The conductivity of non-crystalline fast ionic conductor for B_2O_3-Li_2O-LiCl-Al_2O_3 system is studiedin this paper. The glass structure of this system is discussed by means of infrared spectrum and X-ray fluorescen...The conductivity of non-crystalline fast ionic conductor for B_2O_3-Li_2O-LiCl-Al_2O_3 system is studiedin this paper. The glass structure of this system is discussed by means of infrared spectrum and X-ray fluorescence analysis, and the effects of LiCl and A1_2O_3 on the conductivity of Li^+ in the system are studied as well. Adding Li_2O to the system gives rise to transfer from [BO_3] triangular units to [BO_4] tetrahedral. When Li_2O content exceeds 30mol%, the main group of the glass is the diborate group with more [BO_4] tetrahedra. The adding of LiCl has no obvious influence on the glass structure, and LiCl is under a state dissociated by network, but with the increase of LiCl, the increase of conductivity is obvious. By adding A1_2O_3, the glass can be formed when the room-temperature is cooling down,the conductivity decreases while the conductive activatory energy increases for the glass. The experiment shows that conductivity in the room-temperature is σ= 6.2×10^(-6)Ω^(-1)cm^(-1), when at 300℃, the σ=6.8×10^(-3)Ω^(-1)cm^(-1). The conductive activatory energy computed is 0.6～1.0eV.展开更多
Regulating lithium(Li)plating/stripping behavior in three-dimensional(3D)conductive scaffolds is critical to stabilizing Li metal batteries(LMBs).Surface protrusions and roughness in these scaffolds can induce uneven ...Regulating lithium(Li)plating/stripping behavior in three-dimensional(3D)conductive scaffolds is critical to stabilizing Li metal batteries(LMBs).Surface protrusions and roughness in these scaffolds can induce uneven distributions of the electric fields and ionic concentrations,forming“hot spots.”Hot spots may cause uncontrollable Li dendrites growth,presenting significant challenges to the cycle stability and safety of LMBs.To address these issues,we construct a Li ionic conductive-dielectric gradient bifunctional interlayer(ICDL)onto a 3D Li-injected graphene/carbon nanotube scaffold(LGCF)via in situ reaction of exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride(fhBN)and molten Li.Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses reveal that ICDL consists of fhBN-rich outer layer and inner layer enriched with Li_(3)N and Li-boron composites(Li-B).The outer layer utilizes dielectric properties to effectively homogenize the electric field,while the inner layer ensures high Li ion conductivity.Moreover,DFT calculations indicate that ICDL can effectively adsorb Li and decrease the Li diffusion barrier,promoting enhanced Li ion transport.The modulation of Li kinetics by ICDL increases the critical length of the Li nucleus,enabling suppression of Li dendrite growth.Attributing to these advantages,the ICDL-coated LGCF(ICDL@LGCF)demonstrates impressive long-term cycle performances in both symmetric cells and full cells.展开更多
The pursuit of high energy density has promoted the development of high-performance lithium metal batteries.However,it faces a serious security problem.Ionic liquids have attracted great attention due to their high io...The pursuit of high energy density has promoted the development of high-performance lithium metal batteries.However,it faces a serious security problem.Ionic liquids have attracted great attention due to their high ionic conductivity,non-flammability,and the properties of promoting the formation of stable SEI films.Deeply understanding the problems existing in lithium metal batteries and the role of ionic liquids in them is of great significance for improving the performance of lithium metal batteries.This article reviews the effects of the molecular structure of ionic liquids on ionic conductivity,Li^(+)ion transference number,electrochemical stability window,and lithium metal anode/electrolyte interface,as well as the application of ionic liquids in Li-high voltage cathode batteries,Li-O_(2) batteries and Li-S batteries.The molecular design,composition and polymerization will be the main strategies for the future development of ionic liquid-based electrolytes for high performance lithium metal battery.展开更多
