Objectives: To determine the level of adversity quotient and its associations with rumination, optimism, and authoritative parenting style in junior high school students. Adversity quotient is the adaptation ability t...Objectives: To determine the level of adversity quotient and its associations with rumination, optimism, and authoritative parenting style in junior high school students. Adversity quotient is the adaptation ability to overcome problems and obstacles with a positive attitude. Early adolescence, as a critical stage of life, needs to cultivate adversity quotient. However, adversity quotient and its influencing factors in adolescents have not been fully understood. Methods: A total of 129 students from 3 junior high schools (grade 7-9) in Chon Buri province, Thailand, were randomly recruited to participate in this correlational research study. They completed 5 questionnaires including the demographic form, adversity quotient assessment, authoritative parenting style, optimism, and rumination. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. Results: Adversity quotient was at a moderate level with a mean of 138.78 (standard deviation [SD] = 21.25). Adversity quotient was significantly, positively correlated with authoritative parenting at the highest level (r = 0.60), followed by optimism at a moderate level (r = 0.38), and rumination at a low level (r = 0.25, P < 0.01). Conclusions: All parties responsible for early adolescents’ development should enhance the adversity quotient to a higher level through campaigns promoting authoritative parenting and optimism. An unexpected positive correlation between adversity quotient and rumination warrants cautious interpretation and more studies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder among adolescents,characterized by a high rate of suicide and self-harm,which not only is devastating to families but also has a negative impact on society.Psychologic...BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder among adolescents,characterized by a high rate of suicide and self-harm,which not only is devastating to families but also has a negative impact on society.Psychological factors such as impulsive personality,perceived chronic social adversity(PCSA),and sense of security are closely associated with suicide risk in adolescents with depression.Few studies have been conducted on the relationship between these factors.AIM To explore the impact of impulsive personality on suicide risk in adolescents with depression and the chain mediating effect between PCSA and sense of security.METHODS This study is a retrospective study.A total of 200 adolescents with depression who visited the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 comprised the study cohort.The PCSA scale,Security Questionnaire,Barratt Impulsiveness Scale,and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation were used to evaluate depression.RESULTS Suicide risk was positively correlated with impulsive personality and PCSA(P<0.05),whereas sense of security was negatively correlated with suicide risk,impulsive personality,and PCSA(P<0.05).The total indirect effect of PCSA and sense of security on impulsive personality and suicide risk was 35.43%,with the mediating effect of PCSA and sense of security contributing 16.53%and 15.75%,respectively.PCSA and sense of security exhibited a chain mediating effect between impulsive personality and suicide risk,accounting for 3.15%.CONCLUSION The suicide risk of adolescents with depression is significantly associated with impulsive personality,PCSA,and sense of security.Impulsive personality affects the suicide risk of adolescents with depression both directly and indirectly,with the latter occurring via PCSA and sense of security.展开更多
Objective:Artemether is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin and is widely used in the treatment of Plasmodium(P.)falciparum malaria.This study aimed to characterize the safety profile of artemether based on 15-...Objective:Artemether is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin and is widely used in the treatment of Plasmodium(P.)falciparum malaria.This study aimed to characterize the safety profile of artemether based on 15-year data retrived from FDA adverse event reporting system(FAERS).Methods:This is a retrospective analysis on 15-year data of artemether-related adverse effects(AEs)retrieved from the FAERS.AEs were classified according to System Organ Class(SOC)and Preferred Terms(PT).Signal detection was performed using Reporting Odds Ratios(ROR),Proportional Reporting Ratios(PRR),and Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean(EBGM).Stratified analyses examined the impact of demographic factors such as sex,age,and time-to-onset.Temporal patterns and associated risk factors were also investigated.Results:Haemolytic anaemia and haemolysis emerged as the most frequently reported AEs,exhibiting significantly elevated RORs(males:ROR 381.36,95%CI 247.06-588.60;females:ROR 455.11,95%CI 286.43-723.12).Sex-specific differences were evident,with females showing a higher incidence of reproductive-related AEs,including spontaneous abortion and premature labour.Temporal trend analysis revealed that the majority of AEs occurred within the first 30 days after the initiation of artemether administration,indicating a rapid onset.The most affected SOCs were blood and lymphatic system disorders and hepatobiliary disorders.Conclusions:Artemether is associated with a notable frequency of early-onset AEs,particularly hematological and hepatobiliary disorders.The observed sex-specific vulnerability to reproductive AEs highlights the need for sex-conscious clinical approaches.Enhanced post-treatment monitoring and further investigations into the drug’s pharmacokinetics and mechanistic pathways are recommended.展开更多
