Background:Lentinan(LNT)may regulate many important physiological functions of human and animals.This study aimed to verify whether LNT administration could relieve diarrhea via improving gut immunity in rotavirus(RV)...Background:Lentinan(LNT)may regulate many important physiological functions of human and animals.This study aimed to verify whether LNT administration could relieve diarrhea via improving gut immunity in rotavirus(RV)-challenged weaned pigs.Methods:Twenty-eight weaned pigs were randomly fed 2 diets containing 0 or 84 mg/kg LNT product for 19 d(n=14).RV infection was executed on d 15.After extracting polysaccharides from LNT product,its major monosaccharides were analyzed.Then,LNT polysaccharide was used to administrate RV-infected IPEC-J2 cells.Results:Dietary LNT supplementation supported normal function of piglets even when infected with RV,as reflected by reduced growth performance loss and diarrhea prevalence,and maintained gut immunity(P<0.05).The polysaccharide was isolated from LNT product,which molecular weight was 5303 Da,and major monosaccharides included glucose,arabinose and galactose.In RV-infected IPEC-J2 cells,this polysaccharide significantly increased cell viability(P<0.05),and significantly increased anti-virus immunity via regulating pattern recognition receptors and host defense peptides(P<0.05).Conclusion:Those results suggest that LNT administration increases the piglets’resistance to RV-induced stress,likely by supporting intestinal immunity.展开更多
AIM:To examine whether administration of lentinan,purifiedβ-1,3-glucan,can prolong survival in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving S-1-based chemotherapy.METHODS:Since 2004,78 patients with metastatic or recur...AIM:To examine whether administration of lentinan,purifiedβ-1,3-glucan,can prolong survival in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving S-1-based chemotherapy.METHODS:Since 2004,78 patients with metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer have received S-1-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment.Survival,side effects,and the ratio of granulocytes/lymphocytes(G/L ratio)were compared between 2 groups of patients who received chemo-immunotherapy using lentinan and chemotherapy alone.RESULTS:Median overall survival was significantly longer in the former group than in the latter group[689 d(95%CI:431-2339 d)vs 565 d(95%CI:323-662 d),P=0.0406].In addition,the G/L ratio in patients who received lentinan was maintained around or below 2,which was significantly lower than that in patients who received chemotherapy alone(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Chemo-immunotherapy with lentinan offers a significant advantage over S-1-based chemotherapy alone in terms of survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer.展开更多
AH_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative stress injury cell model was established to investigate the antioxidant effect of nanoselenium on mouse spermatocyte lines and the regulation mechanism of the expression level and activit...AH_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative stress injury cell model was established to investigate the antioxidant effect of nanoselenium on mouse spermatocyte lines and the regulation mechanism of the expression level and activity of seleniumcontaining antioxidant enzymes induced by oxidative stress.A safe and effective nano-drug system of functionalized selenium-containing nanoparticles(SeNPs)was developed with lentinan(LNT)(SeNPs@LNT).Mice spermatocyte line GC2-spg cells were treated with SeNPs@LNT(1,2,4,8,16,32μM)for 24-72 h to evaluate the cytotoxicity of selenium.GC2-spg cells were randomly divided into the following groups:control,hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),SeNPs@LNT,and H_(2)O_(2)+SeNPs@LNT groups.H_(2)O_(2)+SeNPs@LNT group was pretreated with SeNPs@LNT 4μM for 12 h,followed by H_(2)O_(2)600μM for 8 h.The cell viability decreased in the H_(2)O_(2) group and increased significantly in the SeNPs@LNT group.Compared with the H_(2)O_(2) group,the SeNPs@LNT+H_(2)O_(2) group exhibited obvious red fluorescence,indicating a higher level of mitochondrial membrane potential.The content of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the SeNPs@LNT group reduced significantly,and the intensity of green fluorescence in the SeNPs@LNT+H_(2)O_(2) group decreased significantly compared with the H_(2)O_(2) group,indicating the inhibitory effect of SeNPs@LNT on the generation of ROS-induced oxidative stress.The activity of GPx and SOD increased significantly in the SeNPs@LNT group.The expression of p53 decreased significantly under the intervention of nano-selenium,and GPx1 expression increased.In the oxidative stress group,the expressions of DNA damage-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins were higher than those in other groups.Thus,SeNPs@LNT can promote GC2-spg cell proliferation,improve GPx and SOD activities,remove intracellular ROS,and reduce mitochondrial damage and functional abnormalities caused by oxidative stress by regulating the ERK and p53 protein levels.SeNPs@LNT has good biological activity and antioxidant effect,which can be used to protect the male reproductive system from oxidative stress.展开更多
Background:Nano-selenium has been widely used in antiviral and anticancer therapy,and has the advantages of good targeting and low toxicity.For the first time,we combined male reproduction with nano-selenium to invest...Background:Nano-selenium has been widely used in antiviral and anticancer therapy,and has the advantages of good targeting and low toxicity.For the first time,we combined male reproduction with nano-selenium to investigate its antioxidant effect.This study investigated the protective effect of lentinan functionalized selenium nanoparticles on oxidative stress injury of the hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))-induced Leydig cell line,TM3.Methods:The suitable concentration of nano-selenium treatment to promote cell proliferation was also discussed.The concentration of 4μM could significantly promote the growth of TM3 cells.Oxidative stress damage was caused using an 800μM concentration of hydrogen peroxide.The cells were divided into four groups:normal control group,oxidative stress treatment group,H_(2)O_(2)+SeNPs@LNT group,and SeNPs@LNT group.The H_(2)O_(2)+SeNPs@LNT group was pretreated with 4μM of SeNPs@LNT for 12 h,followed by 800μM of H_(2)O_(2)for 8 h.Results:Nano-selenium could significantly promote the proliferation and viability of TM3 cells.SeNPs@LNT treatment increased the level of mitochondrial membrane potential in normal cells and slowed down the decline in mitochondrial membrane potential level caused by oxidative stress injury.In addition,the increase in reactive oxygen species caused by oxidative stress was inhibited by SeNPs@LNT treatment.The apoptosis of TM3 cells was detected,and SeNPs@LNT alleviated the necrosis and apoptosis of TM3 cells induced by H_(2)O_(2).Nano-selenium plays a protective role against oxidative H_(2)O_(2)-induced stress injury in TM3 cells through the changes in the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway and P53 pathway,and the expression levels of other related proteins,protein kinase B(AKT)and C3.Conclusion:SeNPs@LNT exhibited good biological activity and antioxidant effect and can thus be used to protect the male reproductive system from oxidative stress.展开更多
