In 2022,Leukemia is the 13th most common diagnosis of cancer globally as per the source of the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC).Leukemia is still a threat and challenge for all regions because of 46.6...In 2022,Leukemia is the 13th most common diagnosis of cancer globally as per the source of the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC).Leukemia is still a threat and challenge for all regions because of 46.6%infection in Asia,and 22.1%and 14.7%infection rates in Europe and North America,respectively.To study the dynamics of Leukemia,the population of cells has been divided into three subpopulations of cells susceptible cells,infected cells,and immune cells.To investigate the memory effects and uncertainty in disease progression,leukemia modeling is developed using stochastic fractional delay differential equations(SFDDEs).The feasible properties of positivity,boundedness,and equilibria(i.e.,Leukemia Free Equilibrium(LFE)and Leukemia Present Equilibrium(LPE))of the model were studied rigorously.The local and global stabilities and sensitivity of the parameters around the equilibria under the assumption of reproduction numbers were investigated.To support the theoretical analysis of the model,the Grunwald Letnikov Nonstandard Finite Difference(GL-NSFD)method was used to simulate the results of each subpopulation with memory effect.Also,the positivity and boundedness of the proposed method were studied.Our results show how different methods can help control the cell population and give useful advice to decision-makers on ways to lower leukemia rates in communities.展开更多
图像所包含的信息是通过灰度值在空域的变化呈现的.梯度是度量变化的基本工具,这使得梯度成为了目前大多数图像质量评价算法的重要组成部分.但是梯度只能度量局部变化,而当人类视觉系统(Human visual system,HVS)感知一幅图像时,既能感...图像所包含的信息是通过灰度值在空域的变化呈现的.梯度是度量变化的基本工具,这使得梯度成为了目前大多数图像质量评价算法的重要组成部分.但是梯度只能度量局部变化,而当人类视觉系统(Human visual system,HVS)感知一幅图像时,既能感知到局部变化,也能感知到全局变化.基于HVS的这一特性,本文提出了一种结合全局与局部变化的图像质量评价算法(Global and local variation similarity,GLV-SIM).该算法利用Grünwald-Letnikov分数阶导数来度量图像的全局变化,利用梯度模来度量图像的局部变化.然后结合二者计算参考图像和退化图像之间的相似度谱(Similarity map),进而得到图像的客观评分.在TID2013、TID2008、CSIQ与LIVE四个数据库上的仿真实验表明,较之单一度量局部变化的方法,本文算法能更准确地模拟HVS对图像质量的感知过程,给出的客观评分与主观评分具有较好的一致性.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia,FCT,under the project https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/04674/2020(accessed on 1 January 2025).
文摘In 2022,Leukemia is the 13th most common diagnosis of cancer globally as per the source of the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC).Leukemia is still a threat and challenge for all regions because of 46.6%infection in Asia,and 22.1%and 14.7%infection rates in Europe and North America,respectively.To study the dynamics of Leukemia,the population of cells has been divided into three subpopulations of cells susceptible cells,infected cells,and immune cells.To investigate the memory effects and uncertainty in disease progression,leukemia modeling is developed using stochastic fractional delay differential equations(SFDDEs).The feasible properties of positivity,boundedness,and equilibria(i.e.,Leukemia Free Equilibrium(LFE)and Leukemia Present Equilibrium(LPE))of the model were studied rigorously.The local and global stabilities and sensitivity of the parameters around the equilibria under the assumption of reproduction numbers were investigated.To support the theoretical analysis of the model,the Grunwald Letnikov Nonstandard Finite Difference(GL-NSFD)method was used to simulate the results of each subpopulation with memory effect.Also,the positivity and boundedness of the proposed method were studied.Our results show how different methods can help control the cell population and give useful advice to decision-makers on ways to lower leukemia rates in communities.
文摘图像所包含的信息是通过灰度值在空域的变化呈现的.梯度是度量变化的基本工具,这使得梯度成为了目前大多数图像质量评价算法的重要组成部分.但是梯度只能度量局部变化,而当人类视觉系统(Human visual system,HVS)感知一幅图像时,既能感知到局部变化,也能感知到全局变化.基于HVS的这一特性,本文提出了一种结合全局与局部变化的图像质量评价算法(Global and local variation similarity,GLV-SIM).该算法利用Grünwald-Letnikov分数阶导数来度量图像的全局变化,利用梯度模来度量图像的局部变化.然后结合二者计算参考图像和退化图像之间的相似度谱(Similarity map),进而得到图像的客观评分.在TID2013、TID2008、CSIQ与LIVE四个数据库上的仿真实验表明,较之单一度量局部变化的方法,本文算法能更准确地模拟HVS对图像质量的感知过程,给出的客观评分与主观评分具有较好的一致性.
