suicide. New modalities should be explored within the context of suicide prevention. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate participants’ experiences of a web based program for mental health care staff, including its potential clinical relevance. Methods: Nineteen participants participated in five focus groups. Data was analyzed using content analysis. Results: The analysis showed participants’ experiences of the program’s contents and format (“Web Based Modules”, “Discussion Groups”) and practical value (“Clinical Relevance and Use”, “Effects on Communication and Climate”). Conclusions: The program partly increased awareness about risk factors and the importance of inquiring about suicide ideation/plans and documenting suicide assessments. Experiences of the clinical value were varying and may be increased through potential enhancements.展开更多
CASC and China Academy of Sciences (CAS) signed a contract on the development of launch vehicles for the satellite project Strategic Pioneer Program on space science on October 31 in Beijing.According to the contract,...CASC and China Academy of Sciences (CAS) signed a contract on the development of launch vehicles for the satellite project Strategic Pioneer Program on space science on October 31 in Beijing.According to the contract, CGWIC is the general contractor to arrange the launch service and SAST is responsible for developing three LM-2D launch vehicles. It was the first time that LM launch vehicle would be used for a national program in a commercial mode. This new attempt was expected to展开更多
基金supported by National Key Research & Development Program of China (2022YFC3006201)。
文摘Emergency medical services (EMS) are a vital element of the public healthcare system in China,^([1])providing an opportunity to respond to critical medical conditions and save people’s lives.^([2])The accessibility of EMS has received considerable attention in health and transport geography studies.^([3])One of the optimal gauges for evaluating the accessibility of EMS is the response time,which is defined as the time from receiving an emergency call to the arrival of an ambulance.^([4])Beijing has already reduced the response time to approximately12 min,and the next goal is to ensure that the response time across Beijing does not exceed 12 min (the information comes from the Beijing Emergency Medical Center).
文摘In January 2025,the United States issued executive orders that could potentially curtail lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,queer,and other sexual and gender minorities(LGBTQ+)rights and federal aid to developing countries,such as public health programs under the United States Agency for International Development(USAID)[1,2].In the Philippines,USAID has played an important role in funding and supporting initiatives to address the country’s local HIV epidemic[2,3].
文摘Ebola virus disease(EVD)is a rare tropical disease,with case fatality ranging from 25%to 90%[1].As this infection is transmitted between humans via close contact,this led to the emergence of stigma against people who were diagnosed with the infection[1,2].The latest outbreak of EVD was caused by the Sudan Ebola virus that affected nine districts of Uganda,and accounted for 164 cases and 77 deaths[3].Even though it was declared that this outbreak has ended,the health authorities have maintained surveillance to quickly detect and effectively respond to any new cases[3].In addition,a follow-up program has been initiated to support disease survivors and neighboring nations are instructed to be on high alert[3].The purpose of the current article was to justify the need to extend mental health support to the survivors of EVD outbreaks,identify the existing barriers which limit the delivery of mental healthcare services,and propose remedial measures to overcome these earmarked barriers.
基金Under the auspices of National Key Technology Research and Development Project of China(No.2018YFC0507301-02)Chinese Academy of Sciences,Strategic Pilot Science and Technology Project(Class A)(No.XDA2002040201)Shaanxi Province Natural Science Basic Research Project(No.2018JM4016)
文摘As an important means regulating the relationship between human and natural ecosystem,ecological restoration program plays a key role in restoring ecosystem functions.The Grain-for-Green Program(GFGP,One of the world’s most ambitious ecosystem conservation set-aside programs aims to transfer farmland on steep slopes to forestland or grassland to increase vegetation coverage)has been widely implemented from 1999 to 2015 and exerted significant influence on land use and ecosystem services(ESs).In this study,three ecological models(In VEST,RUSLE,and CASA)were used to accurately calculate the three key types of ESs,water yield(WY),soil conservation(SC),and net primary production(NPP)in Karst area of southwestern China from 1982 to 2015.The impact of GFGP on ESs and trade-offs was analyzed.It provides practical guidance in carrying out ecological regulation in Karst area of China under global climate change.Results showed that ESs and trade-offs had changed dramatically driven by GFGP.In detail,temporally,SC and NPP exhibited an increasing trend,while WY exhibited a decreasing trend.Spatially,SC basically decreased from west to east;NPP basically increased from north to south;WY basically increased from west to east;NPP and SC,SC and WY developed in the direction of trade-offs driven by the GFGP,while NPP and WY developed in the direction of synergy.Therefore,future ecosystem management and restoration policy-making should consider trade-offs of ESs so as to achieve sustainable provision of ESs.
文摘Based on service-oriented architecture（SOA）,a Bellman-dynamic-programming-based approach of service recovery decision-making is proposed to make valid recovery decisions.Both the attribute and the process of services in the controllable distributed information system are analyzed as the preparatory work.Using the idea of service composition as a reference,the approach translates the recovery decision-making into a planning problem regarding artificial intelligence （AI） through two steps.The first is the self-organization based on a logical view of the network,and the second is the definition of evaluation standards.Applying Bellman dynamic programming to solve the planning problem,the approach offers timely emergency response and optimal recovery source selection,meeting multiple QoS （quality of service）requirements.Experimental results demonstrate the rationality and optimality of the approach,and the theoretical analysis of its computational complexity and the comparison with conventional methods exhibit its high efficiency.
