With the continuous advancement of the tiered diagnosis and treatment system,the medical consortium model has gained increasing attention as an important approach to promoting the vertical integration of healthcare re...With the continuous advancement of the tiered diagnosis and treatment system,the medical consortium model has gained increasing attention as an important approach to promoting the vertical integration of healthcare resources.Within this context,laboratory data,as a key component of healthcare information systems,urgently requires efficient sharing and intelligent analysis.This paper designs and constructs an intelligent early warning system for laboratory data based on a cloud platform tailored to the medical consortium model.Through standardized data formats and unified access interfaces,the system enables the integration and cleaning of laboratory data across multiple healthcare institutions.By combining medical rule sets with machine learning models,the system achieves graded alerts and rapid responses to abnormal key indicators and potential outbreaks of infectious diseases.Practical deployment results demonstrate that the system significantly improves the utilization efficiency of laboratory data,strengthens public health event monitoring,and optimizes inter-institutional collaboration.The paper also discusses challenges encountered during system implementation,such as inconsistent data standards,security and compliance concerns,and model interpretability,and proposes corresponding optimization strategies.These findings provide a reference for the broader application of intelligent medical early warning systems.展开更多
In this study,the design and development of a sensor made of low-cost parts to monitor inclination and acceleration are presented.Αmicro electro-mechanical systems,micro electro mechanical systems,sensor was housed i...In this study,the design and development of a sensor made of low-cost parts to monitor inclination and acceleration are presented.Αmicro electro-mechanical systems,micro electro mechanical systems,sensor was housed in a robust enclosure and interfaced with a Raspberry Pi microcomputer with Internet connectivity into a proposed tilt and acceleration monitoring node.Online capabilities accessible by mobile phone such as real-time graph,early warning notification,and database logging were implemented using Python programming.The sensor response was calibrated for inherent bias and errors,and then tested thoroughly in the laboratory under static and dynamic loading conditions beside high-quality transducers.Satisfactory accuracy was achieved in real time using the Complementary Filter method,and it was further improved in LabVIEW using Kalman Filters with parameter tuning.A sensor interface with LabVIEW and a 600 MHz CPU microcontroller allowed real-time implementation of highspeed embedded filters,further optimizing sensor results.Kalman and embedded filtering results show agreement for the sensor,followed closely by the lowcomplexity complementary filter applied in real time.The sensor's dynamic response was also verified by shaking table tests,simulating past recorded seismic excitations or artificial vibrations,indicating negligible effect of external acceleration on measured tilt;sensor measurements were benchmarked using highquality tilt and acceleration measuring transducers.A preliminary field evaluation shows robustness of the sensor to harsh weather conditions.展开更多
The first laboratory of electromagnetic compatibility in Chinais possessed of vivid characteristics in respect of design and configurationof testing equipment. It has successively completed some testing projectsand wi...The first laboratory of electromagnetic compatibility in Chinais possessed of vivid characteristics in respect of design and configurationof testing equipment. It has successively completed some testing projectsand will unfold a more extensive range of measurement and test works inthe days to come.[展开更多
This paper describes the development and challenge of HIV/AIDS testing laboratory network and quality assurance system in China. At present,the HIV/AIDS testing laboratories includes three classes,the National AIDS Re...This paper describes the development and challenge of HIV/AIDS testing laboratory network and quality assurance system in China. At present,the HIV/AIDS testing laboratories includes three classes,the National AIDS Reference Laboratory,HIV/AIDS confirmatory laboratories and HIV/AIDS screening laboratories. All of them are accredited by the health authorities,and each class of laboratories take charge of their function strictly according to the "National Management of HIV/AIDS Detection (2006)". A complete quality assurance and quality control system for HIV/AIDS testing has been developed,which includes technical training,strict laboratory monitoring and approval,examination or proficiency testing on HIV/AIDS detection,and quality evaluation and supervision of HIV/AIDS diagnostic kits. Besides conduct the routine anti-HIV antibody test,more and more laboratories began to conduct other tests,such as CD4+ T lymphocyte cell counting,HIV viral load,HIV DNA PCR,genotyping,drug resistance,and HIV-1 recent infection test. The primary challenges faced by the HIV/AIDS testing laboratory network are in the areas of laboratory management and quality control. For example,the provincial PT program is inefficient,the internal quality control is conducted perfunctorily,personnel training can not met the needs of the workplace,which need to be improved.展开更多
