This study evaluates the ecological effectiveness of urban landscape designs in Chinese cities through systematic PRISMA review methodology that integrates 70 peer-reviewed articles concerning design since 2018.Three ...This study evaluates the ecological effectiveness of urban landscape designs in Chinese cities through systematic PRISMA review methodology that integrates 70 peer-reviewed articles concerning design since 2018.Three core dimensions about cultural integration and ecological functionality and landscape integration receive explicit assessment for ecosystem services including carbon sequestration potential along with urban cooling intensity reductions and stormwater retention capacity as well as biodiversity outcomes including habitat connectivity indices and species richness gains and climate resilience.Research indicates that culturally sensitive design improves regional identity together with social cohesion yet maintains a superficial approach because it does not develop community-driven stewardship programs.Plant cover increases between 15 to 25 percent and habitat connections increase 30 percent while temperature decreases between 1 to 2 degrees Celsius and pollinator populations grow through ecological network approaches to urban development despite planning gaps and funding problems and implementation challenges from governance restrictions.Public spaces gain improved multifunctional character and aesthetic appeal when stakeholders implement landscape integration yet regulatory inconsistencies with stakeholder disputes reduce its effective implementation.The paper ends with recommendations for adopting ecological standard indicators in evaluations together with urban masterplan inclusion of macro-scale ecological planning both with stronger participatory governance and improved green space management systems.These findings present practicable guidance for enhancing biodiversity preservation and ecological stability together with ecosystem service delivery within urbanizing areas.展开更多
The relationship between landscape patterns and soil conservation,as well as the need for nature-based soil erosion control and landscape pattern optimization,have increasingly gained attention in the scientific and p...The relationship between landscape patterns and soil conservation,as well as the need for nature-based soil erosion control and landscape pattern optimization,have increasingly gained attention in the scientific and political community in the past decade.With the implementation of a series of afforestation/reforestation projects in the western China,the optimization and management of forest landscape patterns will become more important for soil conservation.In this study,the Bailongjiang Watershed(BLJW),in the western China,was used as a case study to explore the relationship between the forest landscape pattern and soil conservation services using mathematical and spatial statistics methods.A spatially-explicit model called the sediment delivery ratio(SDR)model of the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)was used to assess the soil conservation service in each sub-basin of BLJW in 1990,2002,and 2014,and landscape indices were used to describe changes in forest landscape patterns in each sub-basin.Nine forest landscape indices,including the percentage of landscape(PLAND),largest patch index(LPI),edge density(ED),landscape shape index(LSI),mean patch shape(SHAPEMN),patch cohesion index(COHESION),landscape division index(DIVISION),splitting index(SPLIT)and aggregation index(AI),were significantly correlated to the soil conservation service.PLAND,AI,LSI and SPLIT of forestland were determined to be the more important landscape indicators.The results also indicated that soil conservation was substantially scale-dependent.The results demonstrated that landscape type diversity greatly affected watershed soil conservation and can be used for forest landscape restoration and management.Furthermore,spatial statistics analysis indicated that the Spatial Lag Model(SLM)was superior to the Ordinary Least Squares(OLS)for soil conservation regressions in 1990 and 2014,while OLS was more appropriate for the regression in 2002.These findings will be useful for enhancing soil conservation and for optimizing mountainous forest landscape patterns for afforestation/reforestation and regional development.Future planning and implementation of ecological restoration should focus more on strategic spatial planning and integrated landscape management with full consideration of future climate,water availability/consumption,hydrological regime,topography,and watershed features,especially on afforestation and revegetation projects in western mountainous China,where the socio-ecological system is fragile and poor.展开更多