The concept of all-solid-state batteries provides an efficient solution towards highly safe and long-life energy storage,while the electrolyte-related challenges impede their practical application.Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12(0...The concept of all-solid-state batteries provides an efficient solution towards highly safe and long-life energy storage,while the electrolyte-related challenges impede their practical application.Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12(0≤x≤1)with superior Li ionic conductivity holds the promise as an ideal solidstate electrolyte.The intrinsic mechanism to reach the most optimum ionic conductivity in Al-doped Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12,however,is unclear to date.Herein,this work intends to provide an atomic scale study on the Li-ion transport in Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12electrolyte to rationalize how Al-dopant initiates interstitial Li activity and facilitate their easy mobility combining Density Functional Theory(DFT)and ab initio Molecular dynamics(AIMD)simulations.It is discovered that the interstitial Li ions introduced by Al dopants can effectively activate the neighboring occupied intrinsic Li-ions to induce a long-range mobility in the lattice and the maximum Li ionic conductivity is achieved at 0.50 Al doping concentration.The Li-ion migration paths in Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12have investigated as the degree of distortion of[PO4]tetrahedra and[TiO6]octahedra resulted by different Al doping concentrations.The asymmetry of the surrounding distorted[PO4]and[TiO6]polyhedrons play a critical role in reducing the migration barrier of Li ions in Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12.The flexible[Ti O6]polyhedrons with a capacity to accommodate the structural distortion govern the Li ionic conductivity in Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12.This work rationalizes the mechanism for the most optimum Li ionic conductivity in Al-doped Li Ti2P3O12electrolyte and,more importantly,paves a road for exploring novel all-solid-state lithium battery electrolytes.展开更多
The practical application of lithium(Li)metal batteries(LMBs)faces challenges due to the irreversible Li deposition/dissolution process,which promotes Li dendrite growth with severe parasitic reactions during cycling....The practical application of lithium(Li)metal batteries(LMBs)faces challenges due to the irreversible Li deposition/dissolution process,which promotes Li dendrite growth with severe parasitic reactions during cycling.To address these issues,achieving uniform Li‐ion flux and improving Li‐ion conductivity of the separator are the top priorities.Herein,a separator(PCELS)with enhanced Li‐ion conductivity,composed of polymer,ceramic,and electrically conductive carbon,is proposed to facilitate fast Li‐ion transport kinetics and increase Li deposition uniformity of the LMBs.The PCELS immobilizes PF6–anions with high adsorption energies,leading to a high Li‐ion transference number.Simultaneously,the PCELS shows excellent electrolyte wettability on both its sides,promoting rapid ion transport.Moreover,the electrically conductive carbon within the PCELS provides additional electron transport channels,enabling efficient charge transfer and uniform Li‐ion flux.With these advantages,the PCELS achieves rapid Li‐ion transport kinetics and uniform Li deposition,demonstrating excellent cycling stability over 100 cycles at a high current density of 12.0 mA cm–2.Furthermore,the PCELS shows stable cycling performances in Li–S cell tests and delivers an excellent capacity retention of 95.45%in the Li|LiFePO4 full‐cell test with a high areal capacity of over 5.5 mAh cm–2.展开更多
The shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and the uncontrollable deposition of lithium sulfides(Li_(2)S)severely hinder the realization of high-performance lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.Herein,we fabricated a carbon ...The shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and the uncontrollable deposition of lithium sulfides(Li_(2)S)severely hinder the realization of high-performance lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.Herein,we fabricated a carbon cloth(CC)-based self-supported interlayer(denoted as Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC),which is covered with Co_(4)S_(3)-embedded porous carbon nanoarrays through a facile two-step method with cobalt-based metal-organic framework(Co-MOF)nanosheets as the template.The interconnected carbon network and the polar Co_(4)S_(3)nanoparticles in the Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC interlayer not only effectively suppress the polysulfide shuttle,but also significantly facilitate the lithium ion(Li^(+))conduction with a considerable Li^(+)transference number of 0.86.Besides,the rich interfaces between the polar Co_(4)S_(3)nanoparticles and the conductive carbon substrate serve as reaction sites to accelerate the polysulfide conversion and guide the flower-like growth of Li_(2)S,which ultimately mitigates the interlayer surface passivation and improves the sulfur utilization.Therefore,the Li-S batteries with the Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC interlayer deliver an excellent rate capacity(368.7 mA h g^(−1)at 10 C),a stable cycling performance(a low fading rate of 0.045%per cycle over 1400 cycles at 2.0 C),and a high initial areal capacity(4.83 mA h cm^(−2)at 0.2 C under a sulfur loading of 4.6 mg cm^(−2)).This work provides a perspective on the self-supported catalytic interlayer for the selective Li^(+)conduction and Li_(2)S regulation toward high-performance Li-S batteries.展开更多
