Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary fatty acids(FA)saturation and lysophospholipids supplementation on growth,meat quality,oxidative stability,FA profiles,and lipid metabolism...Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary fatty acids(FA)saturation and lysophospholipids supplementation on growth,meat quality,oxidative stability,FA profiles,and lipid metabolism of finishing beef bulls.Thirty-two Angus bulls(initial body weight:623±22.6 kg;21±0.5 months of age)were used.The experiment was a completely randomized block design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments:2 diets with FA of different degree of unsaturation[high saturated FA diet(HSFA)vs.high unsaturated FA diet(HUFA)]combined with(0.075%,dry matter basis)and without lysophospholipids supplementation.The bulls were fed a high-concentrate diet(forage to concentrate,15:85)for 104 d including a 14-d adaptation period and a 90-d data and sample collection period.Results No interactions were observed between dietary FA and lysophospholipids supplementation for growth and meat quality parameters.A greater dietary ratio of unsaturated FA(UFA)to saturated FA(SFA)from 1:2 to 1:1 led to lower DM intake and backfat thickness,but did not affect growth performance and other carcass traits.Compared with HSFA,bulls fed HUFA had greater shear force in Longissimus thoracis(LT)muscle,but had lower intramuscular fat(IMF)content and SOD content in LT muscle.Compared with HUFA,feeding the HSFA diet up-regulated expression of ACC,FAS,PPARγ,and SCD1,but down-regulated expression of CPT1B.Compared with feeding HSFA,the HUFA diet led to greater concentrations of c9-C18:1 and other monounsaturated FA in LT muscle.Feeding HUFA also led to lower plasma concentrations of cholesterol,but there were no interactions between FA and lysophospholipids detected.Feeding lysophospholipids improved growth and feed conversion ratio and altered meat quality by increasing muscle pH_(24h),redness values(24 h),IMF content,and concentrations of C18:3,C20:5 and total polyunsaturated fatty acids.Furthermore,lysophospholipids supplementation led to lower malondialdehyde content and up-regulated the expression of ACC,FAS,and LPL in LT muscle.Conclusions Results indicated that supplementing a high-concentrate diet with lysophospholipids to beef bulls can enhance growth rate,feed efficiency,meat quality,and beneficial FA.Increasing the dietary ratio of UFA to SFA reduced DM intake and backfat thickness without compromising growth,suggesting potential improvements in feed efficiency.展开更多
Phospholipids are a major kind of lipids in rice grains and have fundamental nutritional andfunctional benefits to the plant. Their lyso forms （lysophospholipids, LPLs） often form inclusion complexeswith amylose or ...Phospholipids are a major kind of lipids in rice grains and have fundamental nutritional andfunctional benefits to the plant. Their lyso forms （lysophospholipids, LPLs） often form inclusion complexeswith amylose or independently influence the physicochemical and functional properties of rice starch.However, the genetic basis for LPL synthesis in rice endosperm is largely unknown. Here, we performeda preliminary association test of 13 LPL compositions among 20 rice accessions, and identified 22putative main-effect quantitative trait loci responsible for all LPLs except for LPC14：0 and LPE14：0. Fivederived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences and one insertion/deletion marker for threeLPL-synthesis-related candidate genes were developed. Association analysis revealed two markerssignificantly associated with starch LPL traits. These results provide an insight into the genetic basis ofphospholipid biosynthesis in rice and may contribute to the rice quality breeding programs usingfunctional markers.展开更多
Nerve regeneration in the central nervous system（CNS）has become a holy grail of biomedical research.To understand nerve growth that would be required for efficient regeneration,many scientists have turned to develop...Nerve regeneration in the central nervous system（CNS）has become a holy grail of biomedical research.To understand nerve growth that would be required for efficient regeneration,many scientists have turned to developing systems where nerve growth is abundant and normal neural connections are established.One aspect of this neural development,which would also be important in nerve regeneration,展开更多