Objective:To characterize placental morphologic features in Moroccan women with adverse outcomes,across different clinical contexts,based on the Amsterdam consensus classification.Methods:A prospective analysis was co...Objective:To characterize placental morphologic features in Moroccan women with adverse outcomes,across different clinical contexts,based on the Amsterdam consensus classification.Methods:A prospective analysis was conducted on placentas with umbilical cords collected fresh between March 1,2024 and July 15,2024 from women with adverse pregnancy outcomes.Clinical data(age,parity,gravidity,complications)were retrieved.Macroscopic parameters(weight,dimensions,cord insertion,membranes,lesions)were assessed,followed by systematic sampling.Tissue was processed by standard histology(formalin fixation,paraffin embedding,hematoxylin and eosin staining),and lesions were classified per Amsterdam criteria.Results:16 placentas from patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes were included.The median maternal age was 30 years.Adverse conditions included placental abruption(50%),intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR,38%),intrauterine fetal death(IUFD,31%),pre-eclampsia/eclampsia(19%),premature rupture of membranes(13%),and oligohydramnios(13%).Several placentas were associated with more than one adverse condition.Histopathology revealed maternal vascular malperfusion lesions in 94%,particularly in pre-eclampsia,IUGR,and IUFD.Fetal vascular malperfusion was found in 88%,mainly in IUGR and IUFD.Inflammatory lesions,dominated by acute maternal and fetal responses stage 3(necrotizing chorioamnionitis and funisitis),were primarily linked to IUFD.Conclusions:Placental examination enhances understanding of the pathophysiology underlying adverse pregnancy outcomes,supports diagnostic confirmation,and guides preventive strategies for recurrence.This study highlights the prevalence of maternal vascular malperfusion in Moroccan women and emphasizes the importance of systematic placental histopathology in obstetric care.展开更多
Concerns about the long-term safety and efficacy of glibenclamide(GLIB),a type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)treatment,have been reported[1].Recent evidence indicates the gut microbiota composition significantly affects ho...Concerns about the long-term safety and efficacy of glibenclamide(GLIB),a type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)treatment,have been reported[1].Recent evidence indicates the gut microbiota composition significantly affects host glucose metabolism and drugbioavailability,increasingthe efficacy of T2DM therapy[2].In this context,probiotic-drug coadministration,an emerging adjunct approach for treating metabolic diseases,improves therapeutic outcomes and ameliorates side effects[3].展开更多
The impact of early physical and social environments on life-long phenotypes is well known. Moreover, we have documented evidence for gene-environment interactions where identical gene variants are associated with dif...The impact of early physical and social environments on life-long phenotypes is well known. Moreover, we have documented evidence for gene-environment interactions where identical gene variants are associated with different phenotypes that are dependent on early life adversity. What are the mechanisms that embed these early life experiences in the genome？ DNA methylation is an enzymatically- catalyzed modification of DNA that serves as a mechanism by which similar sequences acquire cell type identity during cellular differentiation and embryogenesis in the same individual. The hypothesis that will be discussed here proposes that the same mechanism confers environmental-exposure specific identity upon DNA providing a mechanism for embedding environmental experiences in the genome, thus affecting long-term phenotypes. Particularly important is the environment early in life including both the prenatal and postnatal social environments.展开更多
ObjectiveTo present an approach to phenotyping ACEs and explore the association between ACEs and adolescent health risky behaviors based on the social context of China.Methods Totally,5,726 adolescents aged 12-18 year...ObjectiveTo present an approach to phenotyping ACEs and explore the association between ACEs and adolescent health risky behaviors based on the social context of China.Methods Totally,5,726 adolescents aged 12-18 years were investigated about their ACEs in the family,peer,school,and personal domains and the occurrence of six types of risky health behaviors(i.e.,smoking,drinking,sexual intercourse,self-harm,and suicidal ideation and attempts).Latent class analysis(LCA)was used to explore the ACE patterns.Results Six latent classes of ACEs were identified,including low adversity,school adversity,school adversity and peer victimization,peer victimization,maltreatment and peer victimization,and high adversity,and associated with risky health behaviors in adolescents.Being physically punished by a teacher,experiencing sexual abuse,and experiencing family trauma most strongly differentiated from the six AcE classes and were correlated with an increased risk for risky adolescent health behaviors.ConclusionThis study supports a positive association between ACEs and risky adolescent health behaviors.Peer victimization,school adversity and associated contexts need to be considered in future ACEstudies.展开更多
Socially disadvantaged individuals with HIV experience unacceptably high rates of AIDS and death. The authors developed an adversity index to quantify the impact of demographic and psychosocial factors on HIV care. Th...Socially disadvantaged individuals with HIV experience unacceptably high rates of AIDS and death. The authors developed an adversity index to quantify the impact of demographic and psychosocial factors on HIV care. This retrospective cohort study included 431 participants with HIV on combined antiretroviral therapy between 2000 and 2005. Poor outcome was defined as progression to AIDS, death, virologic failure, or CD4 < 200 cells/μl at six months. The index utilized eight demographic and psychosocial variables independently associated with poor outcome. Exposure to higher numbers of variables in the adversity index significantly increased the rates of poor outcome from 14% (exposure to no variables) to 100% (exposure to seven variables). The odds of poor outcome decreased but remained significant after adjusting for adherence-defining variables, indicating a possible mediating effect of poor adherence. Durably effective therapeutic strategies must include addressing adverse demographic and psychosocial factors affecting people living with HIV.展开更多
In the laboratory,environmental enrichment（EE）is used as a protocol to understand the functional,behavioral and molecular mechanisms that underlie neural plasticity（van Praag et al.,2000;Sale et al.,2014）.In addit...In the laboratory,environmental enrichment（EE）is used as a protocol to understand the functional,behavioral and molecular mechanisms that underlie neural plasticity（van Praag et al.,2000;Sale et al.,2014）.In addition,it is utilized to provide supplementary resources to animals in order to maintain their well-being and to preserve the scientific validity of the study at hand（see http：//www.nap.edu/catalog/12910/guide-for-thecare-and-use-of-laboratory-animals-eighth）.展开更多
