Conventional Li-O2 battery is hardly considered as a next-generation flexible electronics thus far,since it is inflexible,bulk,and limited by the absence of the adjustable cell configuration.Here,we report a binder-fr...Conventional Li-O2 battery is hardly considered as a next-generation flexible electronics thus far,since it is inflexible,bulk,and limited by the absence of the adjustable cell configuration.Here,we report a binder-free and flexible electrode of x wt%MoO2 NPs/CTs(x=6,16,and 28).A cell with 16 wt% MoO2 NPs/CTs displays a good cyclability over 240 cycles with a low overpotential of 0.33 V on the 1st cycle at a constant current density of 0.2 mA cm-2,a considerable rate performance,a superior reversibility associated with the desired formation and degradation of Li2O2,and a high electrochemical stability even under stringent bending and twisting conditions.Our work represents a promising progress in the material development and architecture design of O2 electrode for flexible Li-O2 batteries.展开更多
Combining nanomaterials with complementary properties in a well-designed structure is an effective tactic to exploit multifunctional, high-performance materials for the energy conversion and storage. Nonprecious metal...Combining nanomaterials with complementary properties in a well-designed structure is an effective tactic to exploit multifunctional, high-performance materials for the energy conversion and storage. Nonprecious metal catalysts, such as cobalt oxide, with superior activity and excellent stability to other catalysts are widely desired. Nevertheless, the performance of CoO nanoparticles as an electrode material were significantly limit for its inferior conductivity, dissolution, and high cohesion. Herein, we grow ultrafine cobalt monoxide to decorate the interlayer and surface of the Ti3C2 Txnanosheets via a hydrothermal method companied by calcination. The layered MXenes act as the underlying conductive substrate,which not only increase the electron transfer rate at the interface but also greatly improve the electrochemical properties of the nanosized Co O particles by restricting the aggregation of CoO. The resulting CoO/Ti3C2 Txnanomaterial is applied as oxygen electrode for lithium-oxygen battery and achieves more than 160 cycles and first cycle capacity of 16,220 mAh g-1 at 100 mA g-1. This work paves a promising avenue for constructing a bi-functional catalyst by coupling the active component of a transition metal oxide(TMO) with the MXene materials in lithium-oxygen battery.展开更多
Li–CO_(2) batteries are considered promising energy storage systems in extreme environments such as Mars;however,severe performance degradation will occur at a subzero temperature owning to the sluggish reaction kine...Li–CO_(2) batteries are considered promising energy storage systems in extreme environments such as Mars;however,severe performance degradation will occur at a subzero temperature owning to the sluggish reaction kinetics.Herein,a photo-energized strategy adopting sustainable solar energy in wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery was achieved with a binder-free MoS_(2)/carbon nanotube(CNT)photo-electrode as cathode.The unique layered structure and excellent photoelectric properties of MoS_(2) facilitate the abundant generation and rapid transfer of photo-excited carriers,which accelerate the CO_(2) reduction and Li_(2)CO_(3) decomposition upon illumination.The illuminated battery at room temperature exhibited high discharge voltage of 2.95 V and mitigated charge voltage of 3.27 V,attaining superior energy efficiency of 90.2%and excellent cycling stability of over 120 cycles.Even at an extremely low temperature of−30℃,the battery with same electrolyte can still deliver a small polarization of 0.45 V by the photoelectric and photothermal synergistic mechanism of MoS_(2)/CNT cathode.This work demonstrates the promising potential of the photo-energized wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery in addressing the obstacle of charge overpotential and energy efficiency.展开更多
Layered transition metal oxides have emerged as promising cathode materials for sodium ion batteries.However,irreversible phase transitions cause structural distortion and cation rearrangement,leading to sluggish Na+d...Layered transition metal oxides have emerged as promising cathode materials for sodium ion batteries.However,irreversible phase transitions cause structural distortion and cation rearrangement,leading to sluggish Na+dynamics and rapid capacity decay.In this study,we propose a medium-entropy cathode by simultaneously introducing Fe,Mg,and Li dopants into a typical P2-type Na_(0.75)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)cathode.The modified Na_(0.75)Ni_(0.2125)Mn_(0.6375)Fe_(0.05)Mg_(0.05)Li_(0.05)O_(2)cathode predominantly exhibits a main P2 phase(93.5%)with a minor O3 phase(6.5%).Through spectroscopy techniques and electrochemical investigations,we elucidate the redox mechanisms of Ni^(2+/3+/4+),Mn^(3+/4+),Fe^(3+/4+),and O_(2)-/O_(2)^(n-)during charging/discharging.The medium-entropy doping mitigates the detrimental P2-O_(2)phase transition at high-voltage,replacing it with a moderate and reversible structural evolution(P2-OP4),thereby enhancing structural stability.Consequently,the modified cathode exhibits a remarkable rate capacity of 108.4 mAh·g^(-1)at 10C,with a capacity retention of 99.0%after 200 cycles at 1C,82.5%after 500 cycles at 5C,and 76.7%after 600 cycles at 10C.Furthermore,it also demonstrates superior electrochemical performance at high cutoff voltage of 4.5 V and extreme temperature(55 and 0℃).This work offers solutions to critical challenges in sodium ion batteries cathode materials.展开更多
Aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been regarded as promising alternatives to Li-ion batteries due to their advantages,such as low cost,high safety,and environmental friendliness.However,AZIBs face significant challe...Aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been regarded as promising alternatives to Li-ion batteries due to their advantages,such as low cost,high safety,and environmental friendliness.However,AZIBs face significant challenges in limited stability and lifetime owing to zinc dendrite growth and serious side reactions caused by water molecules in the aqueous electrolyte during cycling.To address these issues,a new eutectic electrolyte based on Zn(ClO_(4))_(2)·6H_(2)O-N-methylacetamide(ZN)is proposed in this work.Compared with aqueous electrolyte,the ZN eutectic electrolyte containing organic N-methylacetamide could regulate the solvated structure of Zn^(2+),effectively suppressing zinc dendrite growth and side reactions.As a result,the Zn//NH4 V4 O10 full cell with the eutectic ZN-1-3 electrolyte demonstrates significantly enhanced cycling stability after 1000 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).Therefore,this study not only presents a new eutectic electrolyte for zinc-ion batteries but also provides a deep understanding of the influence of Zn^(2+)solvation structure on the cycle stability,contributing to the exploration of novel electrolytes for high-performance AZIBs.展开更多