This experiment explored the effects of lysophospholipids on hybrid grouper(initial average weight:22.65±0.03 g)hepatic lipid metabolism and immunity at the transcriptome and metabolome levels.A total of 375 hybr...This experiment explored the effects of lysophospholipids on hybrid grouper(initial average weight:22.65±0.03 g)hepatic lipid metabolism and immunity at the transcriptome and metabolome levels.A total of 375 hybrid groupers were divided into 5 groups of 3 replicates of 25 fish each.Five isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formed by adding 0(L_(0),control group),0.05%(L_(0.05)),0.1%(L_(0.1)),0.15%(L_(0.15))and 0.2%(L_(0.2))lysophospholipids,respectively.After 8 wk,compared to the control group,weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein deposition rate were significantly higher(P<0.05),and the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in the L_(0.1) group(P<0.011).The total cholesterol and triglyceride contents in the serum and liver of the fish in the L_(0.1) group were significantly lower than those in the L_(0) group(P<0.05).Compared to the L_(0) group,catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were substantially higher,and malondialdehyde content was considerably lower in the L_(0.1) group(P<0.05);complement 3,lysozyme,acid phosphatase,and alkaline phosphatase levels in the L_(0.1) group were significantly higher than those in the L_(0) group(P<0.05).The hepatic lipoprotein lipase activity and gene expression in the L_(0.1) group were significantly higher whereas fatty acid synthase activity and gene expression were significantly lower than those in the L_(0) group(P<0.05).The gene expression and activities of hepatic catalase and superoxide dismutase in the L_(0.1) group were considerably higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecule and interleukin-10 genes were significantly higher in the L_(0.1) group than in the L_(0) group(P<0.05),while the mRNA expression of interleukin-6 and interferon-g genes in the L_(0) group was significantly higher than those in the L_(0.1) group(P<0.05).The transcriptome and metabolome data showed that the critical genes such as lipoprotein lipase and fatty acid synthase,as well as metabolites such as taurine and docosahexaenoic acid were enriched in the lipid metabolism pathway.In conclusion,0.1%lysophospholipids activated critical genes and metabolites in the adenosine 5-monophosphateactivated protein kinase and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors signaling pathways to regulate lipid metabolism and immunity in hybrid grouper.展开更多
Dear Editor,Phospholipids play key biological roles in processes such as photosynthesis,signal transduction,vesicle transport,cytoskeletal remodeling,and developmental processes(Colin and Jaillais,2020).Beyond their b...Dear Editor,Phospholipids play key biological roles in processes such as photosynthesis,signal transduction,vesicle transport,cytoskeletal remodeling,and developmental processes(Colin and Jaillais,2020).Beyond their biological significance in plants,phospholipids have beneficial effects on a range of human diseases and cognitive processes(Wang and Tontonoz,2019).Rice(Oryza sativa L.)provides essential nutrition and energy for over half of the global population(Li et al.,2022).Although lipids constitute a relatively small proportion of rice grains compared with starch and proteins,they are a dietary source of lipids for impoverished regions in Asia and Africa,where dietary diversity is limited.展开更多
This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary lysophospholipids combined with 1%dietary fish oil reduction on the growth performance and hepatic lipid metabolism of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoide...This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary lysophospholipids combined with 1%dietary fish oil reduction on the growth performance and hepatic lipid metabolism of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).Five isonitrogenous feeds were prepared with lysophospholipids at 0%(fish oil group,FO),0.05%(L-0.05),0.1%(L-0.1),0.15%(L-0.15)and 0.2%(L-0.2),respectively.The dietary lipid was 11%in the FO diet and 10%in the other diets.Largemouth bass were fed for 68 d(initial body weight=6.04±0.01 g)with 4 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.The results showed that the fish fed diet containing 0.1%lysophospholipids had higher digestive enzyme activity and obtained better growth performance compared to the fish fed FO diet(P<0.05).The feed conversion rate in the L-0.1 group was significantly lower than that in the other groups.Serum total protein and triglyceride contents in L-0.1 group were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05)and the contents of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in L-0.1 group were significantly lower than those in FO group(P<0.05).The activity and genes expression of hepatic glucolipid metabolizing enzymes in L-0.15 group were significantly increased compared to those in FO group(P<0.05).Reducing 1%fish oil along with 0.1%lysophospholipids added to the feed could improve the digestion and absorption of nutrients,enhance the activity of liver glycolipid metabolizing enzymes,and thus effectively promote the growth of largemouth bass.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1301105)the earmarked fund for CARS(CARS-36)。