Lentinan is a clinically approved immune modulator and its anticancer and immunomodulatory bioactivity is found to be dependent on its triple helical conformation. Therefore, the development of rapid and convenient me...Lentinan is a clinically approved immune modulator and its anticancer and immunomodulatory bioactivity is found to be dependent on its triple helical conformation. Therefore, the development of rapid and convenient method for determination of bioactive lentinan with triple helical conformation holds great promise for the quality control of lentinan healthy products. In this work, an aniline blue fluorescent method was optimized and established to accurately and rapidly detect bioactive lentinan. In the presence of lentinan, the fluorescence intensity of aniline blue with 404 nm excitation and 492 nm emission dramatically enhanced within 15 min in pH 10 glycine-NaOH buffer solution, which allowed the analysis of lentinan in a very simple and fast manner. The method allowed for the sensitive determination of lentinan in the range of 1 to 60 μg/mL with a detection limit of 0.25 μg/mL. Notably, the protocol exhibited excellent selectivity for the determination of triple helical lentinan over other saccharides. The method was successfully applied to the detection of bioactive lentinan in health tonic solution, which demonstrated the method had great potential for quality control of lentinan contained products.展开更多
Lentinula edodes is the second largest edible mushroom in the world and is widely used as food and medicine.Modern research shows that lentinan(LNT)is the main active component of L.edodes.It has anti-cancer,treatment...Lentinula edodes is the second largest edible mushroom in the world and is widely used as food and medicine.Modern research shows that lentinan(LNT)is the main active component of L.edodes.It has anti-cancer,treatment of diabetes,intestinal protection,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation,anti-aging,hepatoprotective,immune-regulating effects.In this review,the biological activity,action mechanism and structure-activity relationship of LNT in recent years are reviewed.On this basis,the existing problems were discussed,and the future research and application of LNT were prospected.Finally,it is hoped that this review will promote the in-depth study of LNT and provide a reference for its development as a drug and functional food.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of lentinan and thymopentin combined with adjuvant chemotherapy on immunity, oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases and related factors in patients with tongue squamous cell c...Objective:To investigate the effects of lentinan and thymopentin combined with adjuvant chemotherapy on immunity, oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases and related factors in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma.Methods: Retrospective analysis of 78 patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma admitted to our hospital from February 2013 to November 2017, according to the postoperative chemotherapy scheme, the patients were divided into control group (n=42) and observation group (n=36). The patients in control group were given PF chemotherapy scheme (cisplatin + compound fluorouracil injection), on this basis, the patients in observation group were given lentinan and thymopentin injection combined treatment. The immune index, oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinase, cyclin D1 (CyclinD1) and B lymphocyte tumor-2 (BCL-2) were detected and analyzed before and after treatment.Results:After treatment, the immunoglobulin level in the control group was not statistically significant compared with that before treatment (P>0.05);the levels of IgA, IgG and IgM in the observation group were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the levels of IgA, IgG and IgM in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05);the level of SOD in control group was significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.05), and the level of MDA was significantly higher than that before treatment (P<0.05);the observation group was the opposite, and its SOD level was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the MDA level was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05);the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05);the levels of CyclinD1 and BCL-2 in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the levels of CyclinD1 and BCL-2 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions:Lentinan and thymopentin assisted PF chemotherapy regimen can enhance the immune function of patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma after radical surgery, improve oxidative stress response, inhibit tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. It has the significance of clinical popularization.展开更多
Lentinan,a polysaccharide derived from Lentinula edodes,has garnered attention for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties,yet its therapeutic mechanisms in asthma remain inadequately characterized.Our s...Lentinan,a polysaccharide derived from Lentinula edodes,has garnered attention for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties,yet its therapeutic mechanisms in asthma remain inadequately characterized.Our study employs a novel integrative pipeline combining network pharmacology,machine learning,Mendelian randomization(MR),molecular docking,and in vitro experimental validation to unravel lentinan’s molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential in asthma.Initial bioinformatics analyses identified seven hub genes through protein-protein interaction(PPI)network construction,which were further refined to four candidate targets using LASSO regression,random forest(RF),and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination(SVM-RFE).Subsequent MR analysis prioritized STAT3 and TP53 as key therapeutic targets in asthma.Molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed strong binding affinities of lentinan to STAT3 and TP53,corroborating their functional relevance.Experimental validation using LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells demonstrated that lentinan significantly downregulated phosphorylation levels of STAT3 and TP53,inhibited macrophage activation,and suppressed TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1βsecretion.Additionally,lentinan modulated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,further substantiating its anti-inflammatory effects.This comprehensive computationalexperimental framework highlights lentinan’s therapeutic potential in asthma by targeting critical inflammatory pathways,warranting further investigation into its clinical applications.展开更多
