A proteoglycan, GL-LPP3, was obtained from dried, powdered Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies following extraction with hot water, ethanol precipitation, dialysis and Bio-Gel P-4 chromatography. Determination of the chemi...A proteoglycan, GL-LPP3, was obtained from dried, powdered Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies following extraction with hot water, ethanol precipitation, dialysis and Bio-Gel P-4 chromatography. Determination of the chemical composition of GL-LPP3 by high performance liquid chromatography, ACCQ-TAG amino acid analysis and IR spectrometry revealed a pure proteoglycan with a molecular mass of 3500 composed of glucose and galactose as the main monosaccharides and 17 different amino acids.展开更多
In August 2023,Xiaomi unveiled the Redmi K60 Ultra,the first multi-frequency smartphone integrated with BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System Precise Point Positioning(PPP-B2b)services and employing PPP technology as t...In August 2023,Xiaomi unveiled the Redmi K60 Ultra,the first multi-frequency smartphone integrated with BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System Precise Point Positioning(PPP-B2b)services and employing PPP technology as the primary positioning method.The positioning enhancement service is provided by the Assisted Global Navigation Satellite System(A-GNSS)location platform developed by the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology.The signaling interaction between the server and the users strictly adheres to the Third Generation of Mobile Communications Technology Partnership Project Long-Term Evolution Positioning Protocol and the Open Mobile Alliance Secure User Plane Location framework.To comprehensively evaluate the Redmi K60 Ultra’s capabilities,this study designed six distinct experimental scenarios and conducted comprehensive research on multi-frequency and multi-GNSS observation noise,Time to First Fix(TTFF),as well as the performance of both GNSS-based and network-based positioning.Experimental results indicate that the GNSS chipset within the Redmi K60 Ultra has achieved a leading position in the consumer market concerning supported satellite constellations,frequencies,and observation accuracy,and is comparable to some low-cost GNSS receivers.A-GNSS positioning can reduce the TTFF from 30 to under 5 s,representing an improvement of over 85%in the cold start speed compared to a standalone GNSS mode.The positioning results show that the A-GNSS PPP-B2b service can achieve positioning performance with RMS errors of less than 1.5 m,2.5 m,and 4 m in open-sky,realistic,and challenging urban environments.Compared to GNSS-based positioning,cellular network-based Observed Time Difference of Arrival(OTDOA)positioning achieves an accuracy ranging from tens to hundreds of meters in various experimental scenarios and currently functions primarily as coarse location determination.Additionally,this study explores the potential of the Three-Dimensional Mapping-Aided(3DMA)GNSS algorithm in detecting Non-Line-of-Sight signals and enhancing positioning performance.The results indicate that 3DMA PPP,as compared to conventional PPP,can significantly accelerate PPP convergence and improve positioning accuracy by over 30%.Consequently,3D city models can be utilized as future assistance data for the A-GNSS location platform.展开更多
文摘A proteoglycan, GL-LPP3, was obtained from dried, powdered Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies following extraction with hot water, ethanol precipitation, dialysis and Bio-Gel P-4 chromatography. Determination of the chemical composition of GL-LPP3 by high performance liquid chromatography, ACCQ-TAG amino acid analysis and IR spectrometry revealed a pure proteoglycan with a molecular mass of 3500 composed of glucose and galactose as the main monosaccharides and 17 different amino acids.
基金sponsored by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.YWF-23-JC-12)the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No.42004026)+1 种基金03 Special and 5G Project of Jiangxi Province (Grant No.20224ABC03W03)Science and Technology Program of Yunnan Province (Grant No.202102AE090051).
文摘In August 2023,Xiaomi unveiled the Redmi K60 Ultra,the first multi-frequency smartphone integrated with BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System Precise Point Positioning(PPP-B2b)services and employing PPP technology as the primary positioning method.The positioning enhancement service is provided by the Assisted Global Navigation Satellite System(A-GNSS)location platform developed by the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology.The signaling interaction between the server and the users strictly adheres to the Third Generation of Mobile Communications Technology Partnership Project Long-Term Evolution Positioning Protocol and the Open Mobile Alliance Secure User Plane Location framework.To comprehensively evaluate the Redmi K60 Ultra’s capabilities,this study designed six distinct experimental scenarios and conducted comprehensive research on multi-frequency and multi-GNSS observation noise,Time to First Fix(TTFF),as well as the performance of both GNSS-based and network-based positioning.Experimental results indicate that the GNSS chipset within the Redmi K60 Ultra has achieved a leading position in the consumer market concerning supported satellite constellations,frequencies,and observation accuracy,and is comparable to some low-cost GNSS receivers.A-GNSS positioning can reduce the TTFF from 30 to under 5 s,representing an improvement of over 85%in the cold start speed compared to a standalone GNSS mode.The positioning results show that the A-GNSS PPP-B2b service can achieve positioning performance with RMS errors of less than 1.5 m,2.5 m,and 4 m in open-sky,realistic,and challenging urban environments.Compared to GNSS-based positioning,cellular network-based Observed Time Difference of Arrival(OTDOA)positioning achieves an accuracy ranging from tens to hundreds of meters in various experimental scenarios and currently functions primarily as coarse location determination.Additionally,this study explores the potential of the Three-Dimensional Mapping-Aided(3DMA)GNSS algorithm in detecting Non-Line-of-Sight signals and enhancing positioning performance.The results indicate that 3DMA PPP,as compared to conventional PPP,can significantly accelerate PPP convergence and improve positioning accuracy by over 30%.Consequently,3D city models can be utilized as future assistance data for the A-GNSS location platform.