Chinese companies join the fight against COVID-19 throughout Africa At a Chinese electricity project deep inside Uganda,Muzinga Hamis and his colleagues put up numerous signs reminding staff and villagers to wear mask...Chinese companies join the fight against COVID-19 throughout Africa At a Chinese electricity project deep inside Uganda,Muzinga Hamis and his colleagues put up numerous signs reminding staff and villagers to wear masks,practice social distancing and check their body daily.展开更多
Geological analysis,despite being a long-term method for identifying adverse geology in tunnels,has significant limitations due to its reliance on empirical analysis.The quantitative aspects of geochemical anomalies a...Geological analysis,despite being a long-term method for identifying adverse geology in tunnels,has significant limitations due to its reliance on empirical analysis.The quantitative aspects of geochemical anomalies associated with adverse geology provide a novel strategy for addressing these limitations.However,statistical methods for identifying geochemical anomalies are insufficient for tunnel engineering.In contrast,data mining techniques such as machine learning have demonstrated greater efficacy when applied to geological data.Herein,a method for identifying adverse geology using machine learning of geochemical anomalies is proposed.The method was identified geochemical anomalies in tunnel that were not identified by statistical methods.We by employing robust factor analysis and self-organizing maps to reduce the dimensionality of geochemical data and extract the anomaly elements combination(AEC).Using the AEC sample data,we trained an isolation forest model to identify the multi-element anomalies,successfully.We analyzed the adverse geological features based the multi-element anomalies.This study,therefore,extends the traditional approach of geological analysis in tunnels and demonstrates that machine learning is an effective tool for intelligent geological analysis.Correspondingly,the research offers new insights regarding the adverse geology and the prevention of hazards during the construction of tunnels and underground engineering projects.展开更多
BACKGROUND Minimally invasive esophagectomy(MIE)is a widely accepted treatment for esophageal cancer,yet it is associated with a significant risk of surgical adverse events(SAEs),which can compromise patient recovery ...BACKGROUND Minimally invasive esophagectomy(MIE)is a widely accepted treatment for esophageal cancer,yet it is associated with a significant risk of surgical adverse events(SAEs),which can compromise patient recovery and long-term survival.Accurate preoperative identification of high-risk patients is critical for improving outcomes.AIM To establish and validate a risk prediction and stratification model for the risk of SAEs in patients with MIE.METHODS This retrospective study included 747 patients who underwent MIE at two centers from January 2019 to February 2024.Patients were separated into a train set(n=549)and a validation set(n=198).After screening by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression,multivariate logistic regression analyzed clinical and intraoperative variables to identify independent risk factors for SAEs.A risk stratification model was constructed and validated to predict the probability of SAEs.RESULTS SAEs occurred in 10.2%of patients in train set and 13.6%in the validation set.Patients with SAE had significantly higher complication rate and a longer hospital stay after surgery.The key independent risk factors identified included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,a history of alcohol consumption,low forced expiratory volume in the first second,and low albumin levels.The stratification model has excellent prediction accuracy,with an area under the curve of 0.889 for the training set and an area under the curve of 0.793 for the validation set.CONCLUSION The developed risk stratification model effectively predicts the risk of SAEs in patients undergoing MIE,facilitating targeted preoperative interventions and improving perioperative management.展开更多
IS there an audience for a Mauritanian director promoting a movie about Mall in China？ It depends on the director and the film French speakers, film students and film lovers packed the China Film Archive auditorium t...IS there an audience for a Mauritanian director promoting a movie about Mall in China？ It depends on the director and the film French speakers, film students and film lovers packed the China Film Archive auditorium to watch Abderrahmane Sissako＇s famous film Timbuktu with the director himself.展开更多
Background: Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is associated with a higher likelihood of developing psychological disorders among adolescents. The current study aimed to analyze the effect of independent...Background: Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is associated with a higher likelihood of developing psychological disorders among adolescents. The current study aimed to analyze the effect of independent and cumulative effects of ACEs exposure on the likelihood of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and a Complex PTSD (CPSTD) diagnosis in Indian adolescents. Methods: A sample of 411 schoolchildren participated in the study. It was collected data on exposure to ACEs, PTSD, CPTSD, and attachment styles. Results: It was found that exposure to bullying and threats of violence was significantly associated with PTSD and CPTSD diagnosis, and exposure to physical violence and serious illness was associated with CPTSD diagnosis. Exposure to one ACE and exposure to 2 - 3 ACEs were associated with PTSD and CPTSD diagnosis, while exposure to 4 - 5 ACEs was associated with CPTSD diagnosis. Preoccupied and fearful attachment styles were significantly associated with PTSD and CPTSD diagnosis. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that biological, psychological, and social factors interact and contribute to the differential prevalence of ACE, attachment styles, and PTSD/CPTSD. This study emphasizes the need of addressing childhood trauma as a public health priority in India.展开更多