Lithium-oxygen batteries are a promising technology because they can greatly surpass the energy density of lithium-ion batteries.However,this theoretical characteristic has not yet been converted into a real device wi...Lithium-oxygen batteries are a promising technology because they can greatly surpass the energy density of lithium-ion batteries.However,this theoretical characteristic has not yet been converted into a real device with high cyclability.Problems with air contamination,metallic lithium reactivity,and complex discharge and charge reactions are the main issues for this technology.A fast and reversible oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for good performance of secondary batteries',but the partial knowledge of its mechanisms,especially when devices are concerned,hinders further development.From this perspective,the present work uses operando Raman experiments and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)to assess the first stages of the discharge processes in porous carbon electrodes,following their changes cycle by cycle at initial operation.A growth kinetic formation of the discharge product signal(Li_(2)O_(2))was observed with operando Raman,indicating a first-order reaction and enabling an analysis by a microkinetic model.The solution mechanism in the evaluated system was ascribed for an equivalent circuit with three time constants.While the time constant for the anode interface reveals to remain relatively constant after the first discharge,its surface seemed to be more non-uniform.The model indicated that the reaction occurs at the Li_(2)O_(2) surface,decreasing the associated resistance during the initial discharge phase.Furthermore,the growth of Li_(2)O_(2) forms a hetero-phase between Li_(2)O_(2)/electrolyte,while creating a more compact and homogeneous on the Li_(2)O_(2)/cathode surface.The methodology here described thus offers a way of directly probing changes in surface chemistry evolution during cycling from a device through EIS analysis.展开更多
Lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries have attracted significant attention due to their ultra-high theoretical energy density.However,serious challenges,such as potential lag,low-rate capability,round-trip efficiency,and ...Lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries have attracted significant attention due to their ultra-high theoretical energy density.However,serious challenges,such as potential lag,low-rate capability,round-trip efficiency,and poor cycle stability,greatly limit their practical application.This review provides a comprehensive account of the development of Li-O_(2)batteries,elucidates the current discharge/charge mechanism,and highlights both the advantages and bottlenecks of this technology.In particular,recent research progress on various cathode materials,such as carbon-based materials,noble metals,and non-noble metals,for Li-O_(2)batteries is deeply reviewed,emphasizing the impact of design strategies,material structures,chemical compositions,and microphysical parameters on oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)kinetics,as well as discharge products and overall battery performance.This review will also shed light on future research directions for oxygen electrode catalysts and material construction to facilitate the development of Li-O_(2)batteries with maximized electrochemical performance.展开更多
The inherent catalytic anisotropy of two-dimensional(2D) materials has limited the enhancement of LiO_(2) batteries(LOBs) performance due to the significantly different adsorption energies on 2D and edge surfaces.Tuni...The inherent catalytic anisotropy of two-dimensional(2D) materials has limited the enhancement of LiO_(2) batteries(LOBs) performance due to the significantly different adsorption energies on 2D and edge surfaces.Tuning the adsorption strength in 2D materials to the reaction intermediates is essential for achieving high-performance LOBs.Herein,a MnS/MoS_(2) heterostructure is designed as a cathode catalyst by adjusting the adsorption behavior at the surface.Different from the toroidal-like discharge products on the MoS_(2) cathode,the MnS/MoS_(2) surface displays an improved adsorption energy to reaction species,thereby promoting the growth of the film-like discharge products.MnS can disturb the layer growth of MoS_(2),in which the stack edge plane features a strong interaction with the intermediates and limits the growth of the discharge products.Experimental and theoretical results confirm that the MnS/MoS_(2) heterostructure possesses improved electron transfer kinetics at the interface and plays an important role in the adsorption process for reaction species,which finally affects the morphology of Li_2O_(2),In consequence,the MnS/MoS_(2) heterostructure exhibits a high specific capacity of 11696.0 mA h g^(-1) and good cycle stability over 1800 h with a fixed specific capacity of 600 mA h g^(-1) at current density of100 mA g^(-1) This work provides a novel interfacial engineering strategy to enhance the performance of LOBs by tuning the adsorption properties of 2D materials.展开更多
Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)has garnered great attentions as a prospective cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by virtue of its decent theoretical capacity,superior ion conductivity and high structural stab...Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)has garnered great attentions as a prospective cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by virtue of its decent theoretical capacity,superior ion conductivity and high structural stability.However,the inherently poor electronic conductivity and sluggish sodium-ion diffusion kinetics of NVP material give rise to inferior rate performance and unsatisfactory energy density,which strictly confine its further application in SIBs.Thus,it is of significance to boost the sodium storage performance of NVP cathode material.Up to now,many methods have been developed to optimize the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material.In this review,the latest advances in optimization strategies for improving the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material are well summarized and discussed,including carbon coating or modification,foreign-ion doping or substitution and nanostructure and morphology design.The foreign-ion doping or substitution is highlighted,involving Na,V,and PO_(4)^(3−)sites,which include single-site doping,multiple-site doping,single-ion doping,multiple-ion doping and so on.Furthermore,the challenges and prospects of high-performance NVP cathode material are also put forward.It is believed that this review can provide a useful reference for designing and developing high-performance NVP cathode material toward the large-scale application in SIBs.展开更多
Lithium nickel oxide(Li_(2)NiO_(2)),as a sacrificial cathode prelithiation additive,has been used to compensate for the lithium loss for improving the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,high-cost Li_(2)Ni...Lithium nickel oxide(Li_(2)NiO_(2)),as a sacrificial cathode prelithiation additive,has been used to compensate for the lithium loss for improving the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,high-cost Li_(2)NiO_(2)suffers from inferior delithiation kinetics during the first cycle.Herein,we investigated the effects of the cost-effective copper substituted Li_(2)Ni_(1-x)Cu_(x)O_(2)(x=0,0.2,0.3,0.5,0.7)synthesized by a high-temperature solid-phase method on the structure,morphology,electrochemical performance of graphite‖LiFePO_(4)battery.The X-ray diffraction(XRD)refinement result demonstrated that Cu substitution strategy could be favorable for eliminating the NiO_(x)impurity phase and weakening Li-O bond.Analysis on density of states(DOS)indicates that Cu substitution is good for enhancing the electronic conductivity,as well as reducing the delithi-ation voltage polarization confirmed by electrochemical characterizations.Therefore,the optimal Li_(2)Ni_(0.7)Cu_(0.3)O_(2)delivered a high delithiation capacity of 437 mAh·g^(-1),around 8%above that of the pristine Li_(2)NiO_(2).Furthermore,a graphite‖LiFePO_(4)pouch cell with a nominal capacity of 3000 mAh demonstrated a notably improved reversible capacity,energy density and cycle life through introducing 2 wt%Li_(2)Ni_(0.7)Cu_(0.3)O_(2)additive,delivering a 6.2 mAh·g^(-1)higher initial discharge capacity and achieving around 5%improvement in capacity retentnion at 0.5P over 1000 cycles.Additionally,the post-mortem analyses testified that the Li_(2)Ni_(0.7)Cu_(0.3)O_(2)additive could suppress solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)decomposition and homogenize the Li distribution,which benefits to stabilizing interface between graphite and electrolyte,and alleviating dendritic Li plating.In conclusion,the Li_(2)Ni_(0.7)Cu_(0.3)O_(2)additive may offer advantages such as lower cost,lower delithiation voltage and higher prelithiation capacity compared with Li_(2)NiO_(2),making it a promising candidate of cathode prelithiation additive for next-generation LIBs.展开更多
