This paper studies first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential based on density functional theory of hydrogen vacancy, metal impurity, impurity vacancy complex in LiNH2, a promising material for hydrogen storage. It f...This paper studies first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential based on density functional theory of hydrogen vacancy, metal impurity, impurity vacancy complex in LiNH2, a promising material for hydrogen storage. It finds easy formation of H vacancy in the form of impurity-vacancy complex, and the rate-limiting step to the H diffusion. Based on the analysis of the density of states, it finds that the improvement of the dehydrogenating kinetics of LiNH2 by Ti catalysts and Mg substitution is due to the weak bonding of N-H and the new system metal-like, which makes H atom diffuse easily. The mulliken overlap population analysis shows that H vacancy leads to the H local diffusion, whereas impurity-vacancy complexes result from H nonlocal diffusion, which plays a dominant role in the process of dehydrogenation reaction of LiNH2.展开更多
Experiments on a ball milled mixture with a 1：1 molar ratio of LiNH2 and LiH with a small amount （1 mol %） of Ti^nano, TICl3 and TiO2^nano have revealed a superior catalytic effect on Li N H hydrogen storage materi...Experiments on a ball milled mixture with a 1：1 molar ratio of LiNH2 and LiH with a small amount （1 mol %） of Ti^nano, TICl3 and TiO2^nano have revealed a superior catalytic effect on Li N H hydrogen storage materials. In the x-ray diffraction profiles, no trace of Ti^nano, TICl3 and TiO2^nano was found in these doped composites, by which we deduced that Ti atoms enter LiNH2 by partial element substitution. A first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory has been used to investigate the catalytic effects of Ti catalysts on the dehydrogenating properties of LiNH2 system. The results show that Ti substitution can reduce the dehydrogenation reaction activation energy of LiNH2 and improve the dehydrogenating properties of LiNH2. Based on the analysis of the density of states and overlap populations for LiNH2 before and after Ti substitution, it was found that the stability of the system of LiNH2 is reduced, which originates from the increase of the valence electrons at the Fermi level （EF） and the decrease of the highest occupied molecular orbital （HOMO） lowest unoccupied molecular orbital （LUMO） gap （△EH-L） near EF. The catalytic effect of Ti on the dehydrogenating kinetics of LiNH2 may be attributed to the reduction of average populations between N-H per unit bond length （nm-1）, which leads to the reduction of the chemical bond strength of NH.展开更多
文摘运用第一性原理和密度泛函理论(DFT)的平面波赝势(PW-PP)方法,计算研究了过渡金属M(=Ti,V,Mn,Co)替代Li NH2中的部分Li原子对Li NH2的晶体结构、结合能、电子结构和空位形成能的影响。结果表明,部分Li原子被替代后,Li(M)NH2材料的稳定性均降低,同时N-H键能变弱且容易断裂,可释放出H原子。计算得到Li(M)NH2/M(=Ti,V,Mn,Co)的空位形成能分别为1.365、0.829、0.486和–0.079 e V。过渡金属元素M替代Li原子导致Li(M)NH2解离H原子的能量降低,使得其释氢性能得到提高,其中Li(Ti)NH2材料比Li(V)NH2、Li(Mn)NH2、Li(Co)NH2材料的释氢性能要强。
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2009AA05Z105)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China (Grant No. 20102173)
文摘This paper studies first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential based on density functional theory of hydrogen vacancy, metal impurity, impurity vacancy complex in LiNH2, a promising material for hydrogen storage. It finds easy formation of H vacancy in the form of impurity-vacancy complex, and the rate-limiting step to the H diffusion. Based on the analysis of the density of states, it finds that the improvement of the dehydrogenating kinetics of LiNH2 by Ti catalysts and Mg substitution is due to the weak bonding of N-H and the new system metal-like, which makes H atom diffuse easily. The mulliken overlap population analysis shows that H vacancy leads to the H local diffusion, whereas impurity-vacancy complexes result from H nonlocal diffusion, which plays a dominant role in the process of dehydrogenation reaction of LiNH2.
基金Project supported by the National High Technology Research & Development of China (Grant No. 2009AA05Z105)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50671069)+1 种基金the Science Research Program of the Education Bureau of Liaoning Province of China (Grant Nos. 2008S345,2008511 and 2007T165)the Financial Support from Shenyang Normal University
文摘Experiments on a ball milled mixture with a 1：1 molar ratio of LiNH2 and LiH with a small amount （1 mol %） of Ti^nano, TICl3 and TiO2^nano have revealed a superior catalytic effect on Li N H hydrogen storage materials. In the x-ray diffraction profiles, no trace of Ti^nano, TICl3 and TiO2^nano was found in these doped composites, by which we deduced that Ti atoms enter LiNH2 by partial element substitution. A first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory has been used to investigate the catalytic effects of Ti catalysts on the dehydrogenating properties of LiNH2 system. The results show that Ti substitution can reduce the dehydrogenation reaction activation energy of LiNH2 and improve the dehydrogenating properties of LiNH2. Based on the analysis of the density of states and overlap populations for LiNH2 before and after Ti substitution, it was found that the stability of the system of LiNH2 is reduced, which originates from the increase of the valence electrons at the Fermi level （EF） and the decrease of the highest occupied molecular orbital （HOMO） lowest unoccupied molecular orbital （LUMO） gap （△EH-L） near EF. The catalytic effect of Ti on the dehydrogenating kinetics of LiNH2 may be attributed to the reduction of average populations between N-H per unit bond length （nm-1）, which leads to the reduction of the chemical bond strength of NH.
