Background:The Swegali Valley in the Swat District is notable for its diverse range of plant species.Livestock plays a vital role in the development of human civilization,and similar to human disease treatments plants...Background:The Swegali Valley in the Swat District is notable for its diverse range of plant species.Livestock plays a vital role in the development of human civilization,and similar to human disease treatments plants are utilized as remedies for a variety of domestic animals.Methods:The present study was carried out to record ethnoveterinary knowledge of the local plants that are being used by the people of Swegalai Valley,Swat,Pakistan.One hundred and thirty-five residents were interviewed using a questionnaire.The data were analyzed by applying quantitative formulas,like,used value(UV),relative frequency of citations(RFCs),fidelity level value(FL)%,consensus index(CI)%,and informant consensus factor(FIC).Results:Throughout the current study,47 plants belonging to 31 families are presented;these plants have been widely used as an ethnoveterinary medicine to treat various livestock ailments.Medicinal plants with high used values were Acacia nilotica L.(UV=0.791),and Ajuga bracteosa(0.782).Using RFCs values,the most valued and cited medicinal plant species used by people for livestock disorders are A.nilotica(RFCs=0.628),and A.bracteosa(0.616).Similarly,the highest values were also found for the same plant species using CI percentage;these were for ;A.nilotica L.(CI%=84.331),followed by A.bracteosa(83.221%).The highest fidelity level was for A.nilotica(FL%=100),A.bracteosa(95.341%),Allium cepa(88.344%),A.sativum(85.311%),Aloe vera(84.25%),Artemisia scoparia(83.101%),Berberis lycium(80.451%).The informant consensus factor(FIC)ranged from 0.782 to 1.The maximum FIC values for various diseases were;bovine mastitis,anti-helminthic,eye diseases,bloat and stomachic,fracture pain,pediculosis,rheumatism,and vermifuge.Conclusion:We concluded that the people of Swegalai deeply rely on medicinal plants to treat various livestock ailments.Ethnic information also provides a framework for further phytochemical investigations.Since this useful knowledge is being lost forever due to rapid socio-economic,technological,and environmental change,recording ethnoveterinary activities in the study area was therefore very important.Thus,the people of the study area must implement in-situ and ex-situ conservation strategies to ensure the sustainable utilization of these species.展开更多
The livestock farming is an important pillar of the rural economy in China.To explore the impact of government technical subsidies and pollution penalties on the digital and intelligent transformation of livestock ent...The livestock farming is an important pillar of the rural economy in China.To explore the impact of government technical subsidies and pollution penalties on the digital and intelligent transformation of livestock enterprises,an evolutionary game theoretical model between the government and livestock enterprises is constructed.The interaction mechanism of the game between the government and breeding enterprises is explored,and simulation is conducted.The research results show that the combined strategy of pollution penalties and technical subsidies is the optimal strategy for the government;the system is jointly driven by government subsidies,technical costs of transformation input,public willingness,and enterprise willingness.展开更多
Probiotic extracellular vesicles(pEVs)are biologically active nanoparticle structures that can regulate the intestinal tract through direct or indirect mechanisms.They enhance the intestinal barrier function in livest...Probiotic extracellular vesicles(pEVs)are biologically active nanoparticle structures that can regulate the intestinal tract through direct or indirect mechanisms.They enhance the intestinal barrier function in livestock and poultry and help alleviate intestinal diseases.The specific effects of pEVs depend on their internal functional components,including nucleic acids,proteins,lipids,and other substances.This paper presents a narrative review of the impact of pEVs on the intestinal barrier across various segments of the intestinal tract,exploring their mechanisms of action while highlighting the limitations of current research.Investigating the mechanisms through which probiotics oper-ate via pEVs could deepen our understanding and provide a theoretical foundation for their application in livestock production.展开更多
This paper investigated and analyzed the conservation and utilization of four local livestock breeds in Binzhou City:Wadi Sheep,Bohai Black Cattle,Wudi Donkey,and Lubei White Goat.Shortcomings in the protection and ut...This paper investigated and analyzed the conservation and utilization of four local livestock breeds in Binzhou City:Wadi Sheep,Bohai Black Cattle,Wudi Donkey,and Lubei White Goat.Shortcomings in the protection and utilization of local germplasm resources were pointed out,and strategies and recommendations were proposed to promote high-quality development of livestock and poultry genetic resources in Binzhou,including building a solid germplasm foundation,standardizing production,and driving innovation.This paper provides references for the conservation,development,and utilization of local genetic resources in Binzhou City.展开更多
The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental protection.However,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of man...The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental protection.However,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of manure,on the degradation of organic compounds and nutrient release in Eutric Regosol is not well understood.Here,we studied,how oxytetracycline(OTC)and ciprofloxacin(CIP)affect the decomposition,microbial community structure,extracellular enzyme activities and nutrient release from cattle and pig manure using litterbag incubation experiments.Results showed that OTC and CIP greatly inhibited livestock manure decomposition,causing a decreased rate of carbon(28%-87%),nitrogen(15%-44%)and phosphorus(26%-43%)release.The relative abundance of gramnegative(G-)bacteria was reduced by 4.0%-13%while fungi increased by 7.0%-71%during a 28-day incubation period.Co-occurrence network analysis showed that antibiotic exposure disrupted microbial interactions,particularly among G-bacteria,G+bacteria,and actinomycetes.These changes in microbial community structure and function resulted in decreased activity of urease,β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase,alkaline protease,chitinase,and catalase,causing reduced decomposition and nutrient release in cattle and pig ma-nures.These findings advance our understanding of decomposition and nutrient recycling from manure-contaminated antibiotics,which will help facilitate sustainable agricultural production and soil carbon sequestration.展开更多