Chemical modifications of proteins induced by ambient ozone(O_(3))and nitrogen oxides(NOx)are of public health concerns due to their potential to trigger respiratory diseases.The laboratory and environmental exposure ...Chemical modifications of proteins induced by ambient ozone(O_(3))and nitrogen oxides(NOx)are of public health concerns due to their potential to trigger respiratory diseases.The laboratory and environmental exposure systems have been widely used to investigate their relevant mechanism in the atmosphere.Using bovine serum albumin(BSA)as a model protein,we evaluated the two systems and aimed to reduce the uncertainties of both the reactants and products in the corresponding kinetic study.In the laboratory simulation system,the generated gaseous pollutants showed negligible losses.Ten layers of BSA were coated on the flow tube with protein extraction recovery of 87.4%.For environmental exposure experiment,quartz fiber filter was selected as the upper filter with low gaseous O_(3)(8.0%)and NO_(2)(1.7%)losses,and cellulose acetate filter was appropriate for the lower filter with protein extraction efficiency of 95.2%.The protein degradation process was observed without the exposure to atmospheric oxidants and contributed to the loss of protein monomer mass fractions,while environmental factors(e.g.,molecular oxygen and ultraviolet)may cause greater protein monomer losses.Based on the evaluation,the study exemplarily applied the two systems to protein modification and both showed that O_(3) promotes the protein oligomerization and nitration,while increased temperature can accelerate the oligomerization and increased relative humidity can inhibit the nitration in the environmental exposure samples.The developed laboratory and environmental systems are suitable for studying protein modifications formed under different atmospheric conditions.A combination of the two will further reveal the actual mechanism of protein modifications.展开更多
Clinical laboratory tests are basic elements that support healthcare tasks such as disease detection, diagnosis and monitoring of response to treatments. Current laboratory information systems focus on the patient dat...Clinical laboratory tests are basic elements that support healthcare tasks such as disease detection, diagnosis and monitoring of response to treatments. Current laboratory information systems focus on the patient database, tests and results, with multiple modules available, connecting with the various analytical systems or work areas. However laboratory information systems functioned as “islands of information”, because their design was fundamentally inward-looking and disconnected from other healthcare computer applications. Actually, the Electronic Health Register (EHR) is considered by clinicians as a tool with great potential healthcare benefits. The EHR, in the sense of a unique and complete record of a patient’s healthcare and state of health, regardless of the healthcare level used, is a real attempt to eliminate these “islands of information” and need modules to act as “bridges” with the laboratory information systems. This type of module, which in generic terms may be referred to as a laboratory test request module, has become an essential feature of the EHR. These modules need to use a laboratory coding system as a common language for exchanging information, ensuring that tests and results are unequivocally identified. The development of the laboratory test request module requires the commitment of professionals and political authorities, being necessary time for their design and an adequate pilot phase. The laboratory professionals have to assume a leadership role in the whole process of design, development and implementation of these modules, integrating in the equipment of information technologies of healthcare providers. In our manuscript we review the elements that may prove electronic systems for requesting clinical laboratory test into digital clinical records and the key elements to move from theory to practice.展开更多
A study was conducted in Kaduna State Nigeria to ascertain the impact of Drug Supply and laboratory services towards effective functioning of DOTS system. Six DOTS providing centres were identified for the study and i...A study was conducted in Kaduna State Nigeria to ascertain the impact of Drug Supply and laboratory services towards effective functioning of DOTS system. Six DOTS providing centres were identified for the study and in each centre, three respondents were selected based on their profession, the Medical Officer, the Pharmacist and the Laboratory Technician totaling 18. The officers were interviewed for the purpose of the research. Semi structured Interviews were conducted in this research as a means of obtaining Health workers perspective. The Interview which was conducted in their respective work station was open ended and all questions are same for all respondents. During the course of the study, all respondents agreed that the sources of drugs supply to their respective centres was the Kaduna State Tuberculosis and leprosy control Program office from the state capital and that drugs are been supplied quarterly and are adequate with slight interruption due to Logistic while for Laboratory services the respondents were of the view that there is the need to improve on it as there are cases of shortage of reagents and erratic supply of Electricity for effective Laboratory functioning.展开更多
BACKGROUND Liver injury is a common complication of infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus.The utility of laboratory hematology data in the diagnosis and risk stratification ...BACKGROUND Liver injury is a common complication of infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus.The utility of laboratory hematology data in the diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has not been comprehensively examined.AIM To address the following.(1)Are the abnormalities in hematologic parameters seen in the general population of patients with COVID-19 also seen in those patients with associated liver injury?(2)Is liver injury in COVID-19 a sign of severe disease and does liver injury correlate with hematologic markers of severe disease?And(3)What is the quality of this evidence?METHODS To address these questions,a comprehensive systematic review was performed.We searched the peer reviewed medical literature using MEDLINE(PubMed interface),Web of Science,and EMBASE for cohort studies that specifically addressed liver injury and COVID-19 without limitation of date of publication or language.A quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.RESULTS Thirty-two articles were suitable for inclusion in our systematic review.These included 22 articles with a cohort of COVID-19 patients with liver injury,5 comparing non-severe vs severe COVID-19 populations in which liver injury was addressed,and 5 other cohort studies with a focus on liver injury.White blood cell count,absolute neutrophil count,absolute lymphocyte count(ALC),and hemoglobin were the parameters most helpful in distinguishing COVID-19 with liver injury from COVID-19 without liver injury.ALC and d-dimer were identified as being potentially useful in distinguishing non-severe from severe COVID-19. Liver injury was more frequently seen in cohorts with severe disease.Most studies were of high quality (24/48, 86%) with 4/28 (14%) of moderatequality and 0 of low quality.CONCLUSIONOur study supports the use of select hematologic parameters in diagnosis and riskstratification of liver injury in COVID-19 patients. Although of overall highquality, the current medical literature is limited by the small number of studieswith high statistical power and the variable definition of COVID-19 liver injury inthe literature.展开更多