Chloride solid electrolytes(SEs)have attracted widespread attention due to their high room-temperature ionic conductivity and excellent cathode compatibility.However,the conventionally selected central metal elements(...Chloride solid electrolytes(SEs)have attracted widespread attention due to their high room-temperature ionic conductivity and excellent cathode compatibility.However,the conventionally selected central metal elements(e.g.,In,Y and Ta)are usually rare and heavy,inevitably causing the high cost and high density of the obtained chloride SEs.Here,by choosing abundant and light Mg and Al as central metal elements,we develop a cheap and low density Li_(1.2)Mg_(0.95)Al_(0.3)Cl_(4)SE for high active material ratio in all solid state cathode.Partial replacement of Mg^(2+)by Al^(3+)in the framework yields vacancies and lowers the non-lithium metal ions occupancy at Mg/Li co-occupied 16d site,effectively relieving the blocking effects by Mg^(2+)in the pristine spinel Li_(2-2x)Mg_(1+x)Cl_(4).Thus,a significantly improved room-temperature conductivity of 3.08×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1)is achieved,two orders of magnitude higher than that of Li_(1.2)Mg_(1.4)Cl_(4).More attractively,its low density of only 1.98 g·cm-3 enables low SE mass ratio in cathodes(only 16 wt.%)with still effective electrolyte/cathode contact and lithium-ion conduction inside.When charged to potential of 4.30 V,the asfabricated Li_(1.2)Mg_(0.95)Al_(0.3)Cl_(4)-based solid lithium battery with uncoated NCM523 cathode can be cycled for over 100 cycles with a capacity retention of 86.68%at room temperature.展开更多
Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)with high Li+conductivity(δLi^(+))and trifling grain boundaries have great potential for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).Nonetheless,the in-situ developmen...Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)with high Li+conductivity(δLi^(+))and trifling grain boundaries have great potential for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).Nonetheless,the in-situ development of mixed ionic-electronic conducting solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)at sulfide electrolyte/Li-metal anode interface induces uneven Li electrodeposition,which causes Li-dendrites and void formation,significantly severely deteriorating ASSLMBs.Herein,we propose a dual anionic,e.g.,F and N,doping strategy to Li7P3S11,tuning its composition in conjunction with the chemistry of SEI.Therefore,novel Li_(6.58)P_(2.76)N_(0.03)S_(10.12)F_(0.05)glass-ceramic electrolyte(Li_(7)P_(3)S_(11-5)LiF-3Li_(3)N-gce)achieved superior ionic(4.33 mS·cm^(−1))and lowest electronic conductivity of 4.33×10^(−10)S·cm^(−1)and thus,offered superior critical current density of 0.90 mA·cm^(−2)(2.5 times】Li7P3S11)at room temperature(RT).Notably,Li//Li cell with Li6.58P2.76N0.03S10.12F0.05-gce cycled stably over 1000 and 600 h at 0.2 and 0.3 mA·cm^(−2)credited to robust and highly conductive SEI(in-situ)enriched with LiF and Li3N species.Li3N’s wettability renders SEI to be highly Li+conductive,ensures an intimate interfacial contact,blocks reductive reactions,prevents Li-dendrites and facilitates fast Li+kinetics.Consequently,LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O_(2)(NCA)/Li_(6.58)P_(2.76)N_(0.03)S_(10.12)F_(0.05)-gce/Li cell exhibited an outstanding first reversible capacity of 200.8/240.1 mAh·g^(−1)with 83.67%Coulombic efficiency,retained 85.11%of its original reversible capacity at 0.3 mA·cm^(−2)over 165 cycles at RT.展开更多
文摘The conductivity of non-crystalline fast ionic conductor for B_2O_3-Li_2O-LiCl-Al_2O_3 system is studiedin this paper. The glass structure of this system is discussed by means of infrared spectrum and X-ray fluorescence analysis, and the effects of LiCl and A1_2O_3 on the conductivity of Li^+ in the system are studied as well. Adding Li_2O to the system gives rise to transfer from [BO_3] triangular units to [BO_4] tetrahedral. When Li_2O content exceeds 30mol%, the main group of the glass is the diborate group with more [BO_4] tetrahedra. The adding of LiCl has no obvious influence on the glass structure, and LiCl is under a state dissociated by network, but with the increase of LiCl, the increase of conductivity is obvious. By adding A1_2O_3, the glass can be formed when the room-temperature is cooling down,the conductivity decreases while the conductive activatory energy increases for the glass. The experiment shows that conductivity in the room-temperature is σ= 6.2×10^(-6)Ω^(-1)cm^(-1), when at 300℃, the σ=6.8×10^(-3)Ω^(-1)cm^(-1). The conductive activatory energy computed is 0.6～1.0eV.