Paclitaxel is one of the commonly used drugs in postoperative chemotherapy for ovarian cancer patients. However, affected by drug dosage and individual differences in the course of medication, patients will have diffe...Paclitaxel is one of the commonly used drugs in postoperative chemotherapy for ovarian cancer patients. However, affected by drug dosage and individual differences in the course of medication, patients will have different degrees of adverse reactions, which will cause damage to the patient’s body once they occur. This paper retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with severe allergic reactions such as fecal incontinence and numbness of hands and feet caused by the use of paclitaxel liposome during postoperative chemotherapy in a case of ovarian cancer admitted to our hospital. The causes and corresponding treatment measures were analyzed, in order to provide the reference for medical staff to take effective countermeasures in advance in the future.展开更多
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has shown an increased risk of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)in left-behind children and adolescents(LBCAs).However,a systematic summary of studies comparing the risk of NSSI between LBC...BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has shown an increased risk of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)in left-behind children and adolescents(LBCAs).However,a systematic summary of studies comparing the risk of NSSI between LBCAs and non-LBCAs in China is lacking.AIM To investigate the risk of NSSI among LBCAs in China.METHODS We performed a systematic search of Embase,PubMed,and Web of Science from initiation to October 25,2024,for all relevant studies of NSSI and LBCAs.The effect sizes were reported as odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CI).Sensitivity analyses were conducted to further confirm the stability of the findings.RESULTS A total of 10 studies with 165276 children and adolescents were included in this study.LBCAs had significantly higher rates of NSSI compared with non-LBCAs(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.19-1.49),with high heterogeneity observed(I^(2)=77%,P<0.001).Further sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary analysis(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.21-1.39,I^(2)=0%).CONCLUSION LBCAs are found to be at an increased risk of NSSI compared with children and adolescents of non-migrants.More attention and intervention are urgently needed for LBCAs,especially those living in developing countries.展开更多
Objective:Despite established associations between certain medications and urticaria,the risk profiles of most pharmaceutical agents remain poorly characterized.This investigation aimed to identify risk factors for me...Objective:Despite established associations between certain medications and urticaria,the risk profiles of most pharmaceutical agents remain poorly characterized.This investigation aimed to identify risk factors for medication-induced urticaria through comprehensive analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database.Methods:We employed reporting odds ratios(ROR)to evaluate drug-urticaria associations using FAERS data spanning from Q12004 to Q32024.Analytical approaches included univariate screening,LASSO regression,and multivariate logistic regression to identify potential risk factors.Multiple comparison adjustments were implemented using the Bonferroni method.Results:The study identified 1807 pharmaceutical agents potentially associated with urticaria development.Univariate analysis categorized these agents into several therapeutic classes:antimicrobials(19/85),biologics(16/85),analgesics(8/85),dermatologicals(3/85),anti-rheumatic agents(4/85),hormonal preparations(3/85),antihypertensives(2/85),neuropsychiatric medications(2/85),uric acid-lowering drugs(2/85),multiple sclerosis therapies(2/85),and miscellaneous agents(17/85).Multivariate analysis identified three significant risk determinants:middle-aged individuals(36-53 years),female gender,and exposure to any of 82 specific medications.Conclusion:These evidence-based findings provide valuable insights for early clinical recognition of drug-induced urticaria and establish a foundation for subsequent mechanistic investigations into medication-related hypersensitivity reactions.展开更多
Objectives:Suicidal ideation is a strong predictor of suicide deaths,which refers to the consideration or desire to give up one's own life.Left-behind children in rural China are more vulnerable to psychological p...Objectives:Suicidal ideation is a strong predictor of suicide deaths,which refers to the consideration or desire to give up one's own life.Left-behind children in rural China are more vulnerable to psychological problems and suicidal ideation compared to their non-left-behind peers.The aim of the current study was to examine two potential protective factors,negotiable fate belief and coping self-efficacy,and to test the mediating role of coping self-efficacy in the relationship between negotiable fate belief and suicidal ideation.We also analyzed gender differences in this mediation model.Methods:Across-sectional survey was conducted in rural areas ofChina.A sample of 526 left-behind children(285 males,54.18%;241 females,45.82%;Meanage=13.29 years,SD=0.97 years)was recruited to complete the Negotiable Fate Belief Scale,Coping Self-Efficacy Scale,and the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory-Negative Scale.We used structural equation modeling to test the mediation model and multigroup analysis to test the moderation effect of gender.Results:Negotiable fate belief is negatively correlated with suicidal ideation(r=-0.13,p<0.01).Moreover,coping self-efficacy mediates the relationship between negotiable fate belief and suicidal ideation(β=-0.06,95%confidence interval(CI)[-0.12,-0.02]),accounting for 35.29%of the total effect.Finally,the mediating effect of coping self-efficacy was found to be significant only for female left-behind children(male:95%CI[-0.09,0.07];female:95%CI[-0.16,-0.01]).For female left-behind children,the mediating effect was complete,with a coefficient of-0.06,accounting for 85.71%of the total effect.Conclusions:The relationship between negotiable fate belief and suicidal ideation among rural left-behind children is mediated by coping self-efficacy,and this mediation effect was moderated by gender.This study provides a theoretical explanation for how cultivating the belief in negotiable fate and coping self-efficacy is effective for reducing suicidal ideation of rural left-behind children.展开更多
基金supported by the Faculty of Nursing Burapha University(No.19/2561).