A laboratory information system (LIS) established in a microbiology department has the potential to play an important role in the quality of microbiology data such as culture of blood, urine, stool, pus swab samples e...A laboratory information system (LIS) established in a microbiology department has the potential to play an important role in the quality of microbiology data such as culture of blood, urine, stool, pus swab samples etc. Such data could be effectively utilised to measure the burden of antimicrobial resistance among patients presented to various hospitals and clinics with an episode of an infectious illness of bacterial origin. A variety of clinical and epidemiological investigations are conducted using culture data and the presence of an electronic system such as LIS enhances such investigations and improves the reliability of measures of antimicrobial resistance owing to improved data quality as well as completeness of data gathered as opposed to paper based system. Therefore to improve surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in South Africa, there is a need to reinforce the functionality of the LIS in both public and private microbiology laboratories as this will help to improve internal quality control methodologies.展开更多
The safe environmental condition of biological and chemical laboratories at universities in Sudan is a real and tangible problem that needs to be properly addressed due to the increased number of universities which gr...The safe environmental condition of biological and chemical laboratories at universities in Sudan is a real and tangible problem that needs to be properly addressed due to the increased number of universities which grew up to 25 State-Level Universities. This could sum up to 200 students per academic year. One of the significant problems is the proper ventilation inside the laboratories. This paper aims to provide a proposal for design of an optimum ventilation system for: 1) Good and safe environment;2) Comfortable workplace for laboratories occupants;3) Ensure the health of the surrounding environment while minimizing the energy consumption. Five chemicals are selected for this study as the most consumed and the most hazardous (permissible exposure limits) inside the laboratories of the department of chemistry faculty of science, Al-Neelain university;formaldehyde, nitric acid, acetic acid, xylene and ethanol. Concentration level of materials in laboratory is calculated in correlation with air exchange rate, vapor pressure and area of laboratory. Results concluded to that up 15 ACH the concentration of formaldehyde and nitric acid is still high. Recommendations are given with the limitation of using the suggested mathematical model, regarding laboratory conditions, severity of the material hazardousness, number of people.展开更多
Objective This study reports the first imported case of Lassa fever(LF)in China.Laboratory detection and molecular epidemiological analysis of the Lassa virus(LASV)from this case offer valuable insights for the preven...Objective This study reports the first imported case of Lassa fever(LF)in China.Laboratory detection and molecular epidemiological analysis of the Lassa virus(LASV)from this case offer valuable insights for the prevention and control of LF.Methods Samples of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),blood,urine,saliva,and environmental materials were collected from the patient and their close contacts for LASV nucleotide detection.Whole-genome sequencing was performed on positive samples to analyze the genetic characteristics of the virus.Results LASV was detected in the patient’s CSF,blood,and urine,while all samples from close contacts and the environment tested negative.The virus belongs to the lineage IV strain and shares the highest homology with strains from Sierra Leone.The variability in the glycoprotein complex(GPC)among different strains ranged from 3.9%to 15.1%,higher than previously reported for the seven known lineages.Amino acid mutation analysis revealed multiple mutations within the GPC immunogenic epitopes,increasing strain diversity and potentially impacting immune response.Conclusion The case was confirmed through nucleotide detection,with no evidence of secondary transmission or viral spread.The LASV strain identified belongs to lineage IV,with broader GPC variability than previously reported.Mutations in the immune-related sites of GPC may affect immune responses,necessitating heightened vigilance regarding the virus.展开更多
With the rapid development of virtual reality(VR)and augmented reality(AR)technologies,their application potential in the field of education has become increasingly significant.For a long time,fire safety education in...With the rapid development of virtual reality(VR)and augmented reality(AR)technologies,their application potential in the field of education has become increasingly significant.For a long time,fire safety education in university laboratories has faced numerous challenges,and traditional teaching methods have been insufficiently effective,with high-risk scenarios difficult to realistically recreate.Especially in special scenarios involving hazardous chemicals,conventional training methods struggle to enable learners to achieve deep understanding and behavioral formation.This study systematically integrates immersive technology theory with safety education needs,providing a replicable technical solution for safety education in high-risk environments.Its modular design approach has reference value for expansion into other professional fields,offering practical evidence for innovation in safety education models in the digital age.展开更多
State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.