基金the financial support from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2023R1A2C2007699 and 2022R1A6A1A0306303912)the Nano Material Technology Development Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2015M3A7B6027970)the Technology Innovation Program by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (RS-202300236794)
文摘Regulating lithium(Li)plating/stripping behavior in three-dimensional(3D)conductive scaffolds is critical to stabilizing Li metal batteries(LMBs).Surface protrusions and roughness in these scaffolds can induce uneven distributions of the electric fields and ionic concentrations,forming“hot spots.”Hot spots may cause uncontrollable Li dendrites growth,presenting significant challenges to the cycle stability and safety of LMBs.To address these issues,we construct a Li ionic conductive-dielectric gradient bifunctional interlayer(ICDL)onto a 3D Li-injected graphene/carbon nanotube scaffold(LGCF)via in situ reaction of exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride(fhBN)and molten Li.Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses reveal that ICDL consists of fhBN-rich outer layer and inner layer enriched with Li_(3)N and Li-boron composites(Li-B).The outer layer utilizes dielectric properties to effectively homogenize the electric field,while the inner layer ensures high Li ion conductivity.Moreover,DFT calculations indicate that ICDL can effectively adsorb Li and decrease the Li diffusion barrier,promoting enhanced Li ion transport.The modulation of Li kinetics by ICDL increases the critical length of the Li nucleus,enabling suppression of Li dendrite growth.Attributing to these advantages,the ICDL-coated LGCF(ICDL@LGCF)demonstrates impressive long-term cycle performances in both symmetric cells and full cells.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21503131 and 51711530162)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission(19640770300)+2 种基金the Shanghai Engineering Research Center of New Materials and Application for Resources and Environment(18DZ2281400)the Professional and Technical Service Platform for Designing and Manufacturing of Advanced Composite Materials(Shanghai)(19DZ2293100)the Engineering Research Center of Material Composition and Advanced Dispersion Technology,Ministry of Education。
文摘The pursuit of high energy density has promoted the development of high-performance lithium metal batteries.However,it faces a serious security problem.Ionic liquids have attracted great attention due to their high ionic conductivity,non-flammability,and the properties of promoting the formation of stable SEI films.Deeply understanding the problems existing in lithium metal batteries and the role of ionic liquids in them is of great significance for improving the performance of lithium metal batteries.This article reviews the effects of the molecular structure of ionic liquids on ionic conductivity,Li^(+)ion transference number,electrochemical stability window,and lithium metal anode/electrolyte interface,as well as the application of ionic liquids in Li-high voltage cathode batteries,Li-O_(2) batteries and Li-S batteries.The molecular design,composition and polymerization will be the main strategies for the future development of ionic liquid-based electrolytes for high performance lithium metal battery.