The distinguishing feature of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)lies in its robu st in-plane chemical bonds within layers,which are interconnected by the weak van der Waals forces between adjacent layers,offering a stable framework chara...The distinguishing feature of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)lies in its robu st in-plane chemical bonds within layers,which are interconnected by the weak van der Waals forces between adjacent layers,offering a stable framework characterized by enhanced interlayer spacing,thereby facilitating the migration of large-sized alkali metal ions.However,to date,there have been no reported studies on the ion storage performance of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2).In this study,Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)is synthesized via the chemical vapor transport method to assess its sodium/potassium storage capabilities.Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)is characterized by its impressive conductivity,a distinctive layered architecture,and a notably wide interlayer spacing,all of these attributes collectively contributing to its superior ion storage proficiency in both sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)and potassiumion batteries(PIBs).Specifically,it demonstrates exceptional electrochemical performance,maintaining a capacity of 291.8 mA h g^(-1)at 5 A g^(-1)in SIBs and 125.0 mA h g^(-1)over 6000 cycles at 3 A g^(-1)in PIBs.A series of in/ex situ characterizations uncover the reaction mechanism of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)in the both systems,involving a combined process of intercalation,conversion,and alloying.Theoretical calculations provide further insights into the high ion adsorption affinity and diffusion kinetics of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)in these systems.Analytical findings reveal its superior electrochemical performance in SIBs compared to PIBs,owing to higher diffusion kinetics and reactivity.This research establishes both experimental evidence and theoretical underpinnings for the utilization of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)in SIBs and PIBs,opening up a new avenue for the utilization of germanium-based ternary materials in the field of energy storage.展开更多
Lithium-carbon dioxide(Li-CO_(2))batteries using high ion-conductive inorganic molten salt electrolytes have recently attracted much attention due to the high energy density and potential application of carbon neutral...Lithium-carbon dioxide(Li-CO_(2))batteries using high ion-conductive inorganic molten salt electrolytes have recently attracted much attention due to the high energy density and potential application of carbon neutrality.However,the poor Li-ion conductivity of the molten-salt electrolytes at room temperature(RT)makes these batteries lose most of their capacity and power as the temperature falls below 80℃.Here,inspired by the greenhouse effect,we report an RT molten salt Li-CO_(2)battery where solar energy can be efficiently harvested and converted into heat that is further localized on the cathode consisting of plasmonic ruthenium(Ru)catalysts and Li_(2)CO_(3)-based products via a greenhouse-like phenomenon.As a result,the solar-driven molten salt Li-CO_(2)battery demonstrates a larger full discharge/charge capacity of 9.5 mA h/8.1 mA h,and a longer cycle lifespan of 250 cycles at 500 mA/g with a limited capacity of 500 mA h/g at RT than the molten salt Li-CO_(2)battery at 130℃.Notably,the average temperature of the cathode increases by 8℃ after discharge to 0.75 mA h,which indicates the infrared radiation from Ru catalysts can be effectively suppressed by discharged Li_(2)CO_(3)-based products.This battery technology paves the way for developing low-temperature molten salt energy storage devices.展开更多
Developing effective heterostructure strategies to mitigate the shuttling effect and accelerate lithium polysulfide(Li PS)conversion remains a critical challenge in lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries.Here,we report the f...Developing effective heterostructure strategies to mitigate the shuttling effect and accelerate lithium polysulfide(Li PS)conversion remains a critical challenge in lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries.Here,we report the first carbon–free VO_(2)–VS_(2)heterostructure material synthesized via in situ sulfurization,applied as a modifier on a commercial polypropylene(PP)separator(denoted as VO_(2)–VS_(2)@PP).The as–prepared VO_(2)–VS_(2)nanorods synergistically combine the high absorptivity of VO_(2)with the efficient catalytic properties of VS_(2),simultaneously enhancing Li PS anchoring and promoting its conversion.We systematically investigate the influence of material composition on battery performance,leveraging these functional attributes,Li–S cells incorporating VO_(2)–VS_(2)@PP exhibit exceptional cycle stability(over 500cycles at 1C),impressive rate performance(807 m Ah.g^(–1)at 5C),desirable reversibility(49.9%capacity retention after 300 cycles at 5C)and exceptional pouch cell performance(3.65 m Ah.cm^(–2)after 50 stable cycles at 0.1C).This study underscores the potential of tailored heterostructures in realizing high–performance Li–S batteries,offering new insights for next–generation energy storage solutions.展开更多
Mn-based P2-type oxides are considered as promising cathodes for Na-ion batteries;however,they face significant challenges,including structural degradation when charged at high cutoff voltages and structural changes u...Mn-based P2-type oxides are considered as promising cathodes for Na-ion batteries;however,they face significant challenges,including structural degradation when charged at high cutoff voltages and structural changes upon storing in a humid atmosphere.In response to these issues,we have designed an oxide with co-doping of Cu and Al which can balance both cost and structural stability.The redox reaction of Cu^(2+/3+)can provide certain charge compensation,and the introduction of Al can further suppress the Jahn-Teller effect of Mn,thereby achieving superior long-term cycling performance.The ex-situ XRD testing indicates that Cu/Al co-doping can effectively suppress the phase transition of P2-O2 at high voltage,thereby explaining the improvement in electrochemical performance.DFT calculations reveal a high chemical tolerance to moisture,with lower adsorption energy for H_(2)O compared to pure Na_(0.67)Cu_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2).A representative Na_(0.67)Cu_(0.20)Al_(0.05)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)cathode demonstrates impressive reversible capacities of 148.7 mAh/g at 0.2 C,along with a remarkable capacity retention of 79.1%(2 C,500 cycles).展开更多