Gaseous nitrous acid(HONO)is a critical contributor to daytime hydroxyl radical in the troposphere.Livestock farming has been recognized as an overlooked HONO source,but the lack of detailed flux measurements from liv...Gaseous nitrous acid(HONO)is a critical contributor to daytime hydroxyl radical in the troposphere.Livestock farming has been recognized as an overlooked HONO source,but the lack of detailed flux measurements from livestock and poultry wastes would cause uncertainties in modeling its environmental impacts.Here,based on field flux measurements and laboratory experiments,we observed substantial HONO emissions from the composting of swine feces and chicken manure in the warm season,which might be mainly attributed to nitrification process in livestock and poultry wastes.The HONO emission from chicken manure was found to bemuch higher than that from swine feces,and the higher NH3 emission but lower N2O and NO emissions fromchicken manurewere also observed.Considering that the interaction among these nitrogen species during nitrification process,the obviously lower HONO emission from swine feces was likely to be explained by the lack of the total ammonia nitrogen and H+donors in swine feces.Temperature is also a key factor that influences the HONO emission from livestock wastes.In addition,the total HONO emission from swine feces in Chinawas estimated to be approximately 107.7 Gg-N/yr according to the national swine amounts,which is comparable to the national soil HONO emissions,underscoring its non-negligible contribution to regional air quality.Therefore,effective emission control of HONO fromlivestock and poultry wastes should be carried out to further improve air quality in China.展开更多
Eukaryotic genomes are hierarchically packaged into cell nucleus,affecting gene regulation.The genome is organized into multiscale structural units,including chromosome territories,compartments,topologically associati...Eukaryotic genomes are hierarchically packaged into cell nucleus,affecting gene regulation.The genome is organized into multiscale structural units,including chromosome territories,compartments,topologically associating domains(TADs),and DNA loops.The identification of these hierarchical structures has benefited from the development of experimental approaches,such as 3C-based methods(Hi-C,ChIA-PET,etc.),imaging tools(2D-FISH,3D-FISH,Cryo-FISH,etc.)and ligation-free methods(GAM,SPRITE,etc.).In recent two decades,numerous studies have shown that the 3D organization of genome plays essential roles in multiple cellular processes via various mechanisms,such as regulating enhancer activity and promoter-enhancer interactions.However,there are relatively few studies about the 3D genome in livestock species.Therefore,studies for exploring the function of 3D genomes in livestock are urgently needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of potential relationships between the genome and production traits.In this review,we summarize the recent advances of 3D genomics and its biological functions in human and mouse studies,drawing inspiration to explore the 3D genomics of livestock species.We then mainly focus on the biological functions of 3D genome organization in muscle development and its implications in animal breeding.展开更多
Comprehensively promoting curriculum ideological and political education is a strategic measure to implement the fundamental task of establishing moral integrity and educating people.Culinary raw materials is the core...Comprehensively promoting curriculum ideological and political education is a strategic measure to implement the fundamental task of establishing moral integrity and educating people.Culinary raw materials is the core curriculum of culinary majors,which is rich in ideological and political elements.In this study,taking livestock and poultry raw materials as an example,the teaching design of integrating curriculum ideological and political education into culinary raw materials were investigated by sorting out its teaching contents and excavating its ideological and political elements.Taking livestock and poultry raw materials in Teochew Cuisine Raw Materials as an example,the teaching design of curriculum ideological and political education was conducted,aiming to provide some reference and guidance for curriculum ideological and political education of the curriculum.展开更多
Geospatial technologies can be leveraged to optimize the available resources for better productivity and sustainability. The resources can be human, software and hardware equipment and their effective management can e...Geospatial technologies can be leveraged to optimize the available resources for better productivity and sustainability. The resources can be human, software and hardware equipment and their effective management can enhance operational efficiency through better and informed decision making. This review article examines the application of geospatial technologies, including GPS, GIS, and remote sensing, for optimizing resource utilization in livestock management. It compares these technologies to traditional livestock management practices and highlights their potential to improve animal tracking, feed intake monitoring, disease monitoring, pasture selection, and rangeland management. Previously, animal management practices were labor-intensive, time-consuming, and required more precision for optimal animal health and productivity. Digital technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have transformed the livestock sector through precision livestock management. However, major challenges such as high cost, availability and accessibility to these technologies have deterred their implementation. To fully realize the benefits and tremendous contribution of these digital technologies and to address the challenges associated with their widespread adoption, the review proposes a collaborative approach between different stakeholders in the livestock sector including livestock farmers, researchers, veterinarians, industry professionals, technology developers, the private sector, financial institutions and government to share knowledge and expertise. The collaboration would facilitate the integration of various strategies to ensure the effective and wide adoption of digital technologies in livestock management by supporting the development of user-friendly and accessible tools tailored to specific livestock management and production systems.展开更多