Climate warming-induced rangeland degradation in arid and semiarid steppe imposes substantial threats to the livelihoods of people.But this dilemma can be solved by combining all sectors of agriculture,animal husbandr...Climate warming-induced rangeland degradation in arid and semiarid steppe imposes substantial threats to the livelihoods of people.But this dilemma can be solved by combining all sectors of agriculture,animal husbandry and tourism through their complementarity,i.e.by adopting integrated landscape ecosystem-based approaches.A number of experiences and lessons have been achieved in a specific sector for its successful development,but not in the multiple social,economic,and ecological systems.In this study,we use the perspective of integrated ecosystem management to strengthen crop-livestock integration and innovative livelihoods,and propose a multifunctional Kailash Landscape to activate the inter-linkage among agriculture,animal husbandry,and heritage pilgrimage/tourism in order to achieve multiple functions of the socio-ecological system.A case study of Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation and Development Initiative in China was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed by land use and land cover change and their consequences on multiple ecosystem services.Integrated landscape management was found to be effective in building resilience of socio-ecosystems by reducing the vulnerability of traditional agriculture in terms of improving crop production and animal husbandry.A multifunctional landscape is expected to be integrated and build a resilient sector complementarity including farming,pastorism,environmental and socioeconomic function.The analyses show that integrated landscape approaches provide an effective perspective for sustainable socio-economic development in this sacred landscape.The findings highlight the importance of landscape-scale ecosystem-based adaptation to environment change.展开更多
Cultivated land plays a pivotal role in ensuring national food security,particularly in populous nations like China,where substantial investments are made to develop cultivated land as a counterbalance to construction...Cultivated land plays a pivotal role in ensuring national food security,particularly in populous nations like China,where substantial investments are made to develop cultivated land as a counterbalance to construction-occupied areas.Consequently,long-term,effective monitoring of the utilization of newly cultivated land becomes imperative.This study introduces a comprehensive monitoring framework,designed for refined scales,that leverages remote sensing data.The framework focuses on the sustainable utilization of newly cultivated land,emphasizing utilization sustainability,productivity stability,and landscape integration.Its effectiveness was validated through a case study in Guangdong province,China.The results revealed satisfactory utilization sustainability and improved productivity stability of newly cultivated land in Guangdong,though landscape integration showed sub-optimal results.Furthermore,the comprehensive evaluation categorized the newly cultivated land into three levels and eight types.The study recommends enhancing the site selection process for newly cultivated land and improving the long-term monitoring,as well as incentive and constraint mechanisms,for their utilization.This study can provide a scientific reference to bolster the implementation of cultivated land protection policies,thereby contributing significantly to high-quality economic and social development.展开更多
文摘This study evaluates the ecological effectiveness of urban landscape designs in Chinese cities through systematic PRISMA review methodology that integrates 70 peer-reviewed articles concerning design since 2018.Three core dimensions about cultural integration and ecological functionality and landscape integration receive explicit assessment for ecosystem services including carbon sequestration potential along with urban cooling intensity reductions and stormwater retention capacity as well as biodiversity outcomes including habitat connectivity indices and species richness gains and climate resilience.Research indicates that culturally sensitive design improves regional identity together with social cohesion yet maintains a superficial approach because it does not develop community-driven stewardship programs.Plant cover increases between 15 to 25 percent and habitat connections increase 30 percent while temperature decreases between 1 to 2 degrees Celsius and pollinator populations grow through ecological network approaches to urban development despite planning gaps and funding problems and implementation challenges from governance restrictions.Public spaces gain improved multifunctional character and aesthetic appeal when stakeholders implement landscape integration yet regulatory inconsistencies with stakeholder disputes reduce its effective implementation.The paper ends with recommendations for adopting ecological standard indicators in evaluations together with urban masterplan inclusion of macro-scale ecological planning both with stronger participatory governance and improved green space management systems.These findings present practicable guidance for enhancing biodiversity preservation and ecological stability together with ecosystem service delivery within urbanizing areas.