State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.The la...State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.The laboratory was reconstructed based on former State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resources Researches and Comprehensive Utilization.展开更多
State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.The la...State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.The laboratory was reconstructed based on former State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resources Researches and Comprehensive Utilization.展开更多
Background Small-scale research or individual seed cotton samples from breeders and geneticists are ginned using laboratory saws or roller gins.The objective of this study was to examine the effects of two different l...Background Small-scale research or individual seed cotton samples from breeders and geneticists are ginned using laboratory saws or roller gins.The objective of this study was to examine the effects of two different laboratory saw ginning(SG)rates and subsequent mechanical blending on fiber high volume instrument(HVI)and advanced fiber information system(AFIS)quality measurement.Seed cottons from diverse upland cotton cultivars,years,and locations were evaluated.Results As the SG rate was increased,HVI results for uniformity index(UI),short fiber index(SFI),and two non-lint parameters(area%,particle count),as well as AFIS results for some properties,were impacted,with significant effects on HVI UI and AFIS short fiber content(SFC).Apparent fiber blending impacts were observed for HVI UI,strength(STR),reflectance(Rd),SFI,and two trashes as well as for all AFIS parameters,with significant effects on HVI Rd and two trashes and all AFIS parameters except the length and maturity measurements.A combination of ginning and blending processes indicated statistically significant interactions for HVI STR,Rd,SFI,and two trashes,and also for AFIS neps,L(w)CV,UQL(w),L(n)CV,SFC(n),L5%(n),immature fiber content(IFC),fineness,total count,dust count,particle count,and visible foreign matter(VFM).Further analysis implied a few impacts of ginning and blending on correlations between HVI and relevant AFIS qualities.Conclusion Despite the observation,the laboratory saw gin and blending methods should continue to be a practical tool to study the differences when all samples are processed identically.展开更多
This study aims to understand the effect of injection rate on injection-induced fracture activation in granite.We performed water injection-induced slip tests on samples containing either a smooth or a rough fracture ...This study aims to understand the effect of injection rate on injection-induced fracture activation in granite.We performed water injection-induced slip tests on samples containing either a smooth or a rough fracture at four different injection rates under undrained conditions and monitored the acoustic emission(AE)signals during the tests.Experimental results reveal that the critical activation fluid pressure is related to the injection rate,pressure diffusion rate,stress state,and fracture roughness.For the smooth fracture,as the injection rate increases,the critical activation fluid pressure increases significantly,while the injection rate has little effect on the critical activation fluid pressure of the rough fracture.The quasi-static slip distance of fractures decreases as the injection rate increases,with rough fractures exhibiting a greater overall slip distance compared to smooth fractures.The number of AE events per unit sliding distance increases with the injection rate,while the global b value decreases.These results indicate that higher injection rates produce more large-magnitude AE events and more severe slip instability and asperity damage.We established a linkage between fluid injection volume,injection rate,and AE events using the seismogenic index(Σ).The smooth fracture exhibits a steadily increasingΣwith the elapse of injection time,and the rate of increase is higher at higher injection rates;while the rough fracture is featured by a fluctuatingΣ,signifying the intermittent occurrence of large-magnitude AE events associated with the damage of larger fracture asperities.Our results highlight the importance of fracture surface heterogeneity on injection-induced fracture activation and slip.展开更多
Background:Medical laboratory diagnostic services play a critical role in the diagnosis,treatment,and manage-ment of diseases,forming the cornerstone of effective healthcare systems.Despite the crucial role of laborat...Background:Medical laboratory diagnostic services play a critical role in the diagnosis,treatment,and manage-ment of diseases,forming the cornerstone of effective healthcare systems.Despite the crucial role of laboratory services,the quality and accessibility of medical laboratory services in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA)face signifi-cant challenges.Global health development aid has been pivotal in supporting SSA laboratory services.This study aimed to examine global health development aid initiatives that have successfully enhanced the quality of medical laboratory services and the challenges and barriers to effectively improving medical laboratory services through global health development aid in SSA.Methods:We used a narrative review study design.We searched PubMed,Web of Science and Scopus for articles published in the last 15 years.These three databases are generally considered premier databases for peer-reviewed articles in global health,public health,health systems,and biomedical sciences.The inclusion criteria for this review included research studies,reports,and grey literature.Only articles published in English from 2010 on-ward were considered.The analysis followed a qualitative approach,emphasizing thematic synthesis and critical interpretation.Results:Forty articles were included in this study.Of these,18 were primary research studies,11 were reports,7 were commentaries,and 4 were reviews.Five sub-themes from the successful global health development aid initiative themes were capacity building and training programs,infrastructure development,partnership models,policy advocacy and regulatory support,quality control and standardization of laboratory services.The sub-themes from the challenges and barrier theme were insufficient funding and resource allocation,human resource constraints,inadequate infrastructure and equipment,and political and institutional barriers.This review re-vealed that several factors,including financial sustainability,human resource capacity,institutional support,resilience,and effective monitoring systems,shape the sustainability of improvements in medical laboratory services in SSA.Conclusion:Achieving long-term sustainability requires strategies that ensure financial self-sufficiency,foster a skilled and stable workforce,and integrate laboratory services into national health frameworks.展开更多