基金supported by the honored scholarship of Queensland University of Technology,Australian Research Council(ARC)through ARC Future Fellowship projects(FT 160100281 and FT180100387)ARC Discovery Project(DP160102627)。
文摘The concept of all-solid-state batteries provides an efficient solution towards highly safe and long-life energy storage,while the electrolyte-related challenges impede their practical application.Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12(0≤x≤1)with superior Li ionic conductivity holds the promise as an ideal solidstate electrolyte.The intrinsic mechanism to reach the most optimum ionic conductivity in Al-doped Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12,however,is unclear to date.Herein,this work intends to provide an atomic scale study on the Li-ion transport in Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12electrolyte to rationalize how Al-dopant initiates interstitial Li activity and facilitate their easy mobility combining Density Functional Theory(DFT)and ab initio Molecular dynamics(AIMD)simulations.It is discovered that the interstitial Li ions introduced by Al dopants can effectively activate the neighboring occupied intrinsic Li-ions to induce a long-range mobility in the lattice and the maximum Li ionic conductivity is achieved at 0.50 Al doping concentration.The Li-ion migration paths in Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12have investigated as the degree of distortion of[PO4]tetrahedra and[TiO6]octahedra resulted by different Al doping concentrations.The asymmetry of the surrounding distorted[PO4]and[TiO6]polyhedrons play a critical role in reducing the migration barrier of Li ions in Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12.The flexible[Ti O6]polyhedrons with a capacity to accommodate the structural distortion govern the Li ionic conductivity in Li1+xAlxTi2-xP3O12.This work rationalizes the mechanism for the most optimum Li ionic conductivity in Al-doped Li Ti2P3O12electrolyte and,more importantly,paves a road for exploring novel all-solid-state lithium battery electrolytes.
基金supported by Ministry of Science and ICT,South Korea(RS‐2024‐00407282)National Research Foundation of Korea(RS‐2024‐00408156).
文摘The practical application of lithium(Li)metal batteries(LMBs)faces challenges due to the irreversible Li deposition/dissolution process,which promotes Li dendrite growth with severe parasitic reactions during cycling.To address these issues,achieving uniform Li‐ion flux and improving Li‐ion conductivity of the separator are the top priorities.Herein,a separator(PCELS)with enhanced Li‐ion conductivity,composed of polymer,ceramic,and electrically conductive carbon,is proposed to facilitate fast Li‐ion transport kinetics and increase Li deposition uniformity of the LMBs.The PCELS immobilizes PF6–anions with high adsorption energies,leading to a high Li‐ion transference number.Simultaneously,the PCELS shows excellent electrolyte wettability on both its sides,promoting rapid ion transport.Moreover,the electrically conductive carbon within the PCELS provides additional electron transport channels,enabling efficient charge transfer and uniform Li‐ion flux.With these advantages,the PCELS achieves rapid Li‐ion transport kinetics and uniform Li deposition,demonstrating excellent cycling stability over 100 cycles at a high current density of 12.0 mA cm–2.Furthermore,the PCELS shows stable cycling performances in Li–S cell tests and delivers an excellent capacity retention of 95.45%in the Li|LiFePO4 full‐cell test with a high areal capacity of over 5.5 mAh cm–2.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51871188,51931006)。
文摘The shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and the uncontrollable deposition of lithium sulfides(Li_(2)S)severely hinder the realization of high-performance lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.Herein,we fabricated a carbon cloth(CC)-based self-supported interlayer(denoted as Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC),which is covered with Co_(4)S_(3)-embedded porous carbon nanoarrays through a facile two-step method with cobalt-based metal-organic framework(Co-MOF)nanosheets as the template.The interconnected carbon network and the polar Co_(4)S_(3)nanoparticles in the Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC interlayer not only effectively suppress the polysulfide shuttle,but also significantly facilitate the lithium ion(Li^(+))conduction with a considerable Li^(+)transference number of 0.86.Besides,the rich interfaces between the polar Co_(4)S_(3)nanoparticles and the conductive carbon substrate serve as reaction sites to accelerate the polysulfide conversion and guide the flower-like growth of Li_(2)S,which ultimately mitigates the interlayer surface passivation and improves the sulfur utilization.Therefore,the Li-S batteries with the Co_(4)S_(3)/C@CC interlayer deliver an excellent rate capacity(368.7 mA h g^(−1)at 10 C),a stable cycling performance(a low fading rate of 0.045%per cycle over 1400 cycles at 2.0 C),and a high initial areal capacity(4.83 mA h cm^(−2)at 0.2 C under a sulfur loading of 4.6 mg cm^(−2)).This work provides a perspective on the self-supported catalytic interlayer for the selective Li^(+)conduction and Li_(2)S regulation toward high-performance Li-S batteries.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22325505,52073271,and 22305236)the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(No.YD2060002034)+1 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center,CAS(No.2022HSC-CIP018)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2023M733375 and 2023T160619).