Chinese-invented Juncao grass is transforming dairy production in Kenya At his dairy farm in Kiambu County on the outskirts of the Kenyan capital Nairobi,Newton Mwangi anxiously takes off his boots and work suit after...Chinese-invented Juncao grass is transforming dairy production in Kenya At his dairy farm in Kiambu County on the outskirts of the Kenyan capital Nairobi,Newton Mwangi anxiously takes off his boots and work suit after milking his cows.Mwangi is worried about the inability of the cows to hit the 80-litre target he needs to fulfil for his clients per day,due to a woeful fodder shortage in Kenya.展开更多
A cross-sectional study of 150 purposively selected multiple livestock species farmers was conducted in Central Uganda aimed at distinguishing between mixed and integrated livestock systems. Performance and operationa...A cross-sectional study of 150 purposively selected multiple livestock species farmers was conducted in Central Uganda aimed at distinguishing between mixed and integrated livestock systems. Performance and operational-based challenges misconstrued to cause incorrect comparison between the two systems were considered. Ten multiple-livestock species system with five ruminant species-based and five monogastric species-based combinations were categorised. Poultry, pig, fish, goats and sheep kept in both the 3 and 4-species combinations were considered. Over 80% of the families are male dominated, smallholder and occupying > 1.0 Ha of land. Exotic and crossbred breeds were adopted away from less productive and noncommercial local species. Mixed monogastric-fish systems with monogastric species dominated (P 1000) stock per farm. Stalls dominate pig management systems with 15% of the farmers upgraded to commercial level with (>50) stock per farm. Ineffective livestock policies contribute to inefficient performance of 55% of livestock farmers. In conclusion, mixed livestock systems should be upgraded to integrated livestock systems with input resource synergy for improved production and sustainability.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to quickly get the real-time dynamic status of regional farmland environmental pollution caused by livestock wastes.[Method] With WebGIS as spatial information platform,the network and digital...[Objective]The paper was to quickly get the real-time dynamic status of regional farmland environmental pollution caused by livestock wastes.[Method] With WebGIS as spatial information platform,the network and digital early warning system of farmland environmental pollution caused by livestock wastes was established.[Result] The system realized the functions such as livestock wastes calculation,livestock information query and analysis,nitrogen load quantity estimation of livestock waste,early warning of farmland environmental pollution caused by livestock wastes and visual display of result.[Conclusion] The paper provided scientific basis for the relevant research on farmland environmental pollution caused by livestock wastes.展开更多
Although mass livestock and poultry breeding brought magnificent econom-ic benefits to the society, it made great harm to the environment. By reviewing the current status of environmental pol ution caused by livestock...Although mass livestock and poultry breeding brought magnificent econom-ic benefits to the society, it made great harm to the environment. By reviewing the current status of environmental pol ution caused by livestock and poultry manure in China, harm-free treatment technology for livestock and poultry manure including fer-tilization technology, feed processing technology and energy technology were elabo-rated so as to address the existing issues in this regard and provide references for resource utilization and eliminating environmental pol ution through modified technical system and environment laws.展开更多
The Three-River Headwaters region in China is an ecological barrier providing en- vironmental protection and regional sustainable development for the mid-stream and down- stream areas, which also plays an important ro...The Three-River Headwaters region in China is an ecological barrier providing en- vironmental protection and regional sustainable development for the mid-stream and down- stream areas, which also plays an important role in animal husbandry in China. This study estimated the grassland yield in the Three-River Headwaters region based on MODIS NPP data, and calculated the proper livestock-carrying capacity of the grassland. We analyzed the overgrazing number and its spatial distribution characteristics through data comparison be- tween actual and proper livestock-carrying capacity. The results showed the following： （1） total grassland yield （hay） in the Three-River Headwaters region was 10.96 million tons in 2010 with an average grassland yield of 465.70 kg/hm2 （the spatial distribution presents a decreasing trend from the east and southeast to the west and northwest in turn）; （2） the proper livestock-carrying capacity in the Three-River Headwaters region is 12.19 million sheep units （hereafter described as ＂SU＂）, and the average stocking capacity is 51.27 SU [the proper carrying capacity is above 100 SU/km2 in the eastern counties, 60 SU/km2 in the cen- tral counties （except Madoi County）, and 30 SU/km2 in the western counties]; and （3） total overgrazing number was 6.52 million SU in the Three-River Headwaters region in 2010, with an average overgrazing ratio of 67.88% and an average overgrazing number of 27.43 SU/km2 A higher overgrazing ratio occurred in Tongde, Xinghai, Yushu, Henan and Z^kog. There was no overgrazing in Zhiduo, Tanggula Township and Darlag, Qumerleb and Madoi. The re- mainder of the counties had varying degrees of overgrazing.展开更多
Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of the forage-livestock balance is imperative for regionally arranging animal husbandry production while ensuring sustainable grassland-ecosystem service use.The Xilin Gol ste...Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of the forage-livestock balance is imperative for regionally arranging animal husbandry production while ensuring sustainable grassland-ecosystem service use.The Xilin Gol steppe is an important native grassland resource in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.This study aimed to elucidate the dynamics of the forage-livestock balance in the Xilin Gol steppe during the period 2000–2015.We evaluated the forage production and corresponding livestock carrying capacity(LCC)in the growing seasons of 2000–2015 using remote sensing data and field surveys.The spatiotemporal patterns of the forage-livestock balance were then assessed at regional,city(including city,county and banner),and village scales using statistical and household survey data.The results showed that both forage production and LCC decreased in the Xilin Gol steppe from east to west.During the period 2000–2015,the regional average forage production and corresponding LCC fluctuated without following a distinct trend,but were consistent with the variations in precipitation.The forage-livestock balance varied with time,space,and scale.At the regional scale,steppes were overgrazed in the early 2000s,but a forage-livestock balance or even grazing potential was achieved in other years.At the city scale,approximately half of the region exhibited a"forage-livestock balance"since 2000.However,about half of the region still experienced overgrazing,which mainly located in the southwest sandy zones.Such changes may have been affected by the variations in grassland quality,forage production,compensation payment,and so on.We suggest a location-specific management scheme for grazing constraints,ecological compensation payment,and industry development to aid in harmonizing animal husbandry and environmental restoration,while promoting sustainable development goals by 2030.展开更多
A serial of management and support policy for harmless treatment of dead livestock and poultry had been formulated in Fujian Province, and the effect was remarkable. But there were still some problems in the implement...A serial of management and support policy for harmless treatment of dead livestock and poultry had been formulated in Fujian Province, and the effect was remarkable. But there were still some problems in the implementation of the policy, the technique of harmless treatment, livestock insurance and invcstigation and punishment of illegal behavior. Therefore, the following countermeasures were put forward： strengthen the responsibility system for harmless treatment of dead livestock and poultry; adjust harmless treatment mode to local conditions; build centralized treatment plant; punish illegal and criminal activities strictly; improve linkage policy of insurance and harmless treatment of livestock and poultry.展开更多
Major disease outbreaks, increasing demand for animal food products, intensification of animal production systems, increased consumer awareness about food quality and safety, as well as heightened consciousness about ...Major disease outbreaks, increasing demand for animal food products, intensification of animal production systems, increased consumer awareness about food quality and safety, as well as heightened consciousness about animal welfare issues has seen the need for more reliable animal identification in Turkey＇s animal production system. Animal identification and traceability systems have seen rapid development in the world＇s main livestock producing nations and have been recognised by the main food, health and livestock trading authorities. The benefit of this system affects all the participants in the food chain （farm to fork） by limiting the spread of animal disease, assuring food safety and quality, minimizing the potential trade loss and minimizing government control. Electronic identification （EID） is one of the main technologies adopted, whereby each individual animal is identified and traced through a unique identification number saved on an electronic transponder （eartag or bolus）. The present animal identification and registration system in Turkey does not use an electronic identification tool and is administered manually which often causes unreliable and incorrect results. Concerns for animal and human health, as well as food safety assurance, have motivated efforts in Turkey to intensify animal identification system. This paper has provided the basis for how animals can be accurately traced and monitored from their birth until their slaughter, tracking every single parameter that could be of interest： animal health history, disease control, milk/meat/wool production and nutrition. This study summarizes information on EID available from around the world, discusses the advantages and challenges in its application in Turkey and provides recommendations as to the systems suitability to upgrade the present status of the Turkish National Livestock Identification System.展开更多
ETS Series Multi-functional ExtruderSpecificationCharacteristicsThe extruder has the function ofextruding raw material and finishedproduct. With different configuration,
In consideration of the need to maintain planting-breeding balance, this article examines the capacity of the soil in Putian City, Fujian Province to absorb livestock and poultry excreta, and computes the environmenta...In consideration of the need to maintain planting-breeding balance, this article examines the capacity of the soil in Putian City, Fujian Province to absorb livestock and poultry excreta, and computes the environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry farming （ECCLPF） in each district of the city in terms of the fertility characteristics of the soil in the city, as well as its mix of crops cultivated and farming methods. On the basis of the computations, this work proceeds to classify the alarm grades of the city＇s environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry framing, and assess the environmental impact of the livestock and poultry farming industry. The results of our study indicate that, the city＇s ECCLPF ranges from 8.27 to 23.23 heads per ha when computed on the basis of nitrogen, and from 5.79 to 24.53 heads per ha when computed on the basis of phosphorus. A comparison between our research findings and the existing farming scale in Putian reveals that, in certain parts of the city, ECCLPF is overburdened to varying degrees. Specifically, Chengxiang District is severely overburdened, Hanjiang District and Meizhou Island have a level of overburdening between virtual overburdening and significant overburdening, Licheng District is virtually overburdened, and Xiuyu, Xianyou, and Bei＇an Districts have not exceeded their environmental carrying capacity and therefore have varying levels of potential for growth.展开更多
