基于自收缩效应的液态金属限流器(liquid metal current limiter,LMCL)有自动检测限流、故障排除后可自恢复、填充介质对环境友好、结构简单以及体积小的独特优点,具有良好的应用前景。通过测量不同情况下限流过程回路电流以及LMCL的电...基于自收缩效应的液态金属限流器(liquid metal current limiter,LMCL)有自动检测限流、故障排除后可自恢复、填充介质对环境友好、结构简单以及体积小的独特优点,具有良好的应用前景。通过测量不同情况下限流过程回路电流以及LMCL的电弧电压,实验研究了LMCL限流特性的影响因素,为LMCL结构的优化设计提供参考依据。实验结果表明:LMCL的限流效果随着弧前时间的缩短以及电弧电压的上升而愈加明显,弧前时间和电弧电压受预期短路电流和LMCL结构参数的影响;同时实验过程中发现,大电流下电弧压力对LMCL限流性能会产生不利的影响,为解决此问题,提出了一种带有压力释放功能的限流器结构,可以有效地改善限流效果。展开更多
The liquid metal current limiter(LMCL)is regarded as a viable solution for reducing the fault current in a power grid.But demonstrating the liquid metal arc plasma self-pinching process of the resistive wall,and reduc...The liquid metal current limiter(LMCL)is regarded as a viable solution for reducing the fault current in a power grid.But demonstrating the liquid metal arc plasma self-pinching process of the resistive wall,and reducing the erosion of the LMCL are challenging,not only theoretically,but also practically.In this work,a novel LMCL is designed with a resistive wall that can be connected to the current-limiting circuit inside the cavity.Specifically,a novel fault current limiter(FCL)topology is put forward where the novel LMCL is combined with a fast switch and current-limiting reactor.Further,the liquid metal self-pinch effect is modeled mathematically in three dimensions,and the gas-liquid two-phase dynamic diagrams under different short-circuit currents are obtained by simulation.The simulation results indicate that with the increase of current,the time for the liquid metal-free surface to begin depressing is reduced,and the position of the depression also changes.Different kinds of bubbles formed by the depressions gradually extend,squeeze,and break.With the increase of current,the liquid metal takes less time to break,but breaks still occur at the edge of the channel,forming arc plasma.Finally,relevant experiments are conducted for the novel FCL topology.The arcing process and current transfer process are analyzed in particular.Comparisons of the peak arc voltage,arcing time,current limiting efficiency,and electrode erosion are presented.The results demonstrate that the arc voltage of the novel FCL topology is reduced by more than 4.5times and the arcing time is reduced by more than 12%.The erosions of the liquid metal and electrodes are reduced.Moreover,the current limiting efficiency of the novel FCL topology is improved by 1%–5%.This work lays a foundation for the topology and optimal design of the LMCL.展开更多
为了研究自收缩型液态金属限流器在大电流情况下的限流特性,设计了一种观察限流过程中限流波形的试验方案。发现了电弧在电流过零前提前熄灭的现象,提出限流过程中装置内部气压是导致这种现象的主要原因,进而得到了限流过程中限流器内...为了研究自收缩型液态金属限流器在大电流情况下的限流特性,设计了一种观察限流过程中限流波形的试验方案。发现了电弧在电流过零前提前熄灭的现象,提出限流过程中装置内部气压是导致这种现象的主要原因,进而得到了限流过程中限流器内部的气压特性。同时,针对多孔串联限流器的试验样机在大故障电流峰值为22 k A下的限流反弹现象,进行了泄压改进,改善了其限流特性。展开更多
文摘基于自收缩效应的液态金属限流器(liquid metal current limiter,LMCL)有自动检测限流、故障排除后可自恢复、填充介质对环境友好、结构简单以及体积小的独特优点,具有良好的应用前景。通过测量不同情况下限流过程回路电流以及LMCL的电弧电压,实验研究了LMCL限流特性的影响因素,为LMCL结构的优化设计提供参考依据。实验结果表明:LMCL的限流效果随着弧前时间的缩短以及电弧电压的上升而愈加明显,弧前时间和电弧电压受预期短路电流和LMCL结构参数的影响;同时实验过程中发现,大电流下电弧压力对LMCL限流性能会产生不利的影响,为解决此问题,提出了一种带有压力释放功能的限流器结构,可以有效地改善限流效果。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51777025,52177131)the Interdisciplinary Program of the Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center(No.WHMFC202130)Huazhong University of Science and Technology。
文摘The liquid metal current limiter(LMCL)is regarded as a viable solution for reducing the fault current in a power grid.But demonstrating the liquid metal arc plasma self-pinching process of the resistive wall,and reducing the erosion of the LMCL are challenging,not only theoretically,but also practically.In this work,a novel LMCL is designed with a resistive wall that can be connected to the current-limiting circuit inside the cavity.Specifically,a novel fault current limiter(FCL)topology is put forward where the novel LMCL is combined with a fast switch and current-limiting reactor.Further,the liquid metal self-pinch effect is modeled mathematically in three dimensions,and the gas-liquid two-phase dynamic diagrams under different short-circuit currents are obtained by simulation.The simulation results indicate that with the increase of current,the time for the liquid metal-free surface to begin depressing is reduced,and the position of the depression also changes.Different kinds of bubbles formed by the depressions gradually extend,squeeze,and break.With the increase of current,the liquid metal takes less time to break,but breaks still occur at the edge of the channel,forming arc plasma.Finally,relevant experiments are conducted for the novel FCL topology.The arcing process and current transfer process are analyzed in particular.Comparisons of the peak arc voltage,arcing time,current limiting efficiency,and electrode erosion are presented.The results demonstrate that the arc voltage of the novel FCL topology is reduced by more than 4.5times and the arcing time is reduced by more than 12%.The erosions of the liquid metal and electrodes are reduced.Moreover,the current limiting efficiency of the novel FCL topology is improved by 1%–5%.This work lays a foundation for the topology and optimal design of the LMCL.
文摘为了研究自收缩型液态金属限流器在大电流情况下的限流特性,设计了一种观察限流过程中限流波形的试验方案。发现了电弧在电流过零前提前熄灭的现象,提出限流过程中装置内部气压是导致这种现象的主要原因,进而得到了限流过程中限流器内部的气压特性。同时,针对多孔串联限流器的试验样机在大故障电流峰值为22 k A下的限流反弹现象,进行了泄压改进,改善了其限流特性。