The metal-carbon dioxide batteries,emerging as high-energy-density energy storage devices,enable direct CO_(2)utilization,offering promising prospects for CO_(2)capture and utilization,energy conversion,and storage.Ho...The metal-carbon dioxide batteries,emerging as high-energy-density energy storage devices,enable direct CO_(2)utilization,offering promising prospects for CO_(2)capture and utilization,energy conversion,and storage.However,the electrochemical performance of M-CO_(2)batteries faces significant challenges,particularly at extreme temperatures.Issues such as high overpotential,poor charge reversibility,and cycling capacity decay arise from complex reaction interfaces,sluggish oxidation kinetics,inefficient catalysts,dendrite growth,and unstable electrolytes.Despite significant advancements at room temperature,limited research has focused on the performance of M-CO_(2)batteries across a wide-temperature range.This review examines the effects of low and high temperatures on M-CO_(2)battery components and their reaction mechanism,as well as the advancements made in extending operational ranges from room temperature to extremely low and high temperatures.It discusses strategies to enhance electrochemical performance at extreme temperatures and outlines opportunities,challenges,and future directions for the development of M-CO_(2)batteries.展开更多
The electrochemical performance of layered O3-type NaCrO_(2)cathode material is significantly affected by the side reactions between NaCrO_(2)and electrolyte during sodium storage.A uniform Cr_(2)O_(3)coating layer wa...The electrochemical performance of layered O3-type NaCrO_(2)cathode material is significantly affected by the side reactions between NaCrO_(2)and electrolyte during sodium storage.A uniform Cr_(2)O_(3)coating layer was in situ constructed on the surface of NaCrO_(2)by controlling the excess ratio of sodium source.The structure,morphology,valence and electrochemical performance of the Cr_(2)O_(3)-coated NaCrO_(2)were characterized.The results indicate that the Cr_(2)O_(3)coating layer does not alter the crystal structure and morphology of NaCrO_(2),but effectively suppresses the side reactions between NaCrO_(2)and electrolyte,and improves the surface/interfacial stability of NaCrO_(2)material.The Cr_(2)O_(3)-coated NaCrO_(2)exhibits improved electrochemical performance with a capacity retention of 66.4%after 500 cycles at 10C.展开更多
Despite significant progress has been achieved regarding the shuttle-effect of lithium polysulfides,the suppressed specific capacity and retarded redox kinetics under high sulfur loading still threat the actual energy...Despite significant progress has been achieved regarding the shuttle-effect of lithium polysulfides,the suppressed specific capacity and retarded redox kinetics under high sulfur loading still threat the actual energy density and power density of lithium-sulfur batteries.In this study,a graham condenser-inspired carbon@WS_(2)host with coil-in-tube structure was designed and synthesized using anodic aluminum oxide(AAO)membrane with vertically aligned nanopores as template.The vertical array of carbon nanotubes with internal carbon coils not only leads to efficient charge transfer across through the thickness of the cathode,but also provides significant confinement to polysulfide diffusion towards both the lateral and longitudinal directions.Few-layer WS_(2)in the carbon coils perform a synergistic role in suppressing the shuttle-effect as well as boosting the cathodic kinetics.As a result,high specific capacity(1180 m Ah/g at 0.1 C)and long-cycling stability at 0.5 C for 500 cycles has been achieved at 3 mgS/cm^(2).Impressive areal capacity of 7.4 m Ah/cm^(2)has been demonstrated when the sulfur loading reaches 8.4 mg/cm^(2).The unique coil-in-tube structure developed in this work provides a new solution for high sulfur loading cathode towards practical lithium-sulfur batteries.展开更多
Manganese dioxide(MnO_(2))electrode material possesses the advantages of high energy density,structural diversity and high modification potential.This allows it become one of the important cathodes for aqueous zinc io...Manganese dioxide(MnO_(2))electrode material possesses the advantages of high energy density,structural diversity and high modification potential.This allows it become one of the important cathodes for aqueous zinc ion battery.However,the applications are limited by the poor electrical conductivity,narrow layer spacing and the ease of dissolution.Herein,we prepare MnO_(2)-PVP@0.03GO composites by the co-modification of polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)pre-insertion layer and graphene oxide(GO)self-assembly layer.The Zn//MnO_(2)-PVP@0.03GO cells deliver a discharge specific capacity of 442 mAh/g at a current density of 0.2 A/g.It also maintains 100%capacity for 1000 times cycling at 1 A/g.The assembled soft package batteries demonstrate superior flexibility and adaptability under different bending conditions.展开更多
As a cathode material for thermal batteries,NiS_(2)has a high theoretical capacity but low thermal stability.Besides,the poor formability of NiS_(2)powders also restricts the cathode performance of thermal batteries.I...As a cathode material for thermal batteries,NiS_(2)has a high theoretical capacity but low thermal stability.Besides,the poor formability of NiS_(2)powders also restricts the cathode performance of thermal batteries.In this paper,the novel NiS_(2)/SiO_(2)composite material was developed by high temperature vulcanization to improve the thermal stability formability of NiS_(2).The good filling and lubrication of spherical SiO_(2)can improve the thermal conductivity of NiS_(2)electrode.The discharge test shows that the NiS_(2)/SiO_(2)cathode has a stable discharge voltage at a current density of 200 mA/cm^(2),and the activation time is shortened by nearly 20%compared with the NiS_(2)cathode.In addition,due to the favorable thermal insulation protection of SiO_(2),the initial decomposition temperature of NiS_(2)is increased by 30℃after the addition of SiO_(2).The incorporation of SiO_(2)not only effectively improves the thermal stability and electrochemical properties of NiS_(2),but also improves the cold pressing forming performance of the NiS_(2)powder.Therefore,the novel NiS_(2)/SiO_(2)composite material is more suitable for thermal batteries with high stability and fast response,which is of great significance for improving the maneuverability and quality reliability of weapons and equipment.展开更多
The Li-CO_(2)battery has been highly rated as an intriguing technique for balancing the carbon cycle for years,but it is still significantly challenged by the obstacles such as limited reversibility,sluggish kinetics,...The Li-CO_(2)battery has been highly rated as an intriguing technique for balancing the carbon cycle for years,but it is still significantly challenged by the obstacles such as limited reversibility,sluggish kinetics,and poor energy efficiency.Hence,the design and development of advance catalysts that can enhance the kinetics and reversibility of the CO_(2)electrochemical cycling reactions are considered the imperative tasks.Transition metal-based catalysts are widely considered appealing owing to their unfilled dorbitals,rich and adjustable valences,as well as processibility.In this review,the working mechanism and the key issues of the CO_(2)electrochemical cycling reaction are discussed first.Then the strategies for composition and structure design of different type of transition metal-based catalysts are highlighted,including their benefits,limitations,and the ways to implement these strategies.Finally,based on the pioneering research,the perspectives on the challenges and key points for the future development of cathode catalyst are proposed.展开更多