Alginate oligosaccharides(AOS), belonging to the class of functional marine oligosaccharides, are low-molecular polymers linked by β-1,4-mannuronic acid(M) and α-1,4-guluronic acid(G), which could be classically obt...Alginate oligosaccharides(AOS), belonging to the class of functional marine oligosaccharides, are low-molecular polymers linked by β-1,4-mannuronic acid(M) and α-1,4-guluronic acid(G), which could be classically obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of alginate. With low viscosity and good water solubility, as well as anti-oxidant, immune regulation, anti-bacterial and antiinflammatory activities, AOS have been widely used in medical science and functional food, green agriculture and other fields. As new bio-feed additives, AOS have broad potential applications in animal husbandry. In this review, the sources of alginate, chemical structure and preparation methods of AOS, and their biological activities and application in livestock and poultry are summarized. We expect this review could contribute to lay a foundation of application and further research for AOS in livestock and poultry.展开更多
文摘Background:The Swegali Valley in the Swat District is notable for its diverse range of plant species.Livestock plays a vital role in the development of human civilization,and similar to human disease treatments plants are utilized as remedies for a variety of domestic animals.Methods:The present study was carried out to record ethnoveterinary knowledge of the local plants that are being used by the people of Swegalai Valley,Swat,Pakistan.One hundred and thirty-five residents were interviewed using a questionnaire.The data were analyzed by applying quantitative formulas,like,used value(UV),relative frequency of citations(RFCs),fidelity level value(FL)%,consensus index(CI)%,and informant consensus factor(FIC).Results:Throughout the current study,47 plants belonging to 31 families are presented;these plants have been widely used as an ethnoveterinary medicine to treat various livestock ailments.Medicinal plants with high used values were Acacia nilotica L.(UV=0.791),and Ajuga bracteosa(0.782).Using RFCs values,the most valued and cited medicinal plant species used by people for livestock disorders are A.nilotica(RFCs=0.628),and A.bracteosa(0.616).Similarly,the highest values were also found for the same plant species using CI percentage;these were for ;A.nilotica L.(CI%=84.331),followed by A.bracteosa(83.221%).The highest fidelity level was for A.nilotica(FL%=100),A.bracteosa(95.341%),Allium cepa(88.344%),A.sativum(85.311%),Aloe vera(84.25%),Artemisia scoparia(83.101%),Berberis lycium(80.451%).The informant consensus factor(FIC)ranged from 0.782 to 1.The maximum FIC values for various diseases were;bovine mastitis,anti-helminthic,eye diseases,bloat and stomachic,fracture pain,pediculosis,rheumatism,and vermifuge.Conclusion:We concluded that the people of Swegalai deeply rely on medicinal plants to treat various livestock ailments.Ethnic information also provides a framework for further phytochemical investigations.Since this useful knowledge is being lost forever due to rapid socio-economic,technological,and environmental change,recording ethnoveterinary activities in the study area was therefore very important.Thus,the people of the study area must implement in-situ and ex-situ conservation strategies to ensure the sustainable utilization of these species.
文摘The livestock farming is an important pillar of the rural economy in China.To explore the impact of government technical subsidies and pollution penalties on the digital and intelligent transformation of livestock enterprises,an evolutionary game theoretical model between the government and livestock enterprises is constructed.The interaction mechanism of the game between the government and breeding enterprises is explored,and simulation is conducted.The research results show that the combined strategy of pollution penalties and technical subsidies is the optimal strategy for the government;the system is jointly driven by government subsidies,technical costs of transformation input,public willingness,and enterprise willingness.
基金National Nature Science Foundation of China(32272898).
文摘Probiotic extracellular vesicles(pEVs)are biologically active nanoparticle structures that can regulate the intestinal tract through direct or indirect mechanisms.They enhance the intestinal barrier function in livestock and poultry and help alleviate intestinal diseases.The specific effects of pEVs depend on their internal functional components,including nucleic acids,proteins,lipids,and other substances.This paper presents a narrative review of the impact of pEVs on the intestinal barrier across various segments of the intestinal tract,exploring their mechanisms of action while highlighting the limitations of current research.Investigating the mechanisms through which probiotics oper-ate via pEVs could deepen our understanding and provide a theoretical foundation for their application in livestock production.
基金Supported by Binzhou Social Sciences Planning Project in 2024(24-SKGH-051)Binzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station Project of Shandong Provincial Forage Industry Technology System(SDAIT-23-10).
文摘This paper investigated and analyzed the conservation and utilization of four local livestock breeds in Binzhou City:Wadi Sheep,Bohai Black Cattle,Wudi Donkey,and Lubei White Goat.Shortcomings in the protection and utilization of local germplasm resources were pointed out,and strategies and recommendations were proposed to promote high-quality development of livestock and poultry genetic resources in Binzhou,including building a solid germplasm foundation,standardizing production,and driving innovation.This paper provides references for the conservation,development,and utilization of local genetic resources in Binzhou City.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A2047)the Key Research and Development Project for Tibet Autonomous Region(No.XZ202201ZY0003N)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFD1901402)the Lasa Science and Technology Bureau(No.LSKJ202206)the Foundation of Graduate Research and Innovation in Chongqing(No.CYB22127).