文摘With the continuous advancement of the tiered diagnosis and treatment system,the medical consortium model has gained increasing attention as an important approach to promoting the vertical integration of healthcare resources.Within this context,laboratory data,as a key component of healthcare information systems,urgently requires efficient sharing and intelligent analysis.This paper designs and constructs an intelligent early warning system for laboratory data based on a cloud platform tailored to the medical consortium model.Through standardized data formats and unified access interfaces,the system enables the integration and cleaning of laboratory data across multiple healthcare institutions.By combining medical rule sets with machine learning models,the system achieves graded alerts and rapid responses to abnormal key indicators and potential outbreaks of infectious diseases.Practical deployment results demonstrate that the system significantly improves the utilization efficiency of laboratory data,strengthens public health event monitoring,and optimizes inter-institutional collaboration.The paper also discusses challenges encountered during system implementation,such as inconsistent data standards,security and compliance concerns,and model interpretability,and proposes corresponding optimization strategies.These findings provide a reference for the broader application of intelligent medical early warning systems.
基金Research Committee,National Technical University of Athens。
文摘In this study,the design and development of a sensor made of low-cost parts to monitor inclination and acceleration are presented.Αmicro electro-mechanical systems,micro electro mechanical systems,sensor was housed in a robust enclosure and interfaced with a Raspberry Pi microcomputer with Internet connectivity into a proposed tilt and acceleration monitoring node.Online capabilities accessible by mobile phone such as real-time graph,early warning notification,and database logging were implemented using Python programming.The sensor response was calibrated for inherent bias and errors,and then tested thoroughly in the laboratory under static and dynamic loading conditions beside high-quality transducers.Satisfactory accuracy was achieved in real time using the Complementary Filter method,and it was further improved in LabVIEW using Kalman Filters with parameter tuning.A sensor interface with LabVIEW and a 600 MHz CPU microcontroller allowed real-time implementation of highspeed embedded filters,further optimizing sensor results.Kalman and embedded filtering results show agreement for the sensor,followed closely by the lowcomplexity complementary filter applied in real time.The sensor's dynamic response was also verified by shaking table tests,simulating past recorded seismic excitations or artificial vibrations,indicating negligible effect of external acceleration on measured tilt;sensor measurements were benchmarked using highquality tilt and acceleration measuring transducers.A preliminary field evaluation shows robustness of the sensor to harsh weather conditions.
文摘The first laboratory of electromagnetic compatibility in Chinais possessed of vivid characteristics in respect of design and configurationof testing equipment. It has successively completed some testing projectsand will unfold a more extensive range of measurement and test works inthe days to come.[
基金MOH Program on Applied Research in the Prevention and Treatment of AIDS (WA 2003-17)
文摘This paper describes the development and challenge of HIV/AIDS testing laboratory network and quality assurance system in China. At present,the HIV/AIDS testing laboratories includes three classes,the National AIDS Reference Laboratory,HIV/AIDS confirmatory laboratories and HIV/AIDS screening laboratories. All of them are accredited by the health authorities,and each class of laboratories take charge of their function strictly according to the "National Management of HIV/AIDS Detection (2006)". A complete quality assurance and quality control system for HIV/AIDS testing has been developed,which includes technical training,strict laboratory monitoring and approval,examination or proficiency testing on HIV/AIDS detection,and quality evaluation and supervision of HIV/AIDS diagnostic kits. Besides conduct the routine anti-HIV antibody test,more and more laboratories began to conduct other tests,such as CD4+ T lymphocyte cell counting,HIV viral load,HIV DNA PCR,genotyping,drug resistance,and HIV-1 recent infection test. The primary challenges faced by the HIV/AIDS testing laboratory network are in the areas of laboratory management and quality control. For example,the provincial PT program is inefficient,the internal quality control is conducted perfunctorily,personnel training can not met the needs of the workplace,which need to be improved.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41975156,41675119)。