文摘Objectives: To determine the level of adversity quotient and its associations with rumination, optimism, and authoritative parenting style in junior high school students. Adversity quotient is the adaptation ability to overcome problems and obstacles with a positive attitude. Early adolescence, as a critical stage of life, needs to cultivate adversity quotient. However, adversity quotient and its influencing factors in adolescents have not been fully understood. Methods: A total of 129 students from 3 junior high schools (grade 7-9) in Chon Buri province, Thailand, were randomly recruited to participate in this correlational research study. They completed 5 questionnaires including the demographic form, adversity quotient assessment, authoritative parenting style, optimism, and rumination. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. Results: Adversity quotient was at a moderate level with a mean of 138.78 (standard deviation [SD] = 21.25). Adversity quotient was significantly, positively correlated with authoritative parenting at the highest level (r = 0.60), followed by optimism at a moderate level (r = 0.38), and rumination at a low level (r = 0.25, P < 0.01). Conclusions: All parties responsible for early adolescents’ development should enhance the adversity quotient to a higher level through campaigns promoting authoritative parenting and optimism. An unexpected positive correlation between adversity quotient and rumination warrants cautious interpretation and more studies.
文摘BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder among adolescents,characterized by a high rate of suicide and self-harm,which not only is devastating to families but also has a negative impact on society.Psychological factors such as impulsive personality,perceived chronic social adversity(PCSA),and sense of security are closely associated with suicide risk in adolescents with depression.Few studies have been conducted on the relationship between these factors.AIM To explore the impact of impulsive personality on suicide risk in adolescents with depression and the chain mediating effect between PCSA and sense of security.METHODS This study is a retrospective study.A total of 200 adolescents with depression who visited the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 comprised the study cohort.The PCSA scale,Security Questionnaire,Barratt Impulsiveness Scale,and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation were used to evaluate depression.RESULTS Suicide risk was positively correlated with impulsive personality and PCSA(P<0.05),whereas sense of security was negatively correlated with suicide risk,impulsive personality,and PCSA(P<0.05).The total indirect effect of PCSA and sense of security on impulsive personality and suicide risk was 35.43%,with the mediating effect of PCSA and sense of security contributing 16.53%and 15.75%,respectively.PCSA and sense of security exhibited a chain mediating effect between impulsive personality and suicide risk,accounting for 3.15%.CONCLUSION The suicide risk of adolescents with depression is significantly associated with impulsive personality,PCSA,and sense of security.Impulsive personality affects the suicide risk of adolescents with depression both directly and indirectly,with the latter occurring via PCSA and sense of security.
文摘Objective:Artemether is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin and is widely used in the treatment of Plasmodium(P.)falciparum malaria.This study aimed to characterize the safety profile of artemether based on 15-year data retrived from FDA adverse event reporting system(FAERS).Methods:This is a retrospective analysis on 15-year data of artemether-related adverse effects(AEs)retrieved from the FAERS.AEs were classified according to System Organ Class(SOC)and Preferred Terms(PT).Signal detection was performed using Reporting Odds Ratios(ROR),Proportional Reporting Ratios(PRR),and Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean(EBGM).Stratified analyses examined the impact of demographic factors such as sex,age,and time-to-onset.Temporal patterns and associated risk factors were also investigated.Results:Haemolytic anaemia and haemolysis emerged as the most frequently reported AEs,exhibiting significantly elevated RORs(males:ROR 381.36,95%CI 247.06-588.60;females:ROR 455.11,95%CI 286.43-723.12).Sex-specific differences were evident,with females showing a higher incidence of reproductive-related AEs,including spontaneous abortion and premature labour.Temporal trend analysis revealed that the majority of AEs occurred within the first 30 days after the initiation of artemether administration,indicating a rapid onset.The most affected SOCs were blood and lymphatic system disorders and hepatobiliary disorders.Conclusions:Artemether is associated with a notable frequency of early-onset AEs,particularly hematological and hepatobiliary disorders.The observed sex-specific vulnerability to reproductive AEs highlights the need for sex-conscious clinical approaches.Enhanced post-treatment monitoring and further investigations into the drug’s pharmacokinetics and mechanistic pathways are recommended.