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFB0100500)Special fund of key technology research and development projects (20180201097GX)(20180201099GX)(20180201096GX),Jilin province science and technology department+5 种基金The R&D Program of power batteries with low temperature and high energy,Science and Technology Bureau of Changchun (19SS013)Key Subject Construction of Physical Chemistry of Northeast Normal UniversityGeneral Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant 2016M601363)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant 2412017QD011)Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program (Grant 20180520143JH)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 21805030)。
文摘Conventional Li-O2 battery is hardly considered as a next-generation flexible electronics thus far,since it is inflexible,bulk,and limited by the absence of the adjustable cell configuration.Here,we report a binder-free and flexible electrode of x wt%MoO2 NPs/CTs(x=6,16,and 28).A cell with 16 wt% MoO2 NPs/CTs displays a good cyclability over 240 cycles with a low overpotential of 0.33 V on the 1st cycle at a constant current density of 0.2 mA cm-2,a considerable rate performance,a superior reversibility associated with the desired formation and degradation of Li2O2,and a high electrochemical stability even under stringent bending and twisting conditions.Our work represents a promising progress in the material development and architecture design of O2 electrode for flexible Li-O2 batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Grants:21871028,21771024)。
文摘Combining nanomaterials with complementary properties in a well-designed structure is an effective tactic to exploit multifunctional, high-performance materials for the energy conversion and storage. Nonprecious metal catalysts, such as cobalt oxide, with superior activity and excellent stability to other catalysts are widely desired. Nevertheless, the performance of CoO nanoparticles as an electrode material were significantly limit for its inferior conductivity, dissolution, and high cohesion. Herein, we grow ultrafine cobalt monoxide to decorate the interlayer and surface of the Ti3C2 Txnanosheets via a hydrothermal method companied by calcination. The layered MXenes act as the underlying conductive substrate,which not only increase the electron transfer rate at the interface but also greatly improve the electrochemical properties of the nanosized Co O particles by restricting the aggregation of CoO. The resulting CoO/Ti3C2 Txnanomaterial is applied as oxygen electrode for lithium-oxygen battery and achieves more than 160 cycles and first cycle capacity of 16,220 mAh g-1 at 100 mA g-1. This work paves a promising avenue for constructing a bi-functional catalyst by coupling the active component of a transition metal oxide(TMO) with the MXene materials in lithium-oxygen battery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52072173)the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jiangsu Province(SBZ2022000084).
文摘Li–CO_(2) batteries are considered promising energy storage systems in extreme environments such as Mars;however,severe performance degradation will occur at a subzero temperature owning to the sluggish reaction kinetics.Herein,a photo-energized strategy adopting sustainable solar energy in wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery was achieved with a binder-free MoS_(2)/carbon nanotube(CNT)photo-electrode as cathode.The unique layered structure and excellent photoelectric properties of MoS_(2) facilitate the abundant generation and rapid transfer of photo-excited carriers,which accelerate the CO_(2) reduction and Li_(2)CO_(3) decomposition upon illumination.The illuminated battery at room temperature exhibited high discharge voltage of 2.95 V and mitigated charge voltage of 3.27 V,attaining superior energy efficiency of 90.2%and excellent cycling stability of over 120 cycles.Even at an extremely low temperature of−30℃,the battery with same electrolyte can still deliver a small polarization of 0.45 V by the photoelectric and photothermal synergistic mechanism of MoS_(2)/CNT cathode.This work demonstrates the promising potential of the photo-energized wide working temperature range Li–CO_(2) battery in addressing the obstacle of charge overpotential and energy efficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21805018)by Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2022ZHCG0018,2023NSFSC0117 and 2023ZHCG0060)Yibin Science and Technology Program(No.2022JB005)and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M722704).
文摘Layered transition metal oxides have emerged as promising cathode materials for sodium ion batteries.However,irreversible phase transitions cause structural distortion and cation rearrangement,leading to sluggish Na+dynamics and rapid capacity decay.In this study,we propose a medium-entropy cathode by simultaneously introducing Fe,Mg,and Li dopants into a typical P2-type Na_(0.75)Ni_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)cathode.The modified Na_(0.75)Ni_(0.2125)Mn_(0.6375)Fe_(0.05)Mg_(0.05)Li_(0.05)O_(2)cathode predominantly exhibits a main P2 phase(93.5%)with a minor O3 phase(6.5%).Through spectroscopy techniques and electrochemical investigations,we elucidate the redox mechanisms of Ni^(2+/3+/4+),Mn^(3+/4+),Fe^(3+/4+),and O_(2)-/O_(2)^(n-)during charging/discharging.The medium-entropy doping mitigates the detrimental P2-O_(2)phase transition at high-voltage,replacing it with a moderate and reversible structural evolution(P2-OP4),thereby enhancing structural stability.Consequently,the modified cathode exhibits a remarkable rate capacity of 108.4 mAh·g^(-1)at 10C,with a capacity retention of 99.0%after 200 cycles at 1C,82.5%after 500 cycles at 5C,and 76.7%after 600 cycles at 10C.Furthermore,it also demonstrates superior electrochemical performance at high cutoff voltage of 4.5 V and extreme temperature(55 and 0℃).This work offers solutions to critical challenges in sodium ion batteries cathode materials.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.242300420021)the Major Science and Technology Projects of Henan Province(No.221100230200)+4 种基金the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Refractories(No.SKLAR202210)the Key Science and Technology Program of Henan Province(No.232102241020)the Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Henan Province(No.S202310464012)the Ph.D.Research Startup Foundation of Henan University of Science and Technology(No.400613480015)the Postdoctoral Research Startup Foundation of Henan University of Science and Technology(No.400613554001).
文摘Aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been regarded as promising alternatives to Li-ion batteries due to their advantages,such as low cost,high safety,and environmental friendliness.However,AZIBs face significant challenges in limited stability and lifetime owing to zinc dendrite growth and serious side reactions caused by water molecules in the aqueous electrolyte during cycling.To address these issues,a new eutectic electrolyte based on Zn(ClO_(4))_(2)·6H_(2)O-N-methylacetamide(ZN)is proposed in this work.Compared with aqueous electrolyte,the ZN eutectic electrolyte containing organic N-methylacetamide could regulate the solvated structure of Zn^(2+),effectively suppressing zinc dendrite growth and side reactions.As a result,the Zn//NH4 V4 O10 full cell with the eutectic ZN-1-3 electrolyte demonstrates significantly enhanced cycling stability after 1000 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).Therefore,this study not only presents a new eutectic electrolyte for zinc-ion batteries but also provides a deep understanding of the influence of Zn^(2+)solvation structure on the cycle stability,contributing to the exploration of novel electrolytes for high-performance AZIBs.