This study focused on the modification of lentinan(LNT)and its degradation product,dLNT,through the nitric acid-sodium selenite method,resulting in the synthesis of 4 distinct seleno-polysaccharide se-LNTs.The seleniu...This study focused on the modification of lentinan(LNT)and its degradation product,dLNT,through the nitric acid-sodium selenite method,resulting in the synthesis of 4 distinct seleno-polysaccharide se-LNTs.The selenium moiety was found to be connected to the C6 position of LNT in the form of selenate.The selenization process led to a notable reduction in molecular weight and an augmentation in chain rigidity.as the molecular weight decreased and chain rigidity increased,the cellular uptake of se-LNTs diminished.additionally,the uptake pathway transitioned from macropinocytosis to caveolin-mediated endocytosis(CVME).In vitro cell experiments showed that all four se-LNTs showed obvious anti-tumor activity,and se-LNT-2 had higher selenium content and cellular uptake rate,showing better inhibitory effect.Furthermore,se-LNTs were observed to induce a substantial production of reactive oxygen species(ros)in HCT116 cells.The excessive ros levels triggered mitochondrial peroxidation damage,escalating mitochondrial inner membrane permeability.This cascade event eventually led to the activation of caspase-3,ultimately leading to apoptosis in HCT116 cells and substantiating the anti-tumor effects of se-LNTs.The comprehensive investigation into the structural modifications,cellular uptake mechanisms and biological activities of se-LNTs underscores their potential as promising agents for anti-tumor applications.展开更多
Lentinan(LNT)is a bioactive polysaccharide that has been proven to improve the production performance of animals.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of LNT on lactation performance and rumen fer...Lentinan(LNT)is a bioactive polysaccharide that has been proven to improve the production performance of animals.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of LNT on lactation performance and rumen fermentation in dairy cows.Through random block design,80 Holstein cows were randomly assigned to four treatments(CON,control group,fed a basal diet;and 5LNT,10LNT,15LNT groups,fed a basal diet with 5,10,15 g/d LNT,respectively)according to the days in milk(57±21.3 d),milk yield(42.3±7.88 kg/d)and parity(3.44±1.45).Each treatment had 20 replicates of one cow each.The results showed that there was a linear increment in the production of milk(P=0.034,increased by 3.28 kg/d),milk protein(P=0.020,increased by 76.04 g/d)and lactose(P=0.003,increased by 213.07 g/d)with the increase in LNT doses.In addition,the apparent digestibility of crude protein(CP)linearly increased with the increasing LNT supplementation(P=0.008,increased by 15.42%).In terms of ruminal fermentation,oxidation-reduction potential value(P=0.001,reduced by 35.89),the proportion of acetate(P=0.004,reduced by 8.91%)and acetate to propionate ratio(A/P;P=0.002,reduced by 1.27)linearly decreased,while the proportion of propionate(P=0.003,increased by 6.42%)and butyrate(P=0.037,increased by 2.49%)linearly increased with the increase in LNT dosages.The changes in ruminal fermentation parameters led to changes in the ruminal microbiota and metabolites.Supplementation with LNT increased the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria,such as Muribaculaceae and Lachnospiraceae(P<0.05),and decreased the relative abundance of some harmful bacteria,such as Rhodobacteraceae,Tyzzerella,Lysinibacillus and Turicibacter(P<0.05).Moreover,LNT supplementation up-regulated 2-(pyridin-2-ylamino)benzoic acid and hippuric acid(P<0.05),which could promote phenylalanine metabolism,and down-regulated some metabolites inhibiting arginine biosynthesis,like 2-methylglutaric acid and N2-acetylornithine(P<0.05).Moreover,lentinan supplementation significantly elevated 2-(pyridin-2-ylamino)benzoic acid(Py-PABA)and hippurate(P<0.05),metabolites associated with enhanced phenylalanine metabolism,while reducing inhibitors of arginine biosynthesis such as 2-methylglutaric acid and N^(2)-acetylornithine(P<0.05).In conclusion,supplementation of LNT could improve the ruminal microbiota and metabolism and further affect the lactation performance of cows.展开更多
Objective To study the effects of lentinan (LTN) on mice exposed to chronic radiation. Methods Animals were divided into three groups (n = 10), they were animals exposed to radiation (Rad), normal control animals (Ctr...Objective To study the effects of lentinan (LTN) on mice exposed to chronic radiation. Methods Animals were divided into three groups (n = 10), they were animals exposed to radiation (Rad), normal control animals (Ctr), and irradiated animals treated with LTN (Rad + LTN). Animal model of chronic radiation stress injury was induced by irradiating mice with 60 Co γ-ray for 6 weeks from Monday to Friday consecutively. Before radiation, the mice in Rad + LTN group were ip injected with 0.5 mL LTN (0.01 mg/mL), whereas mice in other groups were injected with 0.9% physiological saline. The effects of LTN treatment on irradiated mice were examined by histological analysis on the spleen. The cell numbers and viability of T lymphocytes, which were isolated from the spleen, were determined by Trypan blue staining. Nitric oxide (NO) production and interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion in T lymphocytes were also measured. Results Chronic radiation significantly reduced the body weights and the spleen and thymus indexes, associated with reduced T lymphocytes viability and functions, and elevated NO production. Treatment with LTN significantly normalized the elevated NO production, and attenuated the negative outcomes resulting from radiation mentioned above. Conclusion The results suggest that radioprotective effect of LTN may be contributed by improved T lymphocytes viability and functions via regulating the NO and IL-2 production in T lymphocytes.展开更多