文摘Chemical modifications of proteins induced by ambient ozone(O_(3))and nitrogen oxides(NOx)are of public health concerns due to their potential to trigger respiratory diseases.The laboratory and environmental exposure systems have been widely used to investigate their relevant mechanism in the atmosphere.Using bovine serum albumin(BSA)as a model protein,we evaluated the two systems and aimed to reduce the uncertainties of both the reactants and products in the corresponding kinetic study.In the laboratory simulation system,the generated gaseous pollutants showed negligible losses.Ten layers of BSA were coated on the flow tube with protein extraction recovery of 87.4%.For environmental exposure experiment,quartz fiber filter was selected as the upper filter with low gaseous O_(3)(8.0%)and NO_(2)(1.7%)losses,and cellulose acetate filter was appropriate for the lower filter with protein extraction efficiency of 95.2%.The protein degradation process was observed without the exposure to atmospheric oxidants and contributed to the loss of protein monomer mass fractions,while environmental factors(e.g.,molecular oxygen and ultraviolet)may cause greater protein monomer losses.Based on the evaluation,the study exemplarily applied the two systems to protein modification and both showed that O_(3) promotes the protein oligomerization and nitration,while increased temperature can accelerate the oligomerization and increased relative humidity can inhibit the nitration in the environmental exposure samples.The developed laboratory and environmental systems are suitable for studying protein modifications formed under different atmospheric conditions.A combination of the two will further reveal the actual mechanism of protein modifications.
文摘Clinical laboratory tests are basic elements that support healthcare tasks such as disease detection, diagnosis and monitoring of response to treatments. Current laboratory information systems focus on the patient database, tests and results, with multiple modules available, connecting with the various analytical systems or work areas. However laboratory information systems functioned as “islands of information”, because their design was fundamentally inward-looking and disconnected from other healthcare computer applications. Actually, the Electronic Health Register (EHR) is considered by clinicians as a tool with great potential healthcare benefits. The EHR, in the sense of a unique and complete record of a patient’s healthcare and state of health, regardless of the healthcare level used, is a real attempt to eliminate these “islands of information” and need modules to act as “bridges” with the laboratory information systems. This type of module, which in generic terms may be referred to as a laboratory test request module, has become an essential feature of the EHR. These modules need to use a laboratory coding system as a common language for exchanging information, ensuring that tests and results are unequivocally identified. The development of the laboratory test request module requires the commitment of professionals and political authorities, being necessary time for their design and an adequate pilot phase. The laboratory professionals have to assume a leadership role in the whole process of design, development and implementation of these modules, integrating in the equipment of information technologies of healthcare providers. In our manuscript we review the elements that may prove electronic systems for requesting clinical laboratory test into digital clinical records and the key elements to move from theory to practice.
文摘A study was conducted in Kaduna State Nigeria to ascertain the impact of Drug Supply and laboratory services towards effective functioning of DOTS system. Six DOTS providing centres were identified for the study and in each centre, three respondents were selected based on their profession, the Medical Officer, the Pharmacist and the Laboratory Technician totaling 18. The officers were interviewed for the purpose of the research. Semi structured Interviews were conducted in this research as a means of obtaining Health workers perspective. The Interview which was conducted in their respective work station was open ended and all questions are same for all respondents. During the course of the study, all respondents agreed that the sources of drugs supply to their respective centres was the Kaduna State Tuberculosis and leprosy control Program office from the state capital and that drugs are been supplied quarterly and are adequate with slight interruption due to Logistic while for Laboratory services the respondents were of the view that there is the need to improve on it as there are cases of shortage of reagents and erratic supply of Electricity for effective Laboratory functioning.
文摘BACKGROUND Liver injury is a common complication of infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus.The utility of laboratory hematology data in the diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has not been comprehensively examined.AIM To address the following.(1)Are the abnormalities in hematologic parameters seen in the general population of patients with COVID-19 also seen in those patients with associated liver injury?(2)Is liver injury in COVID-19 a sign of severe disease and does liver injury correlate with hematologic markers of severe disease?And(3)What is the quality of this evidence?METHODS To address these questions,a comprehensive systematic review was performed.We searched the peer reviewed medical literature using MEDLINE(PubMed interface),Web of Science,and EMBASE for cohort studies that specifically addressed liver injury and COVID-19 without limitation of date of publication or language.A quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.RESULTS Thirty-two articles were suitable for inclusion in our systematic review.These included 22 articles with a cohort of COVID-19 patients with liver injury,5 comparing non-severe vs severe COVID-19 populations in which liver injury was addressed,and 5 other cohort studies with a focus on liver injury.White blood cell count,absolute neutrophil count,absolute lymphocyte count(ALC),and hemoglobin were the parameters most helpful in distinguishing COVID-19 with liver injury from COVID-19 without liver injury.ALC and d-dimer were identified as being potentially useful in distinguishing non-severe from severe COVID-19. Liver injury was more frequently seen in cohorts with severe disease.Most studies were of high quality (24/48, 86%) with 4/28 (14%) of moderatequality and 0 of low quality.CONCLUSIONOur study supports the use of select hematologic parameters in diagnosis and riskstratification of liver injury in COVID-19 patients. Although of overall highquality, the current medical literature is limited by the small number of studieswith high statistical power and the variable definition of COVID-19 liver injury inthe literature.