文摘Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary fatty acids(FA)saturation and lysophospholipids supplementation on growth,meat quality,oxidative stability,FA profiles,and lipid metabolism of finishing beef bulls.Thirty-two Angus bulls(initial body weight:623±22.6 kg;21±0.5 months of age)were used.The experiment was a completely randomized block design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments:2 diets with FA of different degree of unsaturation[high saturated FA diet(HSFA)vs.high unsaturated FA diet(HUFA)]combined with(0.075%,dry matter basis)and without lysophospholipids supplementation.The bulls were fed a high-concentrate diet(forage to concentrate,15:85)for 104 d including a 14-d adaptation period and a 90-d data and sample collection period.Results No interactions were observed between dietary FA and lysophospholipids supplementation for growth and meat quality parameters.A greater dietary ratio of unsaturated FA(UFA)to saturated FA(SFA)from 1:2 to 1:1 led to lower DM intake and backfat thickness,but did not affect growth performance and other carcass traits.Compared with HSFA,bulls fed HUFA had greater shear force in Longissimus thoracis(LT)muscle,but had lower intramuscular fat(IMF)content and SOD content in LT muscle.Compared with HUFA,feeding the HSFA diet up-regulated expression of ACC,FAS,PPARγ,and SCD1,but down-regulated expression of CPT1B.Compared with feeding HSFA,the HUFA diet led to greater concentrations of c9-C18:1 and other monounsaturated FA in LT muscle.Feeding HUFA also led to lower plasma concentrations of cholesterol,but there were no interactions between FA and lysophospholipids detected.Feeding lysophospholipids improved growth and feed conversion ratio and altered meat quality by increasing muscle pH_(24h),redness values(24 h),IMF content,and concentrations of C18:3,C20:5 and total polyunsaturated fatty acids.Furthermore,lysophospholipids supplementation led to lower malondialdehyde content and up-regulated the expression of ACC,FAS,and LPL in LT muscle.Conclusions Results indicated that supplementing a high-concentrate diet with lysophospholipids to beef bulls can enhance growth rate,feed efficiency,meat quality,and beneficial FA.Increasing the dietary ratio of UFA to SFA reduced DM intake and backfat thickness without compromising growth,suggesting potential improvements in feed efficiency.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities at Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China(Grant No.2016XZZX001-09)
文摘Phospholipids are a major kind of lipids in rice grains and have fundamental nutritional andfunctional benefits to the plant. Their lyso forms （lysophospholipids, LPLs） often form inclusion complexeswith amylose or independently influence the physicochemical and functional properties of rice starch.However, the genetic basis for LPL synthesis in rice endosperm is largely unknown. Here, we performeda preliminary association test of 13 LPL compositions among 20 rice accessions, and identified 22putative main-effect quantitative trait loci responsible for all LPLs except for LPC14：0 and LPE14：0. Fivederived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences and one insertion/deletion marker for threeLPL-synthesis-related candidate genes were developed. Association analysis revealed two markerssignificantly associated with starch LPL traits. These results provide an insight into the genetic basis ofphospholipid biosynthesis in rice and may contribute to the rice quality breeding programs usingfunctional markers.
基金supported by the National Eye Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R15EY024453
文摘Nerve regeneration in the central nervous system（CNS）has become a holy grail of biomedical research.To understand nerve growth that would be required for efficient regeneration,many scientists have turned to developing systems where nerve growth is abundant and normal neural connections are established.One aspect of this neural development,which would also be important in nerve regeneration,
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-47)the Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Key Field Special Project(2020ZDZX1034)the Postgraduate Education Innovation Project of Guangdong Ocean University(202331).