Objective: To observe the immunomodulatory and therapeutic effect of lentinan in treating condyloma acuminatum (CA). Methods: Thirty six CA patients were randomly divided into two groups, 19 in the treated group trea...Objective: To observe the immunomodulatory and therapeutic effect of lentinan in treating condyloma acuminatum (CA). Methods: Thirty six CA patients were randomly divided into two groups, 19 in the treated group treated with lentinan and CO 2 laser irradiation, and 17 in the control group, treated with laser irradiation alone. Their T lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood and level of serum interleukin 2 (IL 2) and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (SIL 2R) were determined before and after treatment, and the recurrence rates of the two groups were compared. Results: After treatment, in the treated group, the CD 4/CD 8 ratio, serum IL 2 raised and serum SIL 2R lowered significantly (P <0.05, 0.05, 0.05 respectively) as compared with before treatment, while those parameters were not changed significantly in the control group. The recurrence rate of the treated group was lower than that of the control group. P <0.05. Conclusion: Lentinan could modulate the cellular immunofunction of CA patients and reduce the recurrence rate of CA cases.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second largest degenerative disease of central nervous system around the world.α-Synuclein(α-syn)is the main component of Lewy body amyloid deposits in the brain of PD patients and ass...Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second largest degenerative disease of central nervous system around the world.α-Synuclein(α-syn)is the main component of Lewy body amyloid deposits in the brain of PD patients and associated with the pathogenesis of PD.α-Syn aggregates can induce neuron death and cause irreversible neurological damage.Therefore,the inhibition ofα-syn aggregation and removal of preformed amyloid fibers are important strategies for the prevention and treatment of PD.However,there is still a lack of potent inhibitors to interfere withα-syn aggregation.In this work,we demonstrate that lentinan(LNT),a natural polysaccharide extracted from the fruit body of Lentinula edodes,can potently preventα-syn aggregation,disassemble preformed amyloid aggregates,and suppressα-syn-mediated cell toxicity and reactive oxygen species generation.Interestingly,we also find that the molecular weight of the polysaccharide impacts the inhibitory effect of LNT.Further in vivo investigation demonstrates that LNT significantly inhibits the accumulation ofα-syn in nematodes C.elegans,relieves the symptoms of PD nematode motility disorders,and effectively protects dopaminergic neurons from C.elegans PD models.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first time to report that LNT can modulateα-syn aggregation in vitro and in vivo,which will provide new insights for designing and developing potential agents for PD treatment.展开更多
In order to reveal the intrinsic nature of the reduction or disappearance of biological activity in the processing and preparation of polysaccharides,and realize the effective control of highly active polysaccharides,...In order to reveal the intrinsic nature of the reduction or disappearance of biological activity in the processing and preparation of polysaccharides,and realize the effective control of highly active polysaccharides,the correlation between conformation and immunomodulatory activity of lentinan under different subcritical water temperatures was investigated.The results showed that,compared with the lentinan extracted by hot water(HW-L),with the increase of temperature(100–160℃),the molecular weight of lentinans decreased(5.041×10^(5)–1.754×10^(6) g/mol)and the rigidity of the chain weakened.The chains gradually loosened and a rigid-flexible transition occurred.At 160°C,the conformation of lentinan completely changed from triple helix to random coil.In-vitro cell experiments showed that,lentinan at 120℃ could more efficiently promote the proliferation and phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells,and significantly promote the secretion of NO,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β,exhibiting stronger immunomodulatory activity.But the activity of lentinan decreased sharply at 150–160℃.These results suggest a significant correlation between polysaccharide chain conformation and immunomodulatory activity under different subcritical water temperature conditions.By adjusting the temperature of subcritical water,the chain conformation of polysaccharides can be controlled,resulting in more efficient extraction of highly active polysaccharides.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lentinan injection plus cisplatin(LIC)in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion(MPE).Methods We searched the database of Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMBASE, ISI Web of...Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lentinan injection plus cisplatin(LIC)in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion(MPE).Methods We searched the database of Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMBASE, ISI Web of Knowledge,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Chinese Scientific Journals Full-text Database, Chinese Journal Full-text,and Google Scholar,etc.,up to February 28th,2011 to identify randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about lentinan injection(LI)for MPE,evaluate the quality of the included studies,and analyze the data by Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan5.0 software.Results Twenty-nine RCTs involving 1831 patients were included.Meta analysis results suggested that there were some differences when comparing LIC with control groups suffering from MPE,for LIC could improve the near-term curative effect and the quality of life to some extent. Besides,compared with chemotherapy alone,LI plus chemotherapy had an advantage in relieving adverse reactions, such as gastrointestinal reactions,myelosuppression,chest pain,and general malaise.Conclusion The current evidence indicates that LI may have adjuvant therapeutic effects for MPE.展开更多
为明确0.5%香菇多糖水剂对西葫芦病毒病的田间预防效果和治疗效果以及对作物的安全性。采用随机区组试验的方式在田间对西葫芦病毒病进行试验。结果表明,各个处理未见药害症状,对植株安全。0.5%香菇多糖水剂在6.0~10 g a.i./hm^(2)用量...为明确0.5%香菇多糖水剂对西葫芦病毒病的田间预防效果和治疗效果以及对作物的安全性。采用随机区组试验的方式在田间对西葫芦病毒病进行试验。结果表明,各个处理未见药害症状,对植株安全。0.5%香菇多糖水剂在6.0~10 g a.i./hm^(2)用量下可有效防治西葫芦病毒病,第1次药后21 d发病前药剂处理相对防效可达52.25%~74.02%,发病初期药剂处理相对防效可达54.69%~61.40%,且病害发生前使用相较于病害发生后使用能延缓病害蔓延。因此,0.5%香菇多糖水剂在田间可以有效防治西葫芦病毒病,建议推荐用量为10 g a.i./hm^(2),且在病毒病常发地区,建议发病前进行药剂预防,可显著提高防治效果。展开更多
基金This study was financially supported by the grant from the earmarked fund for the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-35)the fund from the Project of SAU-Adisseo Centre of Research on Nutrition and Healththe fund from Agricultural Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Fund Project of Sichuan Province(2016NYZ0052 and 20NZZH0057).