文摘A laboratory information system (LIS) established in a microbiology department has the potential to play an important role in the quality of microbiology data such as culture of blood, urine, stool, pus swab samples etc. Such data could be effectively utilised to measure the burden of antimicrobial resistance among patients presented to various hospitals and clinics with an episode of an infectious illness of bacterial origin. A variety of clinical and epidemiological investigations are conducted using culture data and the presence of an electronic system such as LIS enhances such investigations and improves the reliability of measures of antimicrobial resistance owing to improved data quality as well as completeness of data gathered as opposed to paper based system. Therefore to improve surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in South Africa, there is a need to reinforce the functionality of the LIS in both public and private microbiology laboratories as this will help to improve internal quality control methodologies.
文摘The safe environmental condition of biological and chemical laboratories at universities in Sudan is a real and tangible problem that needs to be properly addressed due to the increased number of universities which grew up to 25 State-Level Universities. This could sum up to 200 students per academic year. One of the significant problems is the proper ventilation inside the laboratories. This paper aims to provide a proposal for design of an optimum ventilation system for: 1) Good and safe environment;2) Comfortable workplace for laboratories occupants;3) Ensure the health of the surrounding environment while minimizing the energy consumption. Five chemicals are selected for this study as the most consumed and the most hazardous (permissible exposure limits) inside the laboratories of the department of chemistry faculty of science, Al-Neelain university;formaldehyde, nitric acid, acetic acid, xylene and ethanol. Concentration level of materials in laboratory is calculated in correlation with air exchange rate, vapor pressure and area of laboratory. Results concluded to that up 15 ACH the concentration of formaldehyde and nitric acid is still high. Recommendations are given with the limitation of using the suggested mathematical model, regarding laboratory conditions, severity of the material hazardousness, number of people.
基金supported by Public Health Talent Training and Surport Plan(National Administration of Disease Prevention and Control)Research and application of new technology for rapid monitoring and tracing of emergent infectious diseases among entry-exit population(2024YFFK0056)Monitoring,Early warning and Response of Major Infectious Diseases(2022ZDZX0017).
文摘Objective This study reports the first imported case of Lassa fever(LF)in China.Laboratory detection and molecular epidemiological analysis of the Lassa virus(LASV)from this case offer valuable insights for the prevention and control of LF.Methods Samples of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),blood,urine,saliva,and environmental materials were collected from the patient and their close contacts for LASV nucleotide detection.Whole-genome sequencing was performed on positive samples to analyze the genetic characteristics of the virus.Results LASV was detected in the patient’s CSF,blood,and urine,while all samples from close contacts and the environment tested negative.The virus belongs to the lineage IV strain and shares the highest homology with strains from Sierra Leone.The variability in the glycoprotein complex(GPC)among different strains ranged from 3.9%to 15.1%,higher than previously reported for the seven known lineages.Amino acid mutation analysis revealed multiple mutations within the GPC immunogenic epitopes,increasing strain diversity and potentially impacting immune response.Conclusion The case was confirmed through nucleotide detection,with no evidence of secondary transmission or viral spread.The LASV strain identified belongs to lineage IV,with broader GPC variability than previously reported.Mutations in the immune-related sites of GPC may affect immune responses,necessitating heightened vigilance regarding the virus.
文摘With the rapid development of virtual reality(VR)and augmented reality(AR)technologies,their application potential in the field of education has become increasingly significant.For a long time,fire safety education in university laboratories has faced numerous challenges,and traditional teaching methods have been insufficiently effective,with high-risk scenarios difficult to realistically recreate.Especially in special scenarios involving hazardous chemicals,conventional training methods struggle to enable learners to achieve deep understanding and behavioral formation.This study systematically integrates immersive technology theory with safety education needs,providing a replicable technical solution for safety education in high-risk environments.Its modular design approach has reference value for expansion into other professional fields,offering practical evidence for innovation in safety education models in the digital age.
文摘State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.
文摘State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.The laboratory was reconstructed based on former State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resources Researches and Comprehensive Utilization.
文摘State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology to be one of the national key laboratories in November 2022.The laboratory was reconstructed based on former State Key Laboratory of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resources Researches and Comprehensive Utilization.