基金supported by the S?o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (2017/11958-1)the strategic importance of the support given by ANP (Brazil's National Oil,Natural Gas and Biofuels Agency)through the R&D levy regulation and the support from the Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education and Personnel (CAPES)CNPq (PQ-2 grant:Process 304442/2019-4 and UFMT STI-Server for access to their computing resources)。
文摘Lithium-oxygen batteries are a promising technology because they can greatly surpass the energy density of lithium-ion batteries.However,this theoretical characteristic has not yet been converted into a real device with high cyclability.Problems with air contamination,metallic lithium reactivity,and complex discharge and charge reactions are the main issues for this technology.A fast and reversible oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for good performance of secondary batteries',but the partial knowledge of its mechanisms,especially when devices are concerned,hinders further development.From this perspective,the present work uses operando Raman experiments and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)to assess the first stages of the discharge processes in porous carbon electrodes,following their changes cycle by cycle at initial operation.A growth kinetic formation of the discharge product signal(Li_(2)O_(2))was observed with operando Raman,indicating a first-order reaction and enabling an analysis by a microkinetic model.The solution mechanism in the evaluated system was ascribed for an equivalent circuit with three time constants.While the time constant for the anode interface reveals to remain relatively constant after the first discharge,its surface seemed to be more non-uniform.The model indicated that the reaction occurs at the Li_(2)O_(2) surface,decreasing the associated resistance during the initial discharge phase.Furthermore,the growth of Li_(2)O_(2) forms a hetero-phase between Li_(2)O_(2)/electrolyte,while creating a more compact and homogeneous on the Li_(2)O_(2)/cathode surface.The methodology here described thus offers a way of directly probing changes in surface chemistry evolution during cycling from a device through EIS analysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1663225,22293020 and 22293022)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFE0115800)+2 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT_15R52)of the Chinese Ministry of Educationthe Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities-Plan 111(B20002)from the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Education of Chinathe Belgium-China Governmental Key Cooperation Program WBI-MOST(SUB/2021/IND493971/524448)。
文摘Lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries have attracted significant attention due to their ultra-high theoretical energy density.However,serious challenges,such as potential lag,low-rate capability,round-trip efficiency,and poor cycle stability,greatly limit their practical application.This review provides a comprehensive account of the development of Li-O_(2)batteries,elucidates the current discharge/charge mechanism,and highlights both the advantages and bottlenecks of this technology.In particular,recent research progress on various cathode materials,such as carbon-based materials,noble metals,and non-noble metals,for Li-O_(2)batteries is deeply reviewed,emphasizing the impact of design strategies,material structures,chemical compositions,and microphysical parameters on oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)kinetics,as well as discharge products and overall battery performance.This review will also shed light on future research directions for oxygen electrode catalysts and material construction to facilitate the development of Li-O_(2)batteries with maximized electrochemical performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52173286, 52207249)Major basic research project of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023ZD12)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea (Hainan University) (MRUKF2023013)Open Program of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials (221024-K)。
文摘The inherent catalytic anisotropy of two-dimensional(2D) materials has limited the enhancement of LiO_(2) batteries(LOBs) performance due to the significantly different adsorption energies on 2D and edge surfaces.Tuning the adsorption strength in 2D materials to the reaction intermediates is essential for achieving high-performance LOBs.Herein,a MnS/MoS_(2) heterostructure is designed as a cathode catalyst by adjusting the adsorption behavior at the surface.Different from the toroidal-like discharge products on the MoS_(2) cathode,the MnS/MoS_(2) surface displays an improved adsorption energy to reaction species,thereby promoting the growth of the film-like discharge products.MnS can disturb the layer growth of MoS_(2),in which the stack edge plane features a strong interaction with the intermediates and limits the growth of the discharge products.Experimental and theoretical results confirm that the MnS/MoS_(2) heterostructure possesses improved electron transfer kinetics at the interface and plays an important role in the adsorption process for reaction species,which finally affects the morphology of Li_2O_(2),In consequence,the MnS/MoS_(2) heterostructure exhibits a high specific capacity of 11696.0 mA h g^(-1) and good cycle stability over 1800 h with a fixed specific capacity of 600 mA h g^(-1) at current density of100 mA g^(-1) This work provides a novel interfacial engineering strategy to enhance the performance of LOBs by tuning the adsorption properties of 2D materials.
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52272225).
文摘Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)has garnered great attentions as a prospective cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by virtue of its decent theoretical capacity,superior ion conductivity and high structural stability.However,the inherently poor electronic conductivity and sluggish sodium-ion diffusion kinetics of NVP material give rise to inferior rate performance and unsatisfactory energy density,which strictly confine its further application in SIBs.Thus,it is of significance to boost the sodium storage performance of NVP cathode material.Up to now,many methods have been developed to optimize the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material.In this review,the latest advances in optimization strategies for improving the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material are well summarized and discussed,including carbon coating or modification,foreign-ion doping or substitution and nanostructure and morphology design.The foreign-ion doping or substitution is highlighted,involving Na,V,and PO_(4)^(3−)sites,which include single-site doping,multiple-site doping,single-ion doping,multiple-ion doping and so on.Furthermore,the challenges and prospects of high-performance NVP cathode material are also put forward.It is believed that this review can provide a useful reference for designing and developing high-performance NVP cathode material toward the large-scale application in SIBs.
基金supported by the Significant Science and Technology Project in Xiamen(Future Industry Field)(Grant No.3502Z20231057).