基金Under the auspices of the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research of China(No.2019QZKK0603)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41771196)。
文摘The relationship between landscape patterns and soil conservation,as well as the need for nature-based soil erosion control and landscape pattern optimization,have increasingly gained attention in the scientific and political community in the past decade.With the implementation of a series of afforestation/reforestation projects in the western China,the optimization and management of forest landscape patterns will become more important for soil conservation.In this study,the Bailongjiang Watershed(BLJW),in the western China,was used as a case study to explore the relationship between the forest landscape pattern and soil conservation services using mathematical and spatial statistics methods.A spatially-explicit model called the sediment delivery ratio(SDR)model of the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)was used to assess the soil conservation service in each sub-basin of BLJW in 1990,2002,and 2014,and landscape indices were used to describe changes in forest landscape patterns in each sub-basin.Nine forest landscape indices,including the percentage of landscape(PLAND),largest patch index(LPI),edge density(ED),landscape shape index(LSI),mean patch shape(SHAPEMN),patch cohesion index(COHESION),landscape division index(DIVISION),splitting index(SPLIT)and aggregation index(AI),were significantly correlated to the soil conservation service.PLAND,AI,LSI and SPLIT of forestland were determined to be the more important landscape indicators.The results also indicated that soil conservation was substantially scale-dependent.The results demonstrated that landscape type diversity greatly affected watershed soil conservation and can be used for forest landscape restoration and management.Furthermore,spatial statistics analysis indicated that the Spatial Lag Model(SLM)was superior to the Ordinary Least Squares(OLS)for soil conservation regressions in 1990 and 2014,while OLS was more appropriate for the regression in 2002.These findings will be useful for enhancing soil conservation and for optimizing mountainous forest landscape patterns for afforestation/reforestation and regional development.Future planning and implementation of ecological restoration should focus more on strategic spatial planning and integrated landscape management with full consideration of future climate,water availability/consumption,hydrological regime,topography,and watershed features,especially on afforestation and revegetation projects in western mountainous China,where the socio-ecological system is fragile and poor.
基金This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0502001)the Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation and Development Initiative from ICIMOD.
文摘Climate warming-induced rangeland degradation in arid and semiarid steppe imposes substantial threats to the livelihoods of people.But this dilemma can be solved by combining all sectors of agriculture,animal husbandry and tourism through their complementarity,i.e.by adopting integrated landscape ecosystem-based approaches.A number of experiences and lessons have been achieved in a specific sector for its successful development,but not in the multiple social,economic,and ecological systems.In this study,we use the perspective of integrated ecosystem management to strengthen crop-livestock integration and innovative livelihoods,and propose a multifunctional Kailash Landscape to activate the inter-linkage among agriculture,animal husbandry,and heritage pilgrimage/tourism in order to achieve multiple functions of the socio-ecological system.A case study of Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation and Development Initiative in China was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed by land use and land cover change and their consequences on multiple ecosystem services.Integrated landscape management was found to be effective in building resilience of socio-ecosystems by reducing the vulnerability of traditional agriculture in terms of improving crop production and animal husbandry.A multifunctional landscape is expected to be integrated and build a resilient sector complementarity including farming,pastorism,environmental and socioeconomic function.The analyses show that integrated landscape approaches provide an effective perspective for sustainable socio-economic development in this sacred landscape.The findings highlight the importance of landscape-scale ecosystem-based adaptation to environment change.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42271259。
文摘Cultivated land plays a pivotal role in ensuring national food security,particularly in populous nations like China,where substantial investments are made to develop cultivated land as a counterbalance to construction-occupied areas.Consequently,long-term,effective monitoring of the utilization of newly cultivated land becomes imperative.This study introduces a comprehensive monitoring framework,designed for refined scales,that leverages remote sensing data.The framework focuses on the sustainable utilization of newly cultivated land,emphasizing utilization sustainability,productivity stability,and landscape integration.Its effectiveness was validated through a case study in Guangdong province,China.The results revealed satisfactory utilization sustainability and improved productivity stability of newly cultivated land in Guangdong,though landscape integration showed sub-optimal results.Furthermore,the comprehensive evaluation categorized the newly cultivated land into three levels and eight types.The study recommends enhancing the site selection process for newly cultivated land and improving the long-term monitoring,as well as incentive and constraint mechanisms,for their utilization.This study can provide a scientific reference to bolster the implementation of cultivated land protection policies,thereby contributing significantly to high-quality economic and social development.