文摘Background:Lentinan(LNT)may regulate many important physiological functions of human and animals.This study aimed to verify whether LNT administration could relieve diarrhea via improving gut immunity in rotavirus(RV)-challenged weaned pigs.Methods:Twenty-eight weaned pigs were randomly fed 2 diets containing 0 or 84 mg/kg LNT product for 19 d(n=14).RV infection was executed on d 15.After extracting polysaccharides from LNT product,its major monosaccharides were analyzed.Then,LNT polysaccharide was used to administrate RV-infected IPEC-J2 cells.Results:Dietary LNT supplementation supported normal function of piglets even when infected with RV,as reflected by reduced growth performance loss and diarrhea prevalence,and maintained gut immunity(P<0.05).The polysaccharide was isolated from LNT product,which molecular weight was 5303 Da,and major monosaccharides included glucose,arabinose and galactose.In RV-infected IPEC-J2 cells,this polysaccharide significantly increased cell viability(P<0.05),and significantly increased anti-virus immunity via regulating pattern recognition receptors and host defense peptides(P<0.05).Conclusion:Those results suggest that LNT administration increases the piglets’resistance to RV-induced stress,likely by supporting intestinal immunity.
文摘AIM:To examine whether administration of lentinan,purifiedβ-1,3-glucan,can prolong survival in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving S-1-based chemotherapy.METHODS:Since 2004,78 patients with metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer have received S-1-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment.Survival,side effects,and the ratio of granulocytes/lymphocytes(G/L ratio)were compared between 2 groups of patients who received chemo-immunotherapy using lentinan and chemotherapy alone.RESULTS:Median overall survival was significantly longer in the former group than in the latter group[689 d(95%CI:431-2339 d)vs 565 d(95%CI:323-662 d),P=0.0406].In addition,the G/L ratio in patients who received lentinan was maintained around or below 2,which was significantly lower than that in patients who received chemotherapy alone(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Chemo-immunotherapy with lentinan offers a significant advantage over S-1-based chemotherapy alone in terms of survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
基金funded by the open Project of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia(LMM2020-7)the science and technology projects in Guangzhou(202201020632,202201020638,202206010100,202201020655 and 202102010202)+2 种基金the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2020A1515110648)the Open Fund of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications(2020A03)The Guangzhou Medical University Students’Science and Technology Innovation Project(02-408-2203-2079,2021AEK119).
文摘AH_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative stress injury cell model was established to investigate the antioxidant effect of nanoselenium on mouse spermatocyte lines and the regulation mechanism of the expression level and activity of seleniumcontaining antioxidant enzymes induced by oxidative stress.A safe and effective nano-drug system of functionalized selenium-containing nanoparticles(SeNPs)was developed with lentinan(LNT)(SeNPs@LNT).Mice spermatocyte line GC2-spg cells were treated with SeNPs@LNT(1,2,4,8,16,32μM)for 24-72 h to evaluate the cytotoxicity of selenium.GC2-spg cells were randomly divided into the following groups:control,hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),SeNPs@LNT,and H_(2)O_(2)+SeNPs@LNT groups.H_(2)O_(2)+SeNPs@LNT group was pretreated with SeNPs@LNT 4μM for 12 h,followed by H_(2)O_(2)600μM for 8 h.The cell viability decreased in the H_(2)O_(2) group and increased significantly in the SeNPs@LNT group.Compared with the H_(2)O_(2) group,the SeNPs@LNT+H_(2)O_(2) group exhibited obvious red fluorescence,indicating a higher level of mitochondrial membrane potential.The content of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the SeNPs@LNT group reduced significantly,and the intensity of green fluorescence in the SeNPs@LNT+H_(2)O_(2) group decreased significantly compared with the H_(2)O_(2) group,indicating the inhibitory effect of SeNPs@LNT on the generation of ROS-induced oxidative stress.The activity of GPx and SOD increased significantly in the SeNPs@LNT group.The expression of p53 decreased significantly under the intervention of nano-selenium,and GPx1 expression increased.In the oxidative stress group,the expressions of DNA damage-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins were higher than those in other groups.Thus,SeNPs@LNT can promote GC2-spg cell proliferation,improve GPx and SOD activities,remove intracellular ROS,and reduce mitochondrial damage and functional abnormalities caused by oxidative stress by regulating the ERK and p53 protein levels.SeNPs@LNT has good biological activity and antioxidant effect,which can be used to protect the male reproductive system from oxidative stress.
基金Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou(202201020632,202201020638,202206010100,202201020655,and 202102010202)the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2020A1515110648)+2 种基金the Open Project of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia(LMM2020-7)the Open Fund of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications(2020A03)the Guangzhou Medical University Students’Science and Technology Innovation Project(2021AEK119 and 02-408-2203-2079).