文摘This experiment explored the effects of lysophospholipids on hybrid grouper(initial average weight:22.65±0.03 g)hepatic lipid metabolism and immunity at the transcriptome and metabolome levels.A total of 375 hybrid groupers were divided into 5 groups of 3 replicates of 25 fish each.Five isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formed by adding 0(L_(0),control group),0.05%(L_(0.05)),0.1%(L_(0.1)),0.15%(L_(0.15))and 0.2%(L_(0.2))lysophospholipids,respectively.After 8 wk,compared to the control group,weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein deposition rate were significantly higher(P<0.05),and the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in the L_(0.1) group(P<0.011).The total cholesterol and triglyceride contents in the serum and liver of the fish in the L_(0.1) group were significantly lower than those in the L_(0) group(P<0.05).Compared to the L_(0) group,catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were substantially higher,and malondialdehyde content was considerably lower in the L_(0.1) group(P<0.05);complement 3,lysozyme,acid phosphatase,and alkaline phosphatase levels in the L_(0.1) group were significantly higher than those in the L_(0) group(P<0.05).The hepatic lipoprotein lipase activity and gene expression in the L_(0.1) group were significantly higher whereas fatty acid synthase activity and gene expression were significantly lower than those in the L_(0) group(P<0.05).The gene expression and activities of hepatic catalase and superoxide dismutase in the L_(0.1) group were considerably higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecule and interleukin-10 genes were significantly higher in the L_(0.1) group than in the L_(0) group(P<0.05),while the mRNA expression of interleukin-6 and interferon-g genes in the L_(0) group was significantly higher than those in the L_(0.1) group(P<0.05).The transcriptome and metabolome data showed that the critical genes such as lipoprotein lipase and fatty acid synthase,as well as metabolites such as taurine and docosahexaenoic acid were enriched in the lipid metabolism pathway.In conclusion,0.1%lysophospholipids activated critical genes and metabolites in the adenosine 5-monophosphateactivated protein kinase and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors signaling pathways to regulate lipid metabolism and immunity in hybrid grouper.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32360069,31960063,and 32300452)the 111 Project(D20024)the Hainan University Startup Fund(KYQD(ZR)1866).
文摘Dear Editor,Phospholipids play key biological roles in processes such as photosynthesis,signal transduction,vesicle transport,cytoskeletal remodeling,and developmental processes(Colin and Jaillais,2020).Beyond their biological significance in plants,phospholipids have beneficial effects on a range of human diseases and cognitive processes(Wang and Tontonoz,2019).Rice(Oryza sativa L.)provides essential nutrition and energy for over half of the global population(Li et al.,2022).Although lipids constitute a relatively small proportion of rice grains compared with starch and proteins,they are a dietary source of lipids for impoverished regions in Asia and Africa,where dietary diversity is limited.
基金supported by Guangdong Provincial Special Fund for Modern Agriculture Industry Technology Innovation Team(2023KJ150)Special Project on Key Fields of Guangdong Universities(Rural Revitalization)(2020ZDZX1034).
文摘This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary lysophospholipids combined with 1%dietary fish oil reduction on the growth performance and hepatic lipid metabolism of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).Five isonitrogenous feeds were prepared with lysophospholipids at 0%(fish oil group,FO),0.05%(L-0.05),0.1%(L-0.1),0.15%(L-0.15)and 0.2%(L-0.2),respectively.The dietary lipid was 11%in the FO diet and 10%in the other diets.Largemouth bass were fed for 68 d(initial body weight=6.04±0.01 g)with 4 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.The results showed that the fish fed diet containing 0.1%lysophospholipids had higher digestive enzyme activity and obtained better growth performance compared to the fish fed FO diet(P<0.05).The feed conversion rate in the L-0.1 group was significantly lower than that in the other groups.Serum total protein and triglyceride contents in L-0.1 group were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05)and the contents of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in L-0.1 group were significantly lower than those in FO group(P<0.05).The activity and genes expression of hepatic glucolipid metabolizing enzymes in L-0.15 group were significantly increased compared to those in FO group(P<0.05).Reducing 1%fish oil along with 0.1%lysophospholipids added to the feed could improve the digestion and absorption of nutrients,enhance the activity of liver glycolipid metabolizing enzymes,and thus effectively promote the growth of largemouth bass.