文摘Objective:To characterize placental morphologic features in Moroccan women with adverse outcomes,across different clinical contexts,based on the Amsterdam consensus classification.Methods:A prospective analysis was conducted on placentas with umbilical cords collected fresh between March 1,2024 and July 15,2024 from women with adverse pregnancy outcomes.Clinical data(age,parity,gravidity,complications)were retrieved.Macroscopic parameters(weight,dimensions,cord insertion,membranes,lesions)were assessed,followed by systematic sampling.Tissue was processed by standard histology(formalin fixation,paraffin embedding,hematoxylin and eosin staining),and lesions were classified per Amsterdam criteria.Results:16 placentas from patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes were included.The median maternal age was 30 years.Adverse conditions included placental abruption(50%),intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR,38%),intrauterine fetal death(IUFD,31%),pre-eclampsia/eclampsia(19%),premature rupture of membranes(13%),and oligohydramnios(13%).Several placentas were associated with more than one adverse condition.Histopathology revealed maternal vascular malperfusion lesions in 94%,particularly in pre-eclampsia,IUGR,and IUFD.Fetal vascular malperfusion was found in 88%,mainly in IUGR and IUFD.Inflammatory lesions,dominated by acute maternal and fetal responses stage 3(necrotizing chorioamnionitis and funisitis),were primarily linked to IUFD.Conclusions:Placental examination enhances understanding of the pathophysiology underlying adverse pregnancy outcomes,supports diagnostic confirmation,and guides preventive strategies for recurrence.This study highlights the prevalence of maternal vascular malperfusion in Moroccan women and emphasizes the importance of systematic placental histopathology in obstetric care.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32525049).
文摘Concerns about the long-term safety and efficacy of glibenclamide(GLIB),a type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)treatment,have been reported[1].Recent evidence indicates the gut microbiota composition significantly affects host glucose metabolism and drugbioavailability,increasingthe efficacy of T2DM therapy[2].In this context,probiotic-drug coadministration,an emerging adjunct approach for treating metabolic diseases,improves therapeutic outcomes and ameliorates side effects[3].
基金supported by a grant from the Canadian Institute of Health Research to M.S. M.Ssupported by the Sackler program in epigenetics and psychobiology at McGill University,Canada
文摘The impact of early physical and social environments on life-long phenotypes is well known. Moreover, we have documented evidence for gene-environment interactions where identical gene variants are associated with different phenotypes that are dependent on early life adversity. What are the mechanisms that embed these early life experiences in the genome？ DNA methylation is an enzymatically- catalyzed modification of DNA that serves as a mechanism by which similar sequences acquire cell type identity during cellular differentiation and embryogenesis in the same individual. The hypothesis that will be discussed here proposes that the same mechanism confers environmental-exposure specific identity upon DNA providing a mechanism for embedding environmental experiences in the genome, thus affecting long-term phenotypes. Particularly important is the environment early in life including both the prenatal and postnatal social environments.
基金This study has been supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant number 81874268].
文摘ObjectiveTo present an approach to phenotyping ACEs and explore the association between ACEs and adolescent health risky behaviors based on the social context of China.Methods Totally,5,726 adolescents aged 12-18 years were investigated about their ACEs in the family,peer,school,and personal domains and the occurrence of six types of risky health behaviors(i.e.,smoking,drinking,sexual intercourse,self-harm,and suicidal ideation and attempts).Latent class analysis(LCA)was used to explore the ACE patterns.Results Six latent classes of ACEs were identified,including low adversity,school adversity,school adversity and peer victimization,peer victimization,maltreatment and peer victimization,and high adversity,and associated with risky health behaviors in adolescents.Being physically punished by a teacher,experiencing sexual abuse,and experiencing family trauma most strongly differentiated from the six AcE classes and were correlated with an increased risk for risky adolescent health behaviors.ConclusionThis study supports a positive association between ACEs and risky adolescent health behaviors.Peer victimization,school adversity and associated contexts need to be considered in future ACEstudies.
文摘Socially disadvantaged individuals with HIV experience unacceptably high rates of AIDS and death. The authors developed an adversity index to quantify the impact of demographic and psychosocial factors on HIV care. This retrospective cohort study included 431 participants with HIV on combined antiretroviral therapy between 2000 and 2005. Poor outcome was defined as progression to AIDS, death, virologic failure, or CD4 < 200 cells/μl at six months. The index utilized eight demographic and psychosocial variables independently associated with poor outcome. Exposure to higher numbers of variables in the adversity index significantly increased the rates of poor outcome from 14% (exposure to no variables) to 100% (exposure to seven variables). The odds of poor outcome decreased but remained significant after adjusting for adherence-defining variables, indicating a possible mediating effect of poor adherence. Durably effective therapeutic strategies must include addressing adverse demographic and psychosocial factors affecting people living with HIV.