文摘Background:Nano-selenium has been widely used in antiviral and anticancer therapy,and has the advantages of good targeting and low toxicity.For the first time,we combined male reproduction with nano-selenium to investigate its antioxidant effect.This study investigated the protective effect of lentinan functionalized selenium nanoparticles on oxidative stress injury of the hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))-induced Leydig cell line,TM3.Methods:The suitable concentration of nano-selenium treatment to promote cell proliferation was also discussed.The concentration of 4μM could significantly promote the growth of TM3 cells.Oxidative stress damage was caused using an 800μM concentration of hydrogen peroxide.The cells were divided into four groups:normal control group,oxidative stress treatment group,H_(2)O_(2)+SeNPs@LNT group,and SeNPs@LNT group.The H_(2)O_(2)+SeNPs@LNT group was pretreated with 4μM of SeNPs@LNT for 12 h,followed by 800μM of H_(2)O_(2)for 8 h.Results:Nano-selenium could significantly promote the proliferation and viability of TM3 cells.SeNPs@LNT treatment increased the level of mitochondrial membrane potential in normal cells and slowed down the decline in mitochondrial membrane potential level caused by oxidative stress injury.In addition,the increase in reactive oxygen species caused by oxidative stress was inhibited by SeNPs@LNT treatment.The apoptosis of TM3 cells was detected,and SeNPs@LNT alleviated the necrosis and apoptosis of TM3 cells induced by H_(2)O_(2).Nano-selenium plays a protective role against oxidative H_(2)O_(2)-induced stress injury in TM3 cells through the changes in the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway and P53 pathway,and the expression levels of other related proteins,protein kinase B(AKT)and C3.Conclusion:SeNPs@LNT exhibited good biological activity and antioxidant effect and can thus be used to protect the male reproductive system from oxidative stress.
文摘Lentinan is a clinically approved immune modulator and its anticancer and immunomodulatory bioactivity is found to be dependent on its triple helical conformation. Therefore, the development of rapid and convenient method for determination of bioactive lentinan with triple helical conformation holds great promise for the quality control of lentinan healthy products. In this work, an aniline blue fluorescent method was optimized and established to accurately and rapidly detect bioactive lentinan. In the presence of lentinan, the fluorescence intensity of aniline blue with 404 nm excitation and 492 nm emission dramatically enhanced within 15 min in pH 10 glycine-NaOH buffer solution, which allowed the analysis of lentinan in a very simple and fast manner. The method allowed for the sensitive determination of lentinan in the range of 1 to 60 μg/mL with a detection limit of 0.25 μg/mL. Notably, the protocol exhibited excellent selectivity for the determination of triple helical lentinan over other saccharides. The method was successfully applied to the detection of bioactive lentinan in health tonic solution, which demonstrated the method had great potential for quality control of lentinan contained products.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (82360716).
文摘Lentinula edodes is the second largest edible mushroom in the world and is widely used as food and medicine.Modern research shows that lentinan(LNT)is the main active component of L.edodes.It has anti-cancer,treatment of diabetes,intestinal protection,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation,anti-aging,hepatoprotective,immune-regulating effects.In this review,the biological activity,action mechanism and structure-activity relationship of LNT in recent years are reviewed.On this basis,the existing problems were discussed,and the future research and application of LNT were prospected.Finally,it is hoped that this review will promote the in-depth study of LNT and provide a reference for its development as a drug and functional food.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of lentinan and thymopentin combined with adjuvant chemotherapy on immunity, oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases and related factors in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma.Methods: Retrospective analysis of 78 patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma admitted to our hospital from February 2013 to November 2017, according to the postoperative chemotherapy scheme, the patients were divided into control group (n=42) and observation group (n=36). The patients in control group were given PF chemotherapy scheme (cisplatin + compound fluorouracil injection), on this basis, the patients in observation group were given lentinan and thymopentin injection combined treatment. The immune index, oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinase, cyclin D1 (CyclinD1) and B lymphocyte tumor-2 (BCL-2) were detected and analyzed before and after treatment.Results:After treatment, the immunoglobulin level in the control group was not statistically significant compared with that before treatment (P>0.05);the levels of IgA, IgG and IgM in the observation group were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the levels of IgA, IgG and IgM in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05);the level of SOD in control group was significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.05), and the level of MDA was significantly higher than that before treatment (P<0.05);the observation group was the opposite, and its SOD level was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the MDA level was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05);the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05);the levels of CyclinD1 and BCL-2 in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the levels of CyclinD1 and BCL-2 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions:Lentinan and thymopentin assisted PF chemotherapy regimen can enhance the immune function of patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma after radical surgery, improve oxidative stress response, inhibit tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. It has the significance of clinical popularization.
基金supported by the K.Albin Johansson Stiftelse Foun-dation(2023)the Maud Kuistila Memorial Foundation sr(No.2024-0147B)the Finnish Cultural Foundation(No.00241240)。
文摘Lentinan,a polysaccharide derived from Lentinula edodes,has garnered attention for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties,yet its therapeutic mechanisms in asthma remain inadequately characterized.Our study employs a novel integrative pipeline combining network pharmacology,machine learning,Mendelian randomization(MR),molecular docking,and in vitro experimental validation to unravel lentinan’s molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential in asthma.Initial bioinformatics analyses identified seven hub genes through protein-protein interaction(PPI)network construction,which were further refined to four candidate targets using LASSO regression,random forest(RF),and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination(SVM-RFE).Subsequent MR analysis prioritized STAT3 and TP53 as key therapeutic targets in asthma.Molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed strong binding affinities of lentinan to STAT3 and TP53,corroborating their functional relevance.Experimental validation using LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells demonstrated that lentinan significantly downregulated phosphorylation levels of STAT3 and TP53,inhibited macrophage activation,and suppressed TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1βsecretion.Additionally,lentinan modulated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,further substantiating its anti-inflammatory effects.This comprehensive computationalexperimental framework highlights lentinan’s therapeutic potential in asthma by targeting critical inflammatory pathways,warranting further investigation into its clinical applications.