文摘The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental protection.However,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of manure,on the degradation of organic compounds and nutrient release in Eutric Regosol is not well understood.Here,we studied,how oxytetracycline(OTC)and ciprofloxacin(CIP)affect the decomposition,microbial community structure,extracellular enzyme activities and nutrient release from cattle and pig manure using litterbag incubation experiments.Results showed that OTC and CIP greatly inhibited livestock manure decomposition,causing a decreased rate of carbon(28%-87%),nitrogen(15%-44%)and phosphorus(26%-43%)release.The relative abundance of gramnegative(G-)bacteria was reduced by 4.0%-13%while fungi increased by 7.0%-71%during a 28-day incubation period.Co-occurrence network analysis showed that antibiotic exposure disrupted microbial interactions,particularly among G-bacteria,G+bacteria,and actinomycetes.These changes in microbial community structure and function resulted in decreased activity of urease,β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase,alkaline protease,chitinase,and catalase,causing reduced decomposition and nutrient release in cattle and pig ma-nures.These findings advance our understanding of decomposition and nutrient recycling from manure-contaminated antibiotics,which will help facilitate sustainable agricultural production and soil carbon sequestration.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2022YFC3701102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41905109,42405114,and 42105105).
文摘Gaseous nitrous acid(HONO)is a critical contributor to daytime hydroxyl radical in the troposphere.Livestock farming has been recognized as an overlooked HONO source,but the lack of detailed flux measurements from livestock and poultry wastes would cause uncertainties in modeling its environmental impacts.Here,based on field flux measurements and laboratory experiments,we observed substantial HONO emissions from the composting of swine feces and chicken manure in the warm season,which might be mainly attributed to nitrification process in livestock and poultry wastes.The HONO emission from chicken manure was found to bemuch higher than that from swine feces,and the higher NH3 emission but lower N2O and NO emissions fromchicken manurewere also observed.Considering that the interaction among these nitrogen species during nitrification process,the obviously lower HONO emission from swine feces was likely to be explained by the lack of the total ammonia nitrogen and H+donors in swine feces.Temperature is also a key factor that influences the HONO emission from livestock wastes.In addition,the total HONO emission from swine feces in Chinawas estimated to be approximately 107.7 Gg-N/yr according to the national swine amounts,which is comparable to the national soil HONO emissions,underscoring its non-negligible contribution to regional air quality.Therefore,effective emission control of HONO fromlivestock and poultry wastes should be carried out to further improve air quality in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972558)the Agricultural Improved Seed Project of Shandong Province,China(2020LZGC014)。
文摘Eukaryotic genomes are hierarchically packaged into cell nucleus,affecting gene regulation.The genome is organized into multiscale structural units,including chromosome territories,compartments,topologically associating domains(TADs),and DNA loops.The identification of these hierarchical structures has benefited from the development of experimental approaches,such as 3C-based methods(Hi-C,ChIA-PET,etc.),imaging tools(2D-FISH,3D-FISH,Cryo-FISH,etc.)and ligation-free methods(GAM,SPRITE,etc.).In recent two decades,numerous studies have shown that the 3D organization of genome plays essential roles in multiple cellular processes via various mechanisms,such as regulating enhancer activity and promoter-enhancer interactions.However,there are relatively few studies about the 3D genome in livestock species.Therefore,studies for exploring the function of 3D genomes in livestock are urgently needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of potential relationships between the genome and production traits.In this review,we summarize the recent advances of 3D genomics and its biological functions in human and mouse studies,drawing inspiration to explore the 3D genomics of livestock species.We then mainly focus on the biological functions of 3D genome organization in muscle development and its implications in animal breeding.
基金Supported by 2021 Continuing Education Teaching Reform and Research Practice Project of Continuing Education Quality Improvement Project in Guangdong Province(JXJYGC2021KY0667)2021 Online and Offline Mixed First-class Undergraduate Curriculum"Culinary Raw Materials"of Hanshan Normal University.
文摘Comprehensively promoting curriculum ideological and political education is a strategic measure to implement the fundamental task of establishing moral integrity and educating people.Culinary raw materials is the core curriculum of culinary majors,which is rich in ideological and political elements.In this study,taking livestock and poultry raw materials as an example,the teaching design of integrating curriculum ideological and political education into culinary raw materials were investigated by sorting out its teaching contents and excavating its ideological and political elements.Taking livestock and poultry raw materials in Teochew Cuisine Raw Materials as an example,the teaching design of curriculum ideological and political education was conducted,aiming to provide some reference and guidance for curriculum ideological and political education of the curriculum.
文摘Geospatial technologies can be leveraged to optimize the available resources for better productivity and sustainability. The resources can be human, software and hardware equipment and their effective management can enhance operational efficiency through better and informed decision making. This review article examines the application of geospatial technologies, including GPS, GIS, and remote sensing, for optimizing resource utilization in livestock management. It compares these technologies to traditional livestock management practices and highlights their potential to improve animal tracking, feed intake monitoring, disease monitoring, pasture selection, and rangeland management. Previously, animal management practices were labor-intensive, time-consuming, and required more precision for optimal animal health and productivity. Digital technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have transformed the livestock sector through precision livestock management. However, major challenges such as high cost, availability and accessibility to these technologies have deterred their implementation. To fully realize the benefits and tremendous contribution of these digital technologies and to address the challenges associated with their widespread adoption, the review proposes a collaborative approach between different stakeholders in the livestock sector including livestock farmers, researchers, veterinarians, industry professionals, technology developers, the private sector, financial institutions and government to share knowledge and expertise. The collaboration would facilitate the integration of various strategies to ensure the effective and wide adoption of digital technologies in livestock management by supporting the development of user-friendly and accessible tools tailored to specific livestock management and production systems.