文摘Lithium nickel oxide(Li_(2)NiO_(2)),as a sacrificial cathode prelithiation additive,has been used to compensate for the lithium loss for improving the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,high-cost Li_(2)NiO_(2)suffers from inferior delithiation kinetics during the first cycle.Herein,we investigated the effects of the cost-effective copper substituted Li_(2)Ni_(1-x)Cu_(x)O_(2)(x=0,0.2,0.3,0.5,0.7)synthesized by a high-temperature solid-phase method on the structure,morphology,electrochemical performance of graphite‖LiFePO_(4)battery.The X-ray diffraction(XRD)refinement result demonstrated that Cu substitution strategy could be favorable for eliminating the NiO_(x)impurity phase and weakening Li-O bond.Analysis on density of states(DOS)indicates that Cu substitution is good for enhancing the electronic conductivity,as well as reducing the delithi-ation voltage polarization confirmed by electrochemical characterizations.Therefore,the optimal Li_(2)Ni_(0.7)Cu_(0.3)O_(2)delivered a high delithiation capacity of 437 mAh·g^(-1),around 8%above that of the pristine Li_(2)NiO_(2).Furthermore,a graphite‖LiFePO_(4)pouch cell with a nominal capacity of 3000 mAh demonstrated a notably improved reversible capacity,energy density and cycle life through introducing 2 wt%Li_(2)Ni_(0.7)Cu_(0.3)O_(2)additive,delivering a 6.2 mAh·g^(-1)higher initial discharge capacity and achieving around 5%improvement in capacity retentnion at 0.5P over 1000 cycles.Additionally,the post-mortem analyses testified that the Li_(2)Ni_(0.7)Cu_(0.3)O_(2)additive could suppress solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)decomposition and homogenize the Li distribution,which benefits to stabilizing interface between graphite and electrolyte,and alleviating dendritic Li plating.In conclusion,the Li_(2)Ni_(0.7)Cu_(0.3)O_(2)additive may offer advantages such as lower cost,lower delithiation voltage and higher prelithiation capacity compared with Li_(2)NiO_(2),making it a promising candidate of cathode prelithiation additive for next-generation LIBs.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(222300420083)the Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbonbased Energy Resource of Xinjiang University(KFKT2021004)supported by the National Supercomputing Center in Zhengzhou and the Shanxi Supercomputing Center。
文摘The distinguishing feature of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)lies in its robu st in-plane chemical bonds within layers,which are interconnected by the weak van der Waals forces between adjacent layers,offering a stable framework characterized by enhanced interlayer spacing,thereby facilitating the migration of large-sized alkali metal ions.However,to date,there have been no reported studies on the ion storage performance of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2).In this study,Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)is synthesized via the chemical vapor transport method to assess its sodium/potassium storage capabilities.Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)is characterized by its impressive conductivity,a distinctive layered architecture,and a notably wide interlayer spacing,all of these attributes collectively contributing to its superior ion storage proficiency in both sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)and potassiumion batteries(PIBs).Specifically,it demonstrates exceptional electrochemical performance,maintaining a capacity of 291.8 mA h g^(-1)at 5 A g^(-1)in SIBs and 125.0 mA h g^(-1)over 6000 cycles at 3 A g^(-1)in PIBs.A series of in/ex situ characterizations uncover the reaction mechanism of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)in the both systems,involving a combined process of intercalation,conversion,and alloying.Theoretical calculations provide further insights into the high ion adsorption affinity and diffusion kinetics of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)in these systems.Analytical findings reveal its superior electrochemical performance in SIBs compared to PIBs,owing to higher diffusion kinetics and reactivity.This research establishes both experimental evidence and theoretical underpinnings for the utilization of Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)in SIBs and PIBs,opening up a new avenue for the utilization of germanium-based ternary materials in the field of energy storage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,62104099,61921005,62105048,62204117 and 62073299)the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Education Commission(KJQN202100633)+5 种基金the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(2021M693768 and 2021M701057)the Key Scientific Research Project in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province,China(21A416001)the Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials(KEKT2022-06)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210275 and BK20230498)the support from Jiangsu Province Science Foundation for Youths(BK20210275)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,62204117)。
文摘Lithium-carbon dioxide(Li-CO_(2))batteries using high ion-conductive inorganic molten salt electrolytes have recently attracted much attention due to the high energy density and potential application of carbon neutrality.However,the poor Li-ion conductivity of the molten-salt electrolytes at room temperature(RT)makes these batteries lose most of their capacity and power as the temperature falls below 80℃.Here,inspired by the greenhouse effect,we report an RT molten salt Li-CO_(2)battery where solar energy can be efficiently harvested and converted into heat that is further localized on the cathode consisting of plasmonic ruthenium(Ru)catalysts and Li_(2)CO_(3)-based products via a greenhouse-like phenomenon.As a result,the solar-driven molten salt Li-CO_(2)battery demonstrates a larger full discharge/charge capacity of 9.5 mA h/8.1 mA h,and a longer cycle lifespan of 250 cycles at 500 mA/g with a limited capacity of 500 mA h/g at RT than the molten salt Li-CO_(2)battery at 130℃.Notably,the average temperature of the cathode increases by 8℃ after discharge to 0.75 mA h,which indicates the infrared radiation from Ru catalysts can be effectively suppressed by discharged Li_(2)CO_(3)-based products.This battery technology paves the way for developing low-temperature molten salt energy storage devices.
基金financially supported by Jilin province science and technology department(No.20230402059GH)Changchun Science and Technology Bureau(No.23YQ11)+4 种基金Jilin Province Science and Technology Department major science and technology project(Nos.20220301004GX and 20220301005GX)Key Subject Construction of Physical Chemistry of Northeast Normal University(No.2412022XK004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22102020)the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education(No.KO2017-7351)Swedish Energy Agency(No.P2020-90216)。
文摘Developing effective heterostructure strategies to mitigate the shuttling effect and accelerate lithium polysulfide(Li PS)conversion remains a critical challenge in lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries.Here,we report the first carbon–free VO_(2)–VS_(2)heterostructure material synthesized via in situ sulfurization,applied as a modifier on a commercial polypropylene(PP)separator(denoted as VO_(2)–VS_(2)@PP).The as–prepared VO_(2)–VS_(2)nanorods synergistically combine the high absorptivity of VO_(2)with the efficient catalytic properties of VS_(2),simultaneously enhancing Li PS anchoring and promoting its conversion.We systematically investigate the influence of material composition on battery performance,leveraging these functional attributes,Li–S cells incorporating VO_(2)–VS_(2)@PP exhibit exceptional cycle stability(over 500cycles at 1C),impressive rate performance(807 m Ah.g^(–1)at 5C),desirable reversibility(49.9%capacity retention after 300 cycles at 5C)and exceptional pouch cell performance(3.65 m Ah.cm^(–2)after 50 stable cycles at 0.1C).This study underscores the potential of tailored heterostructures in realizing high–performance Li–S batteries,offering new insights for next–generation energy storage solutions.
基金supported by National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China(No.22308294)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22179077)+1 种基金Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.SJCX23_1868)Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu University and the Funding for school-level research projects of Yancheng Institute of Technology.
文摘Mn-based P2-type oxides are considered as promising cathodes for Na-ion batteries;however,they face significant challenges,including structural degradation when charged at high cutoff voltages and structural changes upon storing in a humid atmosphere.In response to these issues,we have designed an oxide with co-doping of Cu and Al which can balance both cost and structural stability.The redox reaction of Cu^(2+/3+)can provide certain charge compensation,and the introduction of Al can further suppress the Jahn-Teller effect of Mn,thereby achieving superior long-term cycling performance.The ex-situ XRD testing indicates that Cu/Al co-doping can effectively suppress the phase transition of P2-O2 at high voltage,thereby explaining the improvement in electrochemical performance.DFT calculations reveal a high chemical tolerance to moisture,with lower adsorption energy for H_(2)O compared to pure Na_(0.67)Cu_(0.25)Mn_(0.75)O_(2).A representative Na_(0.67)Cu_(0.20)Al_(0.05)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)cathode demonstrates impressive reversible capacities of 148.7 mAh/g at 0.2 C,along with a remarkable capacity retention of 79.1%(2 C,500 cycles).