基金supported by the Henan Provincial Department of science and Technology research Project(232102320292)Henan Province Major science and Technology special Project(231100310200).
文摘This study focused on the modification of lentinan(LNT)and its degradation product,dLNT,through the nitric acid-sodium selenite method,resulting in the synthesis of 4 distinct seleno-polysaccharide se-LNTs.The selenium moiety was found to be connected to the C6 position of LNT in the form of selenate.The selenization process led to a notable reduction in molecular weight and an augmentation in chain rigidity.as the molecular weight decreased and chain rigidity increased,the cellular uptake of se-LNTs diminished.additionally,the uptake pathway transitioned from macropinocytosis to caveolin-mediated endocytosis(CVME).In vitro cell experiments showed that all four se-LNTs showed obvious anti-tumor activity,and se-LNT-2 had higher selenium content and cellular uptake rate,showing better inhibitory effect.Furthermore,se-LNTs were observed to induce a substantial production of reactive oxygen species(ros)in HCT116 cells.The excessive ros levels triggered mitochondrial peroxidation damage,escalating mitochondrial inner membrane permeability.This cascade event eventually led to the activation of caspase-3,ultimately leading to apoptosis in HCT116 cells and substantiating the anti-tumor effects of se-LNTs.The comprehensive investigation into the structural modifications,cellular uptake mechanisms and biological activities of se-LNTs underscores their potential as promising agents for anti-tumor applications.
基金supported by the National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy(2022-Scientific Research-2,2023-KFKT-3).
文摘Lentinan(LNT)is a bioactive polysaccharide that has been proven to improve the production performance of animals.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of LNT on lactation performance and rumen fermentation in dairy cows.Through random block design,80 Holstein cows were randomly assigned to four treatments(CON,control group,fed a basal diet;and 5LNT,10LNT,15LNT groups,fed a basal diet with 5,10,15 g/d LNT,respectively)according to the days in milk(57±21.3 d),milk yield(42.3±7.88 kg/d)and parity(3.44±1.45).Each treatment had 20 replicates of one cow each.The results showed that there was a linear increment in the production of milk(P=0.034,increased by 3.28 kg/d),milk protein(P=0.020,increased by 76.04 g/d)and lactose(P=0.003,increased by 213.07 g/d)with the increase in LNT doses.In addition,the apparent digestibility of crude protein(CP)linearly increased with the increasing LNT supplementation(P=0.008,increased by 15.42%).In terms of ruminal fermentation,oxidation-reduction potential value(P=0.001,reduced by 35.89),the proportion of acetate(P=0.004,reduced by 8.91%)and acetate to propionate ratio(A/P;P=0.002,reduced by 1.27)linearly decreased,while the proportion of propionate(P=0.003,increased by 6.42%)and butyrate(P=0.037,increased by 2.49%)linearly increased with the increase in LNT dosages.The changes in ruminal fermentation parameters led to changes in the ruminal microbiota and metabolites.Supplementation with LNT increased the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria,such as Muribaculaceae and Lachnospiraceae(P<0.05),and decreased the relative abundance of some harmful bacteria,such as Rhodobacteraceae,Tyzzerella,Lysinibacillus and Turicibacter(P<0.05).Moreover,LNT supplementation up-regulated 2-(pyridin-2-ylamino)benzoic acid and hippuric acid(P<0.05),which could promote phenylalanine metabolism,and down-regulated some metabolites inhibiting arginine biosynthesis,like 2-methylglutaric acid and N2-acetylornithine(P<0.05).Moreover,lentinan supplementation significantly elevated 2-(pyridin-2-ylamino)benzoic acid(Py-PABA)and hippurate(P<0.05),metabolites associated with enhanced phenylalanine metabolism,while reducing inhibitors of arginine biosynthesis such as 2-methylglutaric acid and N^(2)-acetylornithine(P<0.05).In conclusion,supplementation of LNT could improve the ruminal microbiota and metabolism and further affect the lactation performance of cows.
基金Military Medicine and Health Science Foundation (06MA094)
文摘Objective To study the effects of lentinan (LTN) on mice exposed to chronic radiation. Methods Animals were divided into three groups (n = 10), they were animals exposed to radiation (Rad), normal control animals (Ctr), and irradiated animals treated with LTN (Rad + LTN). Animal model of chronic radiation stress injury was induced by irradiating mice with 60 Co γ-ray for 6 weeks from Monday to Friday consecutively. Before radiation, the mice in Rad + LTN group were ip injected with 0.5 mL LTN (0.01 mg/mL), whereas mice in other groups were injected with 0.9% physiological saline. The effects of LTN treatment on irradiated mice were examined by histological analysis on the spleen. The cell numbers and viability of T lymphocytes, which were isolated from the spleen, were determined by Trypan blue staining. Nitric oxide (NO) production and interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion in T lymphocytes were also measured. Results Chronic radiation significantly reduced the body weights and the spleen and thymus indexes, associated with reduced T lymphocytes viability and functions, and elevated NO production. Treatment with LTN significantly normalized the elevated NO production, and attenuated the negative outcomes resulting from radiation mentioned above. Conclusion The results suggest that radioprotective effect of LTN may be contributed by improved T lymphocytes viability and functions via regulating the NO and IL-2 production in T lymphocytes.