文摘Chinese-invented Juncao grass is transforming dairy production in Kenya At his dairy farm in Kiambu County on the outskirts of the Kenyan capital Nairobi,Newton Mwangi anxiously takes off his boots and work suit after milking his cows.Mwangi is worried about the inability of the cows to hit the 80-litre target he needs to fulfil for his clients per day,due to a woeful fodder shortage in Kenya.
文摘A cross-sectional study of 150 purposively selected multiple livestock species farmers was conducted in Central Uganda aimed at distinguishing between mixed and integrated livestock systems. Performance and operational-based challenges misconstrued to cause incorrect comparison between the two systems were considered. Ten multiple-livestock species system with five ruminant species-based and five monogastric species-based combinations were categorised. Poultry, pig, fish, goats and sheep kept in both the 3 and 4-species combinations were considered. Over 80% of the families are male dominated, smallholder and occupying > 1.0 Ha of land. Exotic and crossbred breeds were adopted away from less productive and noncommercial local species. Mixed monogastric-fish systems with monogastric species dominated (P 1000) stock per farm. Stalls dominate pig management systems with 15% of the farmers upgraded to commercial level with (>50) stock per farm. Ineffective livestock policies contribute to inefficient performance of 55% of livestock farmers. In conclusion, mixed livestock systems should be upgraded to integrated livestock systems with input resource synergy for improved production and sustainability.
基金Supported by B Category Projects of Fujian Provincial Department ofEducation (JB10132)Technology Start-up Projects of MinjiangUniversity (YKQ09003)~~
文摘[Objective]The paper was to quickly get the real-time dynamic status of regional farmland environmental pollution caused by livestock wastes.[Method] With WebGIS as spatial information platform,the network and digital early warning system of farmland environmental pollution caused by livestock wastes was established.[Result] The system realized the functions such as livestock wastes calculation,livestock information query and analysis,nitrogen load quantity estimation of livestock waste,early warning of farmland environmental pollution caused by livestock wastes and visual display of result.[Conclusion] The paper provided scientific basis for the relevant research on farmland environmental pollution caused by livestock wastes.
基金Supported by Fundamental Research Funds for Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(201020)Science and Technology Development Fund(2012JM10)~~
文摘Although mass livestock and poultry breeding brought magnificent econom-ic benefits to the society, it made great harm to the environment. By reviewing the current status of environmental pol ution caused by livestock and poultry manure in China, harm-free treatment technology for livestock and poultry manure including fer-tilization technology, feed processing technology and energy technology were elabo-rated so as to address the existing issues in this regard and provide references for resource utilization and eliminating environmental pol ution through modified technical system and environment laws.
基金The Chinese National Non-profit Program for Environment Protection,No.201109030
文摘The Three-River Headwaters region in China is an ecological barrier providing en- vironmental protection and regional sustainable development for the mid-stream and down- stream areas, which also plays an important role in animal husbandry in China. This study estimated the grassland yield in the Three-River Headwaters region based on MODIS NPP data, and calculated the proper livestock-carrying capacity of the grassland. We analyzed the overgrazing number and its spatial distribution characteristics through data comparison be- tween actual and proper livestock-carrying capacity. The results showed the following： （1） total grassland yield （hay） in the Three-River Headwaters region was 10.96 million tons in 2010 with an average grassland yield of 465.70 kg/hm2 （the spatial distribution presents a decreasing trend from the east and southeast to the west and northwest in turn）; （2） the proper livestock-carrying capacity in the Three-River Headwaters region is 12.19 million sheep units （hereafter described as ＂SU＂）, and the average stocking capacity is 51.27 SU [the proper carrying capacity is above 100 SU/km2 in the eastern counties, 60 SU/km2 in the cen- tral counties （except Madoi County）, and 30 SU/km2 in the western counties]; and （3） total overgrazing number was 6.52 million SU in the Three-River Headwaters region in 2010, with an average overgrazing ratio of 67.88% and an average overgrazing number of 27.43 SU/km2 A higher overgrazing ratio occurred in Tongde, Xinghai, Yushu, Henan and Z^kog. There was no overgrazing in Zhiduo, Tanggula Township and Darlag, Qumerleb and Madoi. The re- mainder of the counties had varying degrees of overgrazing.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971130)。
文摘Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of the forage-livestock balance is imperative for regionally arranging animal husbandry production while ensuring sustainable grassland-ecosystem service use.The Xilin Gol steppe is an important native grassland resource in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.This study aimed to elucidate the dynamics of the forage-livestock balance in the Xilin Gol steppe during the period 2000–2015.We evaluated the forage production and corresponding livestock carrying capacity(LCC)in the growing seasons of 2000–2015 using remote sensing data and field surveys.The spatiotemporal patterns of the forage-livestock balance were then assessed at regional,city(including city,county and banner),and village scales using statistical and household survey data.The results showed that both forage production and LCC decreased in the Xilin Gol steppe from east to west.During the period 2000–2015,the regional average forage production and corresponding LCC fluctuated without following a distinct trend,but were consistent with the variations in precipitation.The forage-livestock balance varied with time,space,and scale.At the regional scale,steppes were overgrazed in the early 2000s,but a forage-livestock balance or even grazing potential was achieved in other years.At the city scale,approximately half of the region exhibited a"forage-livestock balance"since 2000.However,about half of the region still experienced overgrazing,which mainly located in the southwest sandy zones.Such changes may have been affected by the variations in grassland quality,forage production,compensation payment,and so on.We suggest a location-specific management scheme for grazing constraints,ecological compensation payment,and industry development to aid in harmonizing animal husbandry and environmental restoration,while promoting sustainable development goals by 2030.