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52201278,No.21975260,No.22379103,No.22409074).
文摘The metal-carbon dioxide batteries,emerging as high-energy-density energy storage devices,enable direct CO_(2)utilization,offering promising prospects for CO_(2)capture and utilization,energy conversion,and storage.However,the electrochemical performance of M-CO_(2)batteries faces significant challenges,particularly at extreme temperatures.Issues such as high overpotential,poor charge reversibility,and cycling capacity decay arise from complex reaction interfaces,sluggish oxidation kinetics,inefficient catalysts,dendrite growth,and unstable electrolytes.Despite significant advancements at room temperature,limited research has focused on the performance of M-CO_(2)batteries across a wide-temperature range.This review examines the effects of low and high temperatures on M-CO_(2)battery components and their reaction mechanism,as well as the advancements made in extending operational ranges from room temperature to extremely low and high temperatures.It discusses strategies to enhance electrochemical performance at extreme temperatures and outlines opportunities,challenges,and future directions for the development of M-CO_(2)batteries.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department,China(No.22B0741)。
文摘The electrochemical performance of layered O3-type NaCrO_(2)cathode material is significantly affected by the side reactions between NaCrO_(2)and electrolyte during sodium storage.A uniform Cr_(2)O_(3)coating layer was in situ constructed on the surface of NaCrO_(2)by controlling the excess ratio of sodium source.The structure,morphology,valence and electrochemical performance of the Cr_(2)O_(3)-coated NaCrO_(2)were characterized.The results indicate that the Cr_(2)O_(3)coating layer does not alter the crystal structure and morphology of NaCrO_(2),but effectively suppresses the side reactions between NaCrO_(2)and electrolyte,and improves the surface/interfacial stability of NaCrO_(2)material.The Cr_(2)O_(3)-coated NaCrO_(2)exhibits improved electrochemical performance with a capacity retention of 66.4%after 500 cycles at 10C.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22075027,52003030)Starting Grant from Beijing Institute of Technology and financial support from the State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection(Nos.YBKT2106,YBKT23-05)Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars。
文摘Despite significant progress has been achieved regarding the shuttle-effect of lithium polysulfides,the suppressed specific capacity and retarded redox kinetics under high sulfur loading still threat the actual energy density and power density of lithium-sulfur batteries.In this study,a graham condenser-inspired carbon@WS_(2)host with coil-in-tube structure was designed and synthesized using anodic aluminum oxide(AAO)membrane with vertically aligned nanopores as template.The vertical array of carbon nanotubes with internal carbon coils not only leads to efficient charge transfer across through the thickness of the cathode,but also provides significant confinement to polysulfide diffusion towards both the lateral and longitudinal directions.Few-layer WS_(2)in the carbon coils perform a synergistic role in suppressing the shuttle-effect as well as boosting the cathodic kinetics.As a result,high specific capacity(1180 m Ah/g at 0.1 C)and long-cycling stability at 0.5 C for 500 cycles has been achieved at 3 mgS/cm^(2).Impressive areal capacity of 7.4 m Ah/cm^(2)has been demonstrated when the sulfur loading reaches 8.4 mg/cm^(2).The unique coil-in-tube structure developed in this work provides a new solution for high sulfur loading cathode towards practical lithium-sulfur batteries.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52172218).
文摘Manganese dioxide(MnO_(2))electrode material possesses the advantages of high energy density,structural diversity and high modification potential.This allows it become one of the important cathodes for aqueous zinc ion battery.However,the applications are limited by the poor electrical conductivity,narrow layer spacing and the ease of dissolution.Herein,we prepare MnO_(2)-PVP@0.03GO composites by the co-modification of polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)pre-insertion layer and graphene oxide(GO)self-assembly layer.The Zn//MnO_(2)-PVP@0.03GO cells deliver a discharge specific capacity of 442 mAh/g at a current density of 0.2 A/g.It also maintains 100%capacity for 1000 times cycling at 1 A/g.The assembled soft package batteries demonstrate superior flexibility and adaptability under different bending conditions.
基金Project(23JCYBJC01870)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,ChinaProject(U22A20119)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘As a cathode material for thermal batteries,NiS_(2)has a high theoretical capacity but low thermal stability.Besides,the poor formability of NiS_(2)powders also restricts the cathode performance of thermal batteries.In this paper,the novel NiS_(2)/SiO_(2)composite material was developed by high temperature vulcanization to improve the thermal stability formability of NiS_(2).The good filling and lubrication of spherical SiO_(2)can improve the thermal conductivity of NiS_(2)electrode.The discharge test shows that the NiS_(2)/SiO_(2)cathode has a stable discharge voltage at a current density of 200 mA/cm^(2),and the activation time is shortened by nearly 20%compared with the NiS_(2)cathode.In addition,due to the favorable thermal insulation protection of SiO_(2),the initial decomposition temperature of NiS_(2)is increased by 30℃after the addition of SiO_(2).The incorporation of SiO_(2)not only effectively improves the thermal stability and electrochemical properties of NiS_(2),but also improves the cold pressing forming performance of the NiS_(2)powder.Therefore,the novel NiS_(2)/SiO_(2)composite material is more suitable for thermal batteries with high stability and fast response,which is of great significance for improving the maneuverability and quality reliability of weapons and equipment.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52201254,52234001,52074177)the National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFC3900905)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020QE012,ZR2020MB090,ZR2023ME155,ZR2023ME085)the Scientific Research Foundation for New Talents in University of Jinan(XRC2406)the project of “20 Items of University”of Jinan(202228046)the Introducing Major Universities and Research Institutions to Jointly Build Innovative Carrier Project of Jining City(2023DYDS022)。
文摘The Li-CO_(2)battery has been highly rated as an intriguing technique for balancing the carbon cycle for years,but it is still significantly challenged by the obstacles such as limited reversibility,sluggish kinetics,and poor energy efficiency.Hence,the design and development of advance catalysts that can enhance the kinetics and reversibility of the CO_(2)electrochemical cycling reactions are considered the imperative tasks.Transition metal-based catalysts are widely considered appealing owing to their unfilled dorbitals,rich and adjustable valences,as well as processibility.In this review,the working mechanism and the key issues of the CO_(2)electrochemical cycling reaction are discussed first.Then the strategies for composition and structure design of different type of transition metal-based catalysts are highlighted,including their benefits,limitations,and the ways to implement these strategies.Finally,based on the pioneering research,the perspectives on the challenges and key points for the future development of cathode catalyst are proposed.