文摘Objective: To observe the immunomodulatory and therapeutic effect of lentinan in treating condyloma acuminatum (CA). Methods: Thirty six CA patients were randomly divided into two groups, 19 in the treated group treated with lentinan and CO 2 laser irradiation, and 17 in the control group, treated with laser irradiation alone. Their T lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood and level of serum interleukin 2 (IL 2) and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (SIL 2R) were determined before and after treatment, and the recurrence rates of the two groups were compared. Results: After treatment, in the treated group, the CD 4/CD 8 ratio, serum IL 2 raised and serum SIL 2R lowered significantly (P <0.05, 0.05, 0.05 respectively) as compared with before treatment, while those parameters were not changed significantly in the control group. The recurrence rate of the treated group was lower than that of the control group. P <0.05. Conclusion: Lentinan could modulate the cellular immunofunction of CA patients and reduce the recurrence rate of CA cases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22077038,22477032,32371189)National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Research Practice Program(201910487066)Huazhong University of Science and Technology Supportive Fund for Basic Research。
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second largest degenerative disease of central nervous system around the world.α-Synuclein(α-syn)is the main component of Lewy body amyloid deposits in the brain of PD patients and associated with the pathogenesis of PD.α-Syn aggregates can induce neuron death and cause irreversible neurological damage.Therefore,the inhibition ofα-syn aggregation and removal of preformed amyloid fibers are important strategies for the prevention and treatment of PD.However,there is still a lack of potent inhibitors to interfere withα-syn aggregation.In this work,we demonstrate that lentinan(LNT),a natural polysaccharide extracted from the fruit body of Lentinula edodes,can potently preventα-syn aggregation,disassemble preformed amyloid aggregates,and suppressα-syn-mediated cell toxicity and reactive oxygen species generation.Interestingly,we also find that the molecular weight of the polysaccharide impacts the inhibitory effect of LNT.Further in vivo investigation demonstrates that LNT significantly inhibits the accumulation ofα-syn in nematodes C.elegans,relieves the symptoms of PD nematode motility disorders,and effectively protects dopaminergic neurons from C.elegans PD models.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first time to report that LNT can modulateα-syn aggregation in vitro and in vivo,which will provide new insights for designing and developing potential agents for PD treatment.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072354)Key R&D Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(No.2022BBF03016)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘In order to reveal the intrinsic nature of the reduction or disappearance of biological activity in the processing and preparation of polysaccharides,and realize the effective control of highly active polysaccharides,the correlation between conformation and immunomodulatory activity of lentinan under different subcritical water temperatures was investigated.The results showed that,compared with the lentinan extracted by hot water(HW-L),with the increase of temperature(100–160℃),the molecular weight of lentinans decreased(5.041×10^(5)–1.754×10^(6) g/mol)and the rigidity of the chain weakened.The chains gradually loosened and a rigid-flexible transition occurred.At 160°C,the conformation of lentinan completely changed from triple helix to random coil.In-vitro cell experiments showed that,lentinan at 120℃ could more efficiently promote the proliferation and phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells,and significantly promote the secretion of NO,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β,exhibiting stronger immunomodulatory activity.But the activity of lentinan decreased sharply at 150–160℃.These results suggest a significant correlation between polysaccharide chain conformation and immunomodulatory activity under different subcritical water temperature conditions.By adjusting the temperature of subcritical water,the chain conformation of polysaccharides can be controlled,resulting in more efficient extraction of highly active polysaccharides.
基金The National College Students’Innovative Experiment Project of Lanzhou University(101073034)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2011-133)
文摘Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lentinan injection plus cisplatin(LIC)in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion(MPE).Methods We searched the database of Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMBASE, ISI Web of Knowledge,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Chinese Scientific Journals Full-text Database, Chinese Journal Full-text,and Google Scholar,etc.,up to February 28th,2011 to identify randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about lentinan injection(LI)for MPE,evaluate the quality of the included studies,and analyze the data by Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan5.0 software.Results Twenty-nine RCTs involving 1831 patients were included.Meta analysis results suggested that there were some differences when comparing LIC with control groups suffering from MPE,for LIC could improve the near-term curative effect and the quality of life to some extent. Besides,compared with chemotherapy alone,LI plus chemotherapy had an advantage in relieving adverse reactions, such as gastrointestinal reactions,myelosuppression,chest pain,and general malaise.Conclusion The current evidence indicates that LI may have adjuvant therapeutic effects for MPE.
文摘为明确0.5%香菇多糖水剂对西葫芦病毒病的田间预防效果和治疗效果以及对作物的安全性。采用随机区组试验的方式在田间对西葫芦病毒病进行试验。结果表明,各个处理未见药害症状,对植株安全。0.5%香菇多糖水剂在6.0~10 g a.i./hm^(2)用量下可有效防治西葫芦病毒病,第1次药后21 d发病前药剂处理相对防效可达52.25%~74.02%,发病初期药剂处理相对防效可达54.69%~61.40%,且病害发生前使用相较于病害发生后使用能延缓病害蔓延。因此,0.5%香菇多糖水剂在田间可以有效防治西葫芦病毒病,建议推荐用量为10 g a.i./hm^(2),且在病毒病常发地区,建议发病前进行药剂预防,可显著提高防治效果。