基金supported by the USDA-ARS Research Project(#6054–44000-080-00D)。
文摘Background Small-scale research or individual seed cotton samples from breeders and geneticists are ginned using laboratory saws or roller gins.The objective of this study was to examine the effects of two different laboratory saw ginning(SG)rates and subsequent mechanical blending on fiber high volume instrument(HVI)and advanced fiber information system(AFIS)quality measurement.Seed cottons from diverse upland cotton cultivars,years,and locations were evaluated.Results As the SG rate was increased,HVI results for uniformity index(UI),short fiber index(SFI),and two non-lint parameters(area%,particle count),as well as AFIS results for some properties,were impacted,with significant effects on HVI UI and AFIS short fiber content(SFC).Apparent fiber blending impacts were observed for HVI UI,strength(STR),reflectance(Rd),SFI,and two trashes as well as for all AFIS parameters,with significant effects on HVI Rd and two trashes and all AFIS parameters except the length and maturity measurements.A combination of ginning and blending processes indicated statistically significant interactions for HVI STR,Rd,SFI,and two trashes,and also for AFIS neps,L(w)CV,UQL(w),L(n)CV,SFC(n),L5%(n),immature fiber content(IFC),fineness,total count,dust count,particle count,and visible foreign matter(VFM).Further analysis implied a few impacts of ginning and blending on correlations between HVI and relevant AFIS qualities.Conclusion Despite the observation,the laboratory saw gin and blending methods should continue to be a practical tool to study the differences when all samples are processed identically.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB2390300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42172292)Yinlin Ji is grateful for the support by the Helmholtz Association's Initiative and Networking Fund for the Helmholtz Young Investigator Group ARES(Contract No.VH-NG-1516).
文摘This study aims to understand the effect of injection rate on injection-induced fracture activation in granite.We performed water injection-induced slip tests on samples containing either a smooth or a rough fracture at four different injection rates under undrained conditions and monitored the acoustic emission(AE)signals during the tests.Experimental results reveal that the critical activation fluid pressure is related to the injection rate,pressure diffusion rate,stress state,and fracture roughness.For the smooth fracture,as the injection rate increases,the critical activation fluid pressure increases significantly,while the injection rate has little effect on the critical activation fluid pressure of the rough fracture.The quasi-static slip distance of fractures decreases as the injection rate increases,with rough fractures exhibiting a greater overall slip distance compared to smooth fractures.The number of AE events per unit sliding distance increases with the injection rate,while the global b value decreases.These results indicate that higher injection rates produce more large-magnitude AE events and more severe slip instability and asperity damage.We established a linkage between fluid injection volume,injection rate,and AE events using the seismogenic index(Σ).The smooth fracture exhibits a steadily increasingΣwith the elapse of injection time,and the rate of increase is higher at higher injection rates;while the rough fracture is featured by a fluctuatingΣ,signifying the intermittent occurrence of large-magnitude AE events associated with the damage of larger fracture asperities.Our results highlight the importance of fracture surface heterogeneity on injection-induced fracture activation and slip.
文摘Background:Medical laboratory diagnostic services play a critical role in the diagnosis,treatment,and manage-ment of diseases,forming the cornerstone of effective healthcare systems.Despite the crucial role of laboratory services,the quality and accessibility of medical laboratory services in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA)face signifi-cant challenges.Global health development aid has been pivotal in supporting SSA laboratory services.This study aimed to examine global health development aid initiatives that have successfully enhanced the quality of medical laboratory services and the challenges and barriers to effectively improving medical laboratory services through global health development aid in SSA.Methods:We used a narrative review study design.We searched PubMed,Web of Science and Scopus for articles published in the last 15 years.These three databases are generally considered premier databases for peer-reviewed articles in global health,public health,health systems,and biomedical sciences.The inclusion criteria for this review included research studies,reports,and grey literature.Only articles published in English from 2010 on-ward were considered.The analysis followed a qualitative approach,emphasizing thematic synthesis and critical interpretation.Results:Forty articles were included in this study.Of these,18 were primary research studies,11 were reports,7 were commentaries,and 4 were reviews.Five sub-themes from the successful global health development aid initiative themes were capacity building and training programs,infrastructure development,partnership models,policy advocacy and regulatory support,quality control and standardization of laboratory services.The sub-themes from the challenges and barrier theme were insufficient funding and resource allocation,human resource constraints,inadequate infrastructure and equipment,and political and institutional barriers.This review re-vealed that several factors,including financial sustainability,human resource capacity,institutional support,resilience,and effective monitoring systems,shape the sustainability of improvements in medical laboratory services in SSA.Conclusion:Achieving long-term sustainability requires strategies that ensure financial self-sufficiency,foster a skilled and stable workforce,and integrate laboratory services into national health frameworks.