基金Basal Research Fund for Provincial Public Research Institutes in Fujian(2014R1016-12)
文摘A serial of management and support policy for harmless treatment of dead livestock and poultry had been formulated in Fujian Province, and the effect was remarkable. But there were still some problems in the implementation of the policy, the technique of harmless treatment, livestock insurance and invcstigation and punishment of illegal behavior. Therefore, the following countermeasures were put forward： strengthen the responsibility system for harmless treatment of dead livestock and poultry; adjust harmless treatment mode to local conditions; build centralized treatment plant; punish illegal and criminal activities strictly; improve linkage policy of insurance and harmless treatment of livestock and poultry.
文摘Major disease outbreaks, increasing demand for animal food products, intensification of animal production systems, increased consumer awareness about food quality and safety, as well as heightened consciousness about animal welfare issues has seen the need for more reliable animal identification in Turkey＇s animal production system. Animal identification and traceability systems have seen rapid development in the world＇s main livestock producing nations and have been recognised by the main food, health and livestock trading authorities. The benefit of this system affects all the participants in the food chain （farm to fork） by limiting the spread of animal disease, assuring food safety and quality, minimizing the potential trade loss and minimizing government control. Electronic identification （EID） is one of the main technologies adopted, whereby each individual animal is identified and traced through a unique identification number saved on an electronic transponder （eartag or bolus）. The present animal identification and registration system in Turkey does not use an electronic identification tool and is administered manually which often causes unreliable and incorrect results. Concerns for animal and human health, as well as food safety assurance, have motivated efforts in Turkey to intensify animal identification system. This paper has provided the basis for how animals can be accurately traced and monitored from their birth until their slaughter, tracking every single parameter that could be of interest： animal health history, disease control, milk/meat/wool production and nutrition. This study summarizes information on EID available from around the world, discusses the advantages and challenges in its application in Turkey and provides recommendations as to the systems suitability to upgrade the present status of the Turkish National Livestock Identification System.
文摘ETS Series Multi-functional ExtruderSpecificationCharacteristicsThe extruder has the function ofextruding raw material and finishedproduct. With different configuration,
基金the Putian Municipal People's Government for funding this research
文摘In consideration of the need to maintain planting-breeding balance, this article examines the capacity of the soil in Putian City, Fujian Province to absorb livestock and poultry excreta, and computes the environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry farming （ECCLPF） in each district of the city in terms of the fertility characteristics of the soil in the city, as well as its mix of crops cultivated and farming methods. On the basis of the computations, this work proceeds to classify the alarm grades of the city＇s environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry framing, and assess the environmental impact of the livestock and poultry farming industry. The results of our study indicate that, the city＇s ECCLPF ranges from 8.27 to 23.23 heads per ha when computed on the basis of nitrogen, and from 5.79 to 24.53 heads per ha when computed on the basis of phosphorus. A comparison between our research findings and the existing farming scale in Putian reveals that, in certain parts of the city, ECCLPF is overburdened to varying degrees. Specifically, Chengxiang District is severely overburdened, Hanjiang District and Meizhou Island have a level of overburdening between virtual overburdening and significant overburdening, Licheng District is virtually overburdened, and Xiuyu, Xianyou, and Bei＇an Districts have not exceeded their environmental carrying capacity and therefore have varying levels of potential for growth.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFD0500501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772641)the Basic Science and Research Funding of Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China (2018-YWF-YB-11)。
文摘Alginate oligosaccharides(AOS), belonging to the class of functional marine oligosaccharides, are low-molecular polymers linked by β-1,4-mannuronic acid(M) and α-1,4-guluronic acid(G), which could be classically obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of alginate. With low viscosity and good water solubility, as well as anti-oxidant, immune regulation, anti-bacterial and antiinflammatory activities, AOS have been widely used in medical science and functional food, green agriculture and other fields. As new bio-feed additives, AOS have broad potential applications in animal husbandry. In this review, the sources of alginate, chemical structure and preparation methods of AOS, and their biological activities and application in livestock and poultry are summarized. We expect this review could contribute to lay a foundation of application and further research for AOS in livestock and poultry.