文摘Chloride solid electrolytes(SEs)have attracted widespread attention due to their high room-temperature ionic conductivity and excellent cathode compatibility.However,the conventionally selected central metal elements(e.g.,In,Y and Ta)are usually rare and heavy,inevitably causing the high cost and high density of the obtained chloride SEs.Here,by choosing abundant and light Mg and Al as central metal elements,we develop a cheap and low density Li_(1.2)Mg_(0.95)Al_(0.3)Cl_(4)SE for high active material ratio in all solid state cathode.Partial replacement of Mg^(2+)by Al^(3+)in the framework yields vacancies and lowers the non-lithium metal ions occupancy at Mg/Li co-occupied 16d site,effectively relieving the blocking effects by Mg^(2+)in the pristine spinel Li_(2-2x)Mg_(1+x)Cl_(4).Thus,a significantly improved room-temperature conductivity of 3.08×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1)is achieved,two orders of magnitude higher than that of Li_(1.2)Mg_(1.4)Cl_(4).More attractively,its low density of only 1.98 g·cm-3 enables low SE mass ratio in cathodes(only 16 wt.%)with still effective electrolyte/cathode contact and lithium-ion conduction inside.When charged to potential of 4.30 V,the asfabricated Li_(1.2)Mg_(0.95)Al_(0.3)Cl_(4)-based solid lithium battery with uncoated NCM523 cathode can be cycled for over 100 cycles with a capacity retention of 86.68%at room temperature.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21203008,21975025,12274025 and 22372008)Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(Nos.ZDYF2021SHFZ232 and ZDYF2023GXJS022)Hainan Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.300333)supported this work.
文摘Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)with high Li+conductivity(δLi^(+))and trifling grain boundaries have great potential for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).Nonetheless,the in-situ development of mixed ionic-electronic conducting solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)at sulfide electrolyte/Li-metal anode interface induces uneven Li electrodeposition,which causes Li-dendrites and void formation,significantly severely deteriorating ASSLMBs.Herein,we propose a dual anionic,e.g.,F and N,doping strategy to Li7P3S11,tuning its composition in conjunction with the chemistry of SEI.Therefore,novel Li_(6.58)P_(2.76)N_(0.03)S_(10.12)F_(0.05)glass-ceramic electrolyte(Li_(7)P_(3)S_(11-5)LiF-3Li_(3)N-gce)achieved superior ionic(4.33 mS·cm^(−1))and lowest electronic conductivity of 4.33×10^(−10)S·cm^(−1)and thus,offered superior critical current density of 0.90 mA·cm^(−2)(2.5 times】Li7P3S11)at room temperature(RT).Notably,Li//Li cell with Li6.58P2.76N0.03S10.12F0.05-gce cycled stably over 1000 and 600 h at 0.2 and 0.3 mA·cm^(−2)credited to robust and highly conductive SEI(in-situ)enriched with LiF and Li3N species.Li3N’s wettability renders SEI to be highly Li+conductive,ensures an intimate interfacial contact,blocks reductive reactions,prevents Li-dendrites and facilitates fast Li+kinetics.Consequently,LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O_(2)(NCA)/Li_(6.58)P_(2.76)N_(0.03)S_(10.12)F_(0.05)-gce/Li cell exhibited an outstanding first reversible capacity of 200.8/240.1 mAh·g^(−1)with 83.67%Coulombic efficiency,retained 85.11%of its original reversible capacity at 0.3 mA·cm^(−2)over 165 cycles at RT.
