Tintinnid ciliates are suggested as model in plankton ecology and are traditionally identified based on lorica traits with ecological importance(e.g.,growth rate,prey selection,and energy transfer efficiency).However,...Tintinnid ciliates are suggested as model in plankton ecology and are traditionally identified based on lorica traits with ecological importance(e.g.,growth rate,prey selection,and energy transfer efficiency).However,statistical validation has been limited for this taxonomic system,which has been increasingly critiqued.Here,we compiled a global dataset of tintinnid lorica morphology from the literature and statistically tested the validity of lorica traits for classification at family and genus levels.A total of 840 species were selected from over 1000 documented species,and their distinctive lorica traits(lorica types,open ends,collar presence,and biogeographic distribution patterns)were extracted and linked to the established phylogenetic tree.Significant differences were revealed across family-and genus-level(but not at species-level)classifications and across multiple morphological parameters,including critically distinctive lorica traits,size metrics(lorica oral diameter,LOD,and equivalent spherical diameter,ESD),and individual carbon biomass.Our findings provide quantitative evidence for the validity of morphological taxonomy,and preliminary foundation for linking morphological taxonomy with molecular data.Moreover,our findings provide one of the first statistical foundations for future studies integrating morphology and ecology to elucidate plankton ecological functioning at a global scale.展开更多
A new tintinnid ciliate,Salpingella subarctica Zhang,Li & Li,sp.nov.was discovered in waters from the subarctic north Pacific Ocean to the Arctic Ocean during six research cruises conducted between July and Septem...A new tintinnid ciliate,Salpingella subarctica Zhang,Li & Li,sp.nov.was discovered in waters from the subarctic north Pacific Ocean to the Arctic Ocean during six research cruises conducted between July and September over the past decade.Distinct lorica characteristics justify the establishment of this new species,distinguishing it from previously known species:an average lorica opening diameter(12.6 μm),an average posterior lorica opening diameter(3.6 μm),a smaller lorica length(41.8–69.5 μm),a prominent posterior opening,and 8–10 longitudinal fins extending parallelly from the opening to the posterior end.It occurred in water with temperature of-1.6–20.5℃ and salinity of 25.3–34.4,and preferred to salinity of 32,temperature of 11℃ in open ocean in Pacific Ocean,and 0℃ in Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea.展开更多
A new tintinnid ciliate, Tintinnopis estuariensis Zhang, Feng ＆ Yu, sp. nov. was found in the estuary of Yangtze River, China. It was most abundant in September. Its arenaceous lorica is cylindro-conical in shape, （...A new tintinnid ciliate, Tintinnopis estuariensis Zhang, Feng ＆ Yu, sp. nov. was found in the estuary of Yangtze River, China. It was most abundant in September. Its arenaceous lorica is cylindro-conical in shape, （120-180）μm x （50-75）pm in size, agglutinated with mineral particles, and open at both ends. Two characters distinguish it from others： the unique lateral flattened posterior portion with a vertical aboral opening and wider oral diameter. It occurred in water with surface temperature of 14-27℃ and surface salinity of 3.9‰-29.8‰.展开更多
Tintinnine ciliates are widely distributed around the world and are characterized by the possession of a lorica that is highly diverse in structure and morphology.In the present study,five tintinni nes,namely Tintinno...Tintinnine ciliates are widely distributed around the world and are characterized by the possession of a lorica that is highly diverse in structure and morphology.In the present study,five tintinni nes,namely Tintinnopsis cf.radix,T.evert a Kofoid and Campbell,1929,T.mulctrella Kofoid and Campbell,1929,Eutintinnus inflatus Marshall,1969,and Favella ehrenbergii(Claparede and Lachmann,1858)Jorgensen,1924,were collected from coastal waters of Qingdao,China.Three are newly recorded from China,i.e.,T.evert a,T.mulctrella,and E.inflatus.The morphology of the lorica and cell proper of all five species are described and compared with original and subsequent descriptions.The morphology in vivo of the lorica and cell proper of all five species are described and compared with original and subsequent descriptions.In addition,the ciliary patterns of F.ehrenbergii and T.cf.radix are revealed based on protargol-stained specimens.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.42576134the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2023YFD2401901the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under contract No.ZR2024QD183.
文摘Tintinnid ciliates are suggested as model in plankton ecology and are traditionally identified based on lorica traits with ecological importance(e.g.,growth rate,prey selection,and energy transfer efficiency).However,statistical validation has been limited for this taxonomic system,which has been increasingly critiqued.Here,we compiled a global dataset of tintinnid lorica morphology from the literature and statistically tested the validity of lorica traits for classification at family and genus levels.A total of 840 species were selected from over 1000 documented species,and their distinctive lorica traits(lorica types,open ends,collar presence,and biogeographic distribution patterns)were extracted and linked to the established phylogenetic tree.Significant differences were revealed across family-and genus-level(but not at species-level)classifications and across multiple morphological parameters,including critically distinctive lorica traits,size metrics(lorica oral diameter,LOD,and equivalent spherical diameter,ESD),and individual carbon biomass.Our findings provide quantitative evidence for the validity of morphological taxonomy,and preliminary foundation for linking morphological taxonomy with molecular data.Moreover,our findings provide one of the first statistical foundations for future studies integrating morphology and ecology to elucidate plankton ecological functioning at a global scale.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42476143)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2022QD022)。
文摘A new tintinnid ciliate,Salpingella subarctica Zhang,Li & Li,sp.nov.was discovered in waters from the subarctic north Pacific Ocean to the Arctic Ocean during six research cruises conducted between July and September over the past decade.Distinct lorica characteristics justify the establishment of this new species,distinguishing it from previously known species:an average lorica opening diameter(12.6 μm),an average posterior lorica opening diameter(3.6 μm),a smaller lorica length(41.8–69.5 μm),a prominent posterior opening,and 8–10 longitudinal fins extending parallelly from the opening to the posterior end.It occurred in water with temperature of-1.6–20.5℃ and salinity of 25.3–34.4,and preferred to salinity of 32,temperature of 11℃ in open ocean in Pacific Ocean,and 0℃ in Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2011CB409804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1406403)
文摘A new tintinnid ciliate, Tintinnopis estuariensis Zhang, Feng ＆ Yu, sp. nov. was found in the estuary of Yangtze River, China. It was most abundant in September. Its arenaceous lorica is cylindro-conical in shape, （120-180）μm x （50-75）pm in size, agglutinated with mineral particles, and open at both ends. Two characters distinguish it from others： the unique lateral flattened posterior portion with a vertical aboral opening and wider oral diameter. It occurred in water with surface temperature of 14-27℃ and surface salinity of 3.9‰-29.8‰.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos:41776133,31801955,31702009).
文摘Tintinnine ciliates are widely distributed around the world and are characterized by the possession of a lorica that is highly diverse in structure and morphology.In the present study,five tintinni nes,namely Tintinnopsis cf.radix,T.evert a Kofoid and Campbell,1929,T.mulctrella Kofoid and Campbell,1929,Eutintinnus inflatus Marshall,1969,and Favella ehrenbergii(Claparede and Lachmann,1858)Jorgensen,1924,were collected from coastal waters of Qingdao,China.Three are newly recorded from China,i.e.,T.evert a,T.mulctrella,and E.inflatus.The morphology of the lorica and cell proper of all five species are described and compared with original and subsequent descriptions.The morphology in vivo of the lorica and cell proper of all five species are described and compared with original and subsequent descriptions.In addition,the ciliary patterns of F.ehrenbergii and T.cf.radix are revealed based on protargol-stained specimens.