文摘In the laboratory,environmental enrichment（EE）is used as a protocol to understand the functional,behavioral and molecular mechanisms that underlie neural plasticity（van Praag et al.,2000;Sale et al.,2014）.In addition,it is utilized to provide supplementary resources to animals in order to maintain their well-being and to preserve the scientific validity of the study at hand（see http：//www.nap.edu/catalog/12910/guide-for-thecare-and-use-of-laboratory-animals-eighth）.
文摘Chinese companies join the fight against COVID-19 throughout Africa At a Chinese electricity project deep inside Uganda,Muzinga Hamis and his colleagues put up numerous signs reminding staff and villagers to wear masks,practice social distancing and check their body daily.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52279103,52379103)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2023YQ049)。
文摘Geological analysis,despite being a long-term method for identifying adverse geology in tunnels,has significant limitations due to its reliance on empirical analysis.The quantitative aspects of geochemical anomalies associated with adverse geology provide a novel strategy for addressing these limitations.However,statistical methods for identifying geochemical anomalies are insufficient for tunnel engineering.In contrast,data mining techniques such as machine learning have demonstrated greater efficacy when applied to geological data.Herein,a method for identifying adverse geology using machine learning of geochemical anomalies is proposed.The method was identified geochemical anomalies in tunnel that were not identified by statistical methods.We by employing robust factor analysis and self-organizing maps to reduce the dimensionality of geochemical data and extract the anomaly elements combination(AEC).Using the AEC sample data,we trained an isolation forest model to identify the multi-element anomalies,successfully.We analyzed the adverse geological features based the multi-element anomalies.This study,therefore,extends the traditional approach of geological analysis in tunnels and demonstrates that machine learning is an effective tool for intelligent geological analysis.Correspondingly,the research offers new insights regarding the adverse geology and the prevention of hazards during the construction of tunnels and underground engineering projects.
基金Supported by Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology,Fujian Province,No.2023Y9187 and No.2021Y9057.
文摘BACKGROUND Minimally invasive esophagectomy(MIE)is a widely accepted treatment for esophageal cancer,yet it is associated with a significant risk of surgical adverse events(SAEs),which can compromise patient recovery and long-term survival.Accurate preoperative identification of high-risk patients is critical for improving outcomes.AIM To establish and validate a risk prediction and stratification model for the risk of SAEs in patients with MIE.METHODS This retrospective study included 747 patients who underwent MIE at two centers from January 2019 to February 2024.Patients were separated into a train set(n=549)and a validation set(n=198).After screening by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression,multivariate logistic regression analyzed clinical and intraoperative variables to identify independent risk factors for SAEs.A risk stratification model was constructed and validated to predict the probability of SAEs.RESULTS SAEs occurred in 10.2%of patients in train set and 13.6%in the validation set.Patients with SAE had significantly higher complication rate and a longer hospital stay after surgery.The key independent risk factors identified included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,a history of alcohol consumption,low forced expiratory volume in the first second,and low albumin levels.The stratification model has excellent prediction accuracy,with an area under the curve of 0.889 for the training set and an area under the curve of 0.793 for the validation set.CONCLUSION The developed risk stratification model effectively predicts the risk of SAEs in patients undergoing MIE,facilitating targeted preoperative interventions and improving perioperative management.
文摘IS there an audience for a Mauritanian director promoting a movie about Mall in China？ It depends on the director and the film French speakers, film students and film lovers packed the China Film Archive auditorium to watch Abderrahmane Sissako＇s famous film Timbuktu with the director himself.
文摘Background: Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is associated with a higher likelihood of developing psychological disorders among adolescents. The current study aimed to analyze the effect of independent and cumulative effects of ACEs exposure on the likelihood of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and a Complex PTSD (CPSTD) diagnosis in Indian adolescents. Methods: A sample of 411 schoolchildren participated in the study. It was collected data on exposure to ACEs, PTSD, CPTSD, and attachment styles. Results: It was found that exposure to bullying and threats of violence was significantly associated with PTSD and CPTSD diagnosis, and exposure to physical violence and serious illness was associated with CPTSD diagnosis. Exposure to one ACE and exposure to 2 - 3 ACEs were associated with PTSD and CPTSD diagnosis, while exposure to 4 - 5 ACEs was associated with CPTSD diagnosis. Preoccupied and fearful attachment styles were significantly associated with PTSD and CPTSD diagnosis. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that biological, psychological, and social factors interact and contribute to the differential prevalence of ACE, attachment styles, and PTSD/CPTSD. This study emphasizes the need of addressing childhood trauma as a public health priority in India.