基金National Natural F oundation of China(No.60 173 0 13 )
文摘Web service is a grid computing technology that promises greater ease-of-use and interoperability than previous distributed computing technologies. This paper proposed Group Service Framework, a grid computing platform based on Microsoft. NET that use web service to: (1) locate and harness volunteer computing resources for different applications, and (2) support multi-models such as Master/Slave, Divide and Conquer, Phase Parallel and so forth parallel programming paradigms in Grid environment, (3) allocate data and balance load dynamically and transparently for grid computing application. The Grid Service Framework based on Microsoft. NET was used to implement several simple parallel computing applications. The results show that the proposed Group Service Framework is suitable for generic parallel numerical computing.
文摘Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is an emerging paradigm for orchestrating software components to build new composite applications that enable businesses, government agencies and other organizations to collaborate across institutional boundaries. SOA offers new languages and a variety of software development tools that enable software engineers to configure software as services and to interconnect services with other services independent of differences in operating platform and programming and communicating languages. However, SOA composite applications introduce additional complexity into the construction, deployment and maintenance of software, for the purpose of aggravating the issue of program comprehension, which is at the heart of software maintenance. This article describes the challenges in SOA program comprehension and reports on the results of a two-part case study aimed at identifying information that would help a SOA software maintainer. Analysis of the results indicates a need for higher-level abstractions and visualizations that can enhance conventional text-based search to support SOA program understanding. This paper then reports on several specific abstractions, visualization methods, and the development of an intelligent search tool to enhance comprehension of the relationships and data within a SOA composite application.
基金National Science Foundation under the Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems Program,No.DEB-1212183,No.BCS-1826839Financial and Research Support from San Diego State University,Population Research Infrastructure Program,No.P2C,No.HD050924。
文摘Payments for Ecosystem Services(PES)programs have been implemented in both developing and developed countries to conserve ecosystems and the vital services they provide.These programs also often seek to maintain or improve the economic wellbeing of the populations living in the corresponding(usually rural)areas.Previous studies suggest that PES policy design,presence or absence of concurrent PES programs,and a variety of socioeconomic and demographic factors can influence decisions of households to participate or not in the PES program.However,neighborhood impacts on household participation in PES have rarely been addressed.This study explores potential neighborhood effects on villagers'enrollment in the Grain-to-Green Program(GTGP),one of the largest PES programs in the world,using data from China's Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve.We utilize a fixed effects logistic regression model in combination with the eigenvector spatial filtering(ESF)method to explore whether neighborhood size affects household enrollment in GTGP.By comparing the results with and without ESF,we find that the ESF method can help account for spatial autocorrelation properly and reveal neighborhood impacts that are otherwise hidden,including the effects of area of forest enrolled in a concurrent PES program,gender and household size.The method can thus uncover mechanisms previously undetected due to not taking into account neighborhood impacts and thus provides an additional way to account for neighborhood impacts in PES programs and other studies.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.08CTQ001)the Elsevier Foundation of Collaborative Digital Reference Service System(CDRSS)for university libraries in China
文摘This paper stipulates that the subject-based library liaison service to a university's teaching and research programs with certain embedded distinctive features should become the mainstream modus operandi of its library service. It takes the innovative service program based on an IC2 conceptualized program at Shanghai Jiao Tong University Library(thereafter abbreviated as SJTUL) as a concrete example to elucidate the merit of such an endeavor. Specifically, this paper discusses the particular development background, overall objectives and service contents of the IC2 motivated program at SJTUL. By presenting a detailed account of some of the key measures, major achievements and also possible future directions of library service development under the guiding principles of SJTUL's IC2 program, these authors hope that its innovative library practice may serve as a reference for other academic librarians to gain some inspirations for their own parallel service innovations or refinement focused on subject-oriented library liaison service to their constituents and parent institution's curricula and research projects.
文摘Background: Further strategies are needed to deal with the high losses to suicide. New modalities should be explored within the context of suicide prevention. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate participants’ experiences of a web based program for mental health care staff, including its potential clinical relevance. Methods: Nineteen participants participated in five focus groups. Data was analyzed using content analysis. Results: The analysis showed participants’ experiences of the program’s contents and format (“Web Based Modules”, “Discussion Groups”) and practical value (“Clinical Relevance and Use”, “Effects on Communication and Climate”). Conclusions: The program partly increased awareness about risk factors and the importance of inquiring about suicide ideation/plans and documenting suicide assessments. Experiences of the clinical value were varying and may be increased through potential enhancements.
文摘CASC and China Academy of Sciences (CAS) signed a contract on the development of launch vehicles for the satellite project Strategic Pioneer Program on space science on October 31 in Beijing.According to the contract, CGWIC is the general contractor to arrange the launch service and SAST is responsible for developing three LM-2D launch vehicles. It was the first time that LM launch vehicle would be used for a national program in a commercial mode. This new attempt was expected to