文摘Paclitaxel is one of the commonly used drugs in postoperative chemotherapy for ovarian cancer patients. However, affected by drug dosage and individual differences in the course of medication, patients will have different degrees of adverse reactions, which will cause damage to the patient’s body once they occur. This paper retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with severe allergic reactions such as fecal incontinence and numbness of hands and feet caused by the use of paclitaxel liposome during postoperative chemotherapy in a case of ovarian cancer admitted to our hospital. The causes and corresponding treatment measures were analyzed, in order to provide the reference for medical staff to take effective countermeasures in advance in the future.
基金Supported by the Fujian Provincial Health and Family Planning Youth Scientific Research Project,No.2022QNB029.
文摘BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has shown an increased risk of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)in left-behind children and adolescents(LBCAs).However,a systematic summary of studies comparing the risk of NSSI between LBCAs and non-LBCAs in China is lacking.AIM To investigate the risk of NSSI among LBCAs in China.METHODS We performed a systematic search of Embase,PubMed,and Web of Science from initiation to October 25,2024,for all relevant studies of NSSI and LBCAs.The effect sizes were reported as odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CI).Sensitivity analyses were conducted to further confirm the stability of the findings.RESULTS A total of 10 studies with 165276 children and adolescents were included in this study.LBCAs had significantly higher rates of NSSI compared with non-LBCAs(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.19-1.49),with high heterogeneity observed(I^(2)=77%,P<0.001).Further sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary analysis(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.21-1.39,I^(2)=0%).CONCLUSION LBCAs are found to be at an increased risk of NSSI compared with children and adolescents of non-migrants.More attention and intervention are urgently needed for LBCAs,especially those living in developing countries.
文摘Objective:Despite established associations between certain medications and urticaria,the risk profiles of most pharmaceutical agents remain poorly characterized.This investigation aimed to identify risk factors for medication-induced urticaria through comprehensive analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database.Methods:We employed reporting odds ratios(ROR)to evaluate drug-urticaria associations using FAERS data spanning from Q12004 to Q32024.Analytical approaches included univariate screening,LASSO regression,and multivariate logistic regression to identify potential risk factors.Multiple comparison adjustments were implemented using the Bonferroni method.Results:The study identified 1807 pharmaceutical agents potentially associated with urticaria development.Univariate analysis categorized these agents into several therapeutic classes:antimicrobials(19/85),biologics(16/85),analgesics(8/85),dermatologicals(3/85),anti-rheumatic agents(4/85),hormonal preparations(3/85),antihypertensives(2/85),neuropsychiatric medications(2/85),uric acid-lowering drugs(2/85),multiple sclerosis therapies(2/85),and miscellaneous agents(17/85).Multivariate analysis identified three significant risk determinants:middle-aged individuals(36-53 years),female gender,and exposure to any of 82 specific medications.Conclusion:These evidence-based findings provide valuable insights for early clinical recognition of drug-induced urticaria and establish a foundation for subsequent mechanistic investigations into medication-related hypersensitivity reactions.
基金funded by the 2023Laibin City Philosophy and Social Science Research Project(No.2023LBZS035)2024Guangxi Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(No.S202411546046X)2025 Research Project of Guangxi Science&Technology Normal University(No.GXKS2025YB020).
文摘Objectives:Suicidal ideation is a strong predictor of suicide deaths,which refers to the consideration or desire to give up one's own life.Left-behind children in rural China are more vulnerable to psychological problems and suicidal ideation compared to their non-left-behind peers.The aim of the current study was to examine two potential protective factors,negotiable fate belief and coping self-efficacy,and to test the mediating role of coping self-efficacy in the relationship between negotiable fate belief and suicidal ideation.We also analyzed gender differences in this mediation model.Methods:Across-sectional survey was conducted in rural areas ofChina.A sample of 526 left-behind children(285 males,54.18%;241 females,45.82%;Meanage=13.29 years,SD=0.97 years)was recruited to complete the Negotiable Fate Belief Scale,Coping Self-Efficacy Scale,and the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory-Negative Scale.We used structural equation modeling to test the mediation model and multigroup analysis to test the moderation effect of gender.Results:Negotiable fate belief is negatively correlated with suicidal ideation(r=-0.13,p<0.01).Moreover,coping self-efficacy mediates the relationship between negotiable fate belief and suicidal ideation(β=-0.06,95%confidence interval(CI)[-0.12,-0.02]),accounting for 35.29%of the total effect.Finally,the mediating effect of coping self-efficacy was found to be significant only for female left-behind children(male:95%CI[-0.09,0.07];female:95%CI[-0.16,-0.01]).For female left-behind children,the mediating effect was complete,with a coefficient of-0.06,accounting for 85.71%of the total effect.Conclusions:The relationship between negotiable fate belief and suicidal ideation among rural left-behind children is mediated by coping self-efficacy,and this mediation effect was moderated by gender.This study provides a theoretical explanation for how cultivating the belief in negotiable fate and coping self-efficacy is effective for reducing suicidal ideation of rural left-behind children.
